On this page
-
Text (6)
-
$22 THE LE1DE B ^__ ____ [Saturday ,
-
HOW THE IRISH ARE TAUGHT. The national e...
-
NEW WAY TO DIG. Mechi, the Napoleon of A...
-
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING. Somk improveme...
-
. THE WORKING CLASSES. ' There are many ...
-
CURIOSITIES OP JUSTICE. Tub olden Court ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Mil. Norton's Defence. Mr. Norton Has St...
had ever received an annuity from Lord Melbourne s representatives ; but only two or three weeks ago , Mr . Norton ' s solicitor ascertained that she has been in the receipt of that annuity since 1849 . In 1837 , a reunion was contemplated .. But Mr . Norton , " loving her to madness" was , he confesses , " weak and vacillating in the extreme ; " but on hearing some tidings of her sej ' our in the Isle of "Wi ght , he gave up the idea . Afterwards Mrs ; Norton gave several hints towafdsa reunion , such as saying , " What nonsense , when there 13 a room for you in this house , " when Mr . Norton spoke of taking a , new lease of his own house . At the first
separation Mr . Norton gave his wife 300 / . a-year ; in getting a larger ; income he raised it to 400 / . ; to purchase her necessary signature to a mortgage deed he raised it to 500 / . a year , and then having learnt that she had been left 500 / . per annum by her mother he reduced it to 300 / . a year , which she has never accepted . Respecting the children , Mr . Norton states that during their whole life he has paid for their clothing , schooling , and support , with the exception of their viands when they were living with their mother . Respecting Lord Melbourne , Mr . Norton stated that he saw his wife with her arm round Lord Melbourne's neck , and that she said , " Well , and what if Iliad my Mell round the neck—what was it ?¦ " Afterwards his
suspicions being aroused by the removal from the house of piles of Lord Melbourne ' s letters left accidentally exposed , he discovered three letters of Lord Melbourne ' s in another part of the house . Other evidence , " not called upon the trial , " convinced Mr . Norton of the truth of his suspicions respecting Lord Melbourne and hia wife . With regard to Mrs . Norton's charge , -that he had claimed the copyright of her works , he denies it ; his solicitor had " inquired" after her works to ascertain her income . The signature of " Greenacre" was only " a poor joke ; " but it originated with Mrs . Norton herself , who adopted the name of " Hannah Brown . " Mr . Norton also states that Lord Melbourne promised him the appointment of Police Magistrate before he visited at his house , and "before , I believe , he even knew Mrs . Norton . " - -
Mr . Norton ' s income from every source does not average 2400 / . a year . Mr . Norton ' s final statement as to money matters is : — "Ib is not true that I refused to perform the agreoment of 1848 because it was made between man and wife ; but it is true that the agreement , having been of a temporary and not of a permanent nature , and the amount allowed under it being necessarily dependent upon the amounts of our respective incomes , I did , in 1851 , upon Mrs . Norton ' s income being increased by 500 / . a-year upon her mother ' s death , while mine was , from various causes , diminished , propose to reduce the 5001 . to 300 / ., which I was afterwards willinor to increase to 400 / . It is also
true , that down to March in the last year ( 1852 ) , sinco when , and from the year previous , the amount of the allowance has been the subject of discussion , I allowed to Mrs . Norton the undiininishcd sum of 500 / . a year . "
$22 The Le1de B ^__ ____ [Saturday ,
$ 22 THE LE 1 DE B ^__ ____ [ Saturday ,
How The Irish Are Taught. The National E...
HOW THE IRISH ARE TAUGHT . The national education of the Irish goes on very well , with added numbers taught each year , and better ways gradually introduced . At the end of last year there were half a million and forty-four thousand children being taught , being twenty-four thousand more than were taught the year before . The school-houses had increased by one hundred and seventy . When the now schools being- built are completed , they will afford accommodation to 7475 additional pupils . Thirty new Hchools were opened in the year 1852 . The total amount expended in 1852 was 157 , 704 / . 5 s . Bd . ; the amount for literary agency , out of thin sum , 82 , 904 / . 17 * . 8 d . : the repairing of schools cost 813 / . 9 a-. 3 d ., while the cost of the seventy-five schools being built has been 5249 / ., 19 * . 2 d . The amount expended in premiums for cleanliness and good order was 7 G 7 / . 10 . v . In the Dublin Model School 1479 pupils arc being taught , and , during 1852 , 302 teachers ( 17 Established Church , 43 Presbyterians , 240 Roman Catholic * , and 2 Dissenters ) wore sent out , fmi « hed , during the year . There are 133 workhouse schools in connexion with the Hoard . There are twenty-six ; model agricultural schools , teaching 207 pupils , in the industrial classes , nnd 2355 day pupil * . The workhouse-agricultural wchools immbcr twenty-three . Tho agricultural teaching makes great progress .
Tho separate creeds of tho children attending tho fcIiooIh wore lately ascertained . Of 491 , 927 children , 24 , 084 were inemberH of tho Establinhed Church , tho Presbyterians were 40 , ( 518 , other Protestants , 1908 ; Roman Catholics , 424 , 717 . After giving those- Hatwfucfcory wtatiatica tho commifl-Biouorrf refer to their proceeding's relative to the religion * hooka . They state the withdrawal from their publications ! and functioned books of tho Lessons on tho
Truth of Christianity and of the Evidences ' of the Truth of Christianity , but these may still be used in separate relig ious instruction . They do not insist-on having the Scripture Lessons or the sacred poetry read in any school , nor do they allow them to be read 111 combined religious instruction , unless no one objects to them . In separate religious instruction any of the books may be used .
New Way To Dig. Mechi, The Napoleon Of A...
NEW WAY TO DIG . Mechi , the Napoleon of Agriculture , informs the public , ( through the Times , ) of a new digg ing machine . He writes : — - " A cahn and rigid investigation and computation have convinced me that the doom of the plough , as an instrument of culture , is sealed , and that the rotatory forking , or , as it is wrongly called , digging machine , is the onl y profitable cultivator . Even with six or eight horses it is cheaper , and infinitely more effective than the plough . " Since the trial of implements at my ' gathering , I have received from one of our North American colonies the model of a newly-invented machine , which , by a happyand most simple combination of horse and steam-power , willand I pledge my agricultural reputation for it—not only deeply , cheaply , and efficiently cultivate and pulverize the soil , but at the same time sow the seed , and leave all in a finished condition . It will also , by a simple inversion , cut and gather the corn without any rake or other complication ; while both in ( Cultivation and harvesting its operation will be continuous and without stoppage .
" The inventor and his machine have , by the government of the district , been placed under my charge and guidance . I have , therefore , on public grounds , and considering the vast importance of the invention in a national point of view , advised the inventor to grant licenses for its manufacture , at a very moderate royalty , to the most eminent agricultural-implement makers in various parts of the kingdom , so that bur agriculturists may be secured by competition against monopoly or inferiority , while the inventor will benefit in proportion to the appreciation of his merits . I shall call together a meeting of the various implementmakers , and in due time my practical friends of the old school ( who must now consider me quite insane ) will have an opportunity on my farm of forming their own conclusions . '
"I may venture . to state generally that the implement when complete will weigh about 20 to 25 cvvt ., will require a pair of horses , arid will represent the power of about eight to twelve , or more , real horses . . , " I trust I need hardly say that I shall have no pecuniary interest in this matter . The invention has been duly secured . " He adds : — " The implement for digging will require one man and one boy only , including the management of the steam-engine ; in reaping , the same , with the addition of three men to bind , as the corn falls into their arms . The men will be carried on the machine . "
Improvements In Printing. Somk Improveme...
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING . Somk improvements in printing have been just completed by Major Beniowski . They will , it is said , make the setting of type as easy as writing , and one half cheaper than at present . Single types for words arc the chief part of the new improvements . At present , to print the common word " and , " the compositor must take up four types , three for the letters and one for the white' space between the " and" and the next word . In the new p lan , the compositor has one type with " and , " and tho necessary space engraved thereon . By having a great variety of types expressing ordinary and often-used English words , the saving of time can be very great . The eparato types for spaces can be always disused , as there will ba distinct typos for terminal letters , having a Bpace attached . Thus , to print tho " e" in " help , " an ordinary " e" will bo used , but to print tho " e" in hope , an " o" with a space after will bo set up . This new plan is called logotypes . It has been often thought of before , but tho difficulty always baa been the multiplicity of classes of type . If you have three or four hundred kinds of word-types , you must have u caso of little boxes to hold thoin , and the case will bo ho large , that the compositor must walk about to reach the boxes in succession . For tho ordinary way of keeping types for use is to throw into little shallow compartments of one caso tho little metal square-shaped sticks , ( us thick as a good bodkin , and only an inch and a . half long , ) ou the cud of which tho letter ia printed . It therefore required practice in a compositor to know
which was the box for each letter , as the little sticks ( lying confusedl y in their respective boxes ) did not present their letter end to tho eye . Tho . difficulty . is increased by the fact that the case * are not alphabetical ly arruiigod ; tho lotter " a" in a largo compartment in the coutiv , near the hand , because it is most wanted , while "j" may bo in a small box at the bottom . Under tho now system tho arrangement is different . Tho types , instead of being in boxes whore they lie confusedly , are inserted in Indian filo into long cases or channels , sloping down towardu tho compositor ' * hand . They are loose enough in their channels to allow tho second typo to alido down when tho flrat is taken away . Thus , us tho soldier in tho second rank wtepa into the pliico of the first-rank Holdior taken away , so
that an unbroken front is ever present to , the enem the compositor will likewise find the succession d"I ' faithfully fulfilled by each little type . All the < V » for instance , instead , of crowding together , will ran ? themselves one after another in a long row , the cony positor seeing only one at a time , and as that one { removed , the next "e" steps down into his . p ]^ Another point is worth notice . At present , the littl e metal stick called-- ' . ft type is blank at one end , so that you have to turn it up and read the inverted letter ( in . verted in the type , that it may print ri ghtly on the paper )
before he knows it . But in the new plan , the type { s also marked with the letter rightly engraved on the other end , so that the compositor sees before him the very letter he is about to print . Thus , the compositor requires very little training . A child who picks o ut letter after letter of a toy alphabet , and spells a word rightly , does what the new compositors will merel y do . At an experiment on Saturday , a young lady print ed 4700 letters per hour , n speed three times greater than at present attained by experienced compositors .
Printing machines of a new kind , to print 20 , 000 copies an hour , and improved ink ing-rollers , have also been invented and perfected by Major Beniowski . On Saturday , he showed the working of his inventions to a large party of literary men , Douglas Jerrold and Shirley Brooks among them . Some M . P . ' s were also present .
. The Working Classes. ' There Are Many ...
THE WORKING CLASSES . There are many demands for higher wages , as yefc unsatisfied . At Stockport the shoemakers ask thirty . five per cent , advance on former wages ; the masters offer ten . The shipwrights of Bridgewater ask 24 s . instead of 21 s . a-week . Tho bnilders' labourers in Westminster demand an advance . The London coalheavers ask an advance of 9 d . per ton . The Ashton spinners have issued a circular calling for five per cent . in addition to five per cent , previously paid .. The bricklayers of Messrs . Holland , builders , demand ten per cent , advance . ( The Times complains that they made the demand _ on the morning of a workman's feast , to . ' which the Messrs . Holland contributed largely . But if the demand were just , any time was suitable for it ) The advance of wages is extending over the Manchester district . " In many scattered ¦ establishment ? it is quietly paid , and the public hear nothing about it . " At Blackburn , Preston , Burnley , Accrington , and the neighbourhood included under those names , the ten per cent , is given both to the weavers and spinners . The stonemasons of Worcester have got 2 s . a-week advance . General prosperity advances . Pauperism in Bucks lias rapidly declined . Some parishes , which formerly paid 20 . ? . in the pound for poors rate , now pay but 9 d . in the pound . The altered condition of the manufacturing districts tells the same talc . In July , 1848 , there were not fewer than 2074 cases of adult males , married or single , relieved in the Manchester union , on account of wunt of work , or similar causes , while in July last the number reported by tho clerk , under tho same head , was only nine . The shoe manufacture in Norwich irf extending . There are twenty-five wholesale boot nnu shoemakers , employing 5000 persons . A new Corn Exchange is to bo built at Haddington . A largo covered market is to be erected at Manchester . Itw '" enclose a space 440 feet long , by 244 feet wide .
Curiosities Op Justice. Tub Olden Court ...
CURIOSITIES OP JUSTICE . Tub olden Court of Chancery , peculiar to the Palfttinalo of Lancaster , has been revived , niul with good eflccfc , 1 making justice cheaper and more accessible . Manc ues is to participate in tho benefit of this resuscitation ; tw courts are io bo hold yearly m that town . .. 1 A Liverpool jeweller sold jewellery to two women , c « i « _ Polly Storors and Madame Annie : ii diamond b racelet . 1 ^ thirty guineas , and a pink topaz brooch at t «» k'uul ft were among them . On suing for tho money , < h <> wo" ^ pleaded and sworo that they wcro women of vicious n ^ that tho jowellery was uwed ' as an ndorninenfc inion fJe ' . ontieo men , and that tho jeweller know of tho fact . ^ defence failed , and the women wero adjudged to P ' iy .. value of tho jewellery , uoinothing fesa than tho charge the shopkeeper . , ,.. Changes in our ways of treating criminals « os " , careful record . Therefore , although wo hav <> "" J " ^ noticed in our Parliamentary report tho novr AL . ' , . Abolish Transportation in certain cases , wo ro-stuto ? ita character in H « . completed -form . If will com" _ » force on next Thursday . After tho counnoncoinoni- 01 ¦ act , from and after tho Ittt of September , »« P" ™ . ,, ( 1 ( , bo Hontoncnd to transportation ovcopfc for hfo « r )<) l w )| 1 . yearn or upWrdn . Any peruon who mig ht ; Imvo "'! ' , j ()( ,,, tonood to transportation for a term 1 « kk than w ^ ^ ytMivH ia to bo liable , nt . tho discretion of tho < .-our ., kept in ponnl nervitudc . l » « rnoiis HftbJo to tm " , | I ° J' w , nfor fourteen years or upwards , or for lift ) , may » " » | 1 tont-cd to traiiHixn-tation , or to jx . 'nul » orvilu » l « 11 { Tho following toruis of penal Borvitiulo nro to Xt 0 J ~ Ll . , l instead of tho pnwont torms of transport at ion : (>( 1 ( iof tmnHportiition for uovon yoaxa , or for a tovm » ° . ^ ojf ing bovou yoaru , tho penal Borvitudo to bo tor ft
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 27, 1853, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_27081853/page/6/
-