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taking part in the meeting will be invited to attend service either at Westminster Abbey or St . Paul ' s Cathedral . Many of the highest ecclesiastical dignitaries have expressed approval of the proposed course of proceeding , and have intimated their intention of being present at the meeting . —Times .
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SIX HUNDRED MORE CHURCHES . The commissioners appointed to inquire into the best mode of subdividing the more densely peopled parishes in England and Wales , in such manner as to prevent the population of any one parish from having more than 4000 souls , have issued their second report , which contains a very startling recommendation . The commissioners state that , from the inquiries they have made , and from the suggestions they have received , they have come to the conclusion that the number of parishes of large populations clearly
requiring a new church or churches to be built , and and a new parish or parishes to be constituted , is at least six hundred . Then comes the question , how are these six hundred churches to be built ? And , when that has been settled , another question equally important is , how are these six hundred churches to be endowed ? For , without endowments they would not succeed very well . The total outlay for the whole of the churches is estimated at £ 2 , 000 , 000 , one-half of which they expect to raise by local and voluntary contributions , and the rest by the sale of the church livings now at the disposal of the Lord Chancellor .
The number of benefices in the gift of the Lord Chancellor is 754 , having an annual value of £ 190 , 000 . He has also the alternate presentation to twenty-three others , of whiph the annual value is £ 7877 . But , of these livings , a great number are too small to aiford a competent income for a resident incumbent . Six are under £ 50 annual value ; fiftysix are above £ 50 , but under £ 100 ; a hundred and twenty-four are above £ 100 , but under £ 150 ; and a hundred and forty-four are above £ 150 , but under £ 200 ; making a total of 330 inadequately endowed .
" It is obvious , " say the commissioners , " that the advowsons of benefices of this description can have no value , as patronage , in the ordinary sense of the word . It is difficult to find persons willing to undertake the charge of cures which entail more than the responsibility , but yield less than the salary , of a curacy . Speaking generally , they are not , and cannot be , sufficiently served , and the spiritual interests of their population are almost necessarily neglected . We are of opinion that far the
these evils might be greatly diminished , so as benefices in the gift of the Lord Chancellor are concerned , by offering the right of presentation to persons interested in the welfare of the population resident -within these cures , on the condition that the whole purchase-money ; or so much of it as would suffice to raise the annual value of the benefice to £ 200 , should be applied to that purpose . This additional endowment would , of course , increase the value of the advowson , and the sum which would be given for it . "
By these means the commissioners anticipate that sums considerably exceeding the market value of these poor livings might be obtained , and added to their respective endowments : — " And if the example so set were , as is not improbable , to be followed to the extent of selling the next presentation by public bodies and private patrons , a vast number of parishes now almost without religious instruction for want of an adequate endowment might be brought within the regular ministrations of the church . howeverof this would
" The direct effect , , proposal he to place nearly 330 cures of souls now in the gift of the Lord Chancellor , but which are almost useless for spiritual purposes from the insufficiency of their endovynient , on a footing to secure to the people resident within their limits all the advantages to be derived from the ministrations of a resident pastor . " With respect to the remaining 447 benefices , which vary from £ 200 to £ 1207 in value , the report recommends that so many of them should be sold by prithe
vate contract as might bo necessary to produce million sterling wanted for the erection of the 600 new churches , for which the commissioners are anxious to provide ; tho rest they are willing to leave at the disposal of tho Great Seal . Amp le funds for the endowment of the new parishes thus created might , they think , be eventually derived from the method of dealing with Church leasehold property which is recommended by the Episcopal and Capitular Revenues Commission in their recently published report .
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LABOURERS AND THE LABOUR MARKET . The information wo have collected this week relates chielly to the condition of the manufacturing operatives , which , we arc glad to see , has considerably improved , whatever Lord Wilton may say to the contrary . Wo uro still at a loss , however , for precise information volaling to tho condition of the agricultural labourers in many parts of England . Wo should like to obtain a few particulars relating to the wnjros thuyrociuvi ? now , and also what they wore " whon food was iifty per cent , dearer than it is at prosent . An : none of tho Protectionist journals throughout the kingdom ublo to supply accurate information on those points ? In Munca Fen the farmers have lately tried to reduce labourers' wages to Is . Od . per day , and the men refused
to work ; but their wives agreed to do the work , hoeing wheat and other growing crops , at lOd . per day . A . party of Irishmen came in the neighbourhood and offered to work for 9 d . per day , and the women , refusing to accept less than 10 d ., were turned off , and the Irishmen set on . —Lincolnshire Chronicle . The Stamford Mercury has put forth a very erroneous statement , to the effect that the labourers of this district are well employed at 10 s . per week . We wonder that any paper should so misrepresent the present state of the labourers of the Spalding district . So far from this being the case , numbers are without any employment constant work few
whatever , and of those in , very , indeed , are getting 10 s ., the majority 7 s . and 8 s . This has been ascertained , not from a mere cursory examination of the subject , but by the united testimony of many , both farmers and labourers . One farmer , when questioned upon the subject , said , " three men applied to me yesterday for work , and said they had been several weeks without any employment , excepting a few odd jobs ; another , " I think 10 s . much too high to be stated as an average , very few of my neighbours give more than 9 s ., and many not so much . A great many labourers are without employment . "—Ibid . mills continue full time
In Macclesfield the working , with the exepption of one or two , which have stopped entirely for the present , owing to the relative prices of raw and thrown silks not leaving a sufficient margin to meet wages and expenses . —Manchester Guardian . Hand-loom weaving is moderately brisk throughout Lancashire . The greatest portion of work manufactured in this district consists of fine cotton warp and worsted weft . The weavers are in considerably better circumstances than they were two years ago . —Ibid . The export demand continues brisk , and , under the impression that wools and yarns are at the lowest , some contracts have been offered in the market for the autumn home trade . In the lower kinds of hose , straightdowns , &c , there are no stocks on hand , and full employment is general . —Leicester Mercury . ... .
, „„ ,, T- ; e Iron Thade .-Trade in the South Staffordshire district continues as dormant as it has been for several months past , with little or no prospect of improvement . The fire-brick trade is also very much depressed , owing in a great measure to the bad state of the iron trade . Many nail-makers are perambulating the streets and neighbourhood of Dudley , Stourbridge , and Netherton , in consequence of the strike to keep up the wages . It appears , from a list of the money-paying and tommyshop masters and factors in the nail trade in the neighbourhood of Dudley , that out of the eighty-eight nail masters and factors , fifty-eight are tommy or truck dealers , and thirty only pay their workmen in cash !—Worcester Chronicle . _ .
The Woollen Trade . —Such is the continued improvement in all the branches of trade in Leeds , that the working population are well employed , and in consequence of the cheapness and abundance of the chief necessaries of life , they are , generally speaking , in possession of more substantial comforts than they have enjoyed for many years past . The woollen cloth trade , one of the staple trades of the district , has not been in a more healthy state for the last ten years . The manufacturers , and
dyers , and cloth dressers are regularly fully employed , the demand for goods being regular and steady , and not fitful and uncertain as heretofore . The cloth halls , instead of being at one time glutted and overcrowded with goods , and at another time emptied as fast as supplied , are now kept moderately stocked . During the last fortnight there have been many strikes At the cloth dressing mills , arising out of a demand for higher wages , and in every instance the advance has been acceded to by the employers . of Leeds
At the half-yearly meeting of the overseers , on Wednesday last , for the purpose of laying a poors ' - rate for the ensuing six months , it was determined to call for no higher rate than one of Is . 4 d . in the pound —being exactly one-half the amount levied during the five or six half-years preceding the last . Such a fact speaks loudly of the improved condition of our industrious classes , and the readiness with which they seize upon the first opportunity to emerge from a state of pauperism to the condition of independent workmen . From an official table we find that in May , 1848 , there were 34 . 030 out-door paupers relieved , at a cost of £ 2260 17 s . 9 d . ; in May , 1849 , they decreased to 23 , 530 , ot the
at an outlay of £ 1675 Ills . 3 d . ; while in May present year , the out-door paupers were less than one-half the number relieved in the first-named period , being 16 , 745 , and the sum expended in their relief was £ U 86 1 s . 5 d . —Leeds Times . The turn-out at Unsworth has terminated , and the hands have the same wages promised as they had previous to the strike . The operatives at six mills at Heywood yet remain out . The turn-outs , to the number of about 1000 , continue to hold meetings . On Monday afternoon they walked in procession to Unsworth and Whitfield , holding a meeting at the former place . —Manchester Examiner . .
_ . _ The Niobdlr Thade . —The trade of Itedditch is in a most flourishing condition at present , especially in the common descriptions of goods—an article for some time considered as all but lost to the town . The stampers and other classes of workpeople have , we hear , demanded and obtained a very considerable advance in their prices . At Alceslcr , where these artisans chiefly reside , it is with tho greatest difficulty , even with the promise of advanced prices , that parties can be engaged to
undertake a given amount of work , where , twelvo months ago , almost any quantity could have been produced at a short notice . Idany large orders havo been necessarily declined by the manufacturers at Itedditch , from inability to complete them in time . — Worcester Chronicle . Wo arc sorry to say that , the nailers are again on strike in the neighbourhood of Dudley . A meeting was held on Wednesday , attended by several hundred persons . We hear , however , that thero is ft probability of an amicable
arrangement being come to between masters and men ,, and that work will shortly be resumed . —Birmingham Mercury . In the township of Monkwearmouth Shore , which for the pressure of local taxation is in this neighbourhood inferior only to the parish of Sunderland , the rate for the relief of the poor this present quarter is only fifteen pence in the pound , being the lowest rate which has been levied ever since ships , stock in trade , and other personal estate ceased , some years ago , to be rateable . In the days of high-priced food rates of one-and-ninepence , two shillings , half-a-crown , and upwards , used to be disagreeably familiar . To what , except the blessings of cheapness and plenty , can we attribute this gratifying reduction , speaking as it does volumes for the increased comfort and prosperity of the poorer classes ?~ Su ? iderland Herald .
The sewed muslin trade has made rapid strides westward . There are many villages of Donegal and Sligo , where , two years ago , that employment was only known by name , and scarcely even that , where now there are two , three , or four agents for rival houses , giving out the muslin for the poor girls to work on . Several respectable persons at Longford are very anxious to have the trade introduced there , as there is a great want of employment among the young girls . — Northern Whig .
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THE SERPENTINE . A deputation , consisting of Dr . Copeland , Dr . Wilson , Dr . Tilt , Dr . Woolley , and Mr . Letwall , waited on Lord Seymour , on Saturday , to discuss the present condition of the Serpentine . They complained that , notwithstanding the promises given that effectual measures would be taken to render the Serpentine salubrious , it is now in as bad a condition as ever . The supply of water is not sufficient to
maintain the loss by evaporation ; and , should the summer prove hot and dry , the exhalations from the stagnant water will be most injurious to health . Dr . Woolley , as medical officer to the Royal Humane Society , suggested the importance of doing something to render bathing in the Serpentine less dangerous . Every year several persons lose their lives in it . If bathing is to be allowed there , means should be taken to make it both salubrious and safe . Mr .
Letwall urged the importance of increasing the supply of water , so as to cause a constant flow over the cascade at the eastern bridge , and thus carry off the filth now floating on the surface . He was told hat the Chelsea Water-works Company had offered to supply four times the present quantity of water , at only twice the present cost . Lord Seymour agreed that there ought to be a constant stream passing through the Serpentine . The
only question was as to the best mode of obtaining the increased supply of water . The falling-off of the supply lately , which had been complained of , was owing to the Artesian well at the Orange-street works being out of order . No time , however , should be lost in procuring the requisite supply of water . As to the cleansing of the Serpentine , and making it more sate for bathers , that must be deferred till tho exhibition of 1851 has taken place .
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MR . COBDEN AND MR . GARBETT . The following correspondence appears in the Times of Monday : —
" TO THE EDITOlt OP THE TIMES . " Sik , —I shall be obliged by your publishing tho following letters . Public men are liable , on public grounds , to be led into a correspondence with persons of infamous character , and such is my present case . One of the most artful devices by which such characters endeavour to escape public exposure is by trying to fasten upon their correspondents the odium of a previous acquaintanceship . I need hardly add that the stories in the accompanying letter are all pure inventions , and that I am prepared to answer the queries in my own letter in the affirmative ; and " I remain , Sir , your obedient servant , " HlCHAltD COBDEX . " 103 , Westbourn-terrace , June 8 . "
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" MR . COBDEN TO MR . GAIUIETT . 103 , Westbourne-terrace , June 3 . » Sir , —Before I notice your allegations in defence of the character of your friend Captain Aaron Smith , I must request an answer to the following questions : — " 1 . Are you the Edmund Garbett ( formerly of Wellington , Shropshire ) , who was last year struck off the rolls for having been implicated in a case of perjury in an affidavit of costs ? , . _ , ,,,, _ " 2 . Are you the Edmund Garbett who in May , Ibl 7 , was convicted of forgery at thelOld Bailey , and sentenced , to transportation , but was set at liberty on a technical point of law reserved for the decision of the judges ? " I am , sir , your obedient servant , " Mr . E Garbett . " Richard Cobijen . "
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" Jill , GAUBKTT TO Mil . COHDEX . 11 Ilfitton-hall , near Market Dray ton , June 7 . « sir Yours of the 3 rd has been forwarded to me hero . In your last you pledged yourself , if I proved your statements to be untrue , you would render my friend Captain Aaron Smith justice in your place in Parliament . " After five days' consideration , you try to shelter yourself under a paltry subterfuge , Your conduct shows
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270 ®!> £ 3 Le&itet . [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), June 15, 1850, page 270, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1842/page/6/
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