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TO TK AUMKB OF TJ.K HOLY ALLIANCK °* Alllti Jv^Gb.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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This page is accorded to an authentic Exposition of the Opinions and Acts of the Democracy of Europe : as such we do not impose any restraint on the utterance of opinion , and . therefore , limit our own responsibility to the authenticity of the statement .
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"We presumed , some weeks ago , when everything seemed threatening instant collision between the troops of Prussia and Austria , to prophesy that there would be , as yet at least , no serious war between them ; and we placed before our readers an address of the Central European Democratic Committee to the Germans , which was based upon the same view . We stated that , however the councils or the personal desires of the king of Prussia might appear from day to day to be leading to the brink of war ,
¦ we still believed that the common danger of democracy would reunite in a new " holy alliance" the despots of various shades of Prussia , Austria , and Russia . The ultimate drift , if not the deliberate purpose of all these negotiations and armaments of which our press , for the most part , seemed to have no suspicion at the time , is now beginning to be clear . "We can now quote high Prussian and Austrian authority for the motives which we exposed by anticipation , and which , are now beginning to be confessed .
Baron Seidlitz , an eminent member of the ultra-conservative party in Prussia , has recently addressed a letter to the editor of the Neue Preussische Zeitung , a leading organ of his own party , in which he protests against the policy which that journal upholds in , foreign questions . He regrets that its praiseworthy animosity against the democratic tendencies of the age should have blinded it to the consideration which Prussia is entitled to demand rom foreign countries , and that , "for the purpose of an Austrian alliance , against the Democrats" it should volunteer all sacrifices and submit to all humiliation . "We derive this information from the Times of Monday last , the 9 th instant . From the same paper of the next day we quote the following Austrian view of the motives of the present Austro-Prussian negotiations : —
The following description of the negotiations at Olmutz is given by an Austrian authority , and may be compared with the details already published on Prussian authority : — " S 0071 after the opening of the conference the negotiators agreed that the question of the preservation oj order against the revolution , still burning under the ashes in almost the whole of Europe , was the first and most important . All the information and opinions on this subject exchanged during the consultation led to a decision that , against this common enemy , the xmited power o f Axtstria , Prussia , and Russia must be opposed . This resolution , which includes the maintenance of treaties
and the old alliance , was the basis of the negotiations as to the future organization of Germany , and the two questions subordinate to it , namely , those of Hesse and Holstein . As to the organization of Germany , it was stated that the indispensable modifications of the Act of Confederation of 1815 , consistent with its continuance , had already been accepted . The form and mode in which these alterations should be carried out would be settled by the Diet of the Confederation itself ; but the actual recognition of the present Frankfort Assembly by Prussia , as the existing organ of the Bund , was not required ; it was for the present renounced till a
settlement of the Hessian and Holstein questions should have been effected . The discussions on these two points were , if not the most important , the warmest of the conference . M . Von ManteufFel on these two points defended the honour of Prussia in the strongest manner , yet after an admission of the premises it was easy to perceive that he was more anxious to s ecure an honourable retreat than a victory . Prince Schwarzenburg took his stand on treaties , and contended that they could only be upheld by Prussia withdrawing from Hesse and remaining neutral , or by her acting in concert with the troops of the Bund . M . Von Meyendorf interfered as mediator , and brought both powers to an agreement on a middle course . "
The address , which we subjoin , from the Central European Democratic Committee to the armies of the Holy Alliance , " follows appropriately upon these considerations . We must , indeed , begin to speak more at length upon the question of Democracy in Germany ; for our principal attention has hitherto been bestowed upon Italy and her National and Democratic party . The history of that pnrty is as simple ns its cause is true . The German question is obviously and necessarily much more complicated in its history and development . A German Democratic Central Commit tee" and a
"Committee of Young Austria " are now publicly announced as having given in their adhesion and as being in correspondence with trie Central European Committee . Of their constitution , of their action , of the names of their leading members , it is clear that scarcely anything can , under existing circumstances , be publicly said . And in entering upon the questions with which they deal , which we may probably do to some extent next week , what we shall have to say will rather concern the rise and progress of the Groat German Democratic Party and of its principles than the present doings of any of its organized constituent members .
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POLISH REFUGEES . [ We are requested to insert the following : —] TO THE DEMOCRATS OF ENGLAND . Twenty-six refugees , who confide in the integrity of the old committee , are at the present time in a state of utter destitution ;* The committee , having expended all the funds at their disposal , feel justified ; in stating that these unfortunate exiles possess a strong claim upon the sympathies of all who desire the emancipation of the human family , they having fought in the Hungarian campaign under the lion-hearted warriors and leaders , KLossuth , Bern , Dembinski , and Guyon , up to the betrayal of the noble Hungarian struggle by the treacherous General Georgy . During their sojourn on our hospitable shores they have worked at slipper making , and other humble occupations , and when at work would not receive a fraction
from the funds ; but at the present time , work having failed , are without the means of earning their subsistence . The committee therefore trust that this appeal to the Proletarian classes will be heartily responded to . Our Polish friends receive 6 d . a-day , out of which they have to pay 3 d . for their lodgings . They are desirous to obtain employment , and would be glad to receive intelligence of any labour to perform . A charge having been made against the committee that they at the Cowper-street meeting , fearing a disturbance from certain Polish men from Turnmill-street , engaged a number of policemen . The committee , in answer , beg to state that they never agreed to nor sanctioned at any of their committee-meetings any police interference . They , therefore , altogether repudiate the charge . _ _ _
Subscriptions and communications received by A . E . De la Force , secretary to the Metropolitan Trades , 10 , Worth-sq ., Portland-place , Globe-lane , Mile-end ; It . H . Bloomfield , secretary to the Whittington and City locality , Church-row , Bethnal-green ; S . Reynolds , secretary to the Crown and Anchor locality , Waterloo-town , Bethnalgreen ; H . Styles , secretary to the East London Scientific Institution , 11 , Nelson-street , Hackney-road ; J . E . Moring , City locality , 26 , Golden-lane , Barbican ; J . Arnott , secretary to the National Charter Association , 14 , Southampton-street , Strand ; Captain Rota Bartochowski , 39 , Upper Norton-street , Portland-place ; Leader Office , Crane-court , Fleet-street ; and T . Furgusson , 3 , Gay's-buildings , Elizabeth-street , Hackneyroadsecretary to the Polish committee .
, Signed on behalf of the committee : —William Davis , J . J . Bezek , J . I . Brisck , Sub-committee .
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ICARIAN COMMUNISM . Dec . 3 , 1850 . Sir , —Permit me to claim a small space in your columns for a brief account of the principles of Icarian communism , and the history of the sect , including the emigration to Nauvoo , formerly the city of the Mormons , in the state of Illinois , United States , America . Icarian Communism can surely never have had a champion in England devoted heart and hand to its cause , or one would think it must have become more known , and have numbered more and more influential adherents .
Its fundamental principle is , that the social evils which afflict mankind spring from the system of inequality in condition , and that , therefore , the proper remedy is to adopt a regimen of equality . Its device is : Liberty , Equality , Fraternity , Solidarity , and all their legitimate consequences . Its motto : We are all brethren ! and , Each for all , all for each ; To every one according to his wants , from everyone according to his capacity . It is from these principles , founded upon the Christian morals , * that the Icarians deduce their system of community . . . The infinitesimal division of the soil , the isolation of individual workmen , or the negation of that division of labour by which so much is now accomp lished ,
and other probable consequences of a regime ot equality , combined ( supposing it possible ) with the individualism involved in the politico-economical doctrines now prevalent , would be highly disastrous in a material point of view . It is the foreseeing of this which leads men to predict that a system of equality rmu = t needs become an equality in misery--a pulling down of those who are now raised to the level of the lowest , while the aim of all reform should be to elevate the depressed without diminishing the happiness and well-being of any . _ Hence , in developing his system of equality , Ju . Cabet did not lose sight of the necessity of retaining ? Sco " L « Vrai Christinnismu suivant Jesus Christ , " of M Cabot , a work of great research and of singular interest .
To Tk Aumkb Of Tj.K Holy Allianck °* Alllti Jv^Gb.
now animates the serfs of Ukrania , as well as the pariahs of "western civilization ; they hope , by awaking in you the murderous instincts of combat , to postpone indefinitely the reign of human brotherhood . Soldiers ! will you consent to this ? Count yourselves , and count them . How many are they , emperors and kings , valets and accomplices ? At best a few thousands . Your want of union only makes their strength . Observe this Monarch who , placing his will above eternal reason , believes himself a god upon earth , because he leads , like a vile herd , sixty millions of men , his equals before humanity . What would become of the power of which he is so proud , if these men remembered that some of them owe the sacrifice of their blood to the resurrection of heroic Poland , the martyr nation , the others to the moral reestablishment of their race , all to
fraduty ; and yet they were not called upon , like you , to shed their brethren ' s blood . Soldiers of the Holy Alliance ! forget it not : your enemies are in the palaces of kings . Know how to will " and the guilty projects of Absolutism will only have served to found the liberty of all the Peoples , the universal Republic ! Ledrit Rolmbt , A . Darasz , Delegate of the Polish Democratic Centralization . Joseph Mazzini , Arnold Ruge , Ex-Member of the Constituent Assembly of Frankfort
ternity and independence ? And the first of his vassals , this Emperor of Austria , but yesterday a child , who has steeped his crown in blood at Vienna as at Pesth , at Milan as at 'Venice and Brescia , could he reign a day , an hour , if each of you , Poles , Italians , Hungarians , Austrians , betook yourselves to your own banner , the true banner of honour . We know that they have taken care purposely to distance you from your own hearths . It is Hungary which is employed to keep down Italy ; Austria watches disarmed Hungary ; Italians s tand opposed to Germans , and Poland , who feeds the armies of all her three oppressors , is banished to Siberia and the Caucasus .
They hope , by these means , to take you from the memories of home and childhood ; they intend , by these means , to turn to advantage your old animosities , your prejudices , that the despots have nourished , and to assure the servitude of all by all . But , as if an invisible hand impelled your tyrants to unite you , you are now to be separated only by the fires of the bivouac . You can—you ought , then , to baffle their Machiavellian combinations . Both country and humanity demand it ; for there is but one duty for men as for peoples , for soldiers as for citizens , let them groan under foreign oppression , or oppressed at home themselveslet them be made instruments of oppression abroad—and this duty is to be free and to love each other .
Be , then , brothers , all you who carry with the weight of military servitude the memories of a captive country . Were you of races formerly hostile , communing in hatred of tyranny , in the love of liberty , you ought to unite against the common enemy . Let hands join , let hearts understand each other , that , from the detachment to the battalion , from the tent to the camp , a mysterious and sympathetic network may be extended , and soon the army of Despotism will be the army of 1 / iberty . But if , through isolation or the unpitying severities of discipline thwarting your efforts , you are not able to organize revolution in the camps—a revolt in broad daydesert without fear , one by one , ten by ten . "What matter ? But , above all , do not desert without arms , for they will be needful to conquer your independence .
Let not the shame that the teachings of passive obedience attach to those who violate the military oath stop you . Soldiers of country and humanity know you when you desert . It is when you enchain your reason and your courage to the orders of an iniquitous idea . But to break engagements imposed by force , sanctioned by falsehood , is , on the contrary , to return to the true banner of honour . If insurrection on a large scale , if desertion in masses be impossible for you , then die martyrs rather than strike down those who are called your enemies and who are your brothers . History will record your names and honour your obscurer devotion equally with the most brilliant deeds .
German soldiers!—you who ought to have but one object , that of creating the great Germanic country , — will you go to serve the cause of the Kings , to betray your common parent ? Remember that , conquerors or conquered , slavery awaits you . Ought generous Germany to have armed all her children in vain ? Oh ! doubtless those who , so long bent beneath the military yoke , have forgotten home and country to make themselves the blind tools of tyranny , preserve the heart cold and the hand firm to hurl death at the beck of a barbarian despot . But to-day the entire nation is rising in manly inspiration with its invincible horror of slavery . There we find , again , the noble youth who , at Vienna , at Berlin , at Stuttgard , at Baden , at Rastadt , combated for liberty . Can the homicidal traditions of the barrack prevail against the magnanimous inspirations of so many free arid valiant hearts ?
We find there again the glorious remnants of the phalanxes of Hungary and Poland , the sons of unhappy Italy . Soldiers of liberty ! will you strike down it 3 martyrs ? Ah 1 rather let the holy conspiracy that we preach to all soldiers united under the same banner be organized from one camp to the other ! Let the ranks mingle , and let one loud cry of enfranchisement be raised from all these hearts united in fraternity ! And you , soldiers of the Prussian landwehr ! would you trust yourselves to this King who has ten times been traitor to his oaths , after having kneeled before the revolution when triumphant , after having saluted with
uncovered ht'iid the corpses of the people who had fallen under the balls of his satellites ? No , no . The sentence is pronounced against him and his race ; its execution will not bo long delayed . Have not he and his always leagued themselves with the Russian despot , as they are now doing You hold in your hands the destinies of Germany ! Then lay not down your arms until the Republic is proclaimed . Remtmbtr then , all , soldiers of the Holy Alliance of the Kings ! rememb er the sublime example so lately given by the Hessian army , where no officer could be found to constrain the legitimate resistance of a People strong in its right . May you remember it ; each of them broke his sword , in order not to be wanting in his civic
TO T 11 K AliMIKS OF TI 1 K HOLY ALLIANCE OF T 11 K KINGS . Soldiers!—The tyrants who oppress you raise anew the standard of urout wars . L'owerloss to defend their iespotibin against tho propaganda of ideas and of rights , they desire yet another timo to make an appeal to the ' ratiicridul policy of buttle * . Their pretexts you know ; behold their object . They hone to drown in blood the spirit of liberty which
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896 UttlS fteatlrer . [ Saturday ,
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AND ITS OFFICIAL ACTS .
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 14, 1850, page 896, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1862/page/8/
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