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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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— In fa have been concluded for conveying A rrangements nave ^ een Vienna and its 10 ^ JJ ^™ Ctt& **™* to England ; and neig hbo urhood to ^ a , hag fc 8 ubmltted t 0 f . ffih S . sttr « T Railway ' Coinpaily , td complete the * K - nf oom munioation to London , The agreement is S "« o ? les 8 ° 10 , 000 persons , and thi 8 frdm one mefnnlis nearly 1000 miles off . The arrangement which ? ° Wn made with the continental railway companies hfthe AusTl an Ooternmfefl ' t is liberal dtt both sides . by 4 nmherof lives were lost on the Mississippi , near wVorTean s on the 13 th ultimo , by the explosion of New Orleans on t gh w 4- on ft piea 8 Ure excur-^ Z th a t , arty oToV er 100 peMGfis dn board , including slOn , with a- par ^ y o ^ p ^^ re table citizens Sew OrVean " Among the sufferers are several mem-Z ? a of the New Orleans ' ffefis . f . . __ _
We Panama Bailroaa uompany are oouecung maw-. 7 j ioK « . ir « rs > with a view to commence operations nals and labourers ^ witn ^ ^ ^^ a S c ° ? and engSeers , have gone out from the United officers ana eng ud ' fen w tn tiinbef and other materials fre leaving Siit Lily . No 1 ** than twenty-eight sail comprTs n | Vessels of all classes , have left for the general S 3 of the company at Navy Bay , and si * eteara pile-^ Anvices frdto Jamaica , of the 12 th of OecembeT , Iriffirin US that the dhdlera had most singularly declined in Port Royal and St . Catherine ' s , 1 ft Kingston ft few cases only remained ,, but in the provinces tne disease resets
was spreading , and wan very many ; »« u . The latest intelligence from California is sad enough . The cholera had been making fearful ravages In the lhinterior The deaths at Sacraraentd city lot Six weeks , previous to the 14 th of November * were about eighty a-day Four men were daily employed ih digging graves , and at night thirteen corpsea remained unburied . The nonulation , in consequence of the deaths and flight of the inhabitants , was fedtided from 15 , 000 to 1500 .
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The Ministerial papers * ay that the quarter ' s ferenufc will show a very trifling decrease—if any—when compared with the corresponding quarter of last year , riotwith * standing the reductions made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer . The brick duties— £ 700 , 000 a-year—were abandoned , and yet the Excise is said to be so prosperous in the other items , as scafoely to miss the total ldss ih this . The stamps , although greatly reduced , will not exhibit the signs of that reduction in full in the present quarter , since a great encrease of business , which wa s kept back for the change , will probably show its effect upon the present quarter , which to its full extent cannot be hoped for again . The Customs fluctuate , but are said to show well in spite of the great reductions that hare taken place . It was stated some time since that Government had
directed the grounds and gardens at Chelsea Hospital , which had hitherto been kept exclusively for the use of the officers of the College , to be thrown open for the benefit of the public . Accordingly , on the first of January , the gardens , including those with the terrace fronting the River Thames , were opened for the recreation of all visitors , It is to be hoped that , in addition to thia privilege , arrangements will be made for admitting the public to view the royal chapel and pensioners' dininghall , in which are deposited the flags captured in the Pe ninsula and at Waterloo , without Continuing the practice of exacting fees .
A number of workmen commenced pulling down the railings and the lodge at Cumberland-gate , the entrance to Hyde-park from the top of Oxford street , last week . At the same time they began building a smith ' s forge and workshop , together with sheds for the accommodation of bricklayers and masons . It is stated to be the intention to erect the marble arch which had been taken from the front of Buckingham Palace upon thi 9 site . The British Museum closed on Tuesday afternoon for the purpose of cleansing , &c , and will be reopened to the public on Wednesday next . During the recess the workmen have been actively engaged in constructing a permanent roof to the new House of Commons . When the Mew house was first occupied by members , neither the members nor reporters « - <> uU hear distinctly what was said , and in consequence Mr . Barry constructed severul temporary roofs to overcome the difficulty , the last of which was found to answer
very veil . Before the prorogation of Parliament , Mr . Jiarry uad determined on making a permanent roof , after the temporary model which had been found to answer , and that permanent roof is now almost finished . It rises irom the middle of the windows with a high pitch to "early the height which the first permanent roof was , j "Kl prcHj ntu a light and elegant appearance , in perfect keeping with the other portions of the building . On tMcli Hide of the house new gallerieu and diviHion lobbies « ie prepanng , and a handsome and elegant waiting-room ih nt nig up m the cloisters . The now house is permanently to ue taken possession of when the house meets alter the Easter recess , and Will , It Is affirmed , be found i <> answer satisfactoril y . Sevefal important alterations » r « uei ,, K made in the approaches to the house , which , w » e » tii . iNhed , will contribute to tho comfort und confluence of members , and give a pleasing and finished "IMK'nranee to the Commons portion of the New Palace
. he e untoin of punning tho last hour of the expiring '' " . "' "ongrepatioiial devotion Was observed on Tuesday J « 'uu > lvtall the principal Wealeyan chapels in London , i « i . V # w overflowing . Tho superintendent ill ' * ! # « i Hke circuita - who generally conducted tho , vo nonfl , delivered addresses on the occurrences of the - " ¦ year ) and just before twelve the assembled oongre-K- oi . a knelt in prayer , until the stroke of a clock an * in m , i . nOw P eritwl of life 8 lld h ° P B had oonJT I •" » vyhon all , rising , joined iu u hymn of praise . in . l > n V ; Uce huH ° f l ^ e y * - « irs been adopted by other de-» "nations , and was observed on Tuesday night in aomo 1 ) 1 the metropolitan churches .
On New Year ' s-eVe the Society of Fraternal Democrats held their annual festival in John-street , Flizfoysquare , Mr . Harney in the chair . '* The Sovereignty of the People and the Fraternity of Nations" was spoken to by GK J . Holyoake ; '' Our Democratic Brethren of all Countries , " by W . D . Iluffey ; " The Martyrs of Democracy / 1 by John Pdttie ; and " The Democratic Journal * , " by J . D . Collet . The tea party and speeches were followed by A ball in the hall and a concert in the coffee-room . Explanations of absence Were received from Louis Blanc , Ledm Bollin , and Thornton Hunt .
The Turnmill'Street Refugees received a hamper from the Southampton Democrats the other day , containing a supply of clothing , coffee , sugar , and tobacco , which was immediately divided among fifty-seven of their number with the greatest fairness , and with a warta expression of thanks to those of their brethren who at this festive season have sympathized with their distressed position . The Income-Tax Commissioners for the Yedvil division having applied to the Bdard of Inland Revenue , to ascertain Whether they ought to make any reduction in the " amount of income-tax assessed on tenant-farmers in cases where their rents had been reduced , the Board replies that , in all cases where there had been a bond fide reduction of rent , there ought to be a reduction of the income-tax in the same relative proportion . The tax must be assessed on the net amount of rent for which the tenant is really liable , and not on the nominal amount at
which the farm is rented . The last trip of the Royal Mail steam-ship Asia was the quickest one ever made between New York and Liverpool . Her run of last summer to the Mersey , on which occasion she steamed past the Rock Lighthouse at midnight on the Saturday , had previously stood unrivallad , being one hour and twenty minutes less than the finest passage of the United States' mail-steamer Atlantic . Her passage , according to mean time , and deductingforty-five minutes lost off New York repairing floats , may be recorded as ten days four hours and five minutes , or two hours and fifty-five minutes less than her faste&t summer passage , four hours and fifteen minutes less than the United States' mail-steamer's fastest passage eastward , and about five hours and twenty minutes less than the remarkable summer run of the Pacific out to New York .
The Manchester Examiner contains an interesting article upon the Chevalier Clausen ' s experiments , with a view to substitute flax for cotton . Messrs . Bright and Brothers , of Rochdale , having placed as much of their machinery at his disposal as Was requisite to give his plans a fair trial , the result is that a mixture of flax and cotton in equal proportions can be spun into yaru of very good quality . As regards comparative cost , that depends upon the future price of cotton . If it remain at its present price , the difference in favour of flax is great enough to make it worth while to use it extensively . Mr . Cobden , in a speech he made at the Athenseum
soiree last week , urged the members to petition for the repeal of the taxes on knowledge , which he represented as a very serious deduction from the educational resources of such institutions . "I believe , " said he , "it has been said that one copy of the Times contains more useful information than the whole of the historical works of Thucydides ; and I am very much inclined to think that to an Englishman or an American of the present day that is strictly true . " Colonial prizes of £ 200 are offered to the working men of Great Britain and Ireland for essays on the following question : — of
" Whether does a nolt ^ y centralizing manufacturing arts in Great Britain , or one of diffusing' them through the colonies , offer the greater advantages to the working' people of the BritiBh Isles ; and is such diffusion more likely to be attained by a system of Colonial l ' rotection or by one of Free Trade I—meaning by ' Colonial Protection' that the colony should protect itH infant manufactures , whether or not Protection , an a principle , is found to suit the circumstances of the mother country . " The prizes are eight in number , viz .: — £ 75 for the best essay on the above subject , £ 50 for the second best , and for the next six in order of merit , £ 30 , £ 20 , £ 10 , £ 5 , £ 5 , £ 5—in all , £ 200 . This sum has been lodged in the Bank of Scotland for the purpose , and Hugh Tennent , Esq ., of Wellpark , William Campbell , . Esq ., of Tilliuhewan , and Bailie Mitchell , of Glasgow , have undertaken to act aa judges .
A younp ; lady took a ticket by a railway train from Brentwood to town the other day , and on seating herself in that compartment of a carriage where , as the panel proclaims , there is no entry for man , she discovered opposite her a singular looking personage arrayed in paletot , with sletves of extra length ami width , through which had been thrust a pair of rather ponderous hands , concealed beneath good cashrnore . A cloth cloak bueriuined Within covered the knees of the inyNterious being , und Was shared with a female friend in front , indeed , a corner w «' m politely proffered the young lady , but refused ; and meditating much on her strange companion , she jourtieyed on fier way . One lurking suxpicii n in her mind was , that the owner of tho cloak and of tho . large handu in cashmero gloves was of the gender forbidden iu that coupe '—u suspicion which was not at all weakened when » ho afterwards found her purse , with all its Christmus cash had flown from th « i pocket of her dress about the prriod she parted with tho strungi-rs .
The Carlisle Patriot states that Messrs Dixon , of llmt town , have reduced the wagon of their hunllooiu wearoi'H ten per cent . The mune paper also stales that the Glasgow manufactUMirH have reduced the wages of their workpeople one halfpenny per ell . In Curlislu u weaver iniist work very hard , it is said , in order to reulize Cm . a-week . The family of Mr . . fohn Bobby , the proprietor of tho ( Jock Tavern , in XiOadeuhull-sliect , (> ity , wan greatly terrified on Sunday owing to a loud explosion cuuxed l > y an nncape of gas on the premises , which was attended with considerable damage . Fortunately no one wan hurt . An old man , named John Bicknall , residing in Whitu Lton-atrcet , who hus been out of work for bonie timo .
died of starvation last week , An inquest waa held on the body on Saturday , when the jury returned a verdict that he died from exhaustion caused by the want of the common necessaries of life , and censured the parish surgeon , who had been called in when the man was dying , for not acting with sufficient promptitude . A shocking accident occurred at the erection for the Grand Exhibition of 1851 on Saturday morning . One of the men , named Smith , while at work at one of the gutters by some misfortune , fell to , the ground , between fifty and sixty feet below . He was picked up in a senseless state , and conveyed to St . George ' s Hospital , where it was discovered that both his legs were fractured ; and his head having come in contact with a projection of the iron work , the ball of his eye was smashed ; but notwithstanding these and other injuries , great hopes are entertained of his recovery .
Ephraim and George Godbolt , builders and carpenters , College-walk , Chelsea , were made bankrupts on Thursday week , for a debt due to Mr . Joseph Lambert , merchant , of Pimlico-wharf . Notices of adjudication were served upon the bankrupts on Friday evening . The bankrupt , Ephraim Godbolt , had previously laboured under ill health ; and the fact of having been made a bankrupt , produced such a shock upon the nervous system , that he expired in a state of raving madness on Saturday morning . A young chimney-sweep , aged eleven years , named Stephen Radcliffe , was suffocated in a boiler flue , at Manchester , last week , owing to the carelessness on the part of the engineer , who shut the damper , and thus prevented sufficient ventilation .
A lad named William Wren was charged , before the magistrates , at Southampton , on Saturday , with attempting to murder the family of Mr . Clarrage , a gentleman residing at Millbrook , by mixing poison in some milk , which he was entrusted to take round . It appeared that the milk was observed to be of a bluer cast than usual , whioh induced Mrs . Clarrage to send it back by Wren , and she told him to enquire whether skim milk had not been sent instead of new . He returned soon afterwards , and said the milk was quite fresh . Something was found floating on the surface , and the lad appearing confused , he was given into custody . On the way he dropped a piece of paper , on which was written the word " Poison . " The poison , it was subsequently found , had been mixed in the milk ; and , from the fact of its being required to make a pudding , the whole family bad evidently had a narrow escape . The prisoner was remanded .
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At the weekly meeting of the Repeal Association on Monday , Mr . John O'Connell said that , if , on the assembling of Parliament in February , the Queen ' s speech should contain any indication on the part of the Government to propose any penal enactments affecting Roman Catholics , either in England or Ireland , he should feel it his duty , if he stood alone , to move an amendment to the address . The Reverend Father Gilligan said that , if matters came to be decided by blows , he could count to his own share of combatants 150 , 000 Catholics from the
ranks of the British army , besides the various phalanxes he could call to his aid from Spain , Portugal , France , Austria , Belgium , and America ; bur , be this as it might , there was one thing he was resolved upon , and no mistake—never to pull bridle for stop or stay until he tumbled to the ground " that horrible and crushing tyranny —the Protestant Church of England . " Mr . O'Connell announced the week ' s rent to be £ 8 6 s . fid ., and said that it would be necessary to change the day of the association meeting , in conseqeunce of his resolve to attend
Parliament . It is understood that thirty-nine of the Irish members have already signed the declaration pledging themselves to resist any legislative enactment for limiting the privileges at present enjoyed by the Roman Catholics , and it is expected that tliar . number will , before the meeting of Parliament , be very considerably encreaaed . The Castle " season " for the year commences on Wednesday , the ' 2 () th instant , when the first levee will be held . The drawing-room will follow on the ensuing evening . These arrangements negative a report current for several weeks past , to the effect that , Lord Clarendon meant , to take his departure from Dublin to London early in January , previous to which his Excellency would hold an " undress " levee , which was to be regarded ad tho last act of the Irish Vice-royalty .
The Cork saw-mills , which were the scene of the murder of one of the Original proprietors , Dr . Quarry , and the cause of a conspiracy between the timber sawyers ol Cork , that resulted in the maiming with vitriol of the other proprietor , Mr . Wilson , were completely destroyed by fire on Tuesday week . It is understood the premises , machinery , and stock are insured in the olliee . of the National and Patriotic to the amount of £ . ' 5000 . A serious affray took place on Monday morning week , at a place , in the county of Tyrone , where the revenue police hud gone ; to make n . seizure of tin illicit , btill . When returning to their station with three pri . sonorn , whom they had taken on the occasion , the police were fired upon by a number of persons who lay in ambush on the road . AfU'r about twenty tihots had been exchanged , the police were allowed to proceed on their way , one of their number liaving been da . ngerou . Hly wounded by a . rifle ball in tho
lex-Whilst the Reverend Mr . Lyons , of Dunuiore , was engaged in tile celebration of divine service , on Sunday , Mr . IJarrett ¦ ( between whom and Mr . Lyons a dispute lately arose concerning the occupancy of certuin pews , and which in still pending until the next quarter nenNioiin of Tuam ) came into the church , and forced his way , with the aid of a " pincers" into the forbidden pew ; whereupon the officiating minister , iu great excitement , divested himself of his sacred vestures , descended from the pulpit , and adjourned to his own house , to which the eongregution , the cause of the disturbance excepted , immediately nrooeoded .
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Ja « . 4 , 1851 . 3 g »* **«»»*> 9
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 4, 1851, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1864/page/9/
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