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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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instant . A large number of persons partook of tea , and at half-past ( Seven the chair was taken by the Rererend E . R . Larkeh , by whom the meeting was addressed , as well as by Mr . George V *»* ° * , M . A ., Mr . Glover , of Bury , Mr . Joseph Barker Mr . David Green , Mr . Denton , &c . fhe report , which ** s read by Mr . Hobson * secretary to the sectety , was ™ 7 j ™* £ *> l as to its position » nd prospects , and was ^ l *««*** On the platform , besides tb * speakers alre * dv e * um <* tted , were the Reverend Messrs . W cksteed tM& < C < m ** T Mr . KA ^* *~ A f all band , vocal as well as instrumental , , . [ ' ' [
wa ? in attendance , and performed several pieces with beautiful effect . The late hour at which our report arrives , prevents us giving ft » w «* f * ^ J ^ l ins of Mr . Dawson ' s speech : —Mr . George »* wsoia commenced by saying that it had been his wish for some time past that he might have an opportunity of publicly encouraging this society , as he had been much interested in it on account of its objects and persistency . It had been said that the society had no thing to do with politics , but he thought they had , as they appeared to have something like conservatism m Whhe ladhe oftetold that
their object "en was a , was n Reformers , Radicals , Levellers , and grumblers , were only those that had nothing to lose ; and that if he had only a piece of land , he would , like other folks , soon settle down into a quiet Tory , satisfied with the present state of society . And if they only knew the secret workings and progress of society , they would certainly find the old Conservative doctrine , that if any of them were Radicals , it was because they had no land . Therefore , they might-take them at their word , and claim additional sympathy and respect on account of their Conservative exertions . He held that the land of a country should be
in the hands of the community , and not monopolized by a very few . He considered our social evils resulted to a very great extent from the evil land-laws , and the land arrangements established in this country . If those views were considered subversive , he was led to them by the Bible ; it having been his duty once to study the laws of Moses upon that subject . He had no wish to advise the people of this age to revert to Judaism ; he would leave that to them who wished to enforce a better observance of the Sabbath ; but the spirit of the Judaical law was , that a rich man was commanded not to glean the corners of his corn fields , nor to strip his vine-trees . And , why ? So that the poor might participate in the plenty . The land of Judea was given by the Almighty not to a few ,
but to the people , and the laws were studiously arranged for keeping it amongst the people . Thus it was commanded , if a man should pawn his tools , they must not be kept after sundown ; and so , if the land were mortgaged , at the expiration of some years , it again reverted to the original owners . He had long had faith in the doctrine that any man had a private , irremovable possession of the land . The land belongs to the people ; and if the land goes into certain hands , it has certain duties attached ; it ought to support the poor of a people . If the land belongs to the people , and the people have it not , what should be done ? He would not advocate physical force , —he had little sympathy with that , —but he saw in the organization of societies
like this a quiet and effectual means of accomplishing that object . He aptly exposed the evil 3 of the entail law , which he would recommend to be abolished ; and alluded to the gross neglect of the palpable and practical Christianity of some of its most babbling , formal , self-satisfied , and pharisaical professors . There were two ways of raising £ 100 . One man might give £ 99 , others might make up the other pound . And again 100 people might subscribe £ 1 each ; now , which Would indicate a sounder and a better state , although the totals are the same ? Some say we are the greatest nation on earth . If England is the greatest nation , on the whole , she yet has a number of poor and wretched with which few cjuntries compare . It is said England
is a very fine nation ; the sun never seta upon its dominions ; they send tracts , and print Bibles by the ton ; but what information does this afford about the individual members of that nation ? I like this society because it is subversive of the old fallacious plan of looking to the total . It indicates that men are growing tired with the doctrine of totals . It was a . curious thing , but he had tried the experiment , that many were profound in a knowledge of the Hindoos ; were clever in the various doctrines of liudhisrn , Urahininism , and Paganism ; and yet , if these persons were asked as to the condition , belief , and habits of some of the poor in the back slums of Lords , they would answer , " Don ' t know . " Though deeply skilled in the art and mystery of Chinese
domestic and olhor knowledge , yet if tlipy were asked how their poor countryman , with a wife and seven children , managed to live upon ( is . a-weck , he could not inform you . Tlie speaker himself confessed that he even could not explain that mystery ; he considered that wo ought to look more at home , und let the enquiry be , not how are the pceple on the whole , but how is the people made up . The best king England ever had , old King Alfred , understood this doctrine well enough . When he came to reign in Kntfland the people were all dunces together ; \\ n could not find a clergyman that could rrad his own prayorn . He was an old barbarian they knew ,
and reigned before the modern and enlightened views of voluntary education , Hiidlieuent an embassy to France to catch a learned mitt and briiiR him ov <> r > and he got some and net thrm to work instructing the people . Now , if Alfred had entrrtiiinned the totality theory he might ; have founded u university , with a half-duet'li learned »» cn , and Miiid , England is a learned nation . Another hing for which 1 like this society in its unpopularity . I bin world wiih never yet waved but by what have been regarded foolish , « xt . ri \ vagant Utopian , and eccentric loctrincH . Conformity \* good in iin place , respectable , and decent looking ; it fold * lt « robes luHtefully , and decently lien down to die . Hut it is theme novel ideas , and Helf-willed , Uovotcd , and eooentricmen that save . Again , I like thin society , because , despite past failure , you arc
" determined again to try the noble experiment , and brave , the jeers of enemies who 8 ay such schemes hava always i foiled . But no one has tried your experiment . Your : society is under different circumstances to the past , and you « ay be successful . Social H * . xt , Man ^ hestes .. —Since my last comma-; nication to the Leader oar institution has been going cm Well . We have had a succession of lecturer * from London ; Mr . Lloyd Jones , Mr . George Hooper , ami Mr . Walter Cooper , have each in turn lectured to large fttwl attentive audiences , the hall in the evenings being crowded to overflowing . The subjects of Mr . Cooper ' s lectures were " Alton Locke " and the " Socialism of Literature . '' We have now entered upon the second quarter . The number of our members encreaseg and our regular audiences get more numerous . We have also been negotiating with some of the surrounding towns for the purpose of sending them lecturers , and are in hopes to have this division of Lancashire organized by the first Sunday in March , at which time the next conference meets . —John McKenZie , Secretary . Galashiels Store . —The annual soiree and ball of this flourishing association was held on the evening of New Year ' s Day . The large hall in which they met was crammed almost to suffocation . After tea , speeches , music , and dancing , the meeting separated , highly pleased with the entertainment of the evening .
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Jan . 18 / 1851 ] ICft * 3 L «* frit « "" $ 9
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Owing to a press of matter in other departments of the paper we are obliged to crave the indulgence of our correspondents until next week .
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HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK . ( From the Registrar-General ' s Report . ) In the week ending last Saturday 1023 deaths were registered in the districts of the metropolis . In the corresponding weeks of the 10 years ( 1841-60 ) the average was 1102 ; compared with which the present return exhibits a favourable result . And if it could be safely assumed , notwithstanding the effects of various epidemics , that the population has encreased yearly at the rate of 1 . 55 per cent , ( the annual rate of encrease observed in London between the two censuses of 1831 and 1841 ) , and the above average were proportionally augmented , the comparison would show the public health of the week in a still more satisfactory point of view . But it will be found on examination that , in five out of the ten corresponding weeks , the returns differ little from that of last week , or fall much below it , whilst an excessive mortality presses on other parts of the series , the deaths rising to 1450 at one period , when influenza was on the wane , at another , when cholera had broken out in Drouet ' s institution , and thus swelling the account above what an average state of health would produce . The last week exhibits a marked improvement on the first week of the- ' year , chiefly in the decline of fever and the epidemics to which children arc subject , but also in the diminished effects of diseases of the respiratory organs . In connection with three cases of typhus , which proved fatal in three different parts of the metropolis , the registrars call attention in their notes to the circumstances in which these events occurred— here " a filthy and overcrowded court , " which had been repeatedly complained of aa the nursery of disease ; at another place , " miserable huts , " which had been constructed without regard to comfort or decency ; and in the third case , a small back room in described , where tt ' xx persons had been sleeping , and into which air could not . penetrate either by means of the chimney or other channel .
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MONEY MARKET AND CITY INTELLIGENCE . Saturday . v The English Fund Market was firm , and prices had an j upward tendency hi the beginning of the week . On On Thursday , however , a decline took place ; veHterdAy the market continued heavy to the close , and Consols wore \ lower . Yesterday the market opened dull , and prices declined AThe range of prices during the week has been as fol-)<) WH : —Consols , 90 S to !)(> £ ; Thro « -and-a-Qmirter per Cents ., 98 4 to 90 ; Exchequer Hills , />/>« . to ( iOs . premium . The Foreign Stock Market , has not displayed any marked feature during the week . The deiiliiigs yesterday included Mexion . s , ' . V . i to J , ex div . ; Brazilian , New , 1 H 2 !) and 1 H . 'Ji ) , ' H 7 ; ditto New , of 181 . 5 , HI ; Huenon Ayres , 1 H ; Kquador , . ' { . ' . In European Slate Stocks the Imuiikkh transacted included Dutch Two and-a Half per CviUh ., f ) 7 ft to C > H ; ditto Four per Cents ., 0 OJ to I ; Danish Five per Cents . \ 101 to 4 ; Spanish Threw per Conts ., Wl to I 5 H& ; ditto Five per Cents ., 174 < - <» 3 ; Belgian Four-and-uHulf per j
Cents ., 90 $ ; Portuguese Five per Cents ., 85 ; ditto Five per Cents . Converted , 36 £ ; . Russian Four-and-a-Half per Cent * ., 96 * to i . _ * . * M ^ aa-i . ANE , FftifcAtf , Jan . 17 . We have no variation to repott Sa the * tate of trade during the jweweat w * ek ? tiw fl-appli ** of grain a « s moderate , ahd tfcfe * ttttuftt Of fctmihefcs doing is limited at the prices previously current . The English Wheat , owing to the continued mildness and dampness of the weather , is most of it very mtreh out of condition , and for such it is difficult to find buyers on any terns * . At the beginning of the week a good many cargoes of Polish Odessa Wheat changed hands at the very low price of 32 s . 6 d ., including freight and insurance . Since then , however , the importers have been less willing to accept so low a price , and to-day some cargoes have been disposed of at 34 s . and 34 s . 6 d . ( This wheat-being of inferior quality , and the quantity greatly exceeding the consumptive demand , the value of it is reduced considerably below its usual proportion to other descriptions . ) At the Country Markets held during the week , the trade has been quiet and without alteration . The first qualities of Malting Barley bring rather better prices ; other kinds continue to meet a slow sale . The Oat trade continues without any animation . Arrivals from Jan . 13 to Jan . 17 : — English . Irish . Foreign . Wheat . » .. 1690 8020 Barley .. .. 2840 1480 Oats 3810 11570 3750
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BRITISH FUNDS FOR THE PAST WEEK . ( Closing Prices . )
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Salur . Mond . Tues . \ JVedn . \ Thurs . Frid . BankStock .... 214 2 15 214 214 ! 214 | 214 3 per Ct . Red .. 97 $ 97 = 97 * 97 « 97 £ 97 j 3 p . C . Con . Ans . 96 A 96 ^ 96 ? - 96 j 9 Gg 9 Gg 3 p . C . An . 1726 . 9 "i . i 3 p . Ct . Con ., Ac . 96 . J 96 1 SOJ •)<;} \)\ > % < m \ 3 ^ p . Cent . An . 98 § 98 J 99 98 J !) 8 | 93 j New 5 per Cts . Long Ans ., 1860 . 7 13-16 73 7 13-16 7 13-16 7 iJ Ind . St . lO ^ p . ct . 2 S 7 S 6 s Ditto Bonds .. 74 p 76 p 76 p 77 p 73 p 70 p Ex . Bills , 1000 J . 58 p 5 !) p 56 p 56 u 58 p 58 p Ditto , 5 JWV .. 58 p 59 p 60 p 56 p 57 p ——Ditto . Swa ' . 58 p j 59 p I 57 p
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FOREIGN FUiVDS . ( Last Official Quotation during- the Week ending Friday Evening . ) Austrian 5 per Cents . 91 J Mexican 5 per Ct . Ace . 32 ^ Belgian Bds ., 4 £ p . Ct . — Small .. .. 33 Brazilian 5 per Cents . — Neapolitan 5 per Cents . — Buenos Ayres 6 p . Cts . 48 Peruvian 4 . J per Cents . — Chilian 3 per Cents . .. — Portuguese 5 per Cent . 85 Danish 5 per Cents . .. 101 | 4 per Ct ? . Mi Dutch 2 i per Cents ... 58 Annuities — 4 per Cents . .. 91 Russian , 1822 , 5 p . Ct 3 . — Ecuador Bonds .. 3 . J Span . Actives , 5 p . Cts . 17 £ French 5 p . C . An . atParis 95 . 15 Passive .. — 3 p . Cts ., Jan . 17 , 57 . 5 ¦ Deferred .. —
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SHARES . Last Official Quotation for the Week ending Friday Evening . Railways . Banks . Caledonian .. .. 10 J Australasian .. .. 30 . } Eastern Counties .. 6 British North American — Edinburgh and Glasgow -9 Colonial .. .. .. — Great Northern .. .. 17 ^ Commercial of London .. — Great North of England — London and Westminster 27 i orcatS . & W . ( Ireland ) 10 London Joint Stock .. I'J Great Western .. .. 78 , \ National of Ireland .. — Hull and Selfoy .. .. 101 National Provincial Lancashire and York&hiru . > 54 l ' rovinoial of Ireland .. 4 I £ Lancaster and Carlisle 71 Union of Australia .. 3 f > Lond ., Brighton , &S . Coast 92 . { Union of London .. IXJg London and Blackwall .. G . \ Minks . London and N .-Western 12 I 5 J Bol . mos .. .. .. — Midland .. .. .. 47 ; j Brazilian Imperial , > — ¦ JNorth Jhitlsh .. .. ' 8 | Ditto , St . John del Key — South-Eastern and Dover 2 : t Cobre Copper .. .. — Souih-Wuslem .. .. " 271 Misckli . ankoUs . York , N (! ivciia ., 8 c Berwick 1 H . ; Australian Agricultural — York a ) id North Midland 21 . J Canada .. ..... .. — Dooics . General Steam . . Ea . st . and West India .. — l eniiiti . & Oi iental Hteani — London .. .. .. — Ko \ : il . Mail Steam .. 7-St . Katharine .. .. — South An Italian .. —
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\ GK . MN , Mavk-lane , . Ian . 17 . Wheat , K . N « nv Jifitf . to . 'IMs . Maple 30 * . to ; S 1 b . Fine . W — 40 White 2 , ! — 21 Old ;« 40 ltoilers 2 . > —27 White 10 — \ i HeanH , Ticks . .. 21 —25 Fine 10 — \ i Old 2 li -28 Supviior New it — 4 ( i Indian Corn .... 30 — . ' ( -5 K > e 25 — 2 tf Oats , Feed 15 — Id Barley 18 --I'J Fi ,,, ; I ( J —17 Matting U 3 — 2 f ) Poland 17 — 1 H Malt , Ord 48 . 00 line 18 — l ' . f Fine , )() — 52 Potato 17 —• IH I'ciin , Hog 21 — 2 ( i Fine .... 18 — l' . J FLOUR . Town-iiizdo j )« r Mack 40 h . to 4 . 'Js . SecoiidH . ' 17 — 10 Essex and Suffolk , mi hoard hIiIji XI — 3-1 Norfolk nutl Stockton 30 - M American per barrel 22 — 2 . J < Cimadiaii 21 — 2 . J Wlniitdl Ui . ud , 7 < l . the 4 lli . loaf . IIoubuIioIcIh , ( id . BUTCHER 8 " MEAT . NttWflATK AND LlCAlMCNII ALL . * HM Mil l'l KI . I >* . H . d . H . d . n . d . H . ( I . Ut-ef a l to : \ » x 4 i . o ;> n > Mutton 2 8 — - 3 (> : i l — l i Veal 3 0 1 « . ! 10 4 < i Pork 2 (! : t 8 ii 4 4 2 To Hink the offal , per M | h . IlicAU <> i' Catti . m at Sm riiirjBi . ij . fr ' riduy . Monday , rt * AHt « 7 IS 3 » ll > . Sh . fii * 3 HUO ID . 070 Calvoo lHl .... i IW Pi ti , 310 «« 5
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 18, 1851, page 69, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1866/page/21/
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