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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Bouverie , Hon . Edw . Pleydell .. Kilmarnock Bright , John Manchester Brotherton . Joseph Salford Brown , Westhead Jo . Proctor .. Knaresborough Caulfield , James Molyneux ... . Armagh , County Clay , James Hull Clay , Sir W Tower Hamlets Clirtbrd , Henry Morgan Hereford - ~ ^ Cobden , Richard Yorkshire , WesFlUding Cockburn , Alexander J . E Southampton Collins , William Warwick Cowan , Charles ..... Edinburgh Crawford . W . 8 ..... Rochdale Currie , Kaikes Northampton Dashwood , Sir G . H Wycombe Devereux , John Thomas Wexford D ' Eyncourt , Rt . Hon . C . T Lambeth Duke , Sir James London Duncan , George Dundee Duncombe , Thos . S Kinsbury Ellis , John Leicester Evans , Sir IXe Lacy Westminster Evans , John Haverfordwest Ewart , William Dumfries , District Fagan , Win . Trant Cork , City Fox , Wm . Johnson Oldham Freestun , Colonel Weymouth Gibson , Right Hon . T . Milner .. Manchester Granger , Thos . C Durham , City Grattan , Henry Meath , County Greene , John Kilkenny , County Grenfell , Chas . Pascoe Preston Hall , Sir Benjamin Marylebnne Hardcastle , Jos . Alfred Colchester Harris , Richard Leicester Hastie , Alexander Glasgow Hasti *> , Archibald Paisley Headlam , Thos . Emerson Newcastle-on-Tyne Henry , Alexander Lancashire , South Hey worth , Laurence Derby Hindley , Charles Ashton-under-Lyne Hodges , Thomas Law Kent , West Hodge ? , Thomas Twisden .... Rochester Horsman , Edward Cock , rmouth Hume . Joseph Montrose Humphery , Alderman John Southwark Jackson , William Newcastle-under-Lyne Keating , Kobert Waterford , County Keogh , Williim Athlone Kersnaw , James Stockport King , Hon . Peter John Locke . . Surrey , East Lushington , Charles Westminster M'Cullagh , William Torrens ... Dund ^ lk M'Gregor , John Glasgow Martin , Samuel Pontefract Marshall , James Garth Leeds Marshall , William Cumberland , East Meagher , Thomas Waterford , City Milner , William M . E York Moffatt , Georg-e Dartmouth Molesworth , Sir William Southwark Mowatt , Francis Penryn and Falmouth Muntz , G . F Biimingham N ugent , Lord Aylesbury O ' Brien , Sir T Cashel O Connell , John Limerick , City O'Connell , Maurice Tralee O'Connell , Morgan John Kerry O'Connor , Feargus Nottingham O'Flaherty , Anthony Galway , Borough Osborne , Ralph bt-rnal Middlesex Pechell , Sir G . B Brighton Peto , Samuel Morton Norwich Pilkington , James Blackburn Power , Dr . Maurice Cork , County Reynolds , John . . Dublin , City Ricardo , John Lewis Stoke-upon-Trent Roche , E . 15 Cork , County Roebuck , John Arthur Sheffield Sadleir , John Carlow . Borough Sal way , Colonel Henry Ludlow SchoU-licld , William Birmingham Scully , Francis Tipperary Smith , John Benjamin Stirling , District Smythe , Hon . George Canterbury Somi'rs , John P Sligo Ktrickland , Sir George I ' reston Stuart , Lord Dudley Coutts Marylebone Sullivan , Micliatl Kilkenny , City Tiilbot , John Hyacinth New Rom Tancred , Henry William Banbury Tenison , Kdward K Leitrim Tenneiit , llol > . . ); itnc « Belfast Tliompaon , Colonel T . 1 * liradlord Thump-on , ( J . M ) i » o Tower Hamlet rt Tliornrly , Thoinaa Wolverhaiiipton Trelawuv , J . S Tavintor . lt Villiern , Hon . Charles Pelliam .. Wolverliampton Wakley , Thomas I ' "innl > iiry Walmsli'V , hir . 1 ohIhui Bollon Wawn , John T 8 out . li Kinchin Wilcox , Broil ic M'Ghii : Kouthumptoii Williams , John Maccl . 'Hlield WillyaniH . II Tnuo Wil . ioii , Matthew Clitlicroe Wood , William 1 '^ e Oxloicl , City GiiNTi . tiMiiN , — \ V > address ourselves to you in preference to the members of the House of Commons generally , because , in supporting Mr . Ilume ' H motion for Parliamentary Reform , you have declared yourselves the advocates of popular ri » ht . Friends of the rights of the people , you must necessarily be desirous of popular education , without which those rights would be of little value to their possessors . You cannot wish that the new class of vott rn should be ignorant men . You niny be divided in opinion an to how far ( ioveriiincntH ought to promote the education of the people , but you cannot think it right that , they should hinder it . One of the greatest hindrances to popular education , especially in politics , in the penny stump upon newspapers , which deprives the working classes of the power of purchasing newHpapern , and thus makes it diflicult , not to say impossible , for them to be well informed about public nll . iiiH . The penny Htamp on a penny paper is a tax of 100 per rent ., and as this materially hinders the sale the juice must be raised to threepence , by which the class of readers is entirely changed ; and thus the daily record of facts , by means of which all wild theories may he brought to the test of experience , is rendered by iuw inaccessible to the working man . The prcticut is a tit time to demand the abolition of
the penny stamp . 1 st . Because all parties now profess to be favourable to the education and enlightenment ot the people . 2 nd . Because , in the face of a surplus ot several millions , there can be no fiscal imped » entto the removal of a tax the net revenue from which does not exceed £ 200 , 000 . And 3 rd . Because the Stampr orhce is open to the charge of Partiality and unfa , ™ "JJ ^ J exercise of its authority ; for , whilst the most ¦ flagrant violations of the law are permitted in some instances , light ones are punished in others with capricious severity . We do not go into further details because we are anxious not to Trespass too much upon your time and attention , but we shall be ready to state our case more fa h ' if you will honour us by allowing a deputation from to wait *• _„
our body upon you . ,, • * Our immediate object in now addressing you is to ask you to claim from the Government for the people the right of printing and publishing untaxed newspapers . You have the power to confer this great boon upon the country and pardon us if we add that your constituents will be proud to see the fetters struck from the printingpress by your hands . Nor will you be asking an unreasonable concession from a Whig Government ; for how would that Government fare if you , gentlemen , were to desert it ? Could they stand for a day against the assaults of the whole territorial aristocracy of both Houses of Parliament if they were deprived of the support of the rpnrpsentatives of Manchester , Birmingham , Sheffield ,
Marylebone , Glasgow , Edinburgh , Southwark , &c . &c . ? And ' what title can the Whig Ministry have to your confidence if they persist in maintaining a tax upon knowledge , when that tax no longer finds defenders even in the ranks of the Tories ? We entreat you , gentlemen , to present yourselves before the Government , and to demand , in the name of the mass of the people , whose wants and interests you represent , the immediate removal of the stamp upon newspapers ; a tax which yields only £ 200 , 000 net to the revenue , which no member of the House defends , and which is so oppressive in its nature that the Executive dare not put it in force : be assured that such a tax is at the mercy of a determined minority . We confidently hope that to you we shall owe , in the present session of Parliament , the abolition of what is nominally a tax , but in reality a censorship of the English press , more hateful because less open than that which exists in
continental states . We have the honour to be , your obedient servants , The Newspaper Stamp Abolition Committee Signed by their order , and on their behalf , F . Place , 21 , Brompton-square , Treasurer . C . D . Collet , 15 , Essex-street , Strand , Secretary Feb . 19 , 1851 .
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A CHAPTER OF FOREIGN NEWS . [ Notwithstanding the assurances of the French Government party respecting the admirable working of French influence in the Roman States , the papers are full of dismal accounts from that quarter . The greatest excitement prevailed both in the capital and in the provinces , and the Papal Government were in the hourly expectation of an outbreak . It is possible that the Austrians are labouring under some such apprehension , as we hear from Lombardy that 6000 men have been marched across the Po into the Legations , all of which , perhaps , are not intended for the pursuit of the already shattered and broken remnants
of the famous bands of Passatore . A large Austrian force has been brought together at Foligno ; and in the South the King of Naples , who has an army of 12 , 000 men under arms , is said to be marching some of his divisions towards the Roman frontier . It seems that Prince Schwarzenberg entertains some design to hem in the French garrison of Home with absolutist forces , so as to drive them into the sea were they ever to become dangerous to the Pope ' s peace of mind . Vast masses of troops are equally described as marching from the
German provinces into Austrian Lombardy . Twenty thousand men , under General Strassoldo , are drawn up on the Sardinian frontier of the Ticino , and the very strong garrison of Milan is ready , as a reserve , to second any aggressive movement that the hotheaded nnd grasping Prince Schwarzenberg may meditato ngainst Piedmont . The railway across the Milan Alps from ( "illy to Trieste is fast advancing at an enormous cost . The completion of those gigantic works will enable the Imperial Government to send the very garrison of Vienna , if needed , to Venice or Milan in twenty-four hours .
l or the : rest , everything thrives with " happy Austria . " She has concluded a commercial treaty with Holland on the easiest terms . She has soldiers enough for Hamburg , for Holstein , for Hesse , for all the fortresses of Germany . Soldiers to accommodate friends and neighbours with : a vast force is assembling at Semlin and Altgrudiska , under Jellachich , ready for an armed intervention into Bosnia , on the shortest notice , and her ships are cruising along the count of Dalmutia , with no friendly designs upon Home Turkish port , on the Adriatic .
On the whole the Porte is rather at a loss to decide whether to look upon its Austrian neighbour us an open enemy , or as a dangerous friend . The refugees that , she had harboured at Kutiiyeh will now be embarked at . Mondunia , free to nail for any country that will welcome them . Austria grants them an amnesty , even us Turkey granted them hospitality . The latter always struck us as a kind of honourable captivity : the former is neither more nor less than a decree of banishment . Austria forgiven her Hunguriun rebels ;
, go her way . None of them is to be allowed to reenter Hungary or any other part of the Empire . Even from this novel pardon ten are excluded—amongst them Kossuth and Batthyany , and these must continue buried alive , as it were , as far as their political influence is concerned—at Kutayeh . Dembinsky will be allowed to reside at Constantinople under the protection of the French Legation . The Hungarian refugees that had been embarked at Constantinople for England , on board the Sardinian brig Arpia , have landed at Liverpool , on Wednesday . They are 262 in number , with several officers of rank among them . But , indeed , where shall the unhappy refugee rest his head ? The Swiss Federal Government has
rescinded the decree of July , 1849 , by which the Cantons were ordered to shelter and support the exiles of all countries . A letter from our correspondent , dated Berne , Feb . 26 , informs us that France offers to convey the German refugees across her territories to England or the United States . No such chance for the French refugees , nor for the Italians . The Sardinian Government , who had shown some disposition to allow these latter a free passage across its states to Monte Video , has been compelled to withdraw its humane offer . The refugees that are not to be disposed of by expulsion are now to be " sent to the interior , " that is , each to the very district least suited to his inclination , interest , or convenience . Some of the French and Italians at Lausanne have
protested ; but , good Heavens ! who heeds unarmed protests now-a-days ? With all her abject compliance , however , Switzerland is very far from reassured . The refugees were only a pretext , and one of the flimsiest . Austria , it seems , acts under the impulse of a fatality , which bids her push on her advantage against liberal principles wherever they are to be met , in order to strike terror into the hearts of her own disaffected subjects , and give them a lofty idea of her omnipotence at home by the exhibition of her unresisted influence abroad . A moment of inaction on her part , and all the germs of dissolution in her own bosom—all the evils inseparable from her financial embarrassmentswill burst forth .
Great consternation has been created in Vienna by the report of the refusal of Prussia to the demands of Schwarzenberg at the Dresden Conferences . There are , then , difficulties against German union more insurmountable than ever ? the speculators have asked . And yet , without this union , without a good understanding , no matter on what terms , between Austria and Prussia , there is no chance of peace or security either for Germany or Europe . That the difficulties are more insurmountable than ever we never had a doubt since October , 1848 . The result of the last revolution at Vienna has been to establish for ever the unity of the Austrian empire . Austria
must exist as one or cease to exist . She must then be admitted into the German Confederacy as one great member , stronger and larger than all the other members put together . No matter on what terms the Diet is reconstituted , Austria will always exercise a virtual presidence over its destinies . Her troops already lord it over all Germany . What can parity of votes do against it . On the rirst dissension arising an appeal will be made to force , and then what chances are there for Prussia ? This latter Power sees the extent of the abyss it has fallen into ; but no
remedy is to be found except by a generous appeal to the national German sympathies ; but it is now too late ; those sympathies have been too long tampered with , and the King of Prussia , his Cabinet , his nobles , are more afraid of the people , of the constitution , of the revolution , than even of Austro-Russian ascendancy . So be it . Then let the German princes reap as they have sown . Let them be rough-ridden by Austria , ko they enjoy the meagre satisfaction of crushing their own subjects . Still more ominous rumours are circulated with respect to Sardinia .
Intimations of the hot displeasure of Austria are said to have been officially conveyed to the Sardinian Government . It is demanded of Piedmont that it should expel the thousands of refugees from all Italian States that have been thriving in Turin and Genoa since 1848 ; that it should lower the Italian colours , and Prussianize its constitution . And if external dangers were not sufficient to emburruss the Government , there is " something rotten " in the very heart of the country . A secret sitting of the Chamber of Deputies , we are informed , was held at Turin uh far back us theliHh ultimo , the transactions of which only now begin to transpire . A party , at the head of
which were the Prince of Savoy—Carignuno , and the Queen-mother , have taken upon themselves to send agents to the I ) resden Conferences to convey to the high powers their readiness to submit to their dictates , and to make peace with them on any terms . The Government , udmits the existence of this durk plot , and only regrets that , as its proofs rest on mere moral and not legal evidence , it in not in its power to bring the guilty parties to justice ; it , assured the Chamber , however , thut the authorities watch to tho safety ot the country , and that the State is sufficiently Btrong , at J any rate , to guard against domestic onemicB . So far the newspapers . The Government hus been at
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[ that isshe allows them to as far as possible out of 216 m * &t ** et . Saturday , ————————————— ~ ~ * v . a + ;» aha niinwa tViom to bo as far as possible out of
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 8, 1851, page 216, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1873/page/4/
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