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the 25 th ult . to the 1 st instant , he enrolled upwards of three hundred members , making an addition of 913 during the tour . Victoria Park . Franchism . —The members of the Victoria Park locality of the National Charter Association have issued an address to their friends and the public on Organization , signed on behalf of the members by the Secretary , Henry T . Holyoake , which contains the following passages : — " The philosophy and politics of our advocates were , for the most part , unsound and circumscribed . They taught the doctrine of a party instead of universal principles . The Charter should have held up as a political
mirror , in which the Government might have beheld the miseries and wrongs of the working-classes , and the ' very body and pressure of the times . ' Instead of which , the cause was made the ground on whirh men delivered speeches more remarkable for promises than practical thought . We imagined Government was the only oppressor , not seeing that if we were able to govern ourselves with wisdom , a tyrannical Government could not exist . Ignorance is the mother of slavery , and before the body can be at liberty the mind must be free . We believe Self-education in great social and political principles , and self-discipline in order to use them rightly , are the first important steps to freedom . We seek not
theorganiza-_ tion of a party only , but of all classes of society . We are anxious to see the day when the rich and the poor shall be united , working together in the cause of human progress . If the upper and middle classes are our enemies , our duty will be , if we are wise in our policy , to make them our friends as soon as possible . Nature made us all friends , said a modern writer , and it is only false pride which makes us enemies to each other . To beat down this false pride and establish friendship in its place , would be to remove one of the greatest barriers in the path of our progress , and render a valuable service to the cause . One of the principal objections raised by our opponents against granting the Charter is
this , * that if the working-classes possessed the Charter , they would not know how to use it . ' We think there is some truth in the opinion . To deprive the Government of this ground of objection , and the world of such an opinion , is another important reason why we call upon you to organize . We wish to discuss friendly and earnestly together the great social and political principles of our movement , that we may speedily show to the Government and the world , that we do understand what we demand . This done , the Government will have no alternative but to grant it as an act of justice and humanity , or withhold it on the grounds of tyranny and state policy . "
Mr . Thomas Cooper ' s Lecturing Tour . —Communications intended to reach Mr . Cooper on Monday or Tuesday next , should be addressed " Care of Mr . Chaloner , 26 , Bilton-street , York ; " on Wednesday or Thursday next , " Care of Mr . Yeats , 96 , Osbornestreet , Hull ; " on Friday , Saturday , or Sunday , the 12 th , 13 th , or 14 th instant , " Care of Mr . John Holmes , draper , Neville-street , Leeds ; " after these dates , " Care of Mr Councillor Ironside , Sheffield . "
Mr . Colin Murray Campbell . —On Wednesday evening about thirty friends sat down to tea at the Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street , in respect t « Mr . C . M . Campbell , who is leaving England for America . Mr . J . Reed occupied the chair , and spoke as to the esteem in which their departing fellow-worker was held . Messrs . Cramp , Turley , Huffy , Ivory , and others followed to the same effect , and a friendly address was read to Mr . Campbell , who replied , and the evening cordially ended .
Central Coopekativk Committee . — A meeting was held at the offices of the Central Cooperative Agency , in Charlotte-Btreet , on Tuesday , to consider the best means of promoting the establishment of associations for production , or Working Associations , and associations for consumption , or Cooperative Stores , among the several trades of the metropolis . M . Jules Lechevalier was called to the chair ; among the gentlemen were Mr . Vansittart Neale , Mr . Fleming , Mr . Pollard , Mr . Thornton Hunt , Mr . Stephens , and some representatives of the trades . Several suggestions are thrown out for immediately spreading a knowledge of association and its benefits among the organization of the trades , as a preliminary to more collective consultation with those bodies ; and a committee , including the gentlemen present , was at once formed to curry on the process .
Lincoln Coopkhativk Cohn-mii . l . — -A half-yearl y meeting of proprietors was held on Monday , August 25 , the Reverend 15 . It . Larken in the cluiir , when the accounts for the hulf year ending August 1 , were passed , mild directors and other officers elected . During the lust six months about £ 4000 worth of flour has been sold to the members at the small advance of one penny per Stone on the coat price . From this the direct lulvuntugc derived by them through the establishment of the mill may be calculated , while the public have been , at the same time , indirectly benefited by the reduction made in the cost of their commodity by the inillcrn and flourdealers of the city and neighbourhood , with a view to compete with the low prices of the Cooperative Society .
Lincoln Youno Mkn ' h Socikty . —The opening lecture for the season was delivered laBt week by the Reverend E . R- Larken , the subject being "The Influence of Christianity on Civilisation . " Mr . C . Ward , Mayor , occupied the chair , and the room was orowded by both ladies and gentlemen . We « re glad to find thut tho 8 ooi « ty is likely to be more than usually interesting thin year , and that some very necessary and important alterations are likely to be effected in the working of tho Society We wish the members every success , believing as ¦* r « do tho discussions of the various questions of the day
cooperation have already made progress . We have added ten new candidates this week , and amongst them is one well-known in the republic of letters . Moneys received for the week : —Hyde , per J . Bradley , 16 s . 7 d . ; Derby , per J . Simwright 2 s . ; Manchester , per W . Bloomer , 5 s . 2 d . ; Huddersfie df per C . Gledhill , 12 s . 9 d . Building Fund : Hyde , 9 s . 6 d . ; Derby , Is . 6 d . ; Manchester , 3 s . ; Huddersfield , 7 s . 6 d . Propagandist Fund : W . Alcock , Derby , Is . ; Hyde , 4 d . ; Huddersfield , Is . 8 d . —J . Henderson , Secretary of the Redemption Society .
considerable must prove of considerable utility to those who join in them . — Lincoln Paper . Faksley Open Air Meeting . —On Sunday last , Mr . D . Green , of Leeds , addressed an out-door meeting at Farsley . It being the feast day , the village was full of visitors , and the doctrines of cooperation and orotnerhood were explained to a large and attentive audience . Next Sunday Messrs . Green and Henderson are to hold an open-air meeting at Pudsey , where the puncioles of
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There is no learned man but will confess he hath much profited by reading controversies , his senses awakened , and hia judgment sharpened . If , then , it be profitable for him to read , why should it not , at least , be tolerable for his adversary to write . —Milton .
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THE VIOLENT DISSOLUTION OF THE FREE CONGREGATIONS OF AUSTRIA AND THE FANATICAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE CATHOLIC CLERGY AGAINST PROTESTANTISM IN IRELAND . Lower Mount Cottage , Lower-heath , Ilampstead , Sept . 2 , 1851 . Sir , —I mentioned in my first letter on the religious persecutions in Germany , that Popery and Absolutism would make further encroachments and commit similar violent persecutions even in Protestant countries , particularly when it is once clear that Prussia , the principal Proteetant power in the centre of Europe , has subjected herself to Catholicism .
Ere my first lines could find their way to the press , events occurred which have confirmed my anticipations , and which show the inevitable evil results , when civilized Peoples do not assist each other in upholding the first principles of humanity ; and religious liberty is certainly the first of these . The two most important events of that class are the violent suppression of the Free Congregations in Austria and the incitements to insurrection on the part of the Roman Catholic clergy of Ireland against Protestant England , ( supported as these are by Austrian diplomatists and their confederates . At first sig ht these two events appear to be unconnected , but they really flow from the same source—from the source of religious and political Absolutism .
The King of Prussia abandoned the historical mission of his State by refusing to take the Imperial dignity offered to him in 1849 ; and the Prussian Government will , and must , sink lower in its struggle against the progressive tendencies of the age which it has betrayed ; and to secure a brief respite for the shadow of its power , it must retrograde behind Frederick the Great , and behind the first reformation . It will sink more and more till it shortly becomes the mere electorate vassal of the House oi
Hapsburg . An evidence of this may be read in recent occurrences , — that men of the so-called " constitutional party " have been prosecuted because they applied some words of Frederick the Great to the present state of affairs ; and" that Luther ' s writings on the duties of princes to their people have been seized by the police . Since Protestant Prussia has thus become the abject vassal of Austria , and can have no longer rank as a power in Germuny , it proceeds with the strong hand , or with Jesuitical refinement , to annihilate ull the points of ProtCHtantibin and its mental liberty .
Protestantism produced in Germany the great system of philosophy and science ; in England it has taken a more practical form and built up constitutional liberty and a commercial power which governs the world . For emancipated mental life MtmumcH peculiar forms in different nations ; each nation becomes a peculiar source , Bending its mental produce into tho common sea of humanity . Germun philosophy in our day has produced its popular fruit .
a truly humanitarian religion—the Reformation of the nineteenth century . In the sixteenth century the House of Hapsburg oppressed the Reformation and its results , and the consequence was that bv degrees it was pushed away from Germany and was forced to seek support from uncivilized nations . How great , then , must be the hatred of that house , of the humanitarian principles of this new reforma tion of the nineteenth century ; how great the alarm to see its despotism and the blind obedience and superstitions of its Catholic populations crumble away . It is not to be wondered at that Metternich punished the partisans of that reformation in Austria , and that the Jesuits considered the principles of t he " free congregations " more dangerous for them than those
of the orig inal Protestant Church . The greater the progress of humanity and the more refined the principles of morals which it engenders , the bri ghter is that genius which takes its stand against barbarism and despotism in church and state , and the more decided is the demand of the nations to use the divine gifts of true Christian love and liberty . The House of Hapsburg has never been at a loss to devise and find the means of oppressing the free Catholic congregations , considering that there is no d ynasty in Europe which is so grey in experience of those cruelties , treacheries , and crime that suppress free thought ; for no dynasty has a past so ominous and dark . The policy of the House of Hapsburg in 1848 shows that it did not shrink from the most atrocious
crimes . Need I do more than mention the employment of banditti to assassinate Kossuth ? Only the cesspool of such a diplomacy and Jesuitism as that of Hapsburg could produce a monster like Haynau . One deep stream of blood flows through the whole Government of that house , from the murder of the noble Huss to our own day . Volumes might be written to give a complete list of their cruelties , perjuries , and assassinations . Every page of their history from the days
of the Reformation is spotted with blood . Who can think calmlyeven now of the heroes of the thirty years ' war which made Germany a waste for a century ? Who can think without a shudder of the atrocities of the Second Ferdinand on the Protestants of Bohemia , where not even a fourth part of the population of that once prosperous and well-educated people remained after the wholesale murders , persecutions , and banishments of that monarch ? Who can think
without the deepest pain of the fatal lot of Styna and Salzburg , countries once almost entirely Protestant , now lingering away again in the fetters of Popery by nameless persecutions—of the wholesale murder of Protestants at Eperies—of the dragonades in Silesia ? Their diabolical policy will appear clear when the future draws away the veil that partially covers the crimes of this age . Before the events of 1848 , it was impossible to procure admission for the new Reformation in Austria . Metternich set a price on my head , if I dared to cross the Austrian territory ; and no member of a free congregation in any part of Germany was permitted to travel in Austria . In the month of September , 1848 , I hastened to Vienna , and found free
Catholic congregations had been established there and at Gratz , during the short period of freedom . Other congregations were subsequently established . I had , however , in spite of the more liberal Government of that time , to struggle with the greatest difficulties ; for the Romish priests incited the more fanatical part of the population against me , especially at Gratz . No inhabitant ventured on that account to let me any place for my first lectures , and I wus obliged to preach either in the riding school ( which could not be easily set on fire ) or in the open air . Men full of enthusiasm walked by my side in spite of the threats and curses of the clergy . After the fall of Vienna , in October , 1818 , my reforming efforts were cut short , and I went to Catholic Bavaria , where
I continued them with success . Immediately after the fall of Vienna , the Free Catholic Congregations were forbidden the exercise of their worship and meeting . The court-martial authorities of that day declared that they hud n <> right of existence from the Monarchy . The MiniHtei Stadion , so much praised and held up to the admiration of free England , the author of the famous constitution now no more , spoke the following reiiwukftulo words Jo the Vorstand of the Free Congregation oi
Vienna : — " Considering the Kuflicient number of rrligious confessions that are tolerated in Austria , » ev congregations would be a luxury . The members (^ these new congregations may easily reunite ^ themselves with those already having a lawful oxistenc' - under the Monarchy , or live without religion at a i they choose . " A noble instance this of tho Chn » u » faith of an Austrian Minister ! . The Free Congregations , however , did not < 11 HH () \ . i ,.....,.., ! .. ' .. * « i ... ! . ; .. « * r iiw > Minint «( i * . and a cm * themselves at the hint of the Minister and u "
, , persecution was commenced . One clergyman obliged to save himself by flight . Another , I uui » J name , wus imprisoned , and afterwards convey ^ ^ madhouse , where no one wuh allowed to » i >' i « him , or even to see him . The wardens ol Uic o ^ ^ rogations were deposed from their office , and oi ^ the most active of them thrown into prison . u " . ' 2 nd of May , 1841 ) , tho Consistory Court of tl » o Ar bishop of Vienna summoned a member ol one oi
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^ — [ In this department , as all opinions , however extreme , are allowed an expression , the editok necessarily holds himself responsible for none . ]
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 6, 1851, page 856, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1899/page/20/
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