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Leader (1850-1860), 18th October 1851, Edition Town of 2, Page 1001, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      « pnce nor to that of the many persons who conscientiously practise and recommend it , as the means of flevatin g the character of the great body of the npoDle Such men are objects of admiration rather than of pity , choosing as they do "total" abstinence rather than , " moderation , " not so much on their own account as on that of others , to whom , as experience tells them , the latter brings temptation , while the former removes it . The tone of the articles argues a want of acquaintance with the feelings and habits of men w ho are constant and devoted workers in the cause of political , social , and religious reform ; and who see that a people must be temperate to be wise , educated , and powerful .

      It is the urgency pf the case that has led them to the extreme of total abstinence . They see , or think they see , that participation in strong drink has been , for some years , made the means of the corruption of the People , by parties interested in their demoralization and consequent subjection ; and even if we hesitate to join in their choice of a remedy , we are bou to do justice to their honesty in recommending it , and not dismiss , with a sneer , exertions based on long and painfully acquired convictions . It must be remembered , also , that an appeal to Scriptural texts

      in support of the use of wine iB met by temperance advocates by an endeavour to show that unfermented wine is spoken of in those texts . Whether they are successful or not in this endeavour , it should not be ignored as it has been by the writers of your articles . I could wish that the question -were argued , in all cases , on the grounds of physiology and expediency ; but if men , on either side , think fit to connect it with their religious belief , it becomes us the more to conduct the discussion with gravity and earnestness . Yours most faithfully , Edmund It . La . rk . en .

      Untitled Article

      TEMPERANCE LOGIC . 11 , Bussell-place , October 13 , 1851 . Sib , —Mr . Cruikshank ' s reply to his interrogator wa s a gross specimen of temperance logic , and you made very excellent use of the occasion . J * ut yourreport wa « taken from the Times , and it was minus a very important word which Mr . Cruikshank used . That word was " intoxicating , " and is symbolical in the Temperance vocabulary of a theory which is of the last importance in the controversy . But even with the addition of this word , Mr . Cruikshank ' s answer may still be said to be evasive , as it is no reply to the question , " Did not Our Saviour make wine at the marriage feast at Cana ? " to retort , " Do you believe that he ever drank intoxicating wine ? " It would , however , have been quite pertinent to have rejoined , " Do you believe He ever made intoxicating wine ?" If I were asked that question , I should unhesitatingly reply , I do not believe it , and for these conclusive reasons : — First . The English word wine , as the symbol of the eastern article or thing does not necessarily imply an intoxicating liquor- The intoxicating property is not essential to constitute it wine . You are quite aware of this fact . It was evidently present to your mind when you wrote , " The Gospel of Temperance , according to Cruiksliank , " as in two important passages you use the words , " the fruit of the vine" and " the juice of the vine ; " to which the temperance theorist has not the shadow of an objection . If you consult the old authors , you will find

      abundant evidence in support of this view . lhe Greek historians , philosophers , and poets , not only refer to the fact , but give also particulars of the ways and means which were udopted to preserve the juice of the grape from fermentation ; thrf nutrition from being changed into a noxious property—the blessing into a curse . It is also important that we should noto what is signified by the term intoxicating . This word is of Greek origin , and is from the verb toxico , to poison . If , therefore , language is to be regarded as of any use in conveying a definite idea of the properties of things , which it undoubtedly is , and this in especially true of ancient words , the phrases "intoxicating liquor" and " poisonous liquor" are synonymous . Thus the conclusion . it » inevitable ; if our Saviour made an intoxicating , He made a poisonous wine .

      There is also satisfactory evidence in support of the view that on the festivo occasions to which you rofor , ¦ when wine was used , probably by the Saviour himself , that it was not of the poisonous kind . Intoxicating wine ia the result or product of fermentation ; and at the feast of the Passover all leaven , or ferment , was carefully excluded from the dwellings of the Jews . This in , I believe , incontewtably true as touching the Jews of Palestine in the daya of our Saviour , and is Htill regarded as of

      importance , oven at this remoto period among the more pious sons of Abraham . The wino of the 1 ' usnover ia often to this day neither port , sherry , nor champagne , but simply raiain water . Englishmen , however , have a notion thnt nothing is wine , except it be potent to Hush the check and lire the brain , to Htimulato the blood and drive away euro ; but this J'oiion is purely a Saxon vulgarian * , — a popular lallacy , which is as unsupported by evidence oh tho reply of Mr . Ctuiktthuiik waa evaWYO wul unflatiflwwtor y .

      Fearing to trespass on your space in the discussion of what you may perhaps consider a trivial question , I content myself with having given this birdseye view of the argument , and remain An Admirer op The Leader .

      Untitled Article

      MONEY MARKET AND CITY INTELLIGENCE Saturday . On Monday , Consols closed at 96 f ; on Tuesday , they touched at 97 , and left off at 96 | £ , remaining at that quotation until Thursday , when they advanced to 97 £ . The closing price yesterday was , Consols , 97 to J . The fluctuations of the week have been—Consols , from 96 J to 97 J : Bank Stock , from 211 to 2124 ; Exchequer Bills , from 48 s . to 5 Is . premium . In the official list the bargains in Foreign Stocks comprised—Chilian Three per Cents ., 65 and 66 ; Mexican , for money , 27 and 26 |; Spanish Five per Cints ., for money , 20 £ and f ; for the account , 20 £ and f ; Spanish Three per Cents ., 38 ; Venezuela , for account , 32 £ and 32 ; and Dutch Four per Cent . Certificates , 90 i and 90 .

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      Oct . 18 , 1851 . ] «•« ILtdlitV . 1001

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      Modern Priests . —The true priests of every age are they who lead its intellect and touch its heart ; but at the present time it is the press alone that guides and instructs , whilst the clergy are content to trade in the superstitions of the people . Sooner or later a priesthood must and will be regarded simply and solely as the moral teachers of mankind , and their spiritual power over the souls of men will be commensurate with the depth of their personal inspiration . — From Westminster Review for October .

      Fight with a Grizzly Bear . —I now took a long farewell of the horses , and turned northward , selecting a line close in by the base of the hills , going along at an improved pace , with a view of reaching the tradingpost the same night ; but , stopping in a gully to look for water , I found a little pool , evidently scratched out by a bear , as there were footprints and claw-marks about it ; and I was aware instinct prompts that brute where water is nearest the surface , when he scratches until he comes to it . This was one of very large size , the footmark behind the toes being full nine inches ; and although I had my misgivings about the prudence of a tete-a-tete with a great grizly bear , still the " better

      part of valour" -was overcome , as it often is , by the anticipated honour and glory of a single combat , and conquest of such a ferocious beast . I was well armed , too , with my favourite rifle , a Colt ' s revolver , that never disappointed me , and a nondescript weapon , a sort of cross betwixt a claymore and a bowie-knife ; so , after capping afresh , hanging the bridle on the horn of the saddle , and staking my mule , I followed the trail up a gully , and much sooner than I expected came within view and good shooting distance of Bruin , who was seated erect , with his side towards me , in front of a manzanita bush , making a repast on his favourite berry . The sharp click of the cock causing him to turn

      quickly round , left little time for deliberation ; so , taking a ready good aim at the region of the heart , I let drive , the ball ( as I subsequently found ) glancing along the ribs , entering the armpit , and shattering smartly some of the shoulder bones . I exulted as I saw him stagger and come to his side ; the next glance , however , revealed him , to my dismay , on all fours , in direct pursuit , but going lame ; so I bolted for the mule , sadly encumbered with a huge pair of Mexican spurs , the nervous noise of the crushing brush close in my rear convincing me he was fast gaining on me ; I therefore dropped my rifle , putting on fresh steam , and reaching the rope , pulled up the

      picket-pin , and , springing into the saddle with merely a hold of the lariat , plunged the spurs into the mule , which , much to my affright , produced a kick and a retrograde movement ; but in the exertion , having got a glimpse of my pursuer , uttering a snort of terror , he went off at a pace I did not think him capable of , soon widening the distance betwixt us and the bear ; but having no means of guiding his motions , he brought me violently in contact with the arm of a tree , which unhorsed and stunned me exceedingly . Scrambling to my feet as well as I could , I saw my relentless enemy close at hand , leaving me the only alternative of ascending a tree ; but in my hurried and

      nervous efforts , I had scarcely my feet above his reach , when he was right under , evidently enfeebled by the loss of blood , as the exertion made it well out copiously . After a moment ' s pause , and a fierce glare upwards from his bloodshot eyes , he clasped the trunk ; but I saw his endeavours to climb were crippled by the wounded shoulder . However , by the aid of his jaws , he just succeeded in reaching the first branch with his sound arm , and was working convulsively to bring up the body , when , with a welldirected blow from my cutlass , I completely severed the tendons of tho foot , and he instantly fell , with a dreadful souse and horrific growl , the blood spouting

      up as if impelled from a jot ; he arose again somewhat tardily , and limping round the tree with upturned eyes , kept tearing off the bark with hia tusks . However , watching my opportunity , and leaning downwards , I sent a ball from my revolver with such good effect immediately behind tho head , that he dropped ; and my nerves being now rather more composed , I leisurely distributed the remaining five balls in the most vulnerable parts of his carcase . liy this time I Haw the muscular system totally relaxed , ho I descended with confidence , and found him quite dead , and myself not a little enervated with

      the excitement and the effects of my wound , which bled profusely from tho temple ; ho much so , that I thought an artery was ruptured . I bound up my head as well as I could , loaded my revolver anew , and returned for my riile ; but as evening was approaching , and my mule gone , I had little time to survey the dimensionH of my fallen foe , and no means of packing much of his UohIi . I therefore hastily hacked oil' a few Htcuks from bis thigh , and hewmg off one of his bindfeet an a sure trophy of victory , 1 wet out towards tho trading-post , which I reached about midnight , my friend and my truant mulo boing thero before mo , but no horses , —Koltyt California ,

      Untitled Article

      HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK . ( From the Registrar-General ' s Report . ) Nine hundred and fifty-three deaths were registered in London in the week ending last Saturday . The average of ten corresponding weeks in 1841-60 was 922 ; but as population increased during the ten years and up to the present time , the average , to be rendered comparable with last week ' s mortality , must be raised in proportion to the increase . The average thus corrected may be

      stated as 1014 , on which the deaths of last week show a decrease of 61 . The zymotic or epidemic class of diseases produced 242 deaths , or more than a fourth of the total amount , while the corrected average is 278 . The number of fatal cases ascribed to smallpox is 18 , all of which occurred to children , and in none is it stated that the patients had been previously vaccinated . The neglect of vaccination is repeatedly noticed by the registrars , and their observations on this subject deserve attention .

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      Cnmmtrrial % Mw .

      Untitled Article

      BANK OF ENGLAND . An Account , pursuant to the Act 7 th and 8 th Victoria , cap . 32 , for the week ending- on Saturday , October 11 , 1851 . ISSUE DEPARTMENT . £ £ . Notes issued .... 28 , 454 , 780 Government Debt , 11 , 015 100 Other Securities .. 2 , 984 , 900 Gold Coin and Bullion 14 , 421 , 406 Silver Bullion .... 33 , 375 £ 28 , 454 , 780 £ 28 , 454 , 780 BANKING DEPARTMENT . £ £ Proprietors'Capital . 14 , 553 , 000 Government Secu-Rest 3 , 102 , 71 ) 1 rities ( including Public Deposits ( in- Dead-weight Aneluding Exche- nuity ) 13 , 464 , 216 nupr " Savings * Other Securities > . 14 , 337 , 386 Banks , Commis- Notes 8 , 883 , 160 eioners of National Gold and Silver Debt , and Divi- Coin 59 j , 813 dend Accounts ) .. 9 , 728 , 421 * O tlier Deposits 8 , 683 , 515 Seven-day andother Bills 1 , 212 ^ 848 £ 37 , 280 , 575 £ 37 , 280 , 075 Dated October 11 , 1851 . M . Marshall , Chief Cashier .

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      BRITISH FUNDS FOR THE l'AST WEEK . ( Closing Prices . )

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      Satur . Hand . Tues . Wedn . Thurs . Frid . Bank Stock .... 211 * 31 * 4 *}*\ 2 } f { 2 ' ' r 5 2 } 3 \ 3 i ) erCtKed 96 96 ' - > GJ ( J « 1 J 6 3 % 1 3 j ! C Con . Ans . 97 J _ 9 « 2 _ % l _ 96 * J > JJ J > 7 _ . 3 fct . Co " .. . !?!; . " % i [ « J 6 J 36 3 " / , 9 « jf » 7 3 ( p . Cent . An . 974 l M € - " 8 97 S Wi ! " 2 N ew 5 per Cta . —— ~ Louie Ans ., 1860 . « 3 7 0 7 Iu . l . St . l 04 i > -ct . 260 2 G 2 2 « i — ——Ditto Honda .. 55 p 57 p 51 p 57 p 51 p 59 p ' , Kx . Bills , 1000 J . 48 p 51 p 46 p 51 p Cri p 51 p Ditto 5 ) 0 i . .. 49 p 49 p 44 p 51 p 52 p 51 p Ditto , Small 48 p 50 p 47 p 51 p 52 p 51 p

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      FOREIGN FUNDS . ( Last Official Quotation during the Week ending Friday Evening . ) Austrian 5 per Cents . — Mexican 5 per Ct . Ace . 20 ] IU'l K iaii Hda ., 44 p . Ct . 94 $ 8 inall .. .. 26 j $ Brazilian 5 per Cento . 87 Neapolitan 5 pur Cents . — Buenos AyreB 6 p . CtB . 4 S Peruvian 4 $ per Cents . 87 j Chilian 6 per Centa . .. 104 Portuguese 5 per Cent . — Dunialif ) per Cents . .. 102 H 4 \ wr Ota . 324 Dutch '¦!{ per Cunts ... 59 ft Annuities — . 4 pur Centu . .. 90 Ruauiaii , 1822 , 4 ^ p . Cta . 101 £ Ecuador Bonds .. 3 A Span . Activoa , 5 p . Cta . 20 if French f > p . C . An . ati ' aria 91 . 80 Passive .. 54 3 p . Ctu ., Julyll , 55 . 70 Deferred .. —

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      SHARKS . Last Official Quotation for Week ending Friday Evening . Raii . wayh . Banks . A )>< -rde <;) i -- - '•> £ Australasian .. —" Briatol and Exeter .. — British North American 4 ft Caledonian .. .. 11-J Colonial .. - • - ~ Kimtfrn Ootmtien .. f > 4 Commercial of London .. — Edinburgh and GlaHgow — London and W « intmiiiHter •«' ( Jrout Northern .. .. 15 g London Joint Stork . - ¦ ^* liieatH . Kc W . ( Ireland ) — National of Irclan . l .. ( ireat Western .. .. Kl-J National l ' rovni . jiul .. — I , ancntthir « anil Yorkshire 55 1 ' rovinclalo < l r « iiliuiU .. LaiicuHUir and Oarlinlo — j / nion of A ,, Htr » lia .. . » . » 4 I ^ Hiii .. Hri liton , JfcH . Coast ! Mi l / llil > n of | j ° mwkb . ** London and Blarkwull .- <» , ( , " London and N .-Wo-ton . 1 JJ o-. oh . „ .- _ Mi . lla . id . .. - « i , i to . Ht . Join , . ltd Key 19 North UritlHh .. - r « l ,.-, Cornier - ¦ 3 * 9 Y : ric % W « rrU- « .. rwi « K jHj A ,.. lr : iuu Agricultural 15 VorU and No ^ t .. M ,-Iand 1 HJ < £ „ «! . ^ •¦ -- «* ,- . i wilt India . Ha l onin « . & Oriental Steam 67 $ KRHt and VVeut India . g 8 JJ !? £ . «* & •• » 76 aouWurtrrtto „ 93 *

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 18, 1851, page 1001, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1905/page/21/