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VOL . III . No . 127 . 1 SATURDAY , AUGUST 28 , 1852 . [ Price Sixpence
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WH&l& ^ me ^ c _^ extreme stagnation , tb ^ e coft ^ 6 es ? 'to be some ^ wup- ; ply of political excitement from abroad . Scarcely has the Fishery dispute been brought to a cou-v elusion , ere a new American question is raised , ' not indeed directly concerning this cOunjtry , biit collaterally threaieningratLer serious complications . It will be rememb ' el-ed that the British Minister for Foreign Affairs was urged by certain persons in the City to protect British ships in the forcible visitation of the Lobos Islands for the purpose of collecting guano , and that he declined , on the ground that those islands had always been treated as part of the territory of Peru . Exactly the same application has been made to the Government of the United States , with an exactly opposite conclusion ; and on most extraordinary grounds . Mr . Webster lays down three ways in which islands may be attached to territory—by lying within a marine league of the shore , by first discovery , or by occupancy . And as "this department is not aware " that the Lobos Islands were either discovered or occupied b y Spain or Peru , he thinks it " quite probable that Benjamin Morrell , jun ., who , as master of the schooner Watson , of New York , visited those islands in September , 1823 , may justly claim to be their discoverer ; " and therefore the Government of the United States orders a warship to protect American citizens in forcibly taking guano . The notion that a visitor in 1823 could hi ! the " discoverer" of the islands , is almost as ludicrous as the mode in which Mr . Webster places the i gnorance of " this department" respecting certain well-known facts amongst the data for his conclusion . The aggression on Peru is accompanied by an avowed dislike and jealousy of Great Britain . Jt is the . Government in Washington which now seems to be risking the duration of peace . * he uneasiness across the Atlantic gives some "h ght interest to the Jamaica meeting in Liverpool ; where a hint was again thrown out , that the illused and discontented West Indians , if they cannot "btaiu more satisfaction from the British Government , may " cut the painter , " and drift towards the United States . We have got so used to the threat that we have learned to disregard it ; but » t does sometimes happen that repeated menaces we fulfilled . [ Town Edition . ]
In France , the Prince-President has fallen upon eyil auguries , if not as yet upon evil days , AU-tbe : \ syiii 0 jtei ^ V ^ jj $ ^ J&tiu& ^ t 4 $ ^^ I ^^^^^^^ c scprnr \ ll > wimls—a ^ yff ^ iWt * j * y ^> inttfkfiigj wnd S ^ nehaniet ^ i ^^^^^ fi ^^ oirks ; l ' H- ^ he ^ Ji | i | ig ^<^^ ¦ & £ && £ Mat fflij ^ i fa !^^ 9 ? the ilalle obstreperously discontented , the popularity-hunting masqueraders of the Elyse " e confused and dismayed , and the rain flooding dancers and decorations with contempt . No wonder that Louis Napoleon should be demoralized and moody at St . Cloud . Repulsed by the silence of the populace , by the darkened windows of the bourgeoisie , he courts enthusiasm among the fishfags , and they hoot his ill-graced ministers , who have not even the courage of their own folly and of their own servility . The press is hunted down , and springs up in a thousand unsuspected shapes and disguises . The petitions for the Empire are pushed again , by authority ; for time presses , and the Star already wanes . The army , indeed , is announced to be reduced ; but as a strong reserve force is mentioned , it is rather a re-organization than a reduction , to throw dust in the eyes of Europe . As a measure of retrenchment , t . lu » nnnouncomtnt would indicate the sense of a financial crisis looming in no distant future : but as a pacific demonstration , let M . de Pcrsigny , our new guest , speak for its sincerity . In the presence of subjects like these , the continued reports of a split in the English Cabinet , probable as they arc , possess but little interest . Everybody knows that the Cabinet lacks the great elements of unity—success and self-confidence . Its shaking condition is contrasted with demonstrations , like the statue inauguration at Leeds , that continue even yet to keep alive the memory of their great opponent , Sir Robert Peed . The continued uncertainty of the weather renders the prospect of the harvest daily more adverse , and the" enemies of Ministers are almost chuckling over a calamity which will give the Protection party its coup tie < jr ( u : e . Their great . source of safety lies in the fact that all parties dislike ; them , but -upon opposite grounds ; so that the antagonizing pressures keep them up in the middle .
Amongst the half political movements about -the ; couatry , ' the meeting at , the Hollow Meadows ; J ?« rni ; : near , toSheffield , ; is one of the most interesting . ! :: Jrijspiteiof every impediment and adverse Ipfflg « osticV _ this reclaiming farm is successfully . established . Guided by their able clerk , Mr . Watkinson , the Poor Law Guardians have suc-^ O ^ eded in showing what reproductive employment Hpan do ^ ia improving the moral tone of the paupers , and in checking merely idle applications for relief from the able-bodied . At the meeting , many well-known persons were present , —among them Lord Goderich , the newly-elected member for Hull , and a member of the Poor Law Reform Association . That the Poor Law is a lever which may be used in elevating the condition of the working classes is a fact daily becoming better understood , and a continually extending knowledge of the truth is now guaranteed by the number of practical , able , and earnest men that have addressed themselves to the task . Reproductive employment is better than compulsory emigration , like that attempted in Bradford , to clear it of the used-up class of woolcoinbcrs . Though voluntary emigration is a good thing , and in default of better measures it is beginning to tell powerfully on the condition of the labouring class . It does not yet appear to ilag ; in the Times of Wednesday more than two columns were filled with advertisements of ships about to sail for different parts of Australia ! To the dnll season the railway companies an ; contributing their peculiar share of excitement . Accidents have been very rife . That at Itoltou , although not so fatal as some , exceeds all that have gone before it in extravagancy . At tin ; IJoIton station , through various circumstances of" confusion and unpuuctiiality , live trains are brought to a stand , besides a sixth in advance , " and out of the way ; " though of course it pre-occupied a siding . Emerging from a curve that is almost covered by tunnels and bridges , unchecked by sigflals , a seventh train dashes up , and several carriages an ; smashed . An c ' ujhth train , it is reported , barely escaped the same disaster . The pointsman who neglected the signal has avoided inquiry by hanging himself ; hut of course the public will not suffer him to b <; made the scapegoat for all the elaborate mismanagement which conspired to build ii ]» this gigantic " accident . " The less , as iilmowt simultaneously appears the report of the
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r « ie r » F THE WEEK— PAGB Glasgow on Direct Taxation 820 The True A g ricultural Boat 825 LITERATURE— "" - """ , ' NEWS Dublin Exhibition of 1853 820 Transportation of the Condemned Doubleday on Social Science 829 Self-supporting Farm of the Sheffield Illegal Orange Processions . 820 Woolcombers at Bradford ......... U 45 Specimens of Indian Poetry 830 Union 814 Captain Shepheard once more 820 The Three Poachers of Workmgton 826 ^ B nc ^ ^ Rev t ioa 831 A Guano " Difficulty" 815 The « Mysterious Stranger" 821 International and Colonial Postage 826 Plato ' s Republic 831 Letters from Paris 816 Trial of the Thames •« Wreckers" ... 821 The Co-operative Movement .... 826 831 Continental Notes 817 Skittle Sharping ....: 821 The Errors of the Temperance Ad-International Postage ... ' 817 Miscellaneous 821 vocacy .......... 8 Z 7 PORTFOLIOMr . F . O . Ward ' s Pic-Nic on the Health of London during the Platt on the Passions 8-7 Letters of a Vagabond 832 proposed Metropolitan Gathering Week 822 The Fairy Wife 831 Ground 818 Births , Marriages , and Deaths 822 OPEN COUNCIL Progress of Association 818 , THE ARTSScrew Steamers for Australia 818 POSTSCRIPT . 823 The Ttecent Co-operative Conference 82 S Skakspeare a ^ ain in the Provinces ... 834 Scientific Air Voyage 818 The Temperance Cause 828 Eailways in 1851 819 PUBLIC AFFAIRS— The Turbulent Clique at the Dublin rnMMPRriAL AFFAIRSSugar Treason 819 The « Felonial" Office 824 Mechanics - Institute 828 COMMERCIAL AH-AIK& Shameful Eailway Accident 819 Concert in Eailway Administration 824 To Continental Leaders 828 Markets , Advertisements , &c ... 834-83
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" The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness , is the Idea cf Humanly—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudide and one-sided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions or Kciu'ion Country , and Colour , to treat the whole'Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature . " — -XCwmboldtfa Cosmos .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 28, 1852, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1949/page/1/
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