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Girardin , since his fatal rencontre with Carrel , has , I believe , been converted from duelling . Granier has no alternative bufc to challenge his adversary ; but it does not seem probable that his challenge will be deemed more respectable by the editor of the Presse than it was by M . Creton , who refused either to fight or to apologise , after having called M . Granier in the Assembly a miserable pamphleteer . The Presse has since received a second " warning , " by way of a reply . The French Government is reported to have rosolved on taking steps for the prevention of certain English papers being circulated in France . A bureau will be opened at the Post Office for the express purpose of examining the English papers , the least inconvenience of which will be to retard their delivery . The correspondent of the Morning Advertiser has received notice , that in case of continued offence he will be expelled the country .
At a dinner given recently by a great capitalist in Paris , General Haynau was present . To a " delicate allusion " on the part of a French officer , the General replied , with thanks for the opportunity of clearing up so grave a calumny as that of woman-flogging . It was true a lady had been flogged ; but , on his word as a soldier , he himself was sixty leagues from the place , and had reprimanded the officer who ordered the punishment . That he was severe he avowed , but only on duty . As to the charge of having murdered eighteen persons in cold blood , they were sentenced by the tribunals : he had only the power of preventing the execution , which , however , he could not do consistently with justice and duty . The General says nothing of the atrocities committed under his orders at the storming of Brescia ( see General William Pope ' s account ) , scarcely equalled by the darkest horrors of war in the middle ages .
The JSfeto Gazette of the Oder mentions , that during the Emperor of Austria ' s recent journey in Hungary he promised the most liberal rewards to any one who should find the crown of St . Stephen , which disappeared in the revolution . His Majesty has promised a million of florins to three magnates , who are suspected of being in correspondence with Eossuth , if they should succeed in discovering the crown . The clergy have called on their flocks to give all the information in their power on this subject . The Lieutenant-Governor of Venice has published a " sovereign resolution , " declaring the revolutionary loan , and all " patriotic paper , " meaning thereby the revolutionary paper money , null and void .
General Filangieri has left Ischia for Palermo . A plot is said to have been discovered at Castrogiovanni , in Sicily . By a convention just concluded between Russia and the Papal See , the vessels of Russia are admitted to all the immunities of Roman ports , on conditions of reciprocity . The King of Naples has granted full pardon to the 647 galley slaves who constructed the dry dock , inaugurated at Naples on the 15 th , under the direction of the Prince of Ischitella , Minister of Marine . The Madiais of Florence ( persons of unimpeachable character ) , who ( it may be remembered ) were arrested on the night of August 17 , 1851 , on a charge of being Protestants , reading their H / bles , and inducing others to do the same , have been tried and found guilty after a year ' s imprisonment , and sentenced , the men to 56 months of
solitary confinement , with labour , and the women to 46 , with labour also . The Prussian Charg 6 d'Affaires , as the representative of a Protestant Sovereign , has protested against the sentence being carried into effect . We do not hear of any protest from the English Minister . . English Protestantism evaporates at homo in Exeter Hall , and abroad sympathizes officially with governments that persecute Protestants , and is on the best terms witli Louis Bonaparte , the King of Naples , and the Grand Duke of Tuscany ; while in Franco 'Protestants are forbidden to meet for prayer ; at Napluti a Protestant teacher is driven houselcsa into the streets ; and at Florence pious Protestant parents are sentenced to u life- of solitary confinement and hard labour for reading their Bibles . So much for the sincerity of Exeter Hall !
Tlie Duke of Cambridge ( our Inspector-General of Cavalry ) is on a visit , to the King of Prussia , assisting at the grand military manoeuvres , including regular siege operations , at SI ell in . The Vienna G-aze . tte continues to publish the sentences of the Penth court-martial . Recently it contained live columns of this intelligence , concluding with , "To be continued in our next . " The Duchess of Orleans will leave Switzerland for her former asylum at Kisenach in the course of this week . The King of Sweden arrived at Zurich on the ' 25 th . Disastrous accounth are given of the inundations in the valley of the Alps in parts of Switzerland and in Savoy . Tho Queen of Spain in reported to be again unceintti . A Helgian journal has the following on the subject of the recent conventions between France and Uel ^ ium : —
" We leum that one of 1 lie eonm'quenceH oi the treaty ol the 2 ' 2 nd , relative to literary and nrl . ist . icn I property , will be the creation of an oflice lor t he direction of allah-H connected with books , in the department of the Interior . We think we may also nay thai , before the rut ilicnl ion of the trenty I he Helgian publishers uucl booksellers will he hound Io present , a complete inventory ol" all the reprinted l'Yoneh books which they have in their establishments , and an many stamps m ' they mIiiiII have declared works will be delivered to them , which they will themselves place on the covers of the works in their possession . From the date of I he publication of ( . he treaty , any French book reprinted , which hIiiiII not , bear the Hla . np required by the law , may be seized on the premises of tho bookseller or the printer . The seizure is the only penalty to bo indicted . "
The Belgian printern are up ' in arms at , Lho prospect ol Inning their busy trade of Cotitrcfaron . A monument , to Titian wan inaugurated at Venice on the I 7 t , h , with civil and military honoimt . In tho midHt of royal and imperial progronHON , King Cholera pursues hifl dreadful march . It »« important to
watch his stealthy steps , so as to be able to j udge from precedent how soon wo may expect ( if we are doomed to expect ) his arrival in England . The following is the latest intelligence of his movements . The Berlin correspondent of the Times , writing on the 28 th ult ., says : — " The cholera has reached Konigsberg , two fatal cases having occurred on the 26 th . " From Dantzic the accounts are to tho 25 th . The cholera had increased , and there were at that date from 40 to 50 new cases daily . Several cases had occurred among the higher classes of the inhabitants . From the first appearance of the disease to the 25 th , there had been 308 cases , of which 145 were fatal . The troops of the garrison had suffered more in proportion to their number than the civilians .
" In the town of Posen there were 70 new cases on the 27 th , of which 29 were fatal ; on the same date there were 428 persons under treatment . In Miloslaw the disease had increased . In Zerko and Smilowo the epidemic had shown itself , and also at Lissa , in . tho immediate neighbourhood of Breslau . The Breslauer Zeitung gives a gloomy description of the continued prevalence of the pest at Pleschen . " The Kreuz Zeitung states , from Marienburg on the 26 th , that the disease was still spreading there , and increasing in severity , especially in Weichselwerder and Nogatwerder . " Isolated cases are spoken of at Vienna .
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BRITISH SUBJECTS IN ITALY . Mb . Mather it appears was not destined to be the only Englishman subjected to Austrian outrages . The name of Mr . Newton , whose case we noticed last week , must be joined to his ; and probably , judging from the temper of the Austrian officials these two will have other companions . The particulars of the outrage inflicted on Mr . Newton , at Verona , are thus detailed by Mr . W . J . Newton , his father , in a letter to the Times , dated Aug . 28 th : — "My son ( an architect ) was returning homewards through Verona from his extensive travels , and while examining a part of the fortifications was arrested by the sentinel on duty and taken to the guardhouse ; and although he proved he was not sketching ( for that was the charge
-F .,. ^ -, i i -mr ^ ? - •>« . 7-Tl . Tagainst him ) , as iny son had only Murray ' s Guide Book and a plan of Verona in his hands , he was nevertheless kept one hour and a half , and thence conveyed to the police , and there detained two hours and a half . My son naturally remonstrated , and inquired why he was thus treated ; but the only answer he could obtain was , ' That is an affair of the military authorities . ' A person was then ordered to accompany my son to his hotel and examine all his drawings and papers ( which he did in the most searching manner ) , and if ' nothing was found of an objectionable character , ' the orders were to discharge my son j and although nothing of that kind was discovered ( there being nothing ) , still he was taken back to tho police office and finally conveyed to prison , without being allowed to go back to his hotel to take some food—he not having had
anything since breakfast , and it being then half-past ten o ' clock at night . His keys and everything lie had in his pockets were taken from him on arriving at the prison . "My son states that the dungeon was of a ' most loathsome character '; that He was confined all night , in perfect darkness , with two low characters ( one , I believe , a malefactor ) ; and that ho had only a straw mattress on the ground to repose upon , and which proved to be full of vermin . My son adds , that , what with hunger and fatigue both of body and mind , ' the horrors of that night are beyond description . ' " The following morning he was so ill and exhausted that , when a person came with sorao food at eight o ' clock , he could not take any ; and , in short , ho was detained until four o ' clock on that day , and then liberated without any charge being made against him . had food since breakfast
" in this weak state ( not having on tho preceding day ) my son could scarcely walk ; but so soon as ho was able he stated his case in writing , and conveyed it to Marshal ltadetzky , who after threo days referred him to tho Governor of Verona . My son was , however , treated bo rudely by this official that ho was not allowed to . state his cast ) , but was ordered to leave the house , which , of course , he did , and then my son considered it , right to inform Marshal Kadotzky of the nature of that interview . " My sun waited in Verona threo or four days afterwards in expectation that Homo explanation would have- been given to him ; but in failure of which . ho retraced his steps to Venice , and there laid bin caso before her Majesty ' s Consul , who was at , last induced to take nomo Hteps in this act , of aggression and outrage . to
" Upon leaving Venice my hoii was again exposed annoyance at , tho railway station- his ticket , was taken from ' him and alibis luggage voxatiously examined , by which be was detained beyond t . ho departure of the train , ho that be not , only lost , biH time but , bis money also , lie was in like manner exposed to great annoyance- at Milan afterwards . " We tjuiUi agree with Mr . W . . ) . 'Newton , " that such gross treatment of an unoffending Itrifish mibject in u foreign country culls aloud for repumUon and apology from the proper quarter . However , " lit ) continueH , " nothing can compensate my hoij lor tho misery of mind and body to which he has hern exposed ; and lOnglinh travellers in tlu > Austrian Slates of Italy will bear in mind the risk they run , and the penalty they
are liable to pay lor the pleasure in contemplating works of mi . " When shall wo have a truly national ministry whom the Austrian l > urliuriunn will respect , or who will make themselves respected Y Clearly the iiiuno of Mulincsbury in a byeword in Loinlmrdy and Vienna J
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AMERICAN DIFFICULTIES . We have had two mails in from the United States tv week , bringing news to the 21 st of August Tn 7 * are two distinct sets of opinions as to the state of n ? fishery question ; one reciting that matters are f » more warlike , and even that England is disposed t enforce the treaty ; another , the probabl y more correct that the dispute is all but wound up , and that we hav given way : in fact , that the revelations of the Standard some time since , are substantially-true . ' The Washington correspondent of the New York Herald , writing from Washington on the 20 th , state that the Committee on Foreign Relations did not con sider that they were called upon to take any step to wards a settlement of the fisheries question , believing it to be the duty of the President to take the initi ^ tive , and , after the example of General Washington lay his views before Congress , and ask for advice '
" In such event , " says the Herald ' s correspondent "it is highly probable the British Government would early become acquainted with our ultimatum . In . anv event , unless the British Government disavows an intention of forcing her construction of the treaty by an armed " force , retaliatory duties will be imposed . The official advices received by the last steamer by Mr . Crampton hV ^ is stated , upon what I deem good authority , confirm the opinion that the British Government are determined to press the offensive construction of the treaty , as interpreted by the Crown officers , and upheld upon all occasions by the Earl of Derby , while Lord Stanley . The English Government will not listen to any negotiations for opening the fisheries , unless such negotiations also embrace the whole subject of reciprocal trade with all the
provinces . That Congress in its present condition , excited by a British fleet on our northern borders , and called upon to make concessions almost under duress , will consent to such negotiations , is out of the question . The fish difficulty must be settled by itself before any reciprocity measures for Canada will be listened to . It is the opinion of many leading and distinguished men here , that if England persists in carrying out the offensive attitude which it is on good authority believed she has determined upon , by forcing the headland construction of the treaty , serious difficulties must arise . When the subject comes up again in the Senate , it will be seen that recent information has greatly embittered the feelings of that body . England must back out . "
But Senator Seward , in his great speech , made on the 14 th of August , a speech delivered after a consultation with Mr . Webster and Mr . Crampton , not only sweeps away the idea of war as preposterous , but points out that England has had actually fewer guns on the fishing station than formerly ; and that the alarm arose from the unofficial information supplied to the public by Mr . Webster . He describes both countries as non-aggressive , and shows that all along tho . practical understanding of the treaty of 1818 has been , that American fishermen should fish without the threo mile coast line . Besides , it is not the interest of England to go to war : —
"England is a creditor nation . Wo are debtors to her . Heaven knows how much capital is not accumulated in England . It is a capital that has been gathered through a thousand years , by a nation of wonderful and worldsearching sagacity , industry , and enterprise . Wo employ of that capital all that wo can obtain , for we have need of it all to bring at once into sudden development and perfection vast and perpetually extending regions , which for near ( 5 , 000 years were , by civilized man , unt , roddon and unknown . A largo portion of our public debt is owned in England . Largo masses of our State debts arc owned there . In addition to that , our merchants aro indebted to England I know not how much ; but I have known tho time when tho whole public and private debt of the United States was not less than 25 O , O 00 , O ( X ) dollars . The intorost on this debt constitutes tho support of a considerable
portion ol the British community . England , then , cannot wisely desire nor safely daro ft war with tho United States . Sho knows all this and more —that war with tho United States about these fisheries woultl find the United States able to surround tho British colonies . Sho would find that tho dream of conouost ot those colonies which broke upon us ovun in the dawn ot the revolution , when we tendered them an invitation to join their forluncH with ours , and followed it with tho sword—that dream which returned ugain in IBIti , when wo attempted to subjugate them by forco—woultl eomo over us again , and that now , when wo liavo matured tlio strength to take them , we should find the provinces willingly consenting to captivity . A war about Uuwo fisheries woultl be a war which would rosuU either in "
independence of the British provinces , or in their annexation to tho United States . 1 devoutly pray God that that consummation may come—the sooner the bettor ; I't't do not deaire it at tho coat of war or of injustice . 1 » m oonUiiit , to wait , for the ripened food wliii ' h must f «"' - know the wisdom of England too well to boliovo that sm » would hazard shaking that fruit into our hamls , tor an that sho could hopo to gain by insisting on or oiiiorciiif , with armed power the rigorous construction of the convention concerning tho colonial finhcrioa . Sir , what , is tho condition of England for a war with tho United States at this moment P Jler power has » tMmt ' . *" t . ondod over tho Kant , and flho employs nearly nil ll ( ' *"" .,,, in India and in Africa to maintain horsolf againsti ' ' <' natives of tho ono continent and tho savages ol tho «»«" At this vory moment , those- who understand her wn «" ™ bosL say that her home defences art ) inadequate to proww * her ajfftiniJt an invasion by Itowce . Wiee and able otaioomffa ,
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840 THE LEADER , [ Saturi > ay ,
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 4, 1852, page 840, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1950/page/4/
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