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xtr representing the ruling : And prevailing interest of the n trv demand of the Parliament to add to their dewea by establishing a militia ; and it is a great party ! mestion in that kingdom whether the safety of England hall be secured by such an increase , or whether it shall be lpft exposed to an invader . What is the condition of English power in Canada and . tke British provinces P They have never , since the war ' n 1812 , had so small a military force in those provinces as nw The Imperial Government has maintained heretofore of naval defence lakesBut within
some show upon our . the last six months it has broken up the whole naval force there and now none whatever exists . While thus showing the supposed motives to peace on the part of Great Britain , I confess that peace is no less the interest and the instinct of our own country . The United States might aggrandize themselves by war , but they are sure to be aggrandized by peace . I thank God that the peace of the world is largely sub j ect to the control of these two great powers ; and that , while they have common dispositions toward harmony , neither has need of war to establish its character for firmness or for courage . Each has had enough of
' The camp , the host , the fight , the conqueror ' s career . '" The Hartford Daily Times , a Connecticut paper , offers a different reason why war is improbable : — " Since the World ' s Fair there has been an increasing friendship springing up between the people of this country and England ; and we are happy to say that it is not confined entirely to the masses . Lord Palmereton and other eminent English statesmen have expressed themselves as decidedly favourable to a closer intimacy and a still greater reciprocity of friendly feelings and of commercial interchange . On our part this sentiment has been received with favour , and liberal views are almost daily expressed by our leading men in all parts of the country .
We cannot believe that u \ is the will of the English people to crowd us into a war on that question ; assuredly it is not for their interests to do so . As a marked evidence of the friendly feelings existing on the part of the people of England in relation to the people of this country and of our great inventors and manufacturers , we would refer to the warm-hearted letter of Lord Pabnerston to Col . Colt , which was published a few months since . In this letter , Lord P . expressed his admiration of the great perfection to which Col . Colt had brought his powerful arm—the repeating pistol—and took occasion also to express his views of the importance of a fraternal feeling and a liberal policy between England and the United States . "
Illustrative of this is the fact that a grand ball has been given at St . John ' s , New Brunswick , to Commodore Perry , of the Mississippi . English officers and the New Brunswickers got it up , and attended it ; and the stars and stripes and union-jack hung side by side . The St . John ' s News has the following : — " This exchange of international courtesies we are proud to see . How much better this than unkind expressions and an exchange of hot shot and spilling of blood . War between Bugiuna ami America may ao wen enough , to tallc about by brainless sumphs—not by men of sense . It is worthy of mention that on Sunday last the harbour of St . John presented an American caste of character . There were tjwelve large American ships lying at anchor , with their ensigns flying at the peak , as well as the war steamer Mississippi . Jonathan ruled the waves in port that day .
" While upon this subject , we may mention that the case of these colonies is a hard one . The effect of a little excitement has been that Mr . Crampton has told Mr . Webster that the treaty shall remain a dead letter for the present . To pacify the American Government , Mr . Crampton is willing to set aside altogether the treaty as already understood , and allow our neighbours greater privileges than they have over yet enjoyed . In the meantime Bluonoso is compelled to look on and grumble , if ho will . The next news , perhaps , will bo that England is willing to yield our fisheries into the hands of the Americans , without offering us a quid pro quo in return . What say our Government to this ? Do they intend to remonstrate , or , as usual , allow the country to bo trampled upon without sayin ir u word ?"
Apart from these great international questions , tho koIo newH is of accidents . One is especially dreadful . Two steamers camo into collision on the 20 th August , on Lako Erie , near Buffalo , the Atlantic and tho Oi / ihmshury . A dense fog prevailed at tho time , and , as tho numerous passengers on board the Atlantic , eomposed chiefly of Norwegian emigrants , were unablo to nee the exact nature of their danger , they wero greatly alarmed , and several leuped overboard . Tho captain endeavoured to restore confidence , and tho
steamer kept on her cour . se , tho officers hoping to be able to reuoh port , although the bout was leaking badly ; tho water , however , gained rapidly on them , despite the cll ' orts of the crew , and by tho timo they had proeeeiled about two miles from the spot whore the oollision took place , it was found that the vessel was rapidly Ninkiiifr , \\ w ( in > H ; ,, \\ M ongin « vroom being extinguished by the water . Tho emigrants , who could not underhand a word spoken to them , by their cries and terror added to the horror of the scone . Tho cabin
passenger ,,, and all who could bo uuulo to understand , were exhorted by the captain and oflioors to remain in the cabin , and provide themselves with chairs , settees , beds , Siv .., all of whieh were patent , life-preservers , and would buoy them up in the water . Numbers , however , ""heeding or not understanding the advice given thorn , I'UHhed overboard to curtain death . At about half-pnst 2 o ' clock , amidst the wild shrieks of tho passengers , tho
steamer settled and sank . The propeller had kept in the wake of the Atlantic , and those on board her did all in their power to preserve the lives of the hundreds of human beings who were now seen struggling in the water . The fog was a sad hindrance to their efforts , but about 160 were rescued . The last persons taken from the boat were Mr .- Givan , clerk of the boat , and Mr . Bueil , first engineer . The steamer had then sunk all but her stern , and they , with some Illinois passengers , were clinging to a rope attached to a floating mast and the wreck , being up to their shoulders in water . As
soon as the shrieks of the drowning passengers were hushed , the voice of a little boy was heard , and it was then first discovered that a child , about eight years old , was also clinging to a rope a short distance off . The little fellow , talking to himself , was saying , " Oh , I can't hold on much longer ! If papa was here he would hold me up . " A man from Illinois , a fine powerful fellow , immediately moved a long rope , and seized the boy as he was about to sink . He held him for some time , and called out to Givan to come to his relief , as he was nearly exhausted by the weight . Givan made an attempt to reach him , but in vain . At that moment the boat of the propeller , loaded to the water ' s edge with rescued passengers , passed , and
Givan hailed them , and entreated them to save the boy . Mr . Blodgett , first mate of the Atlantic , who was on board , jumped out , and swam to the rope , took the boy off , and returned to the boat . He was thus saved . The little fellow was with Ms uncle , who was drowned . The next boat from the propeller took off the clerk , first engineer , and the Illinois passenger . The rescued passengers were conveyed to Erie , where on banding they assembled together for the purpose of returning thanks to God for their deliverance . It was stated that about 200 persons , composed chiefly of poor emigrants , had perished . Among the list of missing is the name of Mrs . Cornwell , sister of Elihu Burritt .
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ERUPTION OP MOUNT ETNA . Letters from Malta give an account of a visit paid by three English officers and three ladies to Mount Etna , which ended in a surprising fashion . The party came from Malta to witness the great festa at Catania ; and from thence they set out for Etna . At eight p . m . of the 20 th of August , a party of English , composed of Captain and Mrs . Hallett , two Misuse SanLroji - ilva U /»» T-ian * .. TTin / iU- nf thfl fiftth Light Infantry , and Lieut . Ravenhill , Royal Engineers , with three guides , three muleteers , and a servant , together with eleven mules , left Nicolini , with the intention of ascending Mount Etna , and taking a shelter at the Casa Ihglesi . At eleven o ' clock the party , in excellent spirits , reached the Bosco , where they put on their light clothing . The wind was blowing fresh from the westward , so much bo , indeed , that the guides persuaded a small Italian party to defer their ascent till the morning , but could not succeed with our friends , the leader of whom had weathered too many stiff breezes at sea to turn his back on one on shore . On , therefore , they went . Passing the Bosco about two miles , tho huge crater below Etna , called the Colossi , glared awfully ,- and shortly threw up large bodies of fire and smoke . Immediately after Etna vomited forth its fire and ashes , and as the wind set towards the Ca-sa Inglesi , ifc was not prudent to seek its friendly shelter , as , in all probability , it would be destroyed . Their course was therefore changed , the Colossi being now the point to which it was directed .
The weather , which had been very cold , was increasing in its comfortless intensity , and when our travellers bad got above tho height of the Casa Inglesi , in a narrow defile , of which sand and Hinall lava wero its component parts , they wero overtaken , by a hurricane so violently strong , that in an instant neven mules and their riders wero blown over , and not only so , but to render the scene more terrific , it was afterwards found they wero blown to tho very * 'd go of tho crater !
For the gentlemen to descend in search of their companions was the result of a moinent ' n decision . At this time tho scone was indescribably grand . Heaven and earth presented one magnificent glaro of light—Ktna above vomiting its sulphuric flumes—the Colossi below belching forth its dense lnaHHtw of smoke , lurid from tho furnace below—the huge mountain poured out from its interior prolonged nioaniiigH—without , the hurricane roared in all its mighty and awful majesty . Crawling on their knees and hands , unablo to face the violence of the hurricane , the gentlemen sought the ladies , who wore not discovered and < : o \ Jcctcd together till after a search of twenty lniiuitcH . They were then placed under columns of lava , their light clothing literally blown off their backs , and a pyramid of living
beings was formed around them for their safety and protection . As by magic , the scene suddenly changed . ^ An earthquake shook the land—up jumped the guides , bawling their unmusical avanti ! avanti ! ( get on ! get on !)—mules broke from their keepers , and were abandoned to their fate—the hurricane increased in strength - —the scene around was too majestic for contemplation , too diversified for description—in ten minutes the little party had fallen from sheer exhaustion on the pointed lava . To face the wind , charged with sand and small stone , was beyond their power . la this manner two hours passed away , and most anxiously did they look for the approach of dawn .
Nothing on this occasion could equal the heroic behaviour of the ladies of the party . On setting forth on their return , the sharp points of the lava presented no obstacle—courageously did they undertake their sixmile walk , regardless of all inconvenience , and reached the Bosco at seven a . m ., when , after an absence of six * teen hours , a hasty dejeuner was a welcome event . After spending a few minutes in this employment , they continued their journey by mules , and reached Nicolini by ten , whence they started for Catania , which
they reached at half-past two p . m . The Italian party which had preceded them , bad reported their obstinacy in proceeding against the opinion of their guides , and this led to the natural report that they were numbered with the dead . The Malta Mail says " that the Casa Inglesi had been burned ; the farm of Bronti destroyed by the lava , which , however , rolled on but slowly ; and the affrighted peasantry were getting away as fast as possible from the danger by which they were menaced . " We shall probably have further accounts .
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RAILWAYS IN CANADA . A cobbespondent at Quebec writes , under date of the JOthinsfc .: —" Last Saturday ' s Gazette contained an important proclamation . It was enacted , in the railway act of last session , that if , from any unforeseen cause , the colonies should fail in obtaining from the imperial cabinet the guarantee required to procure English capital to build the trunk line , the Governor should be at liberty to throw open the enterprise to private capitalists in this province and in the United States , and to advance provincial bonds for one-half the amount required for any single line . It seems that our cabinet have only just decided that the negotiation with Sir John Pakington is a failure , and have come to the _^_ ~ i ..-:. vw tu-i . mu . \~~ : _ j v i :- »» ;« *•« . v « v ..: > i- - * all , it must be by our own unaided efforts ; so the proclamation n otifies the world that t he various sections of the road are at the disposal of capitalists . It must follow the course traced by the government—viz ., from some point on t he eastern boundary line of Canada to St . Josep h de la Pointe Levi , from thence to Richmond , to join the Montreal and Portland road ; from Montreal to Kingston , Kingston to Picton , Picton to Toronto , Toronto to Hamilton , Hamilton to Port Sarnia . Companies are already at work on various portions of this line ; and , with the exception of that part to tho east of Quebec , there is some prospect of the whole being completed before many years roll over . Parties are stirring actively to obtain subscribers to the following branch lines : — Miles long . Ottawa line 150 Cobourg to Peterborough .... . 30 Toronto to Barrio and Lake Huron . 95 Toronto to ( luelph and ( loderich . . 130 Hamilton to Buffalo 70 Brantford to Buffalo 72 Brantford , Simcoe , and Dover . . . 33 Port Dover to Port Burwell .... 45 Port Burwell to Ingersoll .... 35 Port Stanley to London ..... 27 London to Windsor 120 Some of these lines are actually commenced . With the single exception of the first , I believe that all will pay fair dividends . "
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TIONANT RIGHT IJANQUKT TO SITARMAN CRAWFORD . NliWTOWNAit'DH , the stronghold of the great Ulster Tenant Right party , wan selected / w a fitting spot to honour Mr . Sharman (' rawford , defeated at the hist election by the combined aristocratic influence of tho county of Down . The banquet took place on Monday , and wii . H u very effective manifestation of opinion on tho subject of tenant-right . A large pavilion was prepared for tho dinner , but it wan found inadequate to the number of guests , and a large portion of the company wore obliged to dine in tho neighbouring hotel , and in another house hastily fitted up for tho occasion . The loading advocates of tenant-right from almost every part of the country were in attendance , and among
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September 4 , 1852 . ] THE LEADER . 8 * 1
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 4, 1852, page 841, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1950/page/5/
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