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ine after passing under the Chard Canal ; but of the cause of the accident we have no satisfactory evidence . We have however , sufficient evidence before us to show that the portion of the line upon which the accident occurred is naturally defective , in respect of a soft stratum upon which the rails are laid , particularly after wet weather . This ought to be remedied . "
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There were 10 , 305 , 787 eggs imported into this country in the month ending the 5 th of August . The returns would be interesting if they specified the number of addled eggs in this largo importation . Official returns just issued show that in the month ending the 5 th of August , 1850 , the quantity of tea entered for home consumption was 4 , 376 , 249 lbs . ; in the like period of 1851 , 4 , 730 , 126 lbs . ; and in the month ended the 5 th ult ., 4 , 914 , 700 lbs .
According to the trade and navigation returns just published , there has been an increase in the value of watches and clocks imported last month , as compared with the like period of the preceding year . Of clocks , the value imported in the month ended the 5 th of August , 1853 , was 5 , 227 Z ., and in the month ended the 5 th ult ., 7 , 297 ? . ; while of watches , the value in August , 1851 , was 7 , 369 ? ., and in August last , 9 , 998 ? . From a Parliamentary paper just issued , it appears that the amount of Her Majesty ' s regular troops employed in the colonies in 1847-8 was 1 , 655 officers and 39 , 591 noncommissioned officers and men . The cost for pay was 1 , 404 , 854 ? . In 1848-9 the amount was 1 , 712 officers , and 39 , 400 non-commissioned officers and men . The cost for pay was 1 , 390 , 769 ? . ; while in 1849-50 the amount was 1 , 675 officers , and 38 , 752 non-commissioned officers and men : and the cost of pay was 1 , 329 , 656 ? .
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BIRTHS , MAIIIUAflHN , AND DEATHS . niiiTiis . On the 8 lh insf ,., nt TJarnslaplo , N . Devon , tho wife of llw Ii (> v . AV . Slouim Sloimo KvaiiH , K . C . T ., 1 ) . A ., Fellow OonmioiK-i of Trinifv College , Cnml > ridjj ; c , hwiiinlienL of Holy Trinity , I !; i riistiiplc : 11 ilanghl . er . On ( lie !) lli insl .., at L .-sMon Vicnnitfe , Wills , the lady of Willium Frederick ISemlon , Knii . : a dau / rliler . On the i ) lli in . sl ,., at . Springfield House , Warwickshire , ( Iho se ; i ( ill' her parentH , ]\ Ir . and ( he Liul \ Kliz ; u > cl li lioidlbee , ) Ilio lad y of Kilinninl VlTiion J \ l aclc in lion , l ' * . H <\ ., 51 11 Dragoon ( jiiards : a Hun and heir .
MAItIMA < JKfl . On the ' . ) lh intst ., at , St . Nicholas' Church , Hri ^ 'ldon , William llanliey , Ksq ., of M iddlelon Mall , Linlit lun >\ v : < hire , N I' ., tn < Vi-il < - ( . 'harlot t o 'Prelaw ny il ' KmIiuiipert , HiIi ' mI , daughter of t lie A'ieondc il' Krtl . ampcH . On the 11 th insl ., at the ISrititih KiiiIiilhsv , I'arin , lOdwin Onrliett , l '/ ' (| ., Allache to II . M . KniliiMMy i \( . i'ari . i , and eldeist turn of I'M win ( , '<> rl id I , K : q ., of TilMtone , ( Jhe . shire , to ( 'liarlol . lt Anne Margaret , only ehiid of Hie late Henry I'Mwtint IWorriM , 10 ; it ) ., and nicer of \ V illin . ni Morrit t , lv-ti | ., of llolcchv , Yor ! i ; . | iii' <' () n the Illli insl .., at , All Souls' ! h ( Koyal Siishcv ) Ifi- ^ ini <• ill-, ii ; m'iI 7-1 ,. Oil l . lio MM li insl ,., al , IH , Alfrcd-pliire , lironipl . on , lOllcn Annr llnrrirtt ; the in ( ant daui ; litcr of I li « i Kev . A . I ' . I ' el I ij ; r < nv , A . M ., aj ^ ed thr ee moid Iih . On the I I III in . ' il ., at , h'h y l , Kliiitshiro , lOli / . iilielli tfanih , wife of Henry biuireiirn ( Villon , K :, q ., mid dini |; hler of Sir Malliy (! rofton , of lion ^' ford House , county ol ' NIijni , Ililrl . On Iho 1 Hli innl ,., ill , Itri f ddon , Mjii-ii . Ii , relief , of Oeor ^ e Kemp , 10 m <| ., ol ' Cornhill , liiindon , a ^ eil ' /' •> . On l , ho I 1 Hi insl ,., in Piccadilly-terrace , the Hon . Helena Camerina Charlotte Denison , < hui /; lil er of Lord lioiiile : < lioi-on ^ li , in her 151 h year . On Hie liilh iiiiit ., Sophia I'VnnceH , eldcsl , daughter of the Veiicrnlile M . ( J . Itrmiforil , Arclxleiieon of Ardn ^ li . On the I 2 l . li inst ., al , Walerfonl , Cninherlniid , iit fc'il (> f > , rim lion . Lady JtaniHay , of Kalmain , widow of the lain Nir Alexander ltaiumty , lJuii ,., anil duuglitor of ( ho lut Lord JL ' aiunuro .
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Saturday , ' September 18 . PaktiCUXAKS of the last moments and habits of the Duke of Wellington , as well as speculations respecting his funeral , occupy the public press and the public mind . At a late hour last night the Earl of Derby arrived at his mansion in St . James ' -squnre from Balmoral . Her Majesty and Prince Albert had received with deep concern the announcement of the Duke of "Wellington ' s death , and the noble Premier had at once , in compliance with the command of Her Majesty , returned to town .
At noon yesterday the new Duke of Wellington arrived at AV aimer Castle . He was at Baden Baden when the news of his father ' s death reached him , and hastening back without an hour's delay landed at Dover yesterday morning by the Ostend boat . His presence removes the chief cause for delay , in the arrangements for the funeral , but , as already announced , they will not be definitively settled until Her Majesty ' s will has been declared by her constitutional advisers . In the meantime steps are being taken for removing the body of the illustrious deceased to Apsley-house , where it will remain until the preparations for the interment are completed . A leaden coffin was sent down to Wallner Castle last night from Messrs . Dowbiggin , Holland ,
and Co ., of Mount-street , Grosvenor-square , and it is expected that the removal to town will take place tonight or on Monday . According to the Herald his body will be buried publicly . The Duchess , it is thought , will arrive at Walmer Castle in time to have a parting look at the well-remembered features of the departed . It is said that these have been little changed in expression by the hand of death , a circumstance the less surprising from their singularly marked character . Mr . Adams , an artist whose name will be remembered as the successful competitor for the design of the Jurors ' medal in the Great Exhibition , has been fortunate enough to secure a cast of the Duke ' s face , and this memorial of him will no doubt hereafter be highly valued as an authentic likeness .
The Spartan simplicity of his habits was maintained tothelast , undtheonly relaxationwhichhepermittedhimself was an occasional extra hour's rest at Walmer . In his 81 th year he was still the same abstemious , active , selfdenying man ho had ever been , rising early , never latterly tasting wine or spirits , taking regular exercise on loot and on horseback , sleeping on a hard uncurtained couch , and rejecting even the luxury of a downy pillow . A story is told of a Highland chief who , finding his son reclining his head on a ball of . snow , rebuked the efleininat ( j indulgence by kicking it from under him . The Duke used a pillow , but it was an exceedingly hard one , stuffed with horsehair , and lined with wash-leather , and he carried ii , about with him wherever he went . JIih
life had for years been a steady . system of defensive warfare against the approach of disease , and death overtook him at hist from sheer exhaustion , without being- preceded by : i single day's illness . On tin ; very morning of bis falivl attack it wsis much feared that lie would persist in going to meet Lady Westmoreland at Dover ; and not long sigo , when Hull ' ering from a . severe cold , he could not lie persuaded to keep his room , but joined the dinner circle in his great coat . ' His habits certainly throw a . striking light , on his whole chiiriiotor ; and when we learn Hint to the last his daily toilette was
performed without , the . slightest , assistance , we can appreciate how fully ho : icted up to a favourite motto ol his own—that if a man wanted to have anything properly done he must do it himself . It took him from lmlipast six o ' clock till nine every morning to dress ; but vcn to the operation of . shaving he did all himself ; and at , his age that must have been nearly as difficult , u feat as winning a battle in early life . Though in his K 4 t . li year , lie still wrote a firm hand and carried on a large correspondence—curious eonlirniations of the strength Hi' nerve required to form a , greiiti commander .
Of the assiduity with which he laboured to discharge his public duties the world require no evidence . The Iron Duke alone could have struggled , against ; incrcasin >; - deafneHs , to catch throughout , long nights of tedious debate the arguments of even the dullest speakers . He did that because lie considered it his duty as the most , influential member ol' the House of l ' cers . Ilisunroinittiiifj ; attention to the official business of the Comniandcrship-in- ( , 'liief in known to all who have taken advantage of ln « regular attendance at the Ilorno
Guards that they might see him as he passed . But hardly less striking illustration of devotion " to dut * however arduous at a period of life prolonged m " h beyond the ordinary limits , remains to be mention ed His Grace was Chancellor of the Universit y of Oxf a and in the fulfilment of that office had during the s ^ ' mer months waded through all but a few pages of tlTf enormous blue-book which embodies , and perhaps < ? tombs , the labours of the recent Commission . Death " overtook him when near the close of this immense effort of research , for he read every word conscientiousl y , and indeed it was not his habit to skip anything
To the last his powers of memory and the cheerful ness of a well-balanced mind remained unimpaired A day or two before his death , referring to the subject of civic feasts , he told an incident in the life of Pitt which is worth recording . The last public dinner which Pitt attended was at the Mansion-house , when his health was proposed as the saviour of his country The Duke expressed his admiration of Pitt ' s speech in reply , which was in substance that the country had saved herself by her own exertions , and that every other country might do the same by following her example .
A pleasing trait in the Duke ' s character is the long period during which a large proportion of his dependents have been connected with or served him , and the unvarying testimony which they bear to his good and kind qualities as an employer , a landlord , and a master . Exact and punctual in the management of his private affairs , up to the last moment his weekly bills were discharged by him as usual ; and this precision , which he carried into everything , made him easily dealt with . Amid the splendour of his public achievements , his conduct as a landed proprietor is apt to be forgotten .
Yet was be one of the most liberal and improving landlords in the country . The estate of Strathfieldsaye , which he used to say would have ruined any man but himself , has had more done for it in the shape of permanent improvements—of draining , of chalking , of substantial farm premises , and such like , than perhaps any other single property in tbe south of England . It was a wretched investment of the public money ; but the Duke , true to h is usual maxim , did the best he
could with it , and the annual income for a long series of years has been regularly laid out upon it . As to his household , even the French cook , overlooking Waterloo and his Grace ' s indifference to the science of gastronomy , mourns for his death . He had exhausted all the efforts of his art in vain to elicit commendation from the Duke , who showed no preference for a good dinner over a bad one . This troubled the chefde cuisine , but he admits that his master was a very great man notwithstanding .
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Some of the Paris journals have given expression to their opinions , or such opinions as they are allowed to have , on the life and death of the Duke . The war-yelling Comtitutionnel is unusually bland : — " To sum up , Lord Wellington was an English General in the full acceptation of the word—cool , calm , methodical , without enthusiasm , but without any falso bnllmney ; sure of himself , confident in his soldiery , and always firm Dotii in good ami bad fortune . It has been justly remarked , that , in the numerous despatches which ho published , and which form twelve enormous volumes , the word yloryncvn occurs . Hi . s only dominant passion was love of law country . His conduct and his character may bo summed up in . 1
word—lie was a Pitt on horseback . " The 1 ' ays says , ^—¦ " The mime of the Duke , of Wellington was European-Tim vast events in which ho wan mixed up , Uio "' j 1110 . ^' purl , which lie played during many long yearn m in « » - ¦ tinies of the world , the eminent place which '" <)( xu ; , . in the councils of the down of Eng land , an . Ui « f , authority which he exercised over his party in J ar "" ' , J have made this personage ono of tho most rcinnrhiu > . - our time . Tin ; news of hi . s ilcath will produce a proloun sensation in Kurope . " The Palric is an exception to the good f « cllll [[ manifested by the other Ministerial jom - » als . ^ closing its biographical sketch of the Duke of W « ll »« f ,
ton it , says , — , i .,, i " Tli « i ) uko of Wellington died Tull ofdays , overvvl . ei" ^ _ with honours , with pensions , anil sinecures ; ' . ' n , | 1 ( , Hceniling into tho tomb ho must have carried w . "' ' (| ( , _ painful certainty that tho undertaking to whiclj ( . voted his rare faculties was dead , and that tho m ' ^ )| l ( . which be had refused to draw tho sword lm < 1 '" ,. , ' irH | , everywhere , in his own country Unit of nil , and m ¦ . . of the world aflcrwardn ; and , to comp lete hw < IHIi | | 1 1 |( l lament , that the great , mime of Napoleon , vyhie" '' ( , S | , lieved buried for ever under the pyramid ol ' j () t . lean , with the honour of France , bail risen mm
life and more popular than ever . i > - / 'ssc-The example of the Palrir is followed by the > It , says , - i i ¦ If liill ' ' " In the latter years the Duko only I " ' ' ! ' , " ' llUl « "' nhout by his annual banquets in honour ol u , , ) y Waterloo , by Homo squabbles with the nc . W » imi >« " ' ,,,, ,, 1 airecled apprehensions with which «¦•«? 1 ' J , ' V 4 ., | long a French army in Knghuid inspired bun . «¦? vW , il , y enough to uco " Iho diuBolutiou of his 1 ™^ aml
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HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK . The present Return exhibits a further decline in the mor * tality . The deaths registered in the first week of August rose to 1124 ; in tho week that ended last Saturday ( 11 th September ) they fell to 936 . The deaths among children under 15 years in the first week of August were G 56 ; last week they were 4 S 5 . These numbers indicate an improved state of health in the infant part of the population , who suffer so much from the summer epidemic . In the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1842-51 tho average number of deaths was 1119 , which , with a correction for increased population , becomes 1231 . But this average is greatly augmented by the 2865 deaths , principally from cholera , that occurred in the corresponding week of 3 849 , after the epidemic had attained its maximum and had begun to subside .
Last week small-pox was fatal in 10 cases , measles in only 4 ; the cases referred to typhus are 32 . Diarrhoea , dysentery , and cholera steadily decline ; they were most fatal in the first week of August , when the deaths caused by the three diseases were collectively 241 ; their decrease since that week is shown by the following weekly numbers : —219 , 228 , 148 , 120 , ajid last week 101 . On the other hand , scarlatina appears to be making some progress , and last week 58 children were its victims . Last week the births of 749 boys and 088 girls , in all 1437 children ; were registered in London . The average number in seven corresponding weeks of the years 1845-51 was 1312 . At the Royal Observatory , Greenwich , the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29 - 789 in . The mean
temperature of the week was 6 O 7 dog ., which is l- 8 deg . above the average of the simie week in ten years . The wind blew generally from the north .
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TO READERS AND CORRESPONDENTS . It is impossible to acknowledge the mass of letters wo receive-Their insertion is often delayed , owing to a press of matter 5 and when omitted , it is frequently from reasons quite independent of the merits of tho communication . "We cannot undertake to return , rejected communications . All letters for the Editor should be addressed to 10 , Wellingtonstreet , Strand , London .
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i 896 THE LEADE ft . _ [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), Sept. 18, 1852, page 896, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1952/page/12/
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