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Leader (1850-1860), 1st January 1853, Edition Town of 3, Page 6

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      more than such as that—it is that which the second of December has given to every man of heart . " M . Bethinont had to bear back this refusal to Bonaparte , who lias since been trying another tack . He now pretends to turn to the Orleanists . He is desirous to try his seductions on the inflviential members of that party . It is asserted that the most tempting offers are now being made them . Unfortunately for Bonaparte , the Orleanists will never do more than make a show of rallying to him , and it will be the better to betray him . Their plan is ready marked out . Steamboats are already purchased to transport the Princes of the house of Orleans to France . All the officers of the

      army , too , are being plied with rare adroitness and persevering activity . An Orleanist movement is continually expected in Paris itself . You will understand what a mistake it is of Bonaparte to seek to lean on the Orleanists . Now there is precisely the serious peril of his position—that he has not even the possibility of choice . He can no longer remain where he is without some support j and if he looks to any party for support , it can only be to the Orleanists , and that is ruin . I see no other means by which he can escape falling , than—being hung ! ( Je ne lui rois phis tVmitre moyen de ne pas tomher que d'etre pendu /) Hence he is doubling his precautions . He has just decreed the conversion of the Ecole Militaire into a vast entrenched

      camp , capable of containing 10 , 000 men—infantry , cavalry , and artillery—and an immense quantity of munitions of war . This is a measure of great importance in the event of an insurrection in Paris . Speaking in a military sense , in the previous state of things , the troops were scattered in all quarters ; and thus , in case of a sudden insurrection , all the various barracks were easily invested by the insurgents : every battalion or regiment so isolated , and so surprised , was forced to surrender . Bonaparte is going to change this altogether . The troops within Paris are to be concentrated in three

      grand masses : the first , at the east end , in the entrenched camp of the He Louviers , parallel with the Bastille ; the second , in 1 he centre , at the Hotel de "Ville , where an immense barrack is now in course of building , capable of holding regularly 3600 men , and extraordinarily , 8000 ; the third , at the west end , at the Ecole Militaire , which , as the JMoniteur announces , is about to be converted into a vast entrenched camp , with barracks for 10 , 000 men . The present barracks will only be occupied henceforth by detachments . The rest of the army , moreover , will be quartered in the forts . So sustained and obstinate a determination to

      fortify himself in the midst of a population a V' Anglaise , —that is to say , unarmed , proves only too plainly to what a degree Bonaparte leels conscious of his isolation and of his weakness : how little he counts on the popularity which you in England arc beginning to suppose he enjoys . Bonaparte , it seems , is not move easy about his foreign than his home affairs . The Northern Courts have taken si malicious pleasure in retarding ns long as possible the letters of credentials lo their ambassadors at Paris . Bonaparte , up this moment , is still without

      uiiy other news from Russia , Austria , and I . russia , than the assurance of their most insolent disdain . Jn consequence of this delay and of 1 Ins intelligence , he has just given orders to repair all the fortification * on our northern and eastern frontiers . Moreover , lit ; has recently decreed the creation of a . grand naval port sit Dunkirk for ( he sfeani navy . Orders arc given to construct , without delay , enormous basins , . surrounded with docks to receive , on emergency , -00 slcain frigates , if you do not iin < lfrsf , and //;/ . vinove , you must bo obstinately determined to close- your eyes and ears .

      You ^ have no idea of the aspect of 1 ans al , tins moment—not a ' single ; ball , not a single fete , not a , single soiree . Tile gloom that prevails is frightful . Kxcepting the official folk , every house ; is closed to gaiety . Now tin ; last month ought ( o have been oik ; round of ( efes and pleasure . it has been quite the reverse . Having been unable ; to pcrsuaelt ; tin ; itotifc-s . se and the ; buur-( feoisic to dance , Hemupnrte has found exit , an ingeniems manner of making ( he ; pee > plc elunev , bo it (/ re mat gre . Some ; fervent Impe-rial ' isls of ( lie ; Vsuigirnrd quart ier bael

      oinineneuel the pre ; je-e ( . of a bull by subscnpt . mn , in lioneMir of lhe > proclamation e ) f the ; Kuipirc . Subseribers w « r « w : \ iteel lor during three ; e > r four days ; but as ik > ik ; iipiwiiri'tl , Uk ; ( ! omniiss ; iire ; elc Police ' , ue-e-eunpanii-el by two e > f his agents , presented himself at tin ) Iiousch of the ; inhabitants , unel without unking whether l . hey would subscribe , elenianele'el for what sum ( hey desired to 1 m ; ? ' put elewn . " |< : Ve > r sinee ; flint , day the ; inhabitants of the ; Vmi ^ irurel are ; called in Paris prise > ne ; rs condemned an but force , in allusion ( , traintnx forces ( lmrtl Inborn- ) .

      The , De ; mo < -r ; u-y has lately sustaine-el a melancholy lo-in in the ; person e > f Muelanu ; Paulino Itoluatl , who wiw condemned to transportation to Cayenne ,

      commuted to Algeria . The unanimous reclamations of the press extorted a pardon from Bonaparte ; but Pauline Itoland failed in strength to resist the dreadful shocks and all the horrible tortures she had endured . She was unable to reach Paris . She died at Lyons on her way to the capital , a martyr to the holiest of causes , a martyr to the sacred cause of human liberty . M . Geniller , the republican , was expelled from Paris last Saturday . He was guilty of receiving at his house ; a few of his friends who happened to belong to the Democratic party . S

      Untitled Article

      CONTINENTAL NOTES . The Berlin Chambers have met . The First Chamber , convoked by the King in violation of the constitution , the old Chamber having- expired last year without havinf provided a successor , declared itself regularly constituted ^ and after virtually ind . 'innifying the Government for their breach of the constitution , ' proceeded to business . The Bill for summoning the Chambers in future only biennially instead of annually has been accepted by the First Chamber . In connexion with this measure the Budget will of necessity be always framed for two years in advance , and the estimates be divided into' ordinary and extraordinary . This diminution of the activity , efficiency , and dignity of the Chambers—on the other Land , the rccal into existence of the Provincial Estates , which had been abolished in 181-8—the revival of the State Council , whichi though never abolished , had remained for many years in abeyance , and was virtually obsolete—all these measures together constitute a rapid " progress backwards " from that point of Parliamentary government which the Constitutionalists of Prussia , ti " few years back , fondly imagined they had attained .

      The Emperor of Austria returned from Berlin to Vienna on the 24 th , by way of Dresden . Since the departure of the Emperor , the King of Prussia has given a grand banquet to the members of both Chambers , at which the Queen and all the available members of the l \ e > yal Family were present . The Court was to go to Potsdam on New Year ' s-day . for one week . The Vienna correspondent of the Morning Chronicle has communicated to that journal the correspondence which has taken place between himself and the English embassy in that city relating to his late imprisonment by the Austrian authorities . After communications had taken place on his behalf to the Government , his papers , &c .. which had been previously seized , were minutely searched

      before they were returned to him . Ho then had an interview with Lord Westmoreland , which lie thus describes : — Having got my papers , I at once went straight to the embassy to seek an interview with the ambassador himself , to ascertain if possible what new insult I might expect , and what protection would be given me . After waiting upwards of three-quarters of an hour , I was introduced to his lordship , who , in common with the rest of them , was profuse in expressions of astonishment at the treatment I had received ; but I could elicit nothing of a decided or satisfactory nature from this easy diplomatist . He begged me to have patience ; "he could , do nothing yet ; everything was going on well ; and Count Buol pre ) - nu sed , now the Emperor bad arrived , to push matters . My outrage was unknown to the civil government till the nejie of the embassy reached Count Buol , the whole onus of the thing falling upe > n the ; military power . " His lordship , like

      his se > n , a . skeel me ; whether I was anxious to remain here ; to which I , of course , gave ; a strong affirmative answer . My " protestor" Woulel fain have reael me u lecture ejn the propriety e > f writing with inoeleration , &c \ , living as 1 ele > under Austrian laws . This I cut she ) rt , and should have said much more ' , but was interrupted by the entrance of a strange'i * . JIis lorelship contjeed me with the ; warm assurance e > f his best e'xe ; rt , ie > ns em iny behalf . ' Nous verrons ; but I confess the * imprc . ssiem left , upon iny niiiiel is anything but (; ncejuraging . He evielently dislike's modelling in the ; matter . What 1 want is a guarantee ; for the ; future 1 , anel security for iny person , for I verily be'Iieve the ; e'mbassy woulel neit interpeme ; the ; Hhicle . 1 of Great . Britain betwe'e'n mo unel my persecutors , if they tlcere-e ' el my banishment . T ne-e-el hiirdly add that , the ; offensive ; passage's e-xtructeel fremi my h'tteu ' . s , to which I e > we ; my imprisenimcnt , have not , yet bee'n shewn to me ; e > r to nnyheiely . The ( Je > - ve'rnment , I fancy , is ashaine'd of its eremelue't .

      lle-n ; is an inle ; re' . sting anel significant , e ^ p isoele ; in the : prison to which the ; ceirivsponelerit . was take'ii :--" JV 1 y berth for ( . bet ni g ht , was a . slight . iinpre > ve ; ii ; eiit , both mh to appointments and company . The ; room was Icnnnlcd by tin II uiigarian , in whom I became ; much interested . lie ; took me by the ; hand a . s if iiiKtine-liveily aware ; that , we ; we're ; both victims of an unjust , (> e > ve < rnine'iit . Though not above ; twei eir three : and fweinty , lie ; Kcetme'd te > have ; oullivrd anguish , but not hope 1 . He ; bad be'e ; n urre ; ste'el in his native village he ^ yonel I lie ? Thei . is for what oflenre be knew ned , and e'arrieel eid' to priseni , where ) he had hin / ruinhe ; el for ten

      inonl Jin , without e've'i- having been hremght . to trial a boon be bael Irci jiicnl I y ( loiinndcd . 11 e was miie'h ciiiae'iatcd liy want , of air lmd e'xeTerise ' , anel by the ; prison did , anef be ) told me * be ) be'lieved be weiulel bo leif ' t te > perish hh he was . 11 in only uiuuticiiie-ut . e'e > nnist , e-el in sweeping his cell every morning , anel In ; titoully re fusee I my proll ' ered assistance . Notwitluiduieling his you ( li , the-re ! was an air of marke'el iimfifIcrir !<¦(¦ abeait bun truly painful to he'liold . I forge > t to ask bis name , which I have ; rcgre-t te-ll eivcr nine'c . Our nunibe'r wiih ti . 'J . 11 «¦> naid be ; bael been elrafte'd into the ; A iiHtria . ii eorpN of e > e * e-upation at llemihurg .

      Leirel Aluhiie'Hhiiry h resign in the ; Feuvi gn Ofliee ; begun with nn eiul rage ) by an A mil . ruin eWlie-er upon an KiifliHli truve'lle'i- nl , Kloreneu-, anel enels with an enelragei upon an Knglish ge'iilleinan al . Vie'nua . It in to lie hopeiel bene ! , fe > lm KushcII will neii / ei the e » pj ) ortunit y of resletriuir the ; pre-Hli g e ; of Knglaixl abre > ael , e > r at leiisl , e > f iiiniHt ing on the ; Hatety of I'JngliHh Hubjee ; tH in forei gn cities . 11 in fifnt eluty will Im ( . « reste . n ; MvoEtirlul" WcalmordaiiU to JUitf ouwatio duticu in Jiuglund .

      Tho Times correspondent at Vienna has the following sensible remarks on the condition of our diplomatic service , by which , while ambassadors are absent from their posts ' for months together , and lisping attached left to protect British , subjects and interests , continual outrages are endured by those who have a right to look to the representatives of their country for protection and redress : — " It has long been my purpose to call public attention to one of the great faults of the British diplomatic system , and this appears to be a favourable opportunity . In liussid , as in Austria , persons to whom some of the most important interests of their native country are at a future time to be entrusted are regularly educated as diplomatists . They are obliged to acquire a profound knowledgo of the

      languages , statistics , resources , and political relations of the principal States , and when an appointment is made , not birth and connexions , but the fitness of the individual for the post is the grejit consideration . How is it with us ? Do more than two British diplomatic agents out of ' every ten perfectly understand the language , statistics , &c ., of the country in which they are employed ? They possess ' a sufficient knowledge of French to carry on their diplomatic relations , but seldom much more . Let us suppose that one or two of the great clans have been in office so long that their proteges have had an opportunity of acquiring some little experience in any particular country ! What almost invariably occurs when there is a change of * ? The

      Ministry man who by dint of long service has become a useful public servant at Paris is sent to Constantinople or St . Petersburgh , of which cities he knows about as much as he does of the languages there spoken ; and the First Attache at the last mentioned city is removed to Vienna , because some clansmen particularly wish to see Paris and St . Petersburgh . The natural consequence of this job system is , that no country on the face of the eartfe is , on the whole , so ill represented as our own , which fact would become more painfully apparent if England were a second instead of a first-rate Power . Common decency of course forbids my citing particular cases in support © f the preceding assertions , but you may believe that they a ^ e " plentiful as blackberries . "

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      The Austrians in the Italian Legations are about to take a most singular step to ensure themselves from the event of any unexpectedly successful rising- of the people they are called upon to protect , by destro ying- all the fowling-pieces and muskets deposited , to the number of 80 , 000 , in the Citadel of Ancona , according to the requisitions of the legge stataria . This wholesale destruction of private property , the confiscation of which is usually considered to be only temporary , whilst the state of the country is unsettled , is committed on the plea that the y are valueless and dangerous "weapons , being a tacit confession that , whilst foreign , garrisons occupy the country , the guns can never DO ' safely returned -to their owners , nor even be preserved in * the fortress of a citadel .

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      SOCIETY OF THE FltlENDK OF ITALY .. The Second Conversazione ; of the season was lidHfon Wednesday at the Music Hall in Store Street .. Mr . Douglas Jerrold , who was expected to preside , failed from unavoidable causes * to be at his post ; and Mr . P . A . Taylor tex > k his place . The speakers were Mr . Taylor , Mr . Lawrence , Mr . David Masson , and Mr . James Stansfield . Keferring to the ; new chances of a libenj } foreign policy , Mr . Lawrence ; saiel he ; cemld only feel alarm at the ; return te > ofliciul power of Lord Aberdeen , who was " implicated" in the martyrdom of the brothers JSanelu'ra , and of Sir James Graham , whe > was chiefly known te > the Liberals of Cemlincntal Kurope as flic man who bad le'nt himself to elespofisni , in e ) pe : iiing the ; letters of M . Ma / . y . ini . What , he asked , eliel such persons as Me > lesworth , Cejckburn , Uobe-rt Lowe , or Hernul ( Jshorm ; in company with Lord Aberdeen e > r Sir James Grahuni ? Mr . David Masson saiel there were two reuseins why he felt ami asked for sympathy with the Italian . struggle-. In the first plaev , horrors , sheetings , hangings , anel gurnrt . tings we-re ; being pe ; rpel , ral , ed in Italy by ele ; spolisin upon the ; people , against , which Christian Immunity ought te > rise ; in urnis ; and in the ; next place ,, it . was bis firm conviction that the ; Kenue , whieh Intel sue-eu'ssiveily le ; el and governe-d the world in arms unel in iirfs , would be ; the eeuifre-, for the third time 1 , of a new e-ivilisafie ) ii , the ; civilisation e > f Kureipcan libe-rfy . ( Chens . ) He ; bclie'vcel in Italy — he > believed that Italy , united , would be ; erne- e » f the ; gre-afesf of ine > dern pe'ople ; s ; anel t hewn who Hiippeweel flint flu-ir Italian unity anel independence ; was a chimera , ht > le-ferre'el te > the ; opinie . n mprewed at , St . Helena by | ] U ; tfmpe'ien-. Napoleon—spe'cit yin ^ ( ha ( , lu > ilu . im | , { \ t [ . . ^ . ^ | 111 ( l 11 (> i , the little one' . He saw ne > obstae-le that , should fbrbiel them to l » e sanj ;; uino ; be ; e-onnieleml that the ; day wan not , elislanl , when they would see ; iMaz / . ini , uenv sifting He > (| uietlv em that , platform , trampling upon the ; temporality of flit ; pupucy . ( Louel ebe-e-rs . ) Anel when that day niiiic , he ; fruste-el that , official ttntf lanel would not , be ; permitted by Knglishine'ii to buck a French army in backing the ) Pe ) pt ) ngaiiiht Maz / ini . He ; belieiv .-el a great cluuigtj of opinion on thiw wubjoct hud taken placer

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      The new Spanish Ministry show some signs of a more conciliatory policy than the last . The press is discussing the proposed modifications of the constitution . General Narvacz is at Bayonne . M . Bravo Murillo has started for Bordeaux . The Government of Portugal lias rcduceel all its foreign debt to 3 per cents .

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      ^ THE LEADER . [ Saturday ,

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 1, 1853, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1967/page/6/