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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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IN England , the course of the Ministers at reelections continues to rnn smooth ; even in South Wiltshire , where so strenuous an opposition to Mr . Sidney Herbert was threatened , it has broken down , and he is returned without the necessity of going to the poll . Oxford University is the grand exception , and it proves as difficult for a Chancellor of the Exchequer to make his way into the House of Commons through the portal of that Institution , as for a camel to pass through aiuArabian postern . Oxford and the Irish Brigade preserve a parallel course , both probably being instigated by sectarian incentives . Some few sensible men of the
Brigade have perceived the advantage of placing two of their distinguished members , Mr . Sadleir and Mr . Keogh , in the Ministry , but the majority of the party is intractable . The Irish members who have joined the combined Government are hooted as traitors and renegades , and they will have a hard contest for their seats . Limerick county rebukes this impracticable spirit in its unanimous return of Mr . Monsell .
In its own conduct , the Ministry still enjoys an undamaged opportunity . The death of Francesco Madiai , with whom there is a strong Protestant sympathy in England , may comparatively soon put Lord John Russell ' s demeanour towards Foreign Governments to the test , for the British p ublic evidently expects something to be
done . But the duty of outrunning the liberalism of the late Administration in Colonial affairs , appears to be somewhat more arduous than we might have supposed before the announcement of the Times , that despatches had boon sent out , authorizing the Legislatures of New South Wales and Victoria to divide into an Upper
and a Lower Chamber ; ottering to relinquish the management of the Lnnd Fund to the Legislatures ; and promising entirely to discontinue transportation . Much satisfaction had already been caused in Australia by the relinquishment of the gold revenue ; altogether , therefore , the late Government had laid in a stock of popularity for the Australian market . For their successors remain improvements in emigration machinery , to say nothing of benefits for the Cape and Canada .
The Australian are worth conciliating . Ihe accounts which we receiv e now , almost weekly , continue to overtake our anticipatory calculations . The labourers at work in the Victoria diggings [ Town Edition . ]
alone already number 100 , 000 : production was going ou at the rate of 14 , 500 , 000 ? . a-year , and the Australian brings in one cargo of gold worth 890 , 0002 . Notwithstanding this increase to the population , there is no talk of the threatened starvation . The Legislature of New South Wales was thoroughly conciliated by the cession of the gold revenue . In Soutb Australia , where the labourers were getting through the agricultural work of the season before the periodical
expedition to the gold diggings , the Legislature was considering resolutions to establish Universal Suffrage , with no Property Qualification ; the Colonial Secretary and Advocate-General supported the proposition . To the riches of Australia may now be added diamonds and silver ; but the inert riches of the soil would be of little avail without the energy and self-reliance of the colonists , who are evidently as able as they are willing to make terms with us .
It is scarcely less satisfactory to receive the most splendid accounts of material prosperity through the United States ; fine crops of every kind , surplus revenue , ceaseless activity . Mr . Ingersoll , at Liverpool and Manchester , is the authentic channel for announcing the excellent disposition towards this country . In a separate paper , we have shown how , backed by the surprising development of industry in Australia and America , the prosperity that now blesses our land is likely to endure and to increase . Standing on that substantial ground and thus supported , we can view without perturbation the continued movements of conflicting principles on the Continent . France contributes another anonymous harbinger of war , in the shape of a long and elaborate article in the Constitutionncf , to prove that the Empire is peace . One argument shows the fallacy of the whole . The powers of Europe , says the writer , are so bent on peace , that they would not infringe it to maintain the
treaties of 1 SI / 3 , which they have uniformly given up rather than defend by war . That argument is true only in a false sense . The Powers have conspired to violate the Treaties of 181 f > , and have permitted each other to infringe those treaties whenit hasbecnat the expenseof the Peoples . Thus they have been violated in Poland , and virtually in Hungary or Schleswig-Holstein . The facts do not accord with the arguments of the Constitutionnel , unless peace is the same thing as armed aggression . Now a writer who violates historical facts
patent to the whole world , must be at least as unscrupulous as to intentions which are hidden : it is evident that he calls war , peace ; and so when he promises peace , we may understand what he means . Meanwhile , however , under cover of professions , backed by implied threats , the powers of Europe have accomplished the recognition of the Emperor ; Russia , however , still repudiating the " brother . " This " insult" will rankle in the breast of the Imperial Parvenu . The disruption of Turkey has attained a new stage . It seems to be evident that the people of Montenegro and the Herzegowine are making head against the Government . The preparations of Turkey are on a scale imply ing a contest , not with a revolted province but with a hostile state . A Turkish fleet is blockading her own ports on the Montenegrine coast , while the commander-in-chief advances against the rebels by land . Russia has offered assistance to the Sublime Porte , but the Czar has for a long time past encouraged a species of fanatical hope of political regeneration through the Greek church and Russian patronage , and the natives of the Herzegowine are fired with a strong religious zeal . Turkey dares not let in Russia to confer , even on the field of battle , with an enemy that might prove so sympathetic . Austria professes to aid the blockade against the introduction of military stores for the aid of the rebels , but is probably as much watching its ally as the revolted province . An article in the Tunes denying the right of Turkey over Montenegro is a political fact . The records of crime and disasters at home are unusually copious and irrational this week . The utmost doubt having been thrown on the guilt of Kirwan his sentence is commuted to transportation , whence we infer that Government considers transportation a fit punishment for a man who is licensed of murder , but not proved to have committed it . Harbour is respited , thanks to the importunity of his friends , without much reason worth official consideration , and Horler is hanged with as little logic for the inconsistency . Soine extenuation is found for the engine-driver Tarry , who caused the fatal accident at the Oxford station , in the fact that he had previously committed an assault on his wife , and must , therefore , have been in a state of natural exasperation ; so that the railway authorities , whose system is one of confusion likely enough to produce such accidents , may now get oiF on the plea that the sanguinary accident at Oxford was nothing more than
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VOL . IV . No . 147 . 1 SATURDAY , JANUARY 15 , 1853 . [ Price Sixpence .
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NEWs or th E w EE k- im SS » = ^ wSZ » ^ S ^ L ^^ ..= Z S -= Z i Election Matters 50 Births , Marriages , and Deaths 58 The Judgment of History on the Pro- PORTFOLIOLetters from Paris 50 cess of Revolutions 63 run ruuv-Continental Hotes 51 POSTSCRIPT ¦• -58 Spirit-rapping and Fortune-telling ... 63 The Worts of the Old Painters . Progress of the Anglo-American Al- . Chapter II 68 liance 52 PUBLIC AFFAIRS— OPEN COUNCIL— Little Boy Blue 69 AmericanEeply to the Stafford-House „ , ' » j . v -v *¦ ¦ i Memorial 53 The Opening Year of Industry 59 » Picture Cleaning" at the National THEARTSAu 8 tralia ... ™"'""" 13 """" 54 , Church and State : the Oxford Uni- Gallery 63 Vivian Among the Floods 69 The Darien Canal 55 versity Election 59 The Press and the Stage 69 The Great Poultry Show 55 Why do we Want Ambassadors LITERATURE— Gold ! 70 Oxford Railway Accident 55 Abroad ? 60 w ^ p ^ w < u The Respite of James Barbour 55 Hindu Politics 61 The PhJosophy of Poetry »»• " «* COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS" Captam" Johnson 56 More of the Kirwan Case 61 Spencers Tour through France and Markets , Advertisements , &c 71-72 Crime and Punishment 56 " People" Scandalized at People 62 ItaIy * [ *
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J "The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble e ^ aJ ° ur to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions ot ^^ ion Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood , having one great object ^ the free development of our spmtuai nature . "—Humboldt' s Cosmos .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 15, 1853, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1969/page/1/
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