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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Now , what were we to say to this ? That there was a period in Eome , and there were similar periods in other countries at different times , when there was no distinction between the arts of production and the arts of design ; but those very things which were to us now objects ot admiration as artistic works , wero then merely things made and fashioned as wo saw them for the ordinary uses to which we adapted other things of similar substances , but very different form . " In this telling way the Cardinal enforced the artistic truth , that the use , form , size , and colour of all productions must harmonise , in order to produce a perfect work of art . Such was the secret of the excellence of antique workmanship . beautiful
" The art that was in those things was a part of themselves , was bestowed upon them in their very fabrication . They might take an Etruscan vase and scratch away from it every line which had been traced by the pencil of the embellisher , and still the seal of beautiful design , grace , elegance , and true art was so stamped upon it , that , if they wished to destroy and remove that , they must smash the vase to atoms . It was inherent in it , it was created with it , Then what we , he fancied , desired , was to bring art back to that same state in which the arts of dosign were so interwoven with the arts of production that the one could not be separated from the other ; but that which was made was , by a certain necessity , made beautiful . And this could only be when we were able to nil the minds of our artisans with true principles—not until true taste pervaded their souls , and until the true feeling of art was at their very fingers' ends . " With an apt quotation from Schiller , the Cardinal concluded his successful lecture .
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THE WAGES MOVEMENT . The wages movement continues in Wales . The flannel-weavers , of Carmarthen ; the masons , of Swansea ; the colliers , of Pembrokeshire ; the tailors , of Aberystwith , have all demanded higher wages—being refused , have " struck" work . Their success is anticipated . At Cardiff , the masons have succeeded in obtaining an advance of 3 d . per day , and the labourers of the same place have got a rise of 2 d . per day . The crafts connected with shipping , in the North of England , have felt the influence of the epidemic improvement . Tn the Newcastle-on-Tyne district , all classes of skilled labourers have had their wages raised ; the shipwrights
of Blyth now receive 30 * . per week , and the joiners of South Shields are demanding , and likely to get , from 24 s . to 27 s . a week . The good conduct of some of the operatives , in this and other districts , shows that the working-classes are bent on attaining ameliorations more permanently beneficial than better pay . For instance , the South Shields shipwrights , who , 'in view of the rise of twenty-five per cent , in freights and the general rise of wages in that part of the country , might easily obtain 3 O . per week , have been content with asking 27 s ., preferring steady wages to any extraordinary and temporary increase . At Wolverhampton , the operative builders have judiciously applied their efforts to a reduction of the hours of labour , as well as to
increased wages , but , unhappily , have violated the general good spirit of their proceedings , by some foolish acts of violence . In Birmingham , the men have behaved better : they manage mutters in an amicable way . The masters have offered the builders an advance of [ id . per day , to be given only to good workmen , and this oiler is likely to be accepted . Here , also , the hours of labour have been considered . It is proposed that work shall cease , on Saturday , at two o'clock , and that , the hour . s for the rest of the week days shall bo from six : to six , with time for meals . This arrangement will probably bo established .
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CLEVER KNAVERY FRUSTRATED . BKGttiNO lottora in a rather now stvlo have been introduced . Mr . Uurchett , tho watchmaker , in Oxibrd-strtMjt , was robbed lately of watches and jewellery , worth 2 ( XX ) J . A few dayH ui ' tor he received a letter from one " concerned in the job , " promising , on payment of 101 ., a revolution tliut , would feud to tho recovery of tho goods . It , thus ended , — " Put it paper , with ' Yes' or 'No , ' on your window , this morning , «<> Hint I may writo again where to place tho money Ho quiet , or it will be all blown . " Tho negotiation proceeded , and tho secret , correspondent requested that tho money should bo " made up in a fimall parcel , and placed under a flagstone over a gutter in Kiiint . James ' s Turk , " u plan of tlio spot accompanying this direction . A nol . o was accordingly placed on tho spot indicated and tho police wero ho I , to wutcli . From nine
o ' clock until pawl , twelve the policeman watched tho snot , mid from tiino to tiino noticed u man lurking about ,. Tho man spoke to him passingly , gave ; some excuse for hi . s b « ing there , walked on , but Ht . ill occasionally ro-appeared . Tho first policeman was relieved at , twelvo o ' clock by another , who noticed tho name man " dodging" about the flagstone , sometimes taking a Heat , near it ,, and them , with a sideward look , passing on ; finally , b troll ing towards the 11 onto Guards . Tho policeman , unobserved , followed his movements . Towards five o ' clock in tho morning ( Saturday ) tho man at length took tho noto from under tho stone , and wulkoil away up Pall Mall . Ho was immediately seized . IUh iiiumi in Lttwranoe . II o in a carpenter , and has lind good ftiimloymoiit at , Meux ' s , tho brewers . JI ' o is suspoctud of oilier proceedings of tho kind , and hu « boon coiumiltou for trial .
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, Lieutenant-General Sir Walter Raleigh Gilbert died thia week , in London . He was a / most distinguished soldier , and achieved great distinction in the Indian army . While Lieutenant Gilbert , he was present at the great battles in the early part of the century ; and shone out conspicuously in the Sutlej campaigns . Lord Gough highly praised him . His last crowning act finished the campaign in the Punjab , 16 , 000 old and tried Sikh soldiers having grounded their arms to him . Mr . Horsman , it is reported , will be a Liberal candidate for the vacant seat at Plymouth . Mr . Houndell Palmer's name is also mentioned .
Two Liberals , Marjoribanks and Forster , have been returned for Berwick , against Renton and Hodgson , the Conservative candidates : two first polling , respectively 473 and 385 ; the others , 196 and 157 . A meeting , to express opinion on the late espionage on Kossuth , and the pending prosecution of Mr . Hale , was held , on Wednesday evening , at the " Horns , " Kennington Common . Lord Dudley Stuart was the chief speaker . The tone of the meeting was spirited and intelligent . Some " modifications" of the Irish income-tax are intended . Tenant-farmers are to be rated on the Scotch system of assessment , and those paying under 300 / . a year rent will be exempted . The inquisitorial nature of the assessment is to be much changed ; the income of the trader will be roughly ascertained by finding out the rent he pays for his premises . If he pays 25 / . a year , his income will be set down at 100 Z . a year . The commencement of the tax is postponed to next year .
An " arrangement , " it is said , has caused the withdrawal of the petition against Mr . Maguire , M . P . for Dungarvon . At the close of the present session he is to resign , but may stand again . Mr . John Sadleir is to contest the borough when the vacancy occurs . The Protestant Association is in debt 400 / . It considers that Lord John Russell , in opposing the inspection of nunneries has " tarnished the glory of his house . " The Sons of the Clergy Society is 199 years old ; on "Wednesday it celebrated its arrival at that age at St . Paul ' s with a service , and at Merchant Tailors Hall with a dinner . The Jewish orphans of London are well cared for by the
" peculiar people . " The asylum and school are well supported , and at the annual dinner on Monday , 1000 / . was subscribed on the spot . The festivity was unusual and appropriate . A long Hebrew" grace" was chanted by the chief rabbi , tho company sitting covered during the ceremonial . " The traditional dishes of the ancient people" exclusively formed the feast , and malgre the late decision of the Lords , the usual " loyal toasts" wero duly honoured . Some gentlemen not Jews were present , among whom were Sergeant Murphy , the Soman Catholic member for Cork , and Mr . Charles Pearson , the City solicitor .
The legality of unstamped newspapers was , yesterday , tested in the Court of Exchequer ; the case of the Potteries Free Press being before the Court . It -was decided that Mr . Collet had violated the act ; and the jury found a verdict for tho crown , of three penalties of 20 / . each . Mr . Collet announced that he bowed to tho decision of tho Court ; ho must now discontinue tho paper altogether . The Irish Court of Chancery ( which Mr . Whitesidc , in a new Bill , proposes to invest with new powers ) scorns as well constructed to delay justice as our English institution . A suit commenced in 1809 was not concluded till 1840 . A suit instituted in 1803 had to bo concluded lately by tho snlo in tho Incumbercd Estates Court ; and a like remedy put a tardy termination to another suit begun in 1793 . Tho London Corporation has " declined with thanks " tho invitation of the Committeo of tho Dublin Exhibition .
Tho following is their resolution : — " lhat this corporation consider it a compliment to lie invited to bo present at tho opening of tho Groat Industrial Exhibition at Dublin , but regret that it is not in their power to accept it . " Tho law proceedings arising out of tho votes given by Alderman Salomons in the House of Commons havo terminated . Tho writ of error , impugning tho judgment for tho plaintiff has boon decided against tho Alderman by Lord Campbell , with five other judges . Tho now camp at Chobhain in to contain four regiments of cavalry , throe brigades of infantry , and twenty-four ¦ pieces of artillery .
An exhibition of British cabinot-work in to open on next Saturday at Mnrlborough-houso . It will includo specimens of antique and modern cabinet-work " from tho period of tho Reformation to tho prosont tiino . " Why tho selection is thus bounded passes our understanding , unless it , bo that pro-Reformation upholstery boing tho result of Popish design , is inadmissible under a state Cabinet , representing only opinions dated " from tho period of tho Information- " Marylebono has followed Kensington in tho institution of a now cemetery . It is to bo laid out at Finehley , in mi accessible situation . Tho soil is of a light , loamy cluy , and the ground affords great facilities for drainage . Jiooks are now open at , tho Bank of England for receiving the siibHcription . sof those holders of " Reduced" and " Consols" who intoiul to tako advantage of any Of Mr . Glad-Htono ' s alternatives for tho conversion of their stock .
Holders of South Sea Stock nro to subscribe thoir assent to conversion in books open at tho South Sea House . Thirty thousand loiters and fifty thousand nowspapers wore despatched from England to Australia by tho last mail , vid India . Dreadful disasters havo occurred at Madras . Sixty vessels—twenty largo ships and forty coasters havo boon lost in a hurricane , on tho 27 th and 28 th March . Most of them woro French . Tho Australian mail hitherto despatched from Plymouth on tho 3 rd of ovory altornato month , has coasod . In May , July , September , and November , of this year , tho
Australian letters will go by Singapore , and special provision will be made for mails in the intervening months . The Great Western Railway propose to extend their line to Southampton . To meet the new line , new docks are about being built at the west side of Southampton . The communication with Australia is fortunately not dependent on the unable and unfortunate Australian " Royal Mail" Company . The General Screw Steam Packet Company is organizing- efficient means towards making our intercourse with the Antipodes easy and secure . Their second steamer , the Argo , a very fine ship , left Southampton on Saturday . She is to call at the Cape de Verde , and from thence make for Port Phillip , without touching
at the Cape of Good Hope . The fears of a deficiency in the supply of Australian wool are now no longer felt in commercial circles ; the late arrivals have brought large cargoes . " Dwelling houses , cavalry barracks , and a church , " of iron , are at present being manufactured in Birmingham , and are destined for Australia . Several hundreds of the iron houses for the same place are being made at Smethwick . The connexion of Oxford with Worcester and Wolverhampton is of local importance , and even of some national interest , as it completes a thoroughly new line from London
to the Mersey . The new communication was opened on Saturday , and two demonstrations—an excursion on the railway and a luncheon at Oxford—took place . Near Oxford , the line is remarkable for the great quantity of stonework , there being fifty bridges in sixteen miles . Sir John Pakington presided at the feast ; Mr . Oliveira , M . P ., and other local and railway celebrities were present . " The Church" was the second toast , and the " Master of Pembroke , " in speaking to it , promised that Oxford University would improve itself , and usefully " educate persons of all professions . " The completion of the line is considered a signal triumph for the directors and shareholders , as they have had eight years' effort in getting through . Parliament and in actual work .
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The case of Miss Mardon was broug ht before the police court , again , yesterday , and her evidence was confirmed by other testimony . The surgeons are again remanded , as Mr . Gordon has not yet been caught . A singular incident has taken place at Preston . Miss Fanny Crosby , daughter of a draper in the town , was a clever and accomplished girl . She was given much to study , and its excess is said to have affected her intellects . On Tuesday evening she was observed sitting on some stones which projected into the river near the town ; her feet in the water . On seeing that she was noticed , she
" plunged into the deep water , " and was drowned . ( It might have been accident . ) An old clergyman , of eighty years of age , lived in the Badon ( Suffolk ) rectory-house , with a housekeeper of seventy and a housemaid . A household so feeble was a temptation to outrage . On Sunday last while Mr . Barker and the housemaid were at church , some ruffian got into the house , and brokp the skull of the poor old housekeeper , who , as was evidenced by the disordered dress and mauled condition of tho coi / pae , had struggled much . Some money was taken by the murderer .
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A boiler-explosion occurred in a Belfast factory last week . Two boys were killed , and five persons seriously injured . Holmfirth is obstinately unfortunate , or some penny-aliner makes it his home . This week a Fall of Snow at Holmfirth has dropped into a corner of the Times , blocking up several trains , blighting trees , and nearly killing
one man . Our Journal of Railway Accidents" did not " receive support" for some weeks , but there is now some promise of fresh materials . On Thursday of last week , on the London and Hull Railway , an engino " got off" tho lino near Hambleton , four miles west of Solby . The engine-driver , John Thompson , and the stoker , Joseph Sykes , were killed on the spot . Poor Thompson , who leaves a wife and three children , was shockingly mangled . None of tho passengers wero injured . The railway officials can assign " no cause " for the accident . There aro over 20 , 000 children in London utterly neglected by their parents and living in idleness and without education . Tho duty on books last year amountod to 7 , 525 / . It is certainly a singular fact that such a literary Cabinet as tho preeont has not abolished this duty .
What tho Times will gain by tho remission of tho halfpenny stamp tax on supplements may bo estimated by tho figures of a recent Parliamentary return . During ' 52 it puid for such stumps 22 , 187 / . lOjr ., while tho Morning Herald paid but 20 / . lfls . 8 ., and tho Daily News tho same . Tho number of children taught in London ragged schools is over 2 <) , 0 ( X ) , only 2 ( XX ) receiving an industrial education . Tho society ' s shoe-blocks number thirty-soven ; they have earned in tho year , 7 ( 50 / .
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HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK . Tine continuous improvement in tho public health that has boon lately remarked scums to havo boon arrested , for tho deaths in London that had fallen in tho previous week to 1081 ) roso again in tho wook that ended last Saturday to 1151 ) . Jn tho ten corresponding wooks of tho years 1843-f > 2 tho average number was 1 ) 18 , which , if raised in proportion to increase of population , becomos 1010 . Hence it appears that tho actual mortality exceeds tho estimated amount by 141 ) .
In comparing tho roturnB of the last two weeks it is soon that tho deaths of children under 15 years rose from 507 to 601 , thoso of persons of 00 yonrfl and upwards from 228 to 23 $ ) , whilo thoso in tho middle period of life did not vary in amount . Of children who died of bronchitis tho numbers in the two weeks wero 2 $ ) and 41 , whilo pneumonia carriod off tt () and ( HI . Tho deaths at all ages from bronchitis woro 1 ( X ) and 115 , those from pneumonia 75 and 83 . Diseases of tho respiratory organs woro fatal in 221 caeca lost wook :
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466 « THE LEADER . * [ Saturday ,
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MISCELLANEOUS . Queen Victoeia still keeps state in the Isle of Wight . We observe that Lord Aberdeen , Lord Clarendon , and Sir Edwin Landseer , have been visitors this week .
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Leader (1850-1860), May 14, 1853, page 466, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1986/page/10/
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