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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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T ORD PALMEBSTON'S continuance in offic e jU as H 6 me Secretary , and tbe latest intelligence from Constantinople , impart a totally new aspect to the state of public affairs , both at home and abroad ; and the altered character is strengthened rather than modified by what we hear through less obvious channels .
It is now expected in all quarters , from St . Petersburg to C onstantinople , from Vienna to Paris and London , that war can no longer be avoided . It is regarded as inevitable in all circles , from the high diplomatic and official circles to the Stock Exchange , from the mess-room of barrack or ship to the office of the journal of every party , from the drawing-room to the coffee-house . We believe there is no exception to this general belief , which is indeed justified by obvious facts .
Instead of employing peace , the last act on the part of Turkey , in agreeing to continued negotiations , does but render the progress of war more certain . There was , we believe , but one chance for peace , and a disgraceful and a dishonourable peace it would have been : it was that Turkey , at the eleventh hour , should have proved herself impotent and extravagant , and should ; have made her case so bad as to have justified the Allied Powers in sacrificing her to
her invader . She has not done so . The Porte has agreed to the propositions of the Four Powers for a renewed negotiation . The negotiation was to be conducted by the representatives of Russia wid Turkey , in the presence of the representatives of the Four Powers ; it was to have for its object a definite understanding as to tho performance of cortnin stipulations on the part of Turkey , and tho withdrawal of llussia from any invasion which nicniaces tho sovereignty and independence of Turkey . The effect of this conference would have in
boon , that- Turkey would have secured her - dependence against indignity from <>» power , and Russia would have . secured tho substantial guarantees which sho has demanded without tho necessity of snatching them by any hucIi violent and indecorous process an she has attempted . Turkey hits agreed to negotiate for those object * " , and on tho' invitation of the Four Powers , who sauctioned her refusal of tho previous note , she has stated the conditions on which who would enter upon the negotiations . Tho conditions arc three , niUunjly , that the place for the renewed
negotiations shall not be Vienna ; that the Four Powers shall give their guarantee for the evacuation of the Principalities on the conclusion of the new treaty ; and that the existing treaties with Kussia shall not be renewed . In those conditions there is nothing unreasonable . Austria has behaved in such slippery style as to justify the wish of Turkey for transferring the conference to any place rather than Vienna ; and , we may add , that England
happens to be represented at Vienna by a nobleman , estimable in his private character , tasteful in his personal pursuits , but clinging to opinions which have gone out of office in this country , and suspected of aiding in . those court intrigues which have served the purposes of particular families , and have essentially promoted the intrigues of llussia . The offer to accept the guarantee of the Four Powers for the evacuation of the
Principalities , instead of being a demand , is a concession on the part of Turkey—a concession which proves her reliance on the honourable treatment of the Four Powers and her desire to sustain the comity of nations . The demand to discontinue the existing treaties with a power that has so grossly abused those treaties , is too reasonable to be the subject
of complaint . This temperate and dignified proceeding on the part of Turkey pledges such of her allies as are acting in good faith to remain firm to the alliance , and it constitutes a new ground upon which they may act . Instead , therefore , of furnishing the pretext by which they might have backed away from the contest , it closes the door ngainst retreat on their part .
There is , however , not the slightest reason to suppose that llussia will accept all these conditions ; on the contrary , as soon as the communication of the Four Powers , accompanied by tho statement of these conditions on the part of Turkey , shall reach St . Petersburg , the reply of Russia is likely to be couched , whether formally or virtually , in a declaration of war against not only Turkey but her allies . It in well known that both sides arc preparing for the'extreme meaHures which the critical Mtatc
of the relations renders urgently probable . Wo mentioned lasl ; week the hostile declaration of Persia against this C-Joverninent ; and , although that declaration docs not bear very immediately upon anything which is passing in Europe , although we have no reason to fear that a Persian army will land in Kent , or the Persian fleet , sail np tho Thames , yet it proves the extent , to which Russia is pushing her preparations . They
have now shown themselves on ground which concerns us more nearly . It is well understood that Kussia has sent to Sweden an order that the ports of that country shall be closed against English and French ships . As Denmark has already constituted itself a fief , held as it were by a cadet branch , with a reversion to the Crown of Russia , there could be no difficulty in obtaining the co-operation of that power in excluding French , and English ships—the less since the Danes , however opposed to the Russianizing tendencies of their court , nurse violent resentment against the country of Nelson . If Sweden were to acquiesce , the Baltic powers would be leagued to shut England and France out of that sea , and Russia would be defended , without expense , by two kingdom outposts . It is said that the Court of Sweden is inclined to favour that great patron who is in the habit of swallowing up his proteges—that patron who saved Austria , as a means of acquiring Bohemia ; who protects Denmark as a means of cutting off intermediate heirs to the Danish throne ; and who is still gracious towards Sweden after appropriating Finland . But the Swedish people are understood to cherish a feeling of national pride and independence which will compel their court to reject the insidious and dangerous overtures of Russia . We believe that the preparations of Russia for attacking us , either in our more distant interests and our more distant dependencies , or by some direct blow upon ourselves , have not been more active than those which our authorities at home have carried on . Of one class of preparation we arc quite sure . The best feeling prevails in our fleets . Whatever tho officers of high rank may feel of perplexity at the diplomatic restraints under which they are placed , and at the unpunished arrogance of Sevastopol , the sailors of the fleet in the Bosphorus can hardly be kept back ; they long to have ii fling at the Russian . And for our own part wo may say that , before many weeks or even days are over , we expect to hear of more decisive action than any which lias been reported . Not long since tho First Lord of the Admiralty went ; down to our naval ports to superintend preparations for building the Q ^ fi ffi ^ g new yacht . Is it to be supposed ^ f | £ 3 SEk | fr ~ Nw whole attention of the First ' Lov ^^ f ^^^ 0 ^ rjy , < entirely in yacht-building , cven ^ foBiA' ^ ^ Jtf ' h ^ / -j , Victoria ? Various statements bavc ^ be ^ * M ^» {)! t Q such as the one ; , thai ; there is to 1 ) 371 n ^ t ^ a ^^ CT ^ ~ ileet destined for servico in the 13 « j 8 c , ' " ^ M ^ S ^ > I'M •' " : r \ U ^ ' ( - >^ ~ ^ ^« 9 ?
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VOL . IV . No . 197 ] SATURDAY , DECEMBER 31 , 1853 . [ Price Sixpence .
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N ¦« w « oFTHEWEEK- WOB Strikes and Wages .. 1256 Young Torydoxy 1261 Number J \ ip . 1268 SS 4 S * .,............ . ip » ¦ %£ gsd&ia * ssz . S . ¦ ¦ Sr SJSSSS ' assi-TK : ^ S » s = S : : :::::: ^»» gi v :: ;; » :: ' ::::::: ; : I **•»«—* - " »« r .. , £ 2 sSS £ « i £ 52 ^ .: 3 "SSTSlSSSaf ^ SfSa . In fanticide m the Punjab ... —• 1252 PUBLIC AFFAIRS- Josef ... 1268 Tbe American ASaira .....- ¦ ...... . .... 1253 Oneirne Year and ODenhur LITERATURE- Photography ... ... 1268 The Church arid the Working _ TheOpen . ng Year andOpening ^ Moore an d Journal Writing 1265 Clas ^ es ^ .. ^ .. ^ .-..... " ---- •••¦•• ••••• ^ I ^ r d Paimerston andthe Lan " Two Novels ...... 1266 ¦ - ¦ SBSBBSf " :- " - iS 5 S 8 ftSgs& » - - ™ - ¦ -. ^ . , — ... » ^ bUity o ^ W 6 i ! B *^^ lfe Bis- 12 K } ^^ rfunity PrttSSiaS — * i 259 lay for the New Year 1267 COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS-
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¦" The one Idea , which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeavour to throw down allthe barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race as-one brotherhood , having one great object—the iree development of bur " spiritual nature . "—Ilumboldt ' s Cosmos .
Jfcg Flf Lift Witt
jfcg flf lift Witt
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 31, 1853, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2019/page/1/
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