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Leader (1850-1860), 7th January 1854, Edition 1 of 1, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      and despatches announcing what has just token place have been sent to the Pashas and to the Generals of the armies of Roumelia and Anatolia , in order that the course of the military movements may not be interfered with . The object of the present notification is to make this decision known to all the world . " To this notification is appended the folio-wing — " The above-mentioned decision having been come to unanimously , conformably to the glorious provkions of the Java , emanating from the sacred law , any one who shall allow himself to speak against the foregoing shall be considered to have spoken against a decision come to nnanimously , and be immediately subjected to the penalties which will have been incurrred for this act . We announce this

      provision to you for your information . " The letters brought by the Caradoc from Constantinople are to the 24 th of December . Constantinople was tranquil . A certain number of the individuals arrested had been exiled to Candia . The defeat experienced by the Turks in Georgia is much less serious than was reported . The correspondent of the Morning Chronicle at Constantinople sends the following amended version of the last negotiations , by which it will appear on bow hollow a basis the quadruple affiance rests ;— " When the collective Note of the 6 th December reached Constantinople , the negotiations on this scheme of Lord de Redcliffc were so far advanced , and were . proceeding so favourably , that it was wisely resolved by the Ambassadors of the Four Powers not to break

      on , in tavottr or a new project , an arrangement which had already nearly reached maturity . Accordingly , b y the concurrent determination of the four Ambassadors , the Vienna Note was withheld , and the negotiations on that of Lord de Redcliffe were continued . It is , therefore , this ~ Note of Lord de RedclinVs which Turkey is said to have accepted , and which , if finally agreed upon , will be presented to Russia with the sanction of the Four Powers . It is understood , however , ' that Austria considers that the chances of the project being accepted atjSt . Petersburg would be greatly improved , were U presented to - the Emperor by Austria and Prussia clone ; and , as the Western Governments have , it is stated , after some discussion , acquiesced in this viewbeing a mere-point of form—it will be presented by the two German Powers only . "

      The SticU reports that Austria and Prussia have withdrawn from the negotiations since the fleets were ordered to enter the Black Sea .

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      " The Moniteur of yesterday contains a circular , dated December 80 , addressed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the legations of the Emperor in foreign countries , on the Eastern question . This document , which is very moderate , but very firm , after narrating the different phases of the question , declares that . France , England , Austria , and Prussia , have recently , by their agreement concerned at Vienna , solemnly recognised that the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire was one of the conditions of their political equilibrium . " The afiair of Sinope took place against all prevision , Russia hawing declared that ' she only desired a material guarantee for the fulfilment of what she demanded . " To prevent the Ottoman territory or the Ottoman flag from being the object of a new attack-on the part of the naval forces of Russia , the French and English fleets have received' the order to enter the Black Sea . "

      The circular terminates by expressing the hope that Russia will not expose Europe to new convulsions . Since the affair of Sinope there are no longer any Russian vessels-of-war remaining in the Black Sea , and they appear not to be inclined to quit Sebastopol , where they have taken refuge . A letter of the 21 st ult ., from Christiania , announces that three Russian officers had just arrived in that place charged with a particular mission . They are , it is said , to visit the diflereut ports of Morway . An adjdtant oi the Sultan has been sent with . two firmans to Servia . The Rosso-Turkish treaties annulled ; all previous rights voluntarily confirmed . Servia has the option of claiming the Protectorate of all the Powers . The Belgrade correspondent of the OsL Deutsche Post contradicts the news of the death of Izzet Pasha , which he announced ou the 13 th .

      A letter from Malta , of the 30 th , announces that the military commandant had just received orders from Government to make the necessary arrangements at the arsenal for the establishment of a reserve of artillery and ammunition , which was about to be sent from England .

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      The lerrer of the so-called " ultimatum" to Russia , from Louis Napoleon , was the Secretary to the French JEmbassy at St . Petersburg , M . de Reizet , on return from leave of absence . He cannot arrive in the Russian capital before the 8 th or 9 th , so that the reply of . Russia to the announcement cannot well be known here , even by telegraph , before the 15 th or 16 tb . The Russian Colonel . Kovnlensky , -who so successfully agitated in Montenegro before the war broke out last year , has been there again . His nominal business was to present some vessels for the National Church , given by the Emperor Nicholas .

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      At the reception on New Year ' s-day , after saying a few words to the Nuncio , which were not overheard , the Emperor addressed the other members of the diplomatic corps , and said in sub&tnnce , and very nearly in words , as follows : — " I sincerely hope to bo able to maintain the relations of amity which now subsist between my Govermneut and the Sovereigns whoso representatives you are ; " and , turning towards the Ottoman Ambassador , ho added , " My good wishes , my sympathies , and my efforts are in fuvour of your Sovereign , and you will be good enough to communicate what I say to him . " As war approaches , Louio Napoleon abounds in personal civilities to the Russian Ambassador . On New Ycar ' s-day he said to M . de Kisscleff , " 1 trust , Monsieur VA mbassadeur , that the year 1854 may be a good year for us all . " The evening before there was a grand bail at tho Princess Mathilde ' s , to usher in the new year . The Emperor and tlie

      Ernpreos , Who were present , showed great attention to the ministers of Russia and Austria , and the Empress was cracwusly , pleased to dance with both M . Hubner aud M . de Kisseleff . This latter , also , had the honour of waltzing with the Pnncess Mathilde . M . Kenikoff , director of the Political Chancery at Teflis , ins departed for Persia and Aft ^ hanistan , as Ambassador Extraordinary of the Czar ; he is accompanied by a General ? 2 sS v SlaAT 8 feaff ? ffi cers- He was expected at Teheran on a'I 5 ° i ° - * , F ber- Mr- Thompson , the British Charge * dAffaires in Persia , has suceeeded in terminating the difference which had existed between > that - country and bngland . Ahmet EffendirTurkiab . Charge d'Aflkires , satisfied with the explanations of the Persian Government , did not think it right to interrupt his relations with the * Shaft . - ^ The Consul-General of England has left Bucharest , and gone to the head-quarters of Omar Pasha at Rustcbrak .

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      The changes in the Turkish Ministry are Eiza Pasha Lakjpg ^ he place of the Capudan Pasha ( as Minister of Marine ) , dismissed in consequence of the affair at Sinope and Hahl Pasha , brother-in-law of the Sultan , entering , as we ! should say , the Cabk ^ t without a portfolio . The new members are bothi men of extraordinary vigour and capacity . Biza Pasha , before the present hostilities , would have been considered belonging to the peace party , but he is now the most determined advocate of war a Coutrance . Of Halil Pasha the same may be eaid . At present no peace party can be said to exist in Turkey , though there may be statesmen more ready than others to prolong the negotiations which are now acknowledged on all sides to be hopeless .

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      . All accounts from Russia mention the extraordinary aetivity of the preparations of war . From the Baltic to the Black Sea vigorous recruiting is going on , and the whole of the army ys to be placed on a war footing . The letters from St . Petersburg toihe 29 th ult . quote the rate of exchange slightly : more unfavourable for England . A considerable business bad taken place in exports for next year . With regard to politics , the only remark is that the preparations going on in all quarters are such as to denote that they are made with a view to more serious contingencies than that of a war merely with Turkey . The New Prussian Gazette of the 29 th ult . confirms the account alread y given of the Emperor of Russia having ordered that all the forces in his empire shall be placed on a war footing .

      A private letter from St . Petersburg , dated the 25 th , contains some interesting details , which there is no time to transcribe . The first paragraph , however , is as follows : — " There reigns here at this moment , in all branches of the public service , a movement , and activity of which there has been no example since the preparations of the army in 1812 . On seeing how the minds and the efforts of the entire nation are turned towards war , one would say that Russia thinks herself on the eve of arnew invasion . Each day numerous feldtingues ( couriers ) leave for every part of the empire to hasten on the armaments . Agents are sent abont everywhere to wake n p the fanaticism and ferocity of the Orthodox population , and to rouse from the very depths of Asia the hordes of Kirghese , Mongols , and Tartars , and precipitate them on the Indus , with the hope of the sack and pillage of the British Presidencies . "

      Everything is done to give the war the character of a national and religious struggle , and , if the letter of a gentleman long resident in Russia , and well acquainted with the country , which is transmitted to the Times , is to be trusted , not without success . _ The Emperor is profuse in thanks and rewards to all the chief officers employed on the Danube and in As'ia . He lias addressed a warm letter of praise to Prince Woronzow , to Admiral Kachimow ( of Sinope infamy ) , and to his son Constantino , for his . vigorous administration of the marine department , in the absence of Prince Menschikoff .

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      Russiaw intrigues and menaces , however , seem alike to have failed in- Sweden and Denmark . On the 27 th ult ., King Oscar of Sweden and Norway communicated to the Swedish Diet , in secret committee , the text of a treaty concluded between him and Denmark , with a view to assure their respective neutrality in case of a European war . The substance of this treaty has been communicated in a Note to the European Powers . The general rules which the Governments of Sweden and Denmark have laid down for themselves in tho event of the outbreak of war , are—Abstention during the straggle that may take p lace , from all participation , direct or indirect , in favour of one belligerent party to the detriment of another .

      Admission into Swedish , Danish , and Norwegian ports of tho men-of-war and merchantmen of those samo belligerent parties , each of the two Governments reserving to itself , however ^ tho right of prohibiting tho entrance of the said vessels into certain ports , or into certain basins of those ports , an interdiction which will naturally bo extended to the belligerent parties . Permission to said vessels to provide themselves ut the ports of tho two monarchies with all goods and merchandise

      they might Htand in need of , with the exception of articles regarded as contraband of war . Exclusion from tho entrance , and from the sale in the said ports , of wnr firizes , &c . Such arc the principal points of the neutrality declared in this Note . The Sovereigns of Denmark , and Sweden nnd Norway , on the other hand , claim for the vessels of their respective States the ri ^ lit of the continuance of enjoying safety and every facility in their commercial relations with the belligerent Poworo , under the obligation of submitting to the rules of the law of nations Ln special cases of blockade , ike .

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      On the 21 st ult ., the somewhat' novel ceremony of consecrating an English abbot was performed by ^ Cardinal Wiseman , at the Church of St . Gregory . " Drl . Burderj theabbot elect , abandoned the Church ot England abont' eight y « ars ago , and entered the new Ttappist monastery of StTBern&rd in Leicestershire , where he rendered Mmselt so acceptable to his brethren , that at-the end of three years they elected him , their superior . The provincial-general of the-order , bowever , would not ratify the election , on account of the short time the doctor had served in the monkish ranks ,, And he was therefore obliged to content himself for four , years more with the secondary dignity of prior , On Wednesday ,

      Cardinal Wiseman installed him in his fall rank , and-Dri Ijurder , as abbot of St . Bernard's , with shaven , crown fend Carmelitie fovra , paraded up and down the church between' two Italian ishops , all with their croziers before them , whilst a full choir thundered out an impressite " Te Deunu" Another English Trappist monk took part in the ceremony , acting as the cardinal's deacon , his powerful frame and thoroughly Anglo-Saxon features , in combination with the monkish garb , reminding one irresistibly of the Friar Tack olass ^ tiif anchorites who figure in our early ballads" and traditions . Dr . Manning preached upou the occasion . The * Austrian Government acts as mediator between the Church and Government in Baden . The arrested priests were released on Christmas eve , in order to perform their functions during the sacred festival .

      M . Visconti was buried on Tuesday at 1 o ' clock , at the church of St . Philippe du Roule . There Was a large attendance of political ana literary celebrities , and all the academies were represented by deputations . After the ceremony at the church , the body wus removed to Pere-lo-Ctmise . - A carriage of tho Emperor followed . M . Duchatel , the exminister was present at the funeral . M . Lightenvelt , lately Mini s ter in Holland of affairs connected with the Roman Catholic religion , has been appointed to succeed Buron Fagel as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of France . Tito French Academy elected M . Saint Marc GLrardin as its Director , and M . < le Vigny as Chancellor for the first quarter of 1854 .

      The ball at the Tuuenes on Wednesday night was attended by about 200 O persons , among whom wera sevaral Uritish and other foreign officers . The Emperor opened the ball witlt the Princess Mathilde , and the Empress < Unced with Prince Nupoleoa . Tho Emperor appeared to be fatigued uud dull—ttuch ut least was the impression of « moy of the visitors . The Empress did not look so well as on the evening of the receptions .

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      There have been several arrests lately : at Berlin and Vienna . The Emperor of Austria was expected back from Munich at the end of this week . - , The body of General Von Radowitz was taken to the garrison church , to remain there until it could be transported toEriort A correspondent of the Cologne Gazette says , that daring bis long illness the Sang did not once have a personal interview nor did any intercourse take place between theiri , though both mutually desired it . > ¦ The-dying ? -g eneral re ^ peatedly exclaimed , « he had still somethingof-fmbortance to impart to the king . " During periods ' of Imperfect sleep he often spoke alottd , and on one . occasion , unconscious where he was , or perhaps thinking he was iiilne Chambers , he actually delivered a speech , which , for political talent , tact , and enthusiasm , might have vied with his happiest efforts of former times . r ¦*

      Letters from Vienna , dated December 27 , speak of the resumption of the loan project by the Austrian Government , which it is supposed will be accomplished by Austrian bankers , alone , as those of Frankfort , London , and Paris do not seem to enter into the plan . The new loan will amount to 50 , 000 , 000 florins at 5 per cent ., 4 , 000 . 000 of which will be employed for the payment of the due interests and 1 , 000 , ( K ) 0 for the establishment of a lottery . ' Meanwhile , according to letters from Berlin of December 30 , the Prussian Government also contemplates a loari ^ thejproject ' of which is about to be submitted to the Chambers . ^ It fef prestimed'that the Second Chamber will not show itself favourable to the project unless reasons are given that jpolitxbai events render such a loan indispensable . In that ' case ' i the Prussian Government will be obliged to point out in precise terms the line of policy she intends to . adopt in the jireseni complications . — La Patrie . Jan 5 . . ' " . ' , ' .,

      . On the 28 th ult ., M Cadorna read to the JSfedmontese Chamber of Deputies the draught of the address in reply to the speech" from the throne . It was uiuoi&vftnaly adopted . The Chamber afterwards authorised the tCabinevby a majorityof 86 to 13 , to levy the taxesr until the close of M * rcb \ 1854 The Senate also voted on the sirae ) day the reply to the King ' s speech , without any discus « ioB . r ¦ -::.- ° { Some bread riots have "been got up by th ^^ reaetionaty and , clerical party among the peasantry . They were easily suppressed . . ' ¦/> ¦ ¦¦ .. •'¦ - ¦ •¦¦¦ :.. ¦ ; . : . T The particulars of the disturbances at Aosta , in the Turin jonmals of the 31 st ult ., are very scanty .. The Gpinione states that the insurgent bands of tho valley ^ of Aostfr adopted the party-cry of s " . The King for ever ! Down with the Constitution I" and attributes the movement to Ajutriaa intrigue . The ' Voce d ^ lldZiberia B&jd that ' bands were formed

      simultaneously at tbrec points , viz ., at San Martino , Verrez , and Bard , and that the movement spread to the valleys Ot Locftna and Pont . The Armonia states that the bands were compoaed of men from tbe valleys of GreaionBy ^ ChieiwaUai , and Brozzo , and adds to tie above party-cry inoilier : i * Maize at 3 francs 1 " The Piedmontese Gazette , announces that the news from . Aosta was of the most traoquilUsing naturtV ' and that the . bishops , the Intendant of the Province , and the Syndic , had induced th&anbttt ' gents byjn ^ suasipn . to laydown their arms . The National Guards andPa few veterans maintained order and tranqpilKfy in 'the * towai ,. while the troops were marching against tie rebels . It adds that ; " ' the movement might be considered put down . The Parlathento , how ever , says that two small bands of rebels ' were still infesting the mountains , though pursued by the' troops . .... j

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      January 7 ; 1854 . ] THE LEADER : 5

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      Operations are suspended in the Danubian provinces by the seventy of the winter . It is reported that both armies are ordered to remain oif the defensive for the present ; but that as soon as weather will permit Russia will attack the main positions of the Turkish forces .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 7, 1854, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2020/page/5/