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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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OUR DIVIDED CHURCH . Dissatisfied with the proceedings of the "National Society certain Low Church Leaders projected and sstablished , last year , a Tival—the " Church of England Education Society . " On Tuesday this new association held its first annual meeting , Lord Calthptpe presiding , and Sir John Pakington , Mr . Colq [ uhon , Mr . Arthur Kiimaird , the Rev . Mr . Girdle-Btone , and other well knovrn Low Church champions " assisting , " In his opening speech Lord Calthorpe expressed his . regret that the necessity had ever existed for instituting the society , for the National Sofciety was in his opinion , if well managed and well supported- ^ andit would have been well supported if it had been well managed—calculated to carry but
thcTbbjects of ; a national . system of education . Unhapily , howeyeg , the management of the National Society had , devoLyed . upon a , section of the Chiirch : — an active and an energetic section . certainly-r-and although TarJQiis efforts had been made at the different annual meetings to infuse into the composition of the-committee of that society new life and new Wood , those } effort * -were unsuccessful . It was , therefore , that some true friends of the Church of Erigiand , and iftctee who were' anxious to pToiinote the religious education of the people , determined to Jeaye the National Society and establish one which should te wore in accordance with their own views , and with those of a large class of the community .
The report stated that , after standing aloof for a time , inahy influential-friends of education hare enrolled themselves during the past year amongst its supporters ; autid that although : the society was not fairly launched before the public till the meeting at Willis ' s Rooms on the 25 th of May of last year , the total receipts up tp the 31 st of March have amounted to 4 , 834 / . 3 s . 10 d ; Itocal associations have been formed £ ii Liverpool , Manchester , York , ftullj Leeds , Cheltenham , Cliftont and Bristol , Yepvll , Brighton , aindotheFinipbrtant places . - 'Hlri ^ is-aadrcis ^ lSir 'Jfcliinv Paldigtbn'saidhe had citing to the > NationalSociety airlong as possible ; lie was Btill a member , andhoped the t \ va would yet be reunited . V ; ^ v ; - " . ¦* . > s- ¦ ¦ : ¦
: ' s - " ' '¦ H 6 gav « ' ' liisentire adherence totiieconditions on whifch th « ^ g ^ iritfir ^ ef this Soti $ ty were distributed , the most important of which were that the Hol y Scriptures should be th ^ teBia of th e education , and be made the subject of daily inctraction in the schools , and that tlie religious teaching Bhould be' in accordance -vith the articles and formularies ot gift Church of England—the extent to which those formu-Janes shonld be taught being left to the discretion of the local mimager * . He thought the National Society would do well to relax that part of their rules which made the teaching of th 6 catechism imperative not only in every school but to efery . ftchqlar , witliout leaving anything to the discretion of ths ' local jmanager ; although it was notorious that in
nacrous instances throughout the couDtryBuch a rule could not ^ trictl y '^ be carried out without inflicting the greatest hardshi p enlarge numbers « f Christians who had a-claim to education ; and ought / to have its , benefits , but . who were deprived of them because , from conscientious motives , they were unable to comply , with the formularies of the Church . This , which vras the religious difficulty in the way of any system of national education , might if the question were met in a bolder , and at the sajne time , a more tolerant spirit than it had hitherto been , be removed altogether , without abandoning , , b y ¦ one iota * ,- the important principle of religious teaching , , or vielding , in the slightest degree , to -what was called the voluntary system . "
The Rev . Mr . Girdlestone gave a clearer insight into the originating cause of the succession . To show the necessity' for the society ' s taking the training institutions into its own hands , he said there was an unconcealed desire on the part of one section in the church to get into its own hands the whole of the training schools of the country , and the training of all the teachers . That party , the tractarians , despairing of producing the effects they wished upon the adult population , was entering upon the more certain course of sapping the citadel at its foundation , of polluting the stream at its source . The " business" was purely formal .
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THE KEVEREND FREDERICK MAURICE . ( From a Correspondent . ' ) Some time ago a circular was privately distributed among the ministers and members of various dissenting bodies proposing a testimonial to Mr . Maurice . This circular stated that " a few Dissenters , who are desirous of a fuller and more comprehensive expression of the relation between Christian life and all other modes of national , social , and personal existence , are anxious to ttike the present opportunity of
showing their sympathy and obligation to Professor Maurice as one who , more than any other in this nge , has laboured wisely and perseveringly in the exposition of these relations both by his writings and hia life . " To this invitation upwards of forty ministers " v , menit > erB > representing almost all aspects and ehades of dissenting life cordially responJed , and many more expressed admiration and obligation , but , lor various reasons , declined to join in this movement . A very handsome and massive timepiece has
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THE MORALITY OF COMMERCE : ADULTERATION . A movement , not new perhaps , but useful , was begun at Birmingham last week . Several medical gentlemen and others met in conference to consider a subject in which all are . interested—the best means of preventing the adulteration of articles of food and drugs . Mrv Scholefield , M . Pi , presided . Mr . Postgate , Lecturer on anatomy at Sydenham College , Birmingham , put in a statement , shoving the shocking extent to which traders carry the adulteration of food . He described how liorscbean meal is mingled with flour and made into bread ; how taken as food
it often leads to dyspepsia and permanent ill-health ; ftovr an admixture of atom converts unsound and unsaleable wheat into whea . t sound and saleable ; and how , with astonishing kindness , some bakers , who use alum largely , and are aware of its constipating effects , " considerately introduce ' » little jalap . " Talcing other articles seriatim , he showed that cnicory is still mixed with coffee ; that sulphuric acid enters largely into vinegar ; that lemonade , gingerbeer , and other cooling beverages are—creana of of tartar ; that sweet spirits of nitre and sal volatile often contain—aquafortis ! and as regards the milk he
says" Within a mile of the centre of this midland scat of intelligence , in a back street with a very aristocratic name , resides , or did reside , a milkman , celebrated for the thickness and richness of his cream . He was thought to have rare cows . His name was up , and he drove a roaring trade . His cream consisted of very finely prepared chalk and a modicum of cow cream , to which a rich butter tint was given by turmeric . The real cream lie churned . ° My informant is the druggist , mtIio regularly sold him these articles . Water furnishes a ready means of adulterating milk , as every resident in large towns can testily , and this is no small matter , as it directly diminishes the quantity of nutriment giv « n to children and invalids—to Bay nothing of the difficulty of procuring from this milk good cream . "
Drugs , he assures us , fire regularl y vitiated ; the Bame prescription , made up at two different shops , produces widely different effects ; and thus are the best intentions of medical men constantly frustrated . Asked what commodities are unadulterated , Mr . Postgate said nothing but raw materials—fish , flesh , and vegetables ! Honest commerce .
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THE NEW PURVEYOR INSTITUTION * . We are glad to see the principle of co-operation extending in the Churcli . An able Oxford clergyman has issued a circular letter on this subject from which we make the following extract : — "Oriel Coll . 1854-41 Deau Sir , —I wish to lny before you , in a few wordn , tlie reasons which hnve led me to become trustee for the * Univcrsnl Purveyor , or Supply nnd Demand Arbitrative Institution , ' of No . 150 , Fenchurch-street , City . " They are cliiofly as follows : —
" It must bo allowed tliut the relations between producers and consumers , as well as between masters and worlcmen , are in a very unsatisfactory btate . The prevalence of fraud and extortion , as well as the frequent losses of shopkeepers by fluctuation of market , underselling , »< nd other irregularities , and the excessive system of advertising , touting , and pressing customers to pur < . nnse , arc evils demanding correction . And the hostility of masters and workmen , imposing upon individuals a necessity of acting with their clnss , often to tlicir own injury , and often against their better judgment ; and interposing endless difficulties in the wny of equitable arrangements and friendly measures , is becoming a serious detriment to our manufactures , and a demoralising element both for Llit ) unonicd and th poorer classes .
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PLEASANT TALK . Last week Sir Bulwer Lytton delivered an instructive address to the members of the St . Alban ' s Mechanics * Institute . He discoursed pleasantly about the historical associations with different places in their neighbourhood , besides giving good advice as to the best mode of mnnag-ing the institute and its contemporaries in the county . The latter , no doubt , is interesting to tlie people of St . Alban ' s , who may usefully turn th « ir attention to education . The former is interesting to nil of us , on account of the great names which Sir Bulwer has so pleasantly woven together .
" Tl its county is rich in Listorical and intellectual associations , which maj well increase our pride to b « Ion # to it ; nn < l , as the memories which we store by knowledge come across us all in those excursion a throughout tlie flhiro to which wo are called by business or pieasuro , so a thousand objects of interest htart up « t every different locality , serving still more to embellish the scenes of nature , and still more to augment thut generous patriotism -which attaches us to our native soil . For instance , suppose some tradesman or farmer driving to u distant town or market
a friend , or t perhaps his young wife by his side , as ho passes by the quiet village or Abbot ' s Langloy bo may pause and sny , ' There whs born , the son of a servant , that Nicholas Breakspoare , who , being refused priest ' orders from liis neglect of school education , ao set to work to improvo tho opportunities he liad lost , and by his learning he rose to bo Cardinal and Pope of Rome—the only Englishman who ever attained to that dignity , not now very popular in Knglnml . ' Here it ia not tho eminence- it » c ] f that wo co-vet , but it is tho energy and perseverance which
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recently been sent to Mr . Maurice , accompanied by the following address : — " To the Reverend F . J > . Maurice , M . A . " Eevbresd and dear Sir , —A few Dissenters ef various religious communities desire to take the opportunity afforded by recent proceedings at King ' s College , to offer an expression of thaAful and earnest regard for you _ as a Christian teacher . It is unnecessary for ua to say that in many points our convictions are different from your own ; but this does not diminish—it rather enhances the pleasure with which we acknowledge the benefit we have derived from your writings , and the admiration with which we have witnessed the earnestness , courage , and perseverance which you have shown in the exposition of important truths that have often been too much neglected both by Dissenters and by members of the establishment . We believe that you have
already done much , and will yet do much more to convince men of the divine significance that belongs to all the facts and relations of life , to awaken a new and living interest in the Bible and in Christianity , as our deliverance from tlie confusions and alarms that are ever connected with Sectarian discord and exclusiveness , and to exhibit the sacredness of those bonds by which all the members of the human family are united together in the duties and privileges of Christian brotherhood . We cannot , however , but express our deep regret that any obstacle should have been thrown in your way by individuals belonging to the Church , to which you have devoted the best energies of your life . Most earnestly hoping that you may long continue : to labour in the Church ot God for His glory , and the highest interests of humanity , we subscribe ourselves , reverend and dear sir , * ' With sincere Christian regard , " Yours most respectfully . " ( Here follow the signatures . )
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" The system of organised co-operation , rightly understood , that is , based upon Christian principles , and bringing different classes together on friendly and equitable terms , offers the only remedy hitherto suggested for thefie evils . It may or may not in the end become generally effectual , but it certainly deserves a trial , and is -unquestionably capable of alleviating these social diseases within certain , limits , and offering at least an example for those who do not formally adopt it . The association of workmen , with the assistance of capitalists on fair terms , in various species of manufacture , must tend to the settlement of the questions of the value of labour in those manufactures , and of the possible means of establishing equitable and Belf-adjusting relations between labour and capital . The training of men to carryon the operations of sale and distribution in an honest asd
simple manner , as a duly- remunerated pubbe service , and not as a gambling speculation , would be a moral improvement for themselves , as well as a . gain to the community at large . The organisation of agricultural villages , in such a way as to give scope for the constant employment and fair remuneration of agricultural laborer , is a difficult problem , but one of the solution of which we need not yet despair . And the general introduction of a system of insurance more extensive than that of common benefit societies , and administered through officers of good education , and specially devoted to the duty of supervision , would at once increase the independence and seif-respect of the labouring classes , and in a very great measure relieve the country of poor-¦
rates . - . " But ¦ what has all this to do with the ' Universal Purveyor ?' . ^ . " I answer that this ostablishnxoct is intended directly to answer only one of these purposes , the improvement of triesystem of commercial dealings , and . whatever is immediately connected with them . It is , however , the point at . whica the wealthier classes most readily commence an action up * n the poorer , in the direction of co-operative association . A very slight exertion in establishing such son institution as may easily be formed round tha present nucleus , would create a means for securing to tie poor as well as th « rich genuine articles of consumption , at moderate prices . It is not intended to aim at that excessive cheapness , which can
only be attained either by fraud , or t > Y takii > g advantage of the misfortunes of otlers . And wherever it is . possible-it will be the endeavour of the * managers to see that the producers are duly remunerated . T < he consumer * will thushWe what ought at least to be the great satisfaction ot feeling that he has paid the right persons the just price for what lie purchases . The greater the development of the institution the more perfectly will these objects be attained . "The institution , in a developed state , 'would have both certain surplus profits ( applicable to use&u social purposes ) , and the disposal of a large amour » t . of custom , which it might direct to the promotion of other plans ( whether of associa tion or arbitration ) for the just remuneration of labour , or
at least to such establishments , as were , known to give fair wages and all reasonable advantages to workmen . Ani it is more especially calculated to unite different classes , and to draw labourers and : handicraftsmen into co-operation vith men of higher education , and to open to them plans of association consistent with law , order , ttud . the maintenance of all private rights , as well as with the recognition of the social and economical value of superior minds , and of intellectual and \ . moral culture . Its application to such objects must depend' first , o > n its success , - and secondly , on the ability and public spirit of its managers . I can only answer for my own good will , and my confident belief that those Trith
whom I am acting are both capable and desirous of organising really useful and effective con ^ binatiohs . " Mr . St . Andre has fully satisfied me as to his ability- to 6 tiggest all the arrangements that will be needed for the effective working and continuance of associative plans , and Mr . Isli p , who has undertaken tie office of director , isoiiein whose character I have full confidence , and whose education and past life have been free from contact with the corrupt practices of commercial fraud , and gambling speculation which it is our object to discourage in genera . 1 , and to exclude from our own operations . " C . Marriott . *
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392 THE LEADER [ Saturday , _ - _ - __ ,.. __ ¦ ¦ " * ¦ i . " " """ ¦ * ' ¦~ i - ~¦ ' mi " ^ ¦ ¦ i' ^_ i
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Leader (1850-1860), April 29, 1854, page 392, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2036/page/8/
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