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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THE WAR
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SEBASTG-POX * . The -week has passed wMrcwtft a * s * ngle official ( English ') communication from the seat of war . The "Vienna telegraph , -with its usual fertility , has done its "best to supply the anxious requirements of the public for intelligence . Thefact of the opening of the 'bombardment on the 17 th has reached this country only from a Russian source , i . e ., via . St . Petersburg ; hut the statement , though having such an origin , may he accepted as true . In the beginning of the week we ¦ were obliged to be content with such items of sews as these : The Moniteur gives the following news as having been transmitted by the Minister of France at Vienna to the Minister of foreign Affairs :
" The English consular agent at Varna wrote on the 16 th to Mr . Colquhoun , at Bucharest , that he had just received a letter , dated the 13 th , from the Sebastopol heights , containing these words : ' We open the fire "with 200 guns ; the place cannot hold out longer than : five days . ' Mr . Colquhoun transmits this news to Lords "Westmoreland and Clarendon , but with every reserve . " Understanding Mr . Cokuahouh ' s informant to mean that the allied armies were on the point of opening their fire on the 13 th , Ms statement would agree with a telegraphic message > from St . Petersburg , stating that the bombardment had not commenced at that date .
The Vienna Lloyd has accounts from the Crimea , in which mention is made of a somewhat lively skirmish which came off on the road near Khaut , on the 6 th insfc . An English piequet of 120 fell in with - a party of Russian horse 200 strong . The English are said to have at first giren way , in order to allure the Russians to a more convenient spot , and then suddenly to have attacked the enemy , and , after a brief combat , pursued him to the trenches of Sebastopol . The Russians had ten men killed and several wounded ; the English lost but two . Letters from Odessa of the 1 . 8 th . state that the Grand Dukes [ Nicholas and Michael have passed through Nicolaicff , on their way to Kiehenev , in Bessarabia .
Seventeen battalions of the Turkish army are marching from Shumla on Varna and Pravadi . The following Russian official despatch , dated St . Petersburg , the 20 th , is published in the Kreuz Zeitung : — " Prince Menschikoff announces that on the 14 th of October all was going on well at Sebastopol . " The Austrian papers assert that Russian reinforcements had entered the Crimea . The next day we were favoured with very moderate accounts ;—
" Advices from the Crimea of the 13 th state that the trenches were opened on the night of the 9 th . The allies were 700 metres from Sebastopol . Earthworks were still being thrown iip . It , was thought that tlie firing would commence on the 15 th , The Russians fire without effect . They have attempted various sorties without result . " The English batteries were ready ; the French batteries were not completed . The allies lose from four to five men daily . On Wednesday , something more important was made public . As thus : —" Eupatoria was retaken by the Russians on the 9 th . "Various transports , ¦ with troops , have arrived , and left for the East . "
" Advices from ' St . PETimsnuna' of the 21 st state that intelligence had been received from Prince Monschikoff to the effect that the bombardmont of Sobastopol commenced on the 17 th , by land and sea . The bombardment lasted till nightfall . Five hundred Russians were put hors de combat . Admiral Kornilofi " - —ho commanded at Sinope—wns killed . On the 18 th the bombardment was renewed on the land Bide , but not from the soa , " This is the Russian account , for which wo are , of course , obliged , in the absence of any other information .
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The Frendh Charge * d'Affaires to His Excellency the Minister of JVjreign . Affairs : — - " Therapia , Oct . 18 . " Two ''vessels of war—one French , the other English —arrive ¥ rom Constantinople , coming from the "Crimea ; they bring news of the 15 th from Sebastopol . It appeared cer tain tliat the fire of all our batteries will be opened on the 17 th . The two fleets were to lend their aid to the land troops , and there was every reason for believing that the ships -would be usefully employed on an important point . It was not doubted that the place would be soon reduced by the power of our artillery . The general situation was very satisfactory , and the sanitary condition of the troops excellent . " Paris , Thursday Evening .
On tie departure of the steamboat on the 16 th from Constantinople , all the disposable troops of the garrison were about to embark for the Crimea . Several steamers had arrived from Balaklava with men who had been wounded in repelling a sortie made by 30 , 000 Russians from Sebastopol . With respect to Menschikoff's reinforcements , the Pays seems to expect that they will come up in time , and anticipates a pitched battle " independently of the siege operations . " After repeating news from Germany to the effect that Menschikoff certainly went northward , after the battle of the Alma , to put himself at the head of troops collected together some time since , at Perekop , and that he would advance to the aid of Sebastopol with an army amounting altogether to 76 , 000 men , the Pays says : ¦?— ¦
" For our own parts we are convinced that Prince Menschikoff will try this last effort , and to us it is evident that when , after the battle of the Alma , he kept the open , country instead of shutting himself up in Sebastopol , he had no other object and no other strategetical plan . Let him come on . . He will find at least an equal force , composed of the victors of Alma , ready and desirous to meet him . It is not too niuch to presume victory when we consider the excellent conditions under which we shall give battle . The very slowness , the prudential slowness , with wMch the siege operations are conducted , is a proof that Lord Raglan and General Canrobert have calculated all chances , and have no fear of an attack from Prince Menschikoff . "
The Journal de St . Petersbourg , of the 15 th , announces that by an ukase Prince Menschikoff is appointed Commander-in-Chief and Governor of all the Imperial forces in the Crimea . The same ukase appoints General Tcheodjeff , hitherto commanding the 6 th corps , to the command of all reserve infantry troops ; an ^ fiives the 6 th corps to General Prince Gortchalcoff III ,, a brother of the hero of the Danube . A letter from St . Petersburg thus describes the last ceremony in which the Czar figured in public : —
" The reserve of the Imperial Guard , composed of 30 , 000 men , has just been placed on a war footing . Th « Emperor has reviewed them , and has availed himself of the opportunity to bless , at the head of his troops , the two Grand Dukes Michael and Nicholas , Avho , it is said , are to join the active army . The benediction took place with much pomp . The two Grand Dukes went on their kcees to receive it , and all the troops also knelt . " A despatch of the 23 rd states that the Czar ' s eldest son , tho Grand Duke Alexander , liad left St .
Petersburg to join the guards on their march to Warsaw , their new head-quarters . The same city is also the head-quarters of the Grenadiers , under General Rudiger , and of the active ar my in Poland under Marshal Paskiewitch . A Vienna journal computes that on tho arrival of the Guards at their destination , the troops concentrated o n the Austrian frontier will amount to 160 , 000 men , viz ., 80 , 000 infantry of tho lino , 48 , 000 infantry of the Guards , 22 , 000 Grenadiers , and 16 , 000 cavalry , besides the usual proportion of artillery .
Tho ITrcnch public has been more fortunate than outb , for there lma been a publication of oflloial despatches . Thus : — Tho French minister of War has received from General Canrobort tho following dispatch : " Hcnd-qnartora , before Sevastopol , Oot 18 , 1854 . * ' Wo opened tho tranalion during tho night botweon tho flth nnd 10 th . Tho onomy , who did not noom to expect , us at that point , did not disturb the work , which wo natively puraued . I liopo wo ahull hnvo by the day after to-morrow ( the 15 th ) nevonty guns in battery . Since ten thin morning a hot . firo Lias boon directed upon us at intervals , but without any fiuuoeaa . Our Iohb in almotit nominal . Tho works of tho English army proceed on a parallel with our own . " Tho weather , for a nhort time vory bad and very cold , haa fortunately turned out Ono again . "
Tho Jnvalide Jiuttsc , which hitherto has not taken tho least notice of tho slight affair on tho Alma , or tho scizuro of JJalnklava , published on tho 14 th inst . an extraordinary supplement , for the purpose of announcing " News from tho Black Sea . " We subjoin tho Invalide ' a news , which appears to refer to one of the flying visits mado by our steamers to various points of tho Russian coasts , for the purpose of distracting the enomy during tho more sorious oporatioiiB boforo Sebastopol- In tho construction of hia story the writer appears to have strictly followed traditional models—tho fighting priest , tho efficacious cross ,, and the " one man wounded , " being vory familiar expedients in this class of Russian literature :
" On tho 22 nd of September ( Oct . 4 ) , at hjx o ' clock in tho morning , four steamers of tho enemy , two ¦ of which wore under tho Knglinh flag , and two wore French , approached the Nicholas battery , provimonally orootcd on Capo Otclifikoir , in order to defend tho entrant to tlio estuary of tho Dnieper . Tho Liontonant-Culouol of llorao Artillery Golovutohoir , who oommandH tho detnohmont ountoned noar Otolmkoff , immoiliatoly took moamuen for repelling tho onomy , whom bo received with roil-hot balls lirod from tho batloxy . A flotilla of ( Ivo giin-bonts , then « t Otchukoli ; under tho command of Commander Endogouroff , oponod its flro at tho aamo time . Tho steamers of tho onomy ,
armed vritti * , ; gretft number of heavy guns , rained , for three hours and a half , balls , bombs , and rockets on oar battery , Tsat without much injuring it . They themselves , sfteirbeinuidamaged , found themselves compelled to retire , < rae after the other , from out of the range of our guns . At ten in the morning all was over ; the inhabitants of the shore saw distinctly the steamers of the enemy make for the island of Berezane , and there bury th « rr dead . On our side , one soldie r alone was wounded , and four receivefl contusions . * ' In Ms report , ILieutenaTit-Colonel Golovatcheff comthe detachment of
manding Otchakoff , testifies to the unshakable firmness of the company of the sixth reserve battalion of the regiment of Litomir Chasseurs , which manned the battery under the command of the second captain Tereshoff ; he in particular highly praises the coolness and courage of Ensign Kryloff , of the field ar tillery , who directed the "battery , as likewise the selfdenial of B . P . Gabriel Soutkovski , priest of the Otchakoff church , who repaired spontaneously with the cross in his hand to the battery , and where he blessed its defenders under the enemy ' s fire , and whom he even helped to load their pieces . "
Departure of Reinforcements for the Gttabds in the Crimea . —On Thursday , in obedience to orders issued "by the Commander-in-Chief , the detachments of the three regiments of Foot Guards under orders for embarkation to join the service companies of their respective battalions in the Crimea , -were paraded in their respective barrack-squares , viz ., 80 for the third battalion of Grenadier Guards , 50 for the first battalion of Coldstream Guards , and 100 for the first battalion , of Scots Fusilier Guards ; making a total reinforcement of
230 . ^ The detachments having been inspected , the respective commanding officers addressed the men ; and precisely at eight o'clock the Grenadiers marched from the Wellington Barracks to the terminus of the Southwestern Railway . The Coldstream Guards and Scots Fusiliers , who met in Trafalgar-square , marched along the Strand to the railway terminus . The embarkation was to take place on Thursday afternoon at Portsmouth , on board the General Screw Company ' s steam-ship Queen of the South , which vessel -will immediately proceed direct for Balaklava , Crimea .
Madame St . Arnaud . —The Emperor of the French has written a letter of condolence to Madame St . Arnaud , which has been published in the Moniteur . In its non-official part the Moniteur announces that the Council of State was occupied , by order of the Emperor , with a bill to grant a pension of 20 , 000 francs to the Mare ' chale St . Arnaud as a national recompense . The Council of State was also to raise the pension of the wife of the late Marshal Bugeaud to the same amount .
THE N"URSES FOR THE WOUNDED . The first detachment of nurses for the -wounded in the Crimea , numbering thirty-seven , under the superintendence of Miss Nightingale , left London on Sunday night , accompanied by Mr . and Mrs . Brambrige , and a clergyman . They arrived at Boulogneon Monday . The authorities there had received orders to give them every facility for proceeding . They received a very warm reception ; the porters and hotel-keepers refused to receive remuneration for services and accommodation . One of the journals states that
" Miss Nightingale is a lady of family and fortune . She is the daughter of Mr . Nightingale , of Emly-paTk , near Southampton , a gentleman of great accomplishments and high connexions . She has devoted herself to the education of the more humble of her sex , and is described as a lady of the most remarkable accomplishments , and of a loftiness of purpose little understood in . general circles of society . " A number of Miss Sellon ' s sisterhood , and several of tho members of the diiFcrent societies of Sisters of Mercy in Faigland and Ireland , have also taken their departure on the same philanthropic errand . Aa yet the principal event of the siege has been a sortie of tho Russians on the 12 th , which has been , sufficiently magnified . It is thus described by the correspondent of the Times : —
Contrary to their usual custom , the Russian batteries wore again silent last night . This silenco was so ominous tlint wo fully expected a sortie from tho fort , and it wns also rumoured that the Russians said to bo in our roar would attack Balaklava , while tho Greeks wore to nid thorn by sotting fire to tho town . The information on this point wns so positive that tho authorities resorted to tho extreme measure of ordering tho Greeks —men , women , nnd children—to leave the town , and tho pjrdor was rigidly carried into effect oro evening . Captain Gordon , R . E ., commenced tho formation of our riaht attack soon after dark . 400 men wore
furnished from tho 2 nd nnd light divisions on tho worku , and strong covering parties wero sent out in front nn < l in rour to protect them . The working party wuh divided into four companies of 100 men ouch , nnd thoy worked on dining tho night with such good-will that oro morning No . i party had completed 1 ( 50 yarda ; Wo . 2 , 78 yards [ No . H , 95 ynrdtj 3 Wo . 4 , flO yards—in all , 8 ( 53 yards of trench ready for conversion into Imtterios . Thofio tronohoH nro covered vory perfectly . It w ' intended Unit a party of similar strength uliould l > u employed on tho left nnd contro , but owing U > ono of tlioso accidents which unavoidably occur in night-work , tho
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1010 THE LEADER ,. [ Saturday ,
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 28, 1854, page 1010, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2062/page/2/
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