On this page
-
Text (4)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
inspired confidence , and thu ^ by ' » £ ? £ & \ ° ej £ tune , frijol * y ^ concealed under how ^ th ^ midst of SSS 5 £ SSS £ Sf uSapproach of Spending ? > S , ^ JfSTJaS « S author of a song SSosiXdSue ^ Po ^ adour , who procured him flT SrS ? 3 SSffSSJ St o he grew more jocose . While EraweVas indignant at the conduct of her naral commanders , the Minister made his country's SZ £ inexhaustible subject of his jests and
** Ssm "Do you know * lie exclaimed , " what Tnaval battle really is ? I will . tell you . Two squadrons set sail from two opposite ports ; they manoeuvre , they engage , they fire a few cannon balls , they knock down a few masts and a few men , and tatter a few of the sails ; a great deal of powder and shot ia expended . At length both fleets sheer off , each pretending that it remained master of the field of battle ; each claims the victory , and a 1 e Deumis sung on "both sides , while the sea remains just as salt as before . " „ ., ___„ _ . x . _ - _ x * .. to all idea of reform that
_ " Averse , " adds Segur , " might excite complaints or intrigues , and to every plan of campaign in which great success is only to be purchased at the expense of great risk , he wished to play the terrible game of war without venturing large stakes ; to parade , in short , but not to fight . He jested in treating even the most serious matters , and the sceptre , confided to his hands , seemed to be megMy a toy to amuse his old childhood . " History repStts itself . From the Strand to St . Stephen's—from playwrights to Premiers—we cannot , it seems , be original even in our farces . The famous performances of Premier-buffoon turn out after all to be only
adaptations . May the parody turn out less tragic than the on ginal play ! W . J -
Untitled Article
THE SUNDAY OF THE SHOPMAN . ( To the Editor of the Leader , ) Sib , —Betwixt Exeter Hall and the Hyde Part mob it seems as though the parties most really interested were completely forgotten . The poor shopkeeper , if he have a soul to be saved , has a body also to toe enjoyed , as -well as the " poorest" of the mob . The saints would shut him up in "little Bethel , " and the mob will cope him up to the counter—tender mercies both . If it is desirable to have a day of rest , a Holy-day , or a day of relaxation and pleasure , the shopkeeper can indeed lay good claim to it . With longer hours during the day ( and no meal time ) , at more
exhausting-employment both of body and mind than that of the majority of the so-called working-class , he at least ought not to be debarred from that privilege or protection of law which has been so advantageously employed for the factory workers ; and if a day is to be set aside , it ought to be a day of complete rest ; and , to be uniformly kept , it must be enforced . If it be objected that it is not convenient to the poor , what then?—are they to be exceptions to a general good ? Bankers close at four o ' clock , and wholesale houses in good time . Business fits itself accordingly , —not the less is done , —and though a few have to contrive their arrangements at some inconvenience , surely tij ^ jonveniences of the trading classes ought to be of Wme trifling weight .
In Leeds there is no Sunday trading , and the shopkeepers close at half-past ten on Saturday nightsthe police say it works well , and the people aro certainly no worse—and how is it , that in London , the " centre of civilisation , " the same arrangements can . not be done ? The objections are specious—certainly not real . By one of those singular perversions of both feeling and logic papers are prone to publish , and the mob to yield to , it follows thus : —the mob hate the aristocracy for their enjoyments , therefore down with the shopkeeper , let him be deprived of any chance of either enjoyment or repose—a precious logic of facts this in the nineteenth century .
On behalf of my class I feel deeply indignant at the injustice they receive at the hands of tho people . Yours most respectfully , John Holmes , ( shopkeeper .
Untitled Article
NAVAL CADETS . ( To the Editor of the Leader . " ) Sib , — -IioTd Hardwicko ' s speech on the deficiencies of naval education , though calculated to call public attention to a matter of much importance , can hardly be said to grapple with the real difficulties ofi the subject . It is true that tho education of a youth on board ship is usually very imperfect . But £ am inclined to think that Lord Hnrdwicke exaggerates these imperfections , and does not trace them to theiri true origin . He considers that the instructions of ) the saheotaMflter are perpetually interrupted by the ; dtitie * of the ship , that the mind of the pupil iai diatwwrtediftoBQ his studies by- tho variety of the
The real difficulty , , one **»** J ° fJ Hardwicke did not mention , the want of any fixed standard of proficiency that shall entitle a cadet to pass for midshipman : It is left to the option of every captain and naval instructor to regulate . the studies of the youths under their care . Each man may vary their education , according as he teels disposed . In this matter , quot homines tot sentenluB . Every naval instructor has his own system , and unless the captain has also a theory about education the schoolmaster is left to experimentalise upon the youngsters , and test practically the fitness of his hobby-Then there are captain think naval cadets
'W « ' howeveris scenes he witnesses , and the exciting nature of'the servicea-on which he is employed . B is just P ° S 81 D { * 3 j&sr £ . & . 3 a » KB gj ^ ^ ^ s ^^ - r ^ gssj the variety of the duties , it is certain that the diversions thuT occasioned rather predispose a youth to study than otherwise . T .
who despise mathematics , and should be instructed only in the duties of their profession . Others take the opposite view . Some naval instructors shudder at the name of trigonometry , and prefer Euclid to the Bible itself . In fact , there are as many parties in education as in the English Church . If a cadet has received eighteen months' instruction under one system , and is then transferred to a ship where a totally different plan prevails , it follows that he will be turned back in his examination , and lose time , rank , and money , merely through the want of any fixed rule of education , lo pass for midshipman , a youngster has to undergo an examination before the commander and . naval
instructor of the ship in which he is serving . What this examination is to be is not very clearly defined . My passing certificate speaks vaguely of " a due knowledge of arithmetic , geometry , and trigonometry , and a practical acquaintance with the use of the quadrant , and the manner of making observations for ascertaining the latitude and longitude therewith . " It says , moreover , that I could " keep a ship's reckoning by the common rales usually called a day's work , and had a due knowledge of steering and managing a boat under sails and oars ,
and of knotting , splicing , &c . &c . " But by many naval instructors , these things are not expected , and not taught . I lost a month ' s time by being schooled by a man who taught little , and examined by a man who expected much . Certificates in the navy mean nothing , so that no naval instructor has a scruple of conscience in granting a certificate for such knowledge as that set forth above to a youngster whose acquaintance with arithmetic does not extend beyond the , four first rules , and who is proportionately ignorant of the other branches of navigation .
I believe that the difficulties mentioned by Lord Hardwicke w-oxild be overcome if a rule of education was devised and strictly adhered to . As for youngsters not having time to learn on board ship , that is perfectly absurd , a few hours' application every day would soon give them a start . By diminishing the hours on which they waste their time on deck , keeping watch—that is to say , walking about doing nothing—you could add a daily period of time to their schooling . This is habitually done by some
captains in the navy , though only few have the courage to break through the established routine even in so small a matter . Captains who are courageous enough to do so have found their efforts generally crowned with success , and youths who have been made to learn against their will find such advantages accrue from it in after-life , that they are actually led to look upon the navy as a good profession , Your obedient servant , Mid .
Untitled Article
State op the Thames . — Under this heading , a remarkable letter from Professor Faraday appears in tho Times of Monday . Tho Professor -writes : — " 1 traversed this day by steamboat the apace between London and Hungorford bridges between half-past one and two o ' clock j it was low water , and I think the tide must have been near the turn . Tho appearance and tho smell' of tho water forced themselves at once on my attention . Tho whole of tho river was an opaque pale
brown fluid . In order to test the degree of opacity , I tore up some white cards in to pieces , moiutcned them so as to malto them sink easily below the surface , and then dropped some of those piecea into the water at every pier the boat name to . Before they had Bunk an inch below the surface , they were indistinguishable , though tho sun shone brightly at the time ; and when tho pieces fell edgowaye , the lower part was hidden from sight before the uppor part was under water . Near tho bridges , tho feculence rolled up in olouda so donso thnt they wore visible at tho surface , even in water of this kind . "
Discovery or a Komajt CAmp in NFoivrmiMnnRi-iAHD . —A Roman castm / m , or military station , liaa boon 'excavated at High Rochester * ift Northumlrtrfandj Tho -wall * oonalat of Very maaeive masonry , tweltvftttttand a
half thick , and solid with the exception of about two feet in the centre , which is filled m with clay . A cell built in the thickness of this wall was likewise discovered , with three layers of ashes on tie floor , indicating that the camp bad been partially destroyed by fire . A Roman inscription , having-reference to the erection of the camp , appeared on one of tho slabs . Some excavations on the same spot , about three years ago , laid bare remains of the streets and houses of the ancient Roman town of Bremenium . •• ¦ ¦¦ . Health of London . — The deaths registered hi London , * which in May rose to nearly 1200 in a-week , and in June to nearly 1100 , fell to 926 m the week that ended lost Saturday . The average number in the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1845-54 , when
corrected for increase of population , is 1058 . The present return is therefore of a favourable character . Diarrhoea was , however , fatal in 28 instances , cholera in 6 ; and one of the cases of cholera was of a severe type , . is in eleven hours it killed a labourer in the Battersea Workhouse on Friday , 6 th of July . One warning of diarrhoea preceded the cholera . —The health of London during the three months of April , May , and June has been better than it was in the corresponding seasons of the two previous years ; but the mortality is still higher than it was some years ago , and the deaths in thirteen weeks were 14 , 997 , or more by some thousands probably than would have happened had the sanitary arrangements of London been in a satisfactory state , — From the
Megtstrar-General ' s Return . The Turkish Loan ( says Gatignam ) is to be under the conjoint guarantees of F rance and England , lo that end , a convention was signed on the 27 th ult . between the Emperor of the French and the Queen of England on the one hand , and the Sultan on the other , fixing the conditions on which the loan is to be contracted . The interest is fixed at four per cent ., with a sinking fund of one per cent , additional . The amount of the loan is to be appropriated exclusively to the necessities of the war ; and a mixed commission , composed of French , English , and Turks , is to watch ovoithe manner in which it is to be employed , so as to prevent any portion of it from being diverted from its legitimate destination . Lastly , in order to prevent any confusion in the Paris money market , from a French and a Turkish loan being brought forward about the same time , the Turkish one is to be raised solely in
England . Torture rN thk East Indies . —Further papers relating to torture in India refer to a minute of the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal dated April 9 , 1856 , showing the measures pursued for ascertaining the correctness of the statement made by Mr . Theobald regarding the alleged case of torture in Behar , " the result of which , " observes the secretary to the G overnment of Bengal , " leaves no reason for doubting that the particulars , as stated by Mr . Theobald in his letter of the 18 th of October last , are wholly incorrect . " In other words , there is no reason to believe that torture is emploj'ed in India under any circumstances .
The Old Italian Opera-House has , we understand , been taken by the Bank of England for a Woetend branch . If this be true , there is an end to all doubts about the existence of two Italian Opera-houses . For mere association sake , the regrets of all opera-goers will attend upon this change . The south-end of the Haymarket has been the site of an Italian Opera-house for , if we mistake not , a century and a half ; but now Apollo from his shrine
Can no more divine . Thk Houndsoitch Clothes Mart . — On Tuesday morning , a deputation of tradesmen connected with tlio Houndsditch Clothes Mart , including Mr . Levy , its proprietor , had an interview , by appointment , with Lord Robert Groavenor , to call his attention to the injurious misrepresentations to which they had been exposed , ^ in connexion with his recently abandoned Sunday Trading Bill , and to deny that tho dealers in that locality are thieves .
The Bisnor or London has interdicted a concert of sacred music , which it was proposed to give in a church in Queenhithe . The public wore to bo admitted on payment of one shilling and two shillings , and the funds thua raised wero to bo devoted to school charities and repairs of tho organ . Could tho wildest infidelity conceive a greater insult to a place of worship than to turn it into a concert-room , with money taken at the doors ?
This Lbtticks of tub " Tijwew" Crimean Corhi :-oroNDKNT . —It ia with very great satisfaction that we hear of tho approaching publication , by Messrs . Houtledgo and Co ., of tho entire aericH of Mr . William Howard Runnell ' s letters from tho Crimea , which for upwards of a year have been one of tho main attractions of the Times newspaper . The norien will extend from the departure of the army from Southampton to tho death of Lord Rnglan—events which mark a clearly defined epoch of the war ; and it is impossible to conceive a more vivid , picturesque , or vital liiHtory of that Htrugglo * which every KngliHhmnn in bo deeply , though puinfully intorobted . Tlio volume , wo understand , ia to bo published at a moderate price .
Thk Austria-it Proposition . —Tho diplomatic pnpors connected with the Axistrian proposition woro published yesterday * A statement of their chief oontottti will be found iittcwwrWeofaly Summary of News .
Untitled Article
HI LBAB Hi B . [ No . 2 W , Saturday ,
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), July 14, 1855, page 674, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2099/page/14/
-