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1122 _ _ , THE LEADER . [ No . 296 , Saturday ,
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those turning points upon which the ultimate result of the war depended ; The surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga , in 1777 , really terminated the American war ; audit always happened that some such event decided a great struggle of the most momentous kind , although peace was . sot the immediate consequence . Although . Gortschakoff might still hold out , yet from the fall of Sebastopol the security of England in the East had been gained . . . . . Lord Palmerston had a noble , independent , thoroughly British heart , and , with the people of England backing him up , would canyon the war with the vigour and determination , which the eouutry required . While talking of the war , he might say they heard much just now of coalitions . They heard them constantly asserted and constantly denied . He did not believe a word about it . The only coalition that would be allowed would be one of patriot hearts to uphold the Government , and he did not believe that any men , however distinguished , or however qualified for office , would combine to resist the determination of the present Government to carry on the war with energy and vigour . ( Cheers . ) Those brave men who , aa they knew , were carrying on the war 3 , 000 miles from their native country , what were they fighting for ? He remembered saying , some time ago , that they were not fighting for the Turks , and the remark was received with a hiss . God forbid that we should fight to uphold Mahommedanism ; we were not contending for that decayed Power , but to put a barrier against the aggressions of Russia , and at the same time defending ourselves against the consequences which would result if Russia were allowed to carry out her designs . They were also fighting to revenge the crimes and hypocrisy of the last fifty years . "
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LASCARS IN LONDON . Captain Htjtton , the master of the ship Earl of Eglington , who has been repeatedly before the magis trates of the Thames police court respecting a crew of Lascars , twenty-one in number , who were brought to this country in the ship , Janet Mitchell , once more applied to Mr . Yardley , on Saturday , when the magistrate made some very strong comments on | the " scandalous transaction , " and the treatment they had met with from the owner of the two ships and the captain himself . For a better understanding of the case , a short narative is required . The Lascars started from Calcutta on a voyage to Melbourne , the Mauritius , and Bristol , in the ship Janet Mitchell . The captain of that ship was drowned on the voyage , and the chief mate succeeded to the command . On the arrival of the ship in Bristol , the Lascars were discharged , but their wages were not paid . They summoned the owner before the magistrates of Bristol , who ordered the wages to be paid . The order was not obeyed , and ths men were brought to London and transferred to the Earl of Eglington , belonging to the same owner . About six or seven weeks ago , they appeared before Mr . Yardley , with Captain Hutton , and complained that their wages were not paid . Captain Hutton said it was intended by the owner to pay the Lascars whea they got back to India . Mr . Yardley said they were entitled to their wages for their services in the Janet Mitchell here , and if they were not paid before the Earl of Eglington sailed they would have no security whatever for the payment of their wages in India . Captain Hutton said he would see the owner and endeavour to obtain the wages . Indeed he assured the magistrate they should be paid . Since then , the men have made several complaints , not only that their wages were not paid , but that sufficient provisions were not served out to them . Messengers have been repeatedly despatched to the ship , and the magistrate has expressed a strong opinion that the Lascars had not been fairly treated . Lieut .-Colonel Marsh Hughes , of the East India Company ' s service , and Hon . Secretary of the Strangers' Home about to be erected in Limehouse , and Mr . William Glazier , a skilful interpreter , employed by the colonel , have endeavoured to obtain justice for the unfortunate strangers , who have been squatting about the court , with insufficient clothing , and complaining of cold day after day . A few days ago , Captain Hutton came to the court and informed Mr Ingham that he intended to take the Lascars to India as passengers , and they said they would not go without their wages . Mr . Ingham said he could not interfere , and expressed his surprise that the wages had not been paid . At last , the serang , or chief , and two other Lascars , obtained summonses against Captain Hutton for refusing to deliver their clothes and effects , which he detained on board . The case was heard before Mr . Ingham on Thursday week , when Captain Hutton said that he was advised he could force the Lascars to proceed with him to India as passengers , and that he intended to obtain a certificate from the East India Company to enable him to do so . Mr . Ingham said , if Captain Hutton took them back at all , it must be as seamen on wages ; but Captain Hutton said he had shipped an Europewx crow , and did not want the services of the Lascars . On Saturday , Captain Hutton again appeared , and , presenting a certificate from the East India House , to the effect that the Bhip was a proper one to take the Lascars out in , endeavoured , apparently , to get permission by a side wind to convey them as passengersof course , without wages . Mr . Yardley , however , threw the certificate indignantly back , and told Captain Hutton that his conduct and that 01 tne owner woe disgraceful , and a scandal to the merchant service . The Captain endeavoured to make some observations ; but Mr . Yardley ordered him to leave the court , observing that he wished his arm were long enough to reach the owner , who was in Scotland , ana could therefore sot the poor Lascars at defiance . It appeared that that was not the first time the owner , who lives at Glasgow , had been complained of at tne Thames police-court . Subsequently , a statement was made that the Lascars could not got their olotnes from the ship ; but it was afterwards mentioned in court that the clothes had been flung on to the doolc quay , and that the ship hod sailed . Lieutenant-Colonel Hughes , on behalf of the Strungors Homo Society , promised to look after tne interests of the Lascars , and Mr . Yardloy gave som money to bo distributed among them . On a subsequent day , Colonel Hughes stated that tho Lascars would bo provided for at the lopior Union workhouse , until tho Eaat India Company should send them back to their own country , xue oompany is bound by tho Merchant Shipping Act to repay the parish ; but it can recover all expenses trom tho owner of the ship which the Lascars had navigated .
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THE BOILER EXPLOSION IN RATCLIFFE HIGHWAY . The inquest on the bodies of the five men . who were killed last week . by the boiler explosion in Ratclifie Highway , has terminated in a verdict simply stating that " the deceased came by their death in consequence of being scalded by the accidental explosion of a steam-boiler . " Different causes were assign ed by different engineers . Mr . Fraser handed in the following statement : — " Having made a careful examination of the high-pressure steam-boiler which recently exploded on the premises of Messrs . Hall and Boyd , sugar-refiners of Ratcliffe-highway , and also of another boiler of the same size and constructioi ^ rem aining perfect belonging to the same firm , I , r-m , I think , in a position to form a correct idea ' of the cause of the accident . The boiler in mioatinn " — " " * ' "'' " - - - < "vioke burner « ,,. _ -, 10 OU lUt ) UUUUItJ lUniHVt > , 'l » •» - - principle , having two fire-boxes about two feet six inches in diameter , each joining into one main flue four feet six inches in diameter , and seven-sixteenths of an inch think . I am of opinion that the explosion was caused by the junction of the fire-box with tho main , flue being made in a form not calculated to bear the pressure placed upon it . It should be the rule that the smallest departure from a perfect circle in the form ofa the curve for high-pressure boiler should at all times be avoided aa , in csse of the slightest flatness of ovaj , tho extent of the pressure inside the boiler , oombined with the heat of the furnace , always tends to danger and renders a collapse under a high pressure almost inevitable , " Mr . Penn and Mr . Field corroborated this ojpmion ; but Mr . W . Woodcock , of 12 , Bielippgate-strqet within , made a different suggestion . He produced , ft plan , to enable him to explain what he believed to be the use of the rupture . In the first plaoe , he wished to point out that tho plan so generally adopted of firing within the tubes was subject to peculiar danger . The interior of the inner tube then constituted the flue , and there was great danger whenever a fire was placed within the inner tube of the boiler , arising from the oiroumstanoe that ,, although there might be abundanoo of water in the boiler , the generation of the steam was so rapid from the upper part of the fire box , where there waa the greatest heat , that the water would bo pressed upward a , or prevented reaching tho outside plate at ihat part of the boiler . It would be prevented by the pressure of tho steam from reaching that part of the tubo immediately over tho fire-box of tho Tboiler ; consequently the plates , with tho full action of th o fire and the pressure downwards , which , if carried a little further , must inevitably have led to the collapse of tho boiler . He found this to be the caso in the present instance , with the exception that tho softening and the bearing down of the plate had taken place in the flattened portion at the end of the tube , and as that , in this oose , was the point of the intermixture of the product of both furnaces , and consequently subject to the greatest heat , they might anticipate buco , being the case , independently of the less degree of strength contained in the flattened surface , which Use degree of BtrengtU would be the natural result of » flat instead of circular surface , to the platqa of the boiler . On the port of the proprietors of tho works , . It i ^ promised ! t > hat > the use of the other boilers oon-BtauotedQtt the * wae , prLnoiple should be discontinued .
THE HYDE PARK POLICE COMMISSION . The Commissioners appointed to inquire into the alleged misconduct of the police in -Hyde-park on the 1 st of July , have at length given in their report . This document , which is addressed to the Queen , is of great length , and contains a summary of all the ^ evidence given before the Commission . Of the conduct of Superintendent Hughes , the report says : — " On a review of all the facts in evidence , we think that the Superintendent Hughes , in endeavouring to discharge a difficult and embarrassing duly , gavetoo much sanetion to the use of the staves , and exercised less control over his men than a due regard for the safety of uuoffending individuals required . We believe that by a more calm and forbearing course on his part much angry excitement at the time , and complaint afterwards , would have been avoided . Upon such an occasion of expected tumult , it appears to us that the presence of a superior officer on the scene of action would have been desirable , and preferable to any attempt to direct the proceedings from a distance . " The police in Park-street , as well as those in the park itself , are said to have exhibited discreditable violence ; but Superintendant O'Brien , who headed the police in the former locality , having been injured early in the collesion , is exonerated froia any censure . With respect to bail not having been accepted at the police stations , the Commissoners do not think that Sir Richard Mayne was called on to act as a justice of the peace ; but the report speaks in terms of condemnation of " the defective nature of the arrangements under which all persons taken into custody in Hydepark and Park street were sent to Vine-street policestation , without regard to their numbsrs and without suitable provision being afterwards made for their accommodation . The measures too tardily adopted for their relief by Sir Richard Mayne and the inspector in charge were insufficient . It appeal's to us highly fit that steps should be taken to prevent a recurrence of similar evils . " The report concludes as follows : — " After full inquiry into the complaints submitted to our consideration , we have deemed it our duty to report misconduct on the part of various members- of the police—a result the more to be regretted on account of the high character of that body ; but if excesses were shown to have been committed by some , ample testimony was also borne to the moderation and forbearance of other members of the same body on the same occasion ; and , whatever blame may attach to individuals , it was through the exertions of the police that accidents were prevented in the park , aud property in that vicinity protected from damage . When the events of the day are properly apprecia t ed , we think tney will not be fuuuu io afford any just ground for lesening the confidence of the public—a confidence founded on the experience of twenty six years — in the general good conduct and efficiency of the Metropolitan Police . " A letter from the Under-Secretary of the Home Department to Sir Richard Mayne , accompanies the report , and contains the opinions thereon ' of Sir George Grey . With regard to the conduct of Superintendent Hughes , the Under-Secretary writes : — "After taking into account all the circumstances detailed by the Commissioners , and after considering the long service of Superintendent Hughes in the force , and the general approval with which ho had during such service discharged duties requiring great judgment and discretion , Sir George Grey iB of opinion that , while it is necessary to mark with censure tho conduct which the Commissioners have thought justly liable to blame , hiB dismissal from his office would be harsh and uncalled for . You will convey to him the disapproval of the Secretary of State of his want of forbearance and judgment on this occasion , and enjoin upon him in tho strongest terms tho necessity of maintaining perfect eolf-control in the performance of his highly responsible duties , and of checking , both by his example and his orders , any unnecessary violence on the part of those under his command . Sir George Groy agrees with tho suggestion that on such ocoasions a superior officer of police ought to be on the spot , as in the recent disturbances in Hyde-park . The Homo Secretary considers that the < policemen specially accused of misconduct should be i punished by tho Police Commissioners by suspension or dismissal , oxoept in the cases of William Gearing , William Bewlay , and Charles Madgott , whoso alleged aota of violenoo are hold to have boon so gross aud un- : provoked that Sir George Groy thinks it proper that an indictment should be preferred against each of them . Sir Goorgo coincides with the report in bolieving that proper arrangements wero not made in i the police cells ; but ho is glad to know that steps < havo since boon takon by Sir Richard Mayne for pre- i venting the reourronoo of such errors . With refer- 1 ence to the complaint that there is a difficulty in ' reading the polioomen ' s numbers , owing to tho sorollwork or border surrounding them , the Home Secretary desires that Sir Rioh « rd Mnyno will consider > whether any alt oration can bo mado , by which this 1 incoavonionoe may bo remedied . , <
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Tarn Rural Poi . iom Systbm . —The adoption of tho rural police system in the West Riding of Yorkshire , lino been again refused , at a meeting of tho magistrates * t Wakefleld .
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 24, 1855, page 1122, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2116/page/6/
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