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Leader (1850-1860), 5th January 1856, Edition 1 of 2, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      often very amusing . The walls are covered with , them ; a pastepot , a pair of sciaaora , som 3 old papers , and a ' little faucy—these are mxteriaU of which a inan cia make wonderful U 3 e La enlivening and decorating the woocleu walls of his temporary residence . —Times Correspondent . MURDER IX THE CAMP . An outrage has been committed at Kamiesch of a very barbarous character , and I am sorry to say the perpafcrator was a soldier and an Englishman . It appears that a man employed iu a canteen in the town gave some cause of offencs to the sergeant of the detachment of the 11 th Hussars quartered at Kazatch for

      orderly duty between head-quarfcers and the admiral . The sergeant , having armed himself with a pistol , went to the canteen and accused the man of being a deserter from the Royal Albert , calling on him at the same time to surrender and follow him . The man denied that he was a deserter , and refused to go , whereupon the sergeant fired at him across the counter , ami gave him a mortal wound , of which he died in a very short time in great agony . The sergeant was at once seized by persons in the canteen , and is now under close arrest . However , considering the vast number of all sorts and conditions of men out here , it is only astonishing that acts of violence have been so few and far betweem . There are not less than

      25 , 00 . 0 camp followers , including those of the French , Sardinians , and English , belouging to the allied army , or hanging on their skirts ; and some persons are inclined to believe that this estimate is very much under the mark . —Idem . . GENERAL VIVIAN " CONCILIATING" THE TURKS . I have to narrate an . act of General Vivian ' s , which involves , in the opinion of three-fourths of the European officers here , a very great injustice . On the arrival of the Contingen . t at Kertch , Captain Guernsey —the officer in question—who had acted for some months as deputy-assistant quartermaster-general to the force at Constanthiople , was appointed

      provostmarshal . In this ' . post—which was no sinecure—he remained up till the ' 2 nd of November , when , having received notice of an intended plundering . at tack upon a Tartar house in the town by sojue Turkish soldiers , he repaired to the spot just in time to catch the scoundrels iu the act . They were , of course , taken off under arrest , and were being or about to be flogged , when a mob of their fellows , headed by a colassi ( native captain ) , rushed upon Capt . Guernsey and his guard with swords , sticks , stones , &c . The colassi , sword in hand , siugled out the provost-marshal , whose only visible Weapon was a heavy riding whip , and was in the act of snaking a slicing blow at'him

      ¦ when the latter suddenly drew a revolver from his 3 ) ockct and threatened to fire if the rascal advanced further . The Turk ' a ' blood , however , was " up , " and , roaring " Qiaonr !"' he closed iu . Captain Guernsey iired and missed , but , at the second discharge of his weapon , seut a bullet through tlio fellow ' s shoulder , and another through tlio neck of a second radian who tried a simultaneous attack iu flank . This prompt display of lirumess had the happiest effect , though it only saved the provost-marshal himself . At some distance from the scono of this personal struggle , the provost-sergeant , an Englishman , had been attacked at the same time as h 5 s chief , an < l after a hard

      backand received for answer a couple of musket shots : a volley was then poured in , in the direction of this fire , and on running up to the spot , the men found a Turkish lieutenant lying dead beside an open grave , having in his hand the ringed finger of a female corpse that he had just mutilated ; near him lay one of the scoundrels who had been aiding in this sacrilege of the dead , but whom a bullet through the leg had kept from : making good his retreat in company with those who had escaped . Well , General Vivian quietly let the matter drop , and , " not to exasperate the Turks , " withdrew the guard of Highlanders , aud left the graves to their fate . Since then the rifliug of the i dead has baen resumed . —Daily News Correspondent { Kcvtch ) . ¦ [ ? ¦ \ t J 3 I I

      THE FAMINE AT KARS . The subjoined frightful particulars of the famine which preceded the capitulation of Kars are from a correspondent of the Times at Erzerouin : —¦ ' ' The condition of the Rediffa aud Baslii-Bazouks before leaving Kars was as wretched as it could be ; so much so ( I quote word for word from an eyewitness ) that ib was positively painful to stir out of doors . They were lying about in all direstions , groaning piteously— -watching the Russian provision-waggons , which , as if to add to their misery , passed almo . st all day withiu their ken . Townspeople and soldiers alike suffered all the horrors of famine . The former i s ; ; - i . g 3 , ni e < r

      crowded round General Williams as he rode out of his quarters , and prayed him , with all the eloquence of despair , to seek soine means of putting an end to their misery . Women forced their way into his very rooms , and , throwing their starving children at hi . s feet , implored him rather to kill them at once than let them perish thus piecemeal for want of sustenee . " The hospitals were crowded with sick ; on the Thursday before the surrender eighty men died in one day . Many went mad or became idiots from sheer hunger aud hard work . Those who jireserved a remnant of health , half-starved as they were , and scarcely clothed , were obliged to mount sentry almost everv night up to the ankles in snow . Since the ) f : e ° ^ n . e n n d st , e

      battle of the 29 th of September , there had been no animal food to issue to the troops . Horses had indeed been killed in the General's stables secretly by liLfut , but the meat was seat to the hospitals for the sick . A pittance of bread or flour made into weak broth w ; ' , s all that tlie working soldiers had to subsist ' upon . Discipline was almost at an end . The . soldiers had at one time all but worshipped General Williams . After the action , in particular , they gathered round their giilifuit leader , only too happy , after the Eastern fashion , to touch the hem of his garment iu token of their submission aud respect . Now these same men refused to salute liim , aud turned their eyes away when , they saw him approach . Still , to tlie last , he . o

      hardened his heart in hope . Omar Pacha had written to him , on his arrival at Batoum , to hold out only auothor month , and he would be with him . The Muehir here , too , Selim Pacha , who had been sent from Constantinople to take the command , forwarded him a similar despatch , informing- him that he ' was at the head of a large u » id well-disciplined force , all admirably equipped and eager for the fight , and that he would lose no time in marching to his relief . Thus deceived , tho General determined to hold out as long as a mouthful of food remained ; aud , iu fact , the last biscuit was issued out of store on tho very day of tho capitulation . "

      to-wall fight with a party of tho assailants was brought to the ground , where , after having been kicked and bruised , ho was in the very net of receiving n . crushing blow on tho head from a heavy shoulder - stone , levelled at him by oucs of his antagonists , when Capt . Walker—an English regimental otfioer —duahed into the party ou horseback , and by a low vigorously dealt applications of hi . s sabre speedily cleared a riug' round the sergoant . The sight'of what Captain Guernsey ' s Colt had effected , mid his declaration that three bullets yet romainod for those who offered further violence , combined , with this onorgotio demonstration on tho part of Captuin Walker , to secures an

      umolosted exit for tho pvovost-maruhal and his party ; ami tho two wounded Turks wore sent off to hoipital . What was tho opinion of tho * Lieutenant-General commanding ? Captain Walker was severely reprimanded , and the provost-mar .-mul has boou aont home —virtually dismissed tho force . Ooncral Vivian prolowed Bftoriftoing a most dosemug ofliuer , of whose conduct in this matter most Englishmen will approvo , to exasperating tho troops by unnecessary sovority . " But ovon more culpnblo , some will think , was the display of moral woukiioas made by this oonuuiuulor in dealing with a , yet more flagrant outrage committed during tho

      vory nigUt preceding thin attack on the provost-marshal . Soou after tho arrival of tho Contingent at Kortoh , it was discovered that sovoral of tho graves in tho ganoral burial ground outside thu town had boou oponod during tho night , and their inmates pluudorod of tho trinkets dookod in which it was tho praotico of tho woulthior Radian iwul Tartar fomthoB to inter thoir dead . A guard—composed of Bokhara of tho 71 st Highlanders—was placed over tho spot « aoh oveuing at smwot ; whon , a few nightn ntfcov this prooaution was commenced , a m > ino wa « hoard amongst tho tombs . Tho guard challenged

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      STATE OF THE NATION . The close of the year has given occasion for several retrospective glances at the mercantile aud trading condition of the country . Foremost among these is the official return of the Revenue for the last quarter of 1855—a document which exhibits an increase , as compared with the quarter which ended on the 31 st of Dec , 1854 , of . £ 321 , 475 . The various items are thus set down : — INCREASE . Excise £ 53 , 144 . Taxes 52 , 706 Property Tax 434 , 353 Post Office 16 , 038 Crown Lands 5 , 000 Miscellaneous 167 , 140 £ 728 , 381 DECREASE . Customs £ 315 , 506 Stamps 91 , 400 j . 406 , 906 j Net Increase £ 321 , 475 ; The results , for the whole of the year just termij nated , compared with those of the year 1854 , are still \ more satisfactorv , as tliey exhibit an increase of ; £ 8 , 133 , 396 . A table showing the fluctuations in the stock and ! share market during the year 1855 has been publislied ; aud the subjoined analysis of its contents is given in the Times City article of Wednesday : — ! " Throughout the whole period , the extreme range | of Consols was 7 | per cent .: —that of the preceding year - having been 1 G | per cent . The difference between the opening and closing prices has been comparatively moderate , Consols being only 2 § per cent , lower than on the . 1 st of January . In railway shares , with a , few , exceptious , the depression has been much greater . As regards the Bank bullion , its amount at the com-: mencenient was ¦ £ 13 , 667 , 384 ; it readied £ 18 , 169 , 026 in June , and has now declined to £ 10 , 981 , 745 . At

      the Bank of France the total at the beginning was £ 16 , 200 , 000 , which- has since been reduced to £ 8 , 600 , 000 . On the Paris Bourse the fall in the Three per Cent . Rentes has been only 1 per cent . "Wheat has experienced less fluctuation than in the preceding year . The price of white wheat in January was 83 s ., whence it declined in March to 72 s . In November , it reached 90 s ., and it is now about 82 s . As regards the declared value of our exportations of produce and manufactures , the Board of Trade tables thus far , which comprise only ten months of tlie year , show only a trifling decrease , which is likely to be more than covered when the final returns are . made up , the total having . been £ 88 , 531 , 865 , against £ S 9 , 733 , 5 S 6 iu the corresponding period of 185-4 , The movements in the Bank rate of discount were

      imprecddentcdly numerous , having comprised eight alterationr . The opening rate was 5 per cent . Before tho middle of Juno this had been gradually reduced to SJ . per c ? nt ., and in the remaining six months it was carried uninterruptedly to 6 per cent , for short , and 7 per cent , for long 1 ) 1118 . " Tlie Liverpool emigration returns for 1855 exhibit n . elimination in the number of persons sailing from that port , to the extent of nearly one half , as compared with last year ' s return . A communication froni Liverpool informs us

      that" Tho total number of ships which , have sailed hence for all foreign ports during tho year , including ' short , -shi ; s , ' or those which do not conic under the surveillance of the Government offieei-. s , has buen 576 , carrying altogether 122 , 180 souls , against 957 ships , which took thuir departure hence for all foreign ports in tlio year 1854 , with ' 210 , 7-12 souls on board . If tho former number , about 90 , 000 , or two-thirds , have proceeded to tho United States , and about ' 27 , 000 to tho Australian Colonies , tho bulk of tho remainder boiug equally divided between Canada and Now Bmiirfwiok . 113 , 037 of these emigrants went in

      paswen&er-slups under tho inspection of tho local emigration agents , mil of that number 50 , 025 , or inoro than ono-lialf , wore Irifh , 32 , 1 OS English , 1-1 , 5-13 Scotch , and tlio remainder , with tho oxoeptiou of 1 , 8 ( . 54 who woru cabin pn-sseugora , and wore nob eluasifioil , wore natives of other countries , but ohiuily Uonnitn ,- ) . Of tho 27 , ' 000 \ v ]> o suilod for Australia , !> , S 5 l ) were English , 8 , 158 lri « h , 3 , 482 Scotch , ami tho remainder natives of other countrioa . It i » o . vpoctod that next spriuj thero will bo a grout influx of Gormaua into Liverpool , for tlio purpose of emigrating to tho United States . "

      Iu connection with emigration , it is gratifying to be nblo to announce u contemplated improvement , which was much nec < lcd , in the steam tnumport to our Auslruliun Colonies . Over and above the renewal of tlic clipper contract for one your with fit * I . ivjrpo . )! sliipo vaers , Mr . Liihonclicrc , it is uiul < irst . ooil , is about actively to inaugurate his presidency of the colonial department bv at last

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      January 5 , 1856 . ] THE LEADER . %

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      AVAR MISCELLANEA . Prince Menscuikoff , by an inij > eriul ukase , dated tho 21 tit ult ., ia appointed Military Qovoruor-Olonernl of Cronetadt , with all tho rights * and poweri ? aj > pertaining to a Genoral-in-Chief in time of war . ? Sir Edmund Lyons , who- has just boon ju-omoted to tho rank of Admiral , lias sot out for France . Ho loaves the command provisionally with Admiral Eroemnntle . Tlie squadron of Admiral Stewart , which win at Smyrna , suilod thence on the lt ) th for Athens .

      ltE-KNrKHiNa thu B . vi / ric . —A porliou of tho Baltic fleet has been obliged to re-enter that son , on account of a suddou change in tho weather releasing tlie ice-.- —¦ " It was wtatcil to-day on ' Change , " says a letter from Hamburg , " that tho two Eugli . ili corvettes , tho last of tho sqvuxdron , which had romainod in observation at Eluinoro , had re-ontored the Baltic , on recoi | . ) fc of information that m con « idonvble number of Finnish vessels , taking advAutago of u I'linniro in tho weather ,

      which enabled thorn to put io noa , had wueceodeil in roaohing fSwediwh ]> ort « AvitU thoir cargoes , in exchange for which they wen * loading colonial goodn for Russia . The uame . s of woveral of theno vowsoIh , uapturot . 1 by the liuglirih , wore moiitinnud , sind nobody appeared to doubt the fuet , for the Russian authorituid had iinprudently aunouitueil , in an oilioial munuor , to the merchants flint ; tho allied cruisers hud withdrawn , and that ooiiHoquontly tho Baltic was reopened to doinoflti <; nnd foreign navigation . " 1 of

      HKA . I . TU onTins ArmY . —By ( , ho h ^ t report Dr . Hall ( dtvfcod Doooiuber 10 th ) , wo learn tliat tho hoaltli of tho army continuon excel lout .

  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 5, 1856, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2122/page/3/