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Leader (1850-1860), 12th April 1856, Edition 1 of 2, Page unpag., / A POLITICAL AND LITEEAEY REVIEW.

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      / A Political And Liteeaey Review.

      / A POLITICAL AND LITEEAEY REVIEW .

      Contents :

      Contents :

      Untitled Article

      npHEY call it peace , but that it is revolution every ¦* - day makes more clear . The difference between the present and ordinary revolutions is , that the Sovereigns are buying up shares in the revolutionary projects , much in the same manner that the Panama Company . . bought vip shares in the Nicaragua Accessory Transit Company , for the purpose of suppressing it . The director de facto of the enterprise is that silent adventurer who succeeded in

      Count Cavoub proposes no fewer than three fundamental reforms for Italy . Somebody asked him , it is said , what could be done for his native land ? And he replies that the Conference can lend its sanction and aid to a triple change . It is desscribed in the organ for information upon the subject—the Times newspaper . He proposes to establish " the unity of Italy , " or an instalment of it , by a union of the several customs of the country , after the manner of the German

      Zollverein . This would necessarily bring the central and southern Italian States into direct intercourse with Piedmont and Genoa , that is , with Liberalism ; and free trade must inevitably be accompanied by a free circulation of that opinion which is printed by the presses of Turin and Genoa in the language of the whole ., * j > eninsula . This , therefore , is a practical overruling of the Italian Princes . He next proposes that the Austrian influence should be counteracted in Italy ; a very

      sound suggestion , entirely consistent with English opinion on t he subject . But as Austria is always the sovereign in the last resort , upon the occasion of any civil dispute in Italy , Count Ca . vouu really proposes a revolution against the supreme authority of the Peninsula . Thirdly , he would supersede the Pope as to his temporal throne and authority , anil limit him to mainly spiritual functions . The Poria hasbeen dispossessed in the dominions of King-Victor Emmanuel ., with very great success , and

      the most advantageous results . His Holiness exercises authority in several countries where he has no civil power . In fact he appears to occupy a more august position as viewed from the distances of Germany , Ireland , or Spain , than when viewed from the Corso or the outlying streets of Rome , where his own subjects treat him with positive and personal contempt , allowing their cart-horses to

      splash him with mud as they gallop by . A material throne , therefore , is evidently not necessary for the Sovereign Pontiff . The plan conjures up to us the iden of a spiritual authority on the earth , such ns theorists lmvo dreamed , but few statesmen have yet distinctly proposed . Perhaps wo must take , along with Count Cavouk , the manifesto by the Archbishop of Paris , who prophesies a unity of all Christendom . The pence ,

      converting France into a gambling table , entirely for the purpose of the croupier . It does not -thence follow that tie popular interests will not ultimately obtain some advantage ; on the contrary , the Princes have evidently learnt the lesson , that in order to ( secure themselves they must become , in fact as well as in title , agents for their own people ; and the question of the present day appears to be , how much they can get for how little duty to he performed in that new profession ?

      The Emperor of Russia advertises the opening of a shop in this line . His manifesto announces to the people his complete success in being defeated by the Allied Sovereigns , and his determination to turn over a new leaf , and to enrich himself with the peace -which has been forced upon him . This is really the purport of the proclamation with which the Czar , announces to his subjects the xenewalof peace . He tells them that he intends to devote himself to internal organisation , and the social improvement of his people , through the working of their orthodox faith . In other words , the Czmi

      is about to undertake an entire change in the manners and customs of the Russian people—to lead them into commerce b y favour of peace , to developo their public -works , their trade , and their pacific intercourse with the West of Europe . This would be very profitable to them ; but evidently tho object with the Czah is to see what profit lie can make out of it for himself . It will « ot bo bad for the peoples if tho Princes should take up these clover ideas of benefiting their countries in order to get a good per centagc . It really ia the aound direction in monarchy , ns well oa in commercial contents .

      Untitled Article

      he says , is the first , step towards that union . He affirms that nothing separates France and England , at present , as Christian countries , except "local prejudice ; " and as to Mahometanism itself , he asks , " what is it but a sect of Christianity ?" Russia has declared that the objects of the war are attained , now that the Orthodox Greek Christiana are placed under the protectorate of the Allied Sovereigns ; the preamble to . the treaty of peace is said to recognise the Emperor Napoleon as the author of the peace , the potentate whose good offices have brought about this union of Europe ; it is "Napoleon ' s Archbishop who utters the word

      of union , bringing together Papists , Protestants , Pan-Sclavonian Christians , and Mussulmans . Jews ., also , adds Mr . Milneb Gibson ; who should decidedly be added to the Religious Congress , or . Supreme Council of United Christendom , foreseen by Archbishop Sibour . There is a grand truth in the Archbishop ' s Pastoral ; but how strange to find it in an official church manifesto —how revolutionary ! With these revolutions , so strikingly dramatic , we

      have two others thrown in . There is every reason to apprehend that Austria is stirring up a revolt , and namely , a revolt against the Conference . She hesitates , it is said , to withdraw her troops from the Principalities—those Principalities which are to bo handed back to Turkey . England has recalled her fleet , abolished the blockade upon Russian ports ; Russia has removed restrictions , and proclaimed pence ; but Austria lies upon her arms .

      Does she mean to play traitor ? If so it will be a dangerous » evolt for her . Already there are rapprocliemens which seriously menace her . The Emperor Ali 2 X . a . n » bk not only exchanges the most affectionate demonstrations with the Emperor Napoleon , but manifests peculiar afFccJjpjj _ jfor King Victor Emmanuel , whoso Pf f ^ t ^ Liii& ^^ X refuge of Lombard exiles , mid wj&fsflj ^ trag ^^^^ proposing the triple Italian revolt ^ MW ^ i ^ M ^ ff !^ I in France , Liberty , routed by l ^ ^^^^|^' l ||| nets , avenges her flight by Portlt ^ n ! i | ara »! ra ^ fc ^ j the silence nnd the darkness epigi ^ x ^^^^ ypu ^^ tt lctxvc many a poisoned sting in i ^^ a ^ lpt t ^^ mjw ^ atelier . The poor little Child of F » jpt ^^ @TOti ^/ the venal " blasphemy of Court-rhym « r 3 ^ cwWb » rRte 3

      Untitled Article

      "The one Idea winch . Hi 3 tory exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea of Humanity—the noble endeayoxir to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided , views ; and , by setting aside the distinctions of Religion , Country , and Colour , to treat the whole Human race a 3 one brotherhood , having one great object—the free development of our 3 T > ixitual nature . "—Hlcinboldi's Cosmos .

      Untitled Article

      VOL . TIL No . 316 . ] SATURDAY , APRIL 12 , 1856 . Price { S 2 gS £ ??! S : ^ S ^ '

      Untitled Article

      REVIEW OF THE WEEK- tags Miscellaneous 345 The Police ia India 350 THE ARTSImperial Parliament 3 * 9 Postscript 346 „ ,, _ - _ , ., , ,. ^ . ,= - The Crimead Board of Inquiry .... 3-11 ¦ * 1 | TCD . T | ID , ' 2- !^ £ EBt i&S ^ ** "" 1 st The Peace ...... 312 p , iri , r AFFAIP * LITERATURE- lhe Operas , Etc 357 Ireland .... 342 fUBUU ArfAIKb Tlie Argument from Desigu 351 America 3 i 2 The Intervention in Italy 34 !> The Court of Austria .. 352 The Gazette .. 357 jS ' aval and Military Ne-vrs 342 The Exposition of 1856 at Chelsea .. 347 Colonial Constitutions 353 ContinentalNotes ... 342 Civil Service Superannuation 34 S A Lady Among the Mormons 354 rnwiMFRriAl AFFAIR *?—Our Civilisation 311 Beameson Religious Teaching .... 848 An Indian Drama .. 355 OUWIMfcKClAL . Ar-I- AIKJ » Obituary 345 Interrupted Reforms . * 319 . Anecdotes on Jurisprudence 355 City Intelligence , Markets , &c . .... 357 .

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  • Citation
    • Leader (1850-1860), April 12, 1856, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2136/page/1/