On this page
-
Text (2)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
lias had a magnificent tribute of the same character in a letter from Manin , the President of ^ Venetian Republic . So that the ««• £ Sardinia has now been distinctly avowed by the Ministers of King f » cx | p EwxvE ^ jm ** cepted by the rePr <**! 0 ^ W T £ lJ * " ^ provinces in Italy , as the eausjiglf Italy- ^ i ^ P After all Sir Benjamin H * ps ™ sistance ^ fi |* e ascetii , and Lord Palmebs ^ s . galjmt sujgg of his honourablejfriend ^ * ^ Temi fl £ 2 W ? way under the coined P ^ ure of « J ^ g TidtBOBT , and Cat-vin , aided by John ^ Knox the S ! SS ? M-sB" 5 S is not
not resign ; but it is evident he oounu *« TsoT * ncUe Jsatill supported ^ * premier ; For Lord < Pa * m * J * ston avows . that bis . opinion is unchangeable . If anybody should resign , therefore , it should be Lord Palmerston . Jn excuse , he asserts that the working classes have been indifferent ; as if they were bound to keep on making demonstrations at the very time when he appeared so clearly to understand their wishes , andt © earey them out- Each side took the course proper to it . Those who had not what they wanted , and wished the bands removed , petitioned ; those who had what they wanted , and wished the bands to play , went in great multitudes to listen . Since the ^ removal , admirable reasons have been shown , by clergymen and working men , as well as by the journals , for the
continuance of the performances . They drew the . working classes from-the Tpublic-house ; they supplied afternoon occupation which the working man could enjoy in company with 'his ^ wife , his sister , and his children , which the working youth could enjoy in company with his honest sweetheart ; . and . working . clergymen of great parishes bear tesidmony to the excellent operation of such pursuits . ££ e bands are discontinued ; but the question does not end here . 'Eumbe ' s trial has begun , has occupied three $ kyS , and is not yet endea . The evidence brought forward at ihe inquest , before a reluctant coroner , has now ; been rendered much more . complete . It is not only a . question whether Palmeb poisoned John Cooke—a . question - to be decided upon an immense mass of circumstantial evidence—but it
is a question whether juries shall comtmue to decide upon circumstantial evidence or not . ^ Few cases have brought out such a mass of circumstances , all tending' to one verdict , while few have more distinctly exhibited the inherent weakness of tjbiat kfrid of evidence . Disallow circumstantial evidence , and you will ahnost prevent conviction for . very serious crimes , which the culprit always attempts to perpetrate in secrecy . Direct evidence ' he can usually prevent ; circumstantial evidence seldom . Juries feel that circumstantial evidence is sufficient warrant for keeping a man 'in prison , or ' for subjecting him to
chastisemertt , but perhaps not so sufficient a warjjanfc * for sending him to everlasting perdition . We believe such a man to be guilty , and believing him guilty , we might feel justified in im' pTiBomrig nirn with a punishment of . perpetual * tdfi '; bttt < Jh the most perfedt of Tiuraan comi tfdjraons 'there tnrty < be mistake . The blameless Ex / iza . F-bnnihg was hanged upon circumstantial evidence . That unjust fate is so shocking , * £ hat " human reflection naturally hesitates to consign a fellow-creature to a sentence Trom which he * attmtft 'be redefemeft . ' The -plettflhigB in Paxmek ' b trial « re virtually 'a great discussion 'upon that . ^ ueB tion as well ae on the gttil t or innocence of the man .
Untitled Article
tytm COMMISSARIAT IN THE CRIMEA , fttfiii ^ lldwing letter possesses , we 'tlilrik , the in-> t 0 r « flt ttltadhing 'to any authentic personaThnpresitiona , * and du ^ gosts , even now the war'is oyev , mwq p points 'Vitally affeoting our military administration :- ^ - TSTt djsab - . Balaklava , April 19 , 1856 . As'ln'the IiiqolVyVtiiirfh 'public opinion requires toTjfc anide Uitotho opWHtloiiB df Our ttrmy , the commissariat . department : will doubtless occupy . a good deal of attan ~ Jlfffc * ! forward . you theae notes to guide you through HwrTttkate . " ' VurnWhed with three days' provisions , our T WjSJWWBiiPta'&e ' Crimm ;' anu although tnftrty of the ' 4 nfW 4 tlWqtt . fa « nnunfed -their nrallonB quickly ., and some JJ ^ . J ^ ft ^ gfciW ^ as-sbut up , close till the third day Tfaa TSf ^ t ]! $$ ygL' ^ JHi 7 * $ few grounda of complaint exist :,, ^ ff ^ T" ? 1 R 5 PB « M ! M » t until Wterthe celebrated flank t ( WPOTifli . uBi tf « ft ' < afc * tttteohiwymt ) 'tfratoaa 'had 'been < ttteh » fid & 'W ^ « r » bflto were uppmr-¦ ?^ &w * wttW ^ 0 * w » WWfflpdrt TTHfch . 'tHey then pbaaeBSOQ
L r > nriog thWaijfr <»* r » « » WTi ' ' 89 ftriat de P 6 t vas of cour 8 e 2 o ^ wenKSS ! 3 b ^ expected thafc v ii had made * alakla « a . 'the base of our operations , all difficuTtSf aupply were obviated within thirty hours ' sail of -flMStantinople , and ^ fhe ocean all our ^ gwn . $ ut ta-baflnWn only , did gfepxhorrors of . ^ T ^ gf' meSTof 5 » 8 P ° rt so * -cea ** l * to e * i « t'inli « J , and , whaler at ffced by se ** ras * ot long in 6 har « & * t the coi&aria *« leP , « i ^ tig « partis fronx ^ front DreaSted M&tfsitions fqrrtnantjiias which Jit vflMft jrnpgs-t sX ^ mSfr Oftenijfeitlie ^ hich tb ^ JM ^ ' ^ ceive ^ waTtoorf ^ h for theiwfrifeei ^ l limba to bear , and the spectacle was too common to be terrible—the lifeless body beside its burden . But it is needless to revive the recollection of . these horrors ; they are recprded vand . can , mS ^^^^^^ ^^' . . . * . _ , » x e »„„ . « , „
b « , at ; t £ 8 ted . The iTurJcs were rationed , from our « Qi » m » £ - sariat ; they do . not . eat . potk . anji - as . we . had . nothingelae eatable , they subsisted on rice , biscuit , and the . infernal branlike . mixture . called , coffee . 3 » r Cdlin > . solicitude , for : the welfere of Jthepoor Turks > won their gratitude , but rather surprised Rustum Pacha , whose peculating habits ' Sir Colinacentedand threatened to punish . The position of a commissariat officer , however desirable now , was neither pleasant nor profitable then . Nowhere in the Crimea are graves more plentiful than around Balaklava , and death divested of the excitement of battle was rendered doubly horrible by the attendant agonies nnder which so many sank . The business of the commisR » riat in Balaklava consists in receiving from
transport-ships stores-shipped by government agents at home , or purchased ani shipped by commissariat agents from countries contiguous to the seat of war , and in issuing from the depot these stores on the requisitions of commissariat ofgeers attached to divisions or brigades of the army . There also exists an onice in Balaklava froM which an assistant-commissary-general-rations the regiments stationed in the vicinity , the hospitals , and the Government employes . The commissariat staff consists of a commissary-general , deputy commissary-generals , assistant commissary-generals , commissariat clerks , temporary , commissariat-clerks , storekeepers , assistant storekeepers , and commissariat issuers . The labour at the depot has been performed principally by Turkish hamals at 2 s . a day , and onbashi ( overlookers ) at 2 s . 6 d .
Doubtlesa you have seen a plan of BalakJava , but the wildest imagination would fail to fill up the narrow street that skirts the harbour as it appears ( or rather has appeared ) at mid-day . The shock-headed Crim Tartar with his buffalo araba , the long string of packmules with their wild-looking Asiatic muleteer , the stately dromedary stalking with solemn pace , land transport carts , and artillery waggons , with the ferociouslooking old prevot sergeant marshalling the throng . At times fatigue parties of from one to two hundred men , with requisitions for firewood , might be seen filing off with one stick apiece ; hamals toiling slowly along under frightful loads , or with loud shouts crowning the railway trucks ( great emulation existing as to which truck shall be loaded first ) , stores being forwarded by railway to a temporary depot formed at the " Col . "
In the midst of all the bustle how preserve ihe balance ? Seeing that ample means were at the disposal of the powers that be , that the usual facilities for verifying amounts existed , how will you receive the intelligence of the -tremendous deficiencies that will be disclosed ? In one department alone ( fuel ) the deficiency in wood is stated at twenty-five millions of pounds weight . Don ' t laugh ; if this is a Crimean " shave" you will find it a close one , and however comically stupid the cause may be , widows and orphans weep the result . In other departments the deficiency is proportionately large ; in barley , for example , it will amount to several hundreds of tons When we speak of deficiencies , understand it is meant quantities totally unaccounted for , waste and damaged stores being allowed for at the discretion of a board of officers summoned to condemn
damaged stores or assess Idta by waste . I forward you , enclosed , < Joplea of the various forma of requisition , the No . 1 being from . the divisional officer , generally an assistant commiasariat-rgeneral or commissariat clerk . There ia frequently a blank left both for the quantity and description " of stores , the person in charge of the train of mules , carts , or waggons being ternpowered to fill the blank with whatever ho may . got , to avoid returning empty . On arriving at the stores of the division it is then issued to brigades , or regiments , on requisition No . 2 . Detached troops or 'batteries of artillery in 'the same manner . The qunrtamntater is presumed responsible for the conservation and distribution ( rationing ) of the regimental stores , but the duty devolves 1 entirely npon 1 quartermaster-fiorgoarits of
regiments , who receive ' ration'returns'from the orderly corporala for companies . -I have no hesitation in assortingthat the mode of rationing and checking amounts in ' perfect , so far as it 'lies within the control of the mill'tdry , and no Qefloicnoies can-occur in'the quartermastersergeant ' s department . When supplies < are short , tho quantity to which tho ration will oxtend is calculated and impartially distributed . Tho amount issued to regiments , trodps , or brtitbries from divisional stores can also-be checked with the amount received by divisional stores from tho dopOt , and'for which receipts are retained at 'ihe depflt ; the deficiency must consequently exist between ihe amount 'received at tho depDt and tho 1 amount for whtoh they hold receipts aa having issued | there . Either thOy'did n 6 t'receive the amount of atom *' at tho dep 6 t , -which have been paid for . forwarded to
fhem , * ij £ * Mta | itted by their returns to have been rerceivetl jS % 0 | eni ;> cor they have issued more on the requitsflfere iMP ithe amounts for which they were drawn TheytcaiBPt « " choose their horn . " They have erred in both , paftftnJMfoand to an extent that will fri ghten John SHU fft » m his propriety . For twelve months cargoes w * e * e received without check of any kind to vve * i fj ^ tfeP « fl nioun t 8 stated in the bill of lading or consi gnment j papms . And when late in last autumn , or rather fin Jj ^ ^ jwmwfcencement © . f last winter , the cargoes were IAemT ^ Sfel ^ dautted bv returns to « w n —
OWl jghedpr . tailed out , / apt one ship in twenty produced tlhe amount stated in her- ^ pers . One ship , named the W , charge / 1 with three .. hundred tons , loaded by con tractors-with firewood from Anatolia , weighed out at Kazatch , produced one hundred and fifty tons ; and at \ Balaklava , with a heavy deck load , produced ( the -second time ) two hundred and thirty . She is one of a grea . t _ nuroher carrying wood for the same contractors . Another ship , named thej&t—~— , loaded with barley , weighed out at Balaklava , proved eighty tons deficient ; the M G , thirty-five hundred weight of biscuit ;
and so on you ' might continue accumulating such specimens of our mercantile morality . Rum flows not in bumpers , but " " of puncheons ; and beef , too , too solid ( for chewing ) , melts , thawSj and dissolves itself into adieu . Let ' s take the other horn—over-issuing . I have been told a hundred times , " You ' re mighty particular ; when Mr . was here we took double'the quantity . " ' For all bulky stores , issued without weighing , we have raised the average charge ( per cart , waggon , or packmule , or sack , as the case may be ) considerably the last six months ; and yet I will give you an instance within last month ' s experience . A sergeant , named H , comes down for stores for the third division , frequently
¦ seventy or eighty pack-horses or mules with him , and a blank requisition ( No . 1 ) , signed by the commissariat officer : each pack was formerly charged 1801 bs . weight for a load , but latterly we have charged 2001 bs . This sergeant , when requested by me to sign for 2001 bs . of wood for each mule , refused , cited the deputy commissary-general ' s order , and-finally declined finishing the transaction with me : " my superiors would teach me my duty . " Not to be outdone in obstinacy , I caught the mule nearest me , took it to some scales where they were weighing barley , unpacked the load , and weighed it in his presence : it weighed 3431 bs . I told him to find and bring me the smallest in his convoy . He took his time , and selected the smallest load ; it weighed 2091 bs . - Still he would not sign for more than 1801 bs . ; and , having reported the transaction to my superiors , I
left him to settle it with them , which he did , amicably . My superiors are mostly Irish policemen , who have left their country for their country ' s good , but for England ' s heavy loss and her soldiers' sorrow . Men of athletic mould , they were better fitted to guard the stores with their brawny arms , or aid in their transmission on their powerful heads , than to receive in bulk and issue in detail , however simple such an operation muy appear . Their acquirements , so far as languages are concerned , are limited to strong English . Although we have been in constant communication with tho other nrmic ^ , and when lime-juice and coal was lent to the Sardinians , and firewood to the French , the medium of communication ( myself ) came out as general labourer , and was known by some of these "Irish jintlemeu" as the " navvy . " _
.. Great quantities of barley were lent to the French ; I am pretty certain tbe amount was two million and a half pounds weight , an ignorant poor devil of a Maltese acting as interpreter ; but he made no pretension to any knowledge of French beyond tho generality of his countrymen , who pick up a few familiar words from thn sailors of all countries . As to the corps raised by Sir Joseph Paxton , to assist tho operations of the Commissariat , on their arrival in the Crimea , the butchers ( eighty ) wore immediately divided amongst the different divisions of tho army ; and , under their hands , the cnttln turned out much more palatable meat . To each division , also , a few labourers were assigned , to assist in thn stores . Two gangs of twenty-five men each have bcou
occupied discharging ships , as also have tho ^ renter 'number of the mechanics , for whom , after their own camp was built , little elao could bo found for thorn to do . Considerable jealousy has boon exhibited towards this corps , and I see that attacks have been made on them «( homo . You know that my experience of mechanics has been earned in tho bast establishments of Europe ; and a hotter selected body of men never existed ; and had they been properly officered , tho result would have won credit for tho man , most of whom belong to a clnas , whom m time of peace and prosperous trade , government woulil seek in vain to enliBt . But to this corps , and their companion body , the Army Works Corps , hangs a tnlc , which I hope to tell .
Wo are now clearing all tho bulky atorcs ( forage and fuel ) out of Balaklava , to leave tho wharves "t tho disposal of tho military authorities , for embarkation . VVlmt la necessary for consumption will bo iflsuod at temporary depots . Uoef mid barley arc piled in great quantities on the graveyard at tho end of . tho harbour ; and »> ny , barley , coal , and wood are forwarded in heavy trains to the " Col " by railway . Shot and shell , bhoveln , whoi-Imrrows , picks , and hammers are being embtulicd niniu'y And amidst tromenduous bustle , glorioua weather , ai " hoots of visitor * ( Rueki ) , wo have arrived at tlio dcginning of tho end . ...
Untitled Article
when ' ¦ f , ¦;¦ - .. THE LEADER . [ No . 321 , Saturday , ^^ fc % i ^ L _ ^ JM ^> a ^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^¦^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ZIZ ^^^^^^^|^^^^^^^^^^ l ^^^^ Mi ^^^^^^^ MlwwwMalMa ^^ a ^ Ma ^^^^ M ^ a w ^^ wa ^^^ M ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ . — : — = ?? -== ^ Z ~ Z ^^^^ m their hav
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), May 17, 1856, page 458, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2141/page/2/
-