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T ORB JOHN RUSSELL has announced his XJ intention of questioning Government on the subject of their position -with respect to Italy . The instant this announcement was made the public interest was excited . Already there was sufficient distrust as to the position of our Government , and the very fact of Lord John's asking the question implied that some necessity for explanation was felt in the high circles of politics , as well
as by the public . The postponement of the inquiry has added to its importance . On the Friday the House is anxious to separate , the question -would have been raised simply on the motion for adjournment ; on Monday it will be brought forward in a more regular manner , and there will be ample time for its discussion . Lord John has claimed precedence of the orders of the day ; and the additional time taken , the additional care to secure perfect attention , and to draw forth a full account , have , we say , enhanced the public
interest . The events of the week are calculated to confirm , the necessity for explanation . The reply which Lord Clarendon has made to Count Apromr , the Austrian Envoy in London , has been regarded in Turin , and will be regarded throughout Italy , as showing , to quote the words of an Italian contemporary , " either that diplomacy does not dare to loosen the knot of the Italian question , or does not know how . " Of all people the English are those who boast of being most
downright , most direct , the least diplomatic ; and yet of all people on the Continent we stand at the present moment in the position of being the most circuitous and the least intelligible . It has been reported that the Italian question is virtually settled between the two Emperors of Austria and France—England herself standing by . This has been semio cially denied by the Morning I * osty but in a
strange manner . The writer nflirms that the visit of the Emperor N " Arot , noN to Plombieres is for purely sanitary objects , and that the whole question turns upon tho course which the Western Powers may take towards Naples ; as if Naples were the whole Italian question , or tho most important part of it ! Tho true knot of the Italian question does not lie in tho south , but in tho north and centre ; tho true point for Englishmen to consider is tho proposal by Sardinia of
constitutional and moderate reforms . That was the plan which Massimo D'Azegi . io set forth in the memorandum presented by Count Cavottr to the Conference at Paris ;—the recommendation of moderate practical reforms in the various Italian States by the representatives of France and England , in conjunction with Sardinia , and avowedly in conjunction ; and in conjunction also , still openly , with the most influential men of those
several States . That is an open course ; it moderate , practical , English . It is moderate , because it proposes a minimum of change in the several States , and would reconcile the past with the future ; it is practical , because there exist in all those Statqf materials for commencing such a reform to-morrow ; it is English , because it is exactly like our own mode of proceeding , and it has commanded the solicitude of the English public .
The practical character of it is shown by the latest events in Italy , which also explain the form of Austrian resistance , and tell how it may be beaten . In Tuscany a man has been charged with the crime of becoming a Protestant . We all remember how Ceccht was arraigned , condemned , and sentenced to imprisonment for an act of Protestantism ; how , by an act of mercy , a part of his punishment was remitted , and bow he found refuge and employment under tho Government of Sardinia . There exist in Florence materials for reforming that state of things . The Advocate Sajlvagnoij defended the new prisoner in the criminal court of Tuscany , on the ground that the civil law of the State has no enactment providing Aim onnl < n nnan ¦ fl > of in lns » t . fllfTA 19 11 f > til 111 IT 111 i # i ~— ¦»——»—
& , \ J ± . O * A \ J KM «• \ s »** J \^ * M **?*•* **» *»»» x »» w « J >^ a >« w ** - » v f ^> the law of Tuscany to punish a man for changing his creed . This is indeed astounding intelligence to many , though it is quite consistent with the spirit that has ruled Tuscany for centuries , except within the last few years . Even" the present Grand-Duke has shown a disposition to civil and religious liberty ; he has been seen with a Protestant Testament in his hand . The judge sustained tho argument , and tho prisoner was acquitted . This is bold , it is wise ; it shows the disposition in tho Tuscan capital to rely upon Italian laws , Italian men , Italian opinion , as contradistinguished from Austria ami her protogtfo-accomplice , Itonio . If the Grand-Duke can bo persuaded to act with his subjects , Lkoi-oij ) II . will vie in fnmo with Licoroi . n I ., " of happy memory , " as the Italians title him to this day . The Ministry of Parma has followed a somewhat similar course . Wo all knew , u little while
back , that it had refused to go on bringing prisoners before the military commission which Austria has maintained in the capital to judge political offenders . Members of that commission , and officers of it , have been assailed or threatened ; still it persevered . De Cbbnnbvu . lb took possession of Parma to overawe the better classes , as well as the populace . For a time the Duchess appeared to shelter herself under this protection , but lately her Ministers threw it off . They insisted upon bringing a man accused of the assassination of the late Duke before the ordinary-Italian tribunals . Austria grew angry : slanders against
the Duchess were circulated , and held out to her as threats—slanders which affected her moral character , and associated her with the assassin of her husband . These slanders have been circulated in Italy , France , Belgium , and England . But the Duchess defies her protectors ; she has successfully insisted upon the recal of Dn CbeknevirxE ; she has thrown herself upon ber Italian Ministers , and they , once more becoming national , call for the support of the Western Powers . Here is a case , then , where the position of our Government , its straightforwardness , directness , and independence of Austria , become of particular moment .
The intelligence from America is not uninteresting . Colonel Feemont has been nominated by the Republican party aa the Anti-slavery representative . Such is the tendency in the Union to open a contest between North and South , that the Northern States may be inclined to take up the pure Anti-slavery candidate , notwithstanding the many considerations—the knowledge of European affairs , the intelligible course which Jambs
Buchanan would probably take in English questions , and the hold which he has upon the confidence of the entire Union . In this case they may so disturb the state of the votes as to leave tho election to the present House of Representatives , —which neither represents the Union as it is , nor would be inclined to tolerate a candidate so totally dissimilar to the present administration . This may cause a confusion , and would unquestionably aggravate tho feud between North and South . On the
other hand , the Northern States may understand how completely slavery would bo placed within a ring-fence by the natural growth of tho free states ^ . how the true solution of that question , without m tho . slightest degree conceding to the ena ^ oadk-. ments of the black stain , would bo obtained , bivfa strict maintenance of federal as well n » < stato % } ; ¦ ^ Ps
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦¦^M^Gmwm Wgptwwwjiw'p^^Ff'* '^ M»P ' ¦ _ ¦ .11 T^Fp.'..T*Fflww* T- 1 ? L . V ''. '; . ' T '••• ¦ ..¦:•-: : .. ¦¦¦¦ • • . ¦ . R • ¦ . ¦ 9 ~ ¦ , " ≫ ¦ ¦ ' * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ H|^^^^Hhhhpjph^^^^W^V^T7- ' L- '\ Jl .' '. . ' '' ¦ . '- , ¦ '." " ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ . -¦¦¦-. ¦'-¦- '¦ -' .-' ;. ' . ¦ ¦¦ "¦ ¦¦¦¦ ¦¦ . '. ¦ ¦ ¦" . ¦" •- ¦¦ ' . - ¦ ¦ ,. - . '¦: . ¦ . - . - - I F ' _. " ~ ..... ^^^^^^^^^Hjh^^^Mjhhh||Hq?V^^M'^^^^^^N|F|^!^R?'* ¦ ¦T*V- **" ¦¦ ¦¦'" ," '¦'¦ .'•¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ . ¦ ... . , . . ¦ . . ≪ • '¦ - ¦ '. ¦ •,_»_." ^ ••'¦^¦Csjii.*^^' Jl^A &Oer. Political Amd Literiity Review.
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-, . , T-T-i- > -r ^ a -ft- tttt - « - -, t qk « p DTf . p f UNSTAMPED ... FIVEPENCE . VOX * . VII . No . 329 . ] SATURDAY , JULY 12 , 1856 . jtbice lstamped sixpence .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 12, 1856, page unpag., in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2149/page/1/
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