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f ^^ T ^^ r ^ r ^^^ x ^ g ^ cdu ^ S ? their exertions . :. ; If what \ wasf done mJ 855 had . .. tevjm ¦ & ISSpwnaia Me army might have been rescued from , desteuctoon . Jn tl ^ ritet of I 85 ¥ ^ We wefe taunied with our mismanagement , with ^ our ^ capacity , and .. ft . was thrown in oin ^ teeth ^ . a . national disOTacethat ^ Srmy , wSSS"g & hundreds . We nobly redeemed ourselves in the SSSSZS ^^ S iSL themi that the absolot ^ t system of conducting W ^ S&ecdott of military government j ^ some eyes-presents the fok lowing ^ picture ? It was taken a short timeliefore the articles of peace were signed : — !
. . . The JPrench are sufferers very firachl 1 say this not from hearsay , but having both witnessed it and personally known ; B 6 meV * r 5 tfce ^ riffiters . From bad food , want of vegetable die ^ . ui 8 M | ft < aent clothing , and exposure iinder tents * lying on the t . damp ground , iVectwsfy-the sainecireumstauces have ; taken ^ lace as in the- British , army las * r ^ Bar- iund ^ r sunUar conditions . Scurvy , inits ^ r rst . form ,: folk > wed by dysentery , dSawhoeL and , Utterly , typhus of almost virulent form , has been sweeping them off ly thousand ? . I was assowd by a Erench officer ^ that the iloss-of their medical o % erq ^ oH !? w * 3 ^ o great , that , the , whole number attached , to the army- have been tWTO ^ -replaced &pm ; home . ns ; r-: -: \ - > ^ . u : ;' . ; " ¦ . .- ; ;• r .--. n- « : u : v . ' - - im . i . : *; -3 > : ' > : ^ - ^ --. ' The ^ exceHehtfsaiSta ^ tinV * tim £ is ^ weU knOTyri ; 'With . this , conirasfc we close our notice , of the TiAA ^ ' LV / v - ' - >* ? ¦ ¦' - ' . " ¦ ' : ' ^ ¦¦¦ i ; : ' : . - " " . ¦ - ' . ¦ *" ' : ' . .. .:. ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ..: . -. - .
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,. ^^ lV : Z :- S ,- T ^ Pl iB ^ iH AND ^ MANf . '"¦ ' ,. ' . « "¦'" ' , ' . 71 * Y " " fkt 6 atesis ofA& Earth'andMan . By Reginald Stuart Poole , M . R . S . L . .,, ., / , ¦ :, -,: ; - ¦ ¦ r Edinburgh : Adamand Charles Black . The Object of Mils' essay is to maintain the hypothesis of many original pairs from , which , the human race has descended . Mr . Poole devotes his first chapter to explanations of the incongruity that exists between ! the Mosaic account , of the creation and ther resujts . of scientific discoveries . Starting wftli' the supposition that the whole Bible is a revelation , he endeavours to ' . show " that revelations of this kind , of which the subjects arfeevents , were generally conveyed in representations to the sight ?* and tbrittherefore the Mosaic account of creation , must be regarded &s a record of appearances ... With Professor Lee , he thinks that the narrative of the fornoiatibn of the first woman means simply that the
creatiSnTof Eve '" was revealed to AdamY wlio , in a f * deep , sleep or ecstasy , and that he might , thus have seen God take one of his ribs , make it a wotoan , and bring it to him . Mr . Poole also argues from citations of Scripture " that -the six , days , of creaition ' vniiay refer to six visions ,. He further contends , that there isa close analogy between natural days and th < ei great geo ^ logical pprl ^ ds . ; that ^ e for m er term is frequently used to signify life , and thatWthelatter instance- it may also . be used forvtbe epoch occupied by the energising spirit of the Creator in calling into existence the several elements of theearth . ' . ' ., < " , : •' . -.. It is unnecessary to follow Mr . Poole through the argument in support of ius hypothesis that there was a prse-Adamite race of human heings . i If Gain , being banished to the land of Nod , had a mark put upon him that men might know him , it may fairly be asked , What men ? Evidently not the children of Adam and Eve ; they could scarcely have peopled whole regions in about three generations .
\ Mr . Poole ' s theory , then , is that man was created as soon as the eaTth was fitted for his habitation , which may have been thousands of years before the creation of Adam ; that the equatorial region of Africa was the scene of his birth ; in fact , that the true negro , the aboriginal inhabitant of Nigritia , ia the primary variety of our species ; that branches from this stock gradually overspread the valleys of the Nile and other rivers * the southern portions of Africa , and ' extended into the Malayan Peninsula , China ,. India , and Arabia . Tdvi , Pbole agjrfeeai with Dr . Barrow ! in perceiving a striking resemblance between the- * Hottentbts and the Chinese , and hence concludes that both sprang from the Nigritian stem . The same hypothesis supposes that from the Chinese sprang all the Mongolian or Turanian races , extending
from the limits of the Malayan region , through Asia and Europe , to the coldest limits of the habitable earth and throughout the American contitient * , pervading every zone . The Malayan variety , it is conjectu ^ d ^ ^ pra ^^ fr 0 tk »; a branch of the Mongolian or Tur anian stock , nearly allied to the Chinese , and by degrees entirely : supplanted the older Nigritian settlers eastward of the African continent , excepting a few instances . The principal of these exceptions are to be found in the mountainous parts of the Malayan peninsula , the islands of Luzon and Tasmania , New Guinea * New Britain , New Ireland , and Australia . Mr . Poole does not think it nefesBary that we should suppose that these races sprang frdm on 6 pair , however much the marriages between brothers and sisters , which prevailed in Egypt , may seem to sanction the idea * He would rather infer that it
commenced with two pairs , because " the marriages of brothers and sisters are contrary to the laws of the Creator , to whoge moral government we have no right to impute inconsistency ; " and because the i differences of the black and hypwij and ! tawny races , inay bo most easily accounted for by the euppoeiU 99 t ofti ^ h ys ^ ai differences , however small , in . two pairs of protoplasts . We now arriv ^ at the Caucasian variety , which , we are told , was brought into existence after ! all the other varieties had become developed , commencing with Adam , and dividing into two branches ^ namely , the race of the exiled Cam , which ' degeneriited , by his own and his children ' s marrying with deecandants of the primitive stock ; and the race of Adam ' s other sons and daughters , who may treasonabl y be presumed to have produced a progeny vn ^ orr uptcd by intermarriage ' with inferior races ,, and , therefore , more properly be termed the Adamite race . ' $ uch is the theory Mr . ^ Poole wishes to es tablish . He has incorporated iui&f argument a variety of chronological , historical , and philological detaU 8 i ' an < iwe recommend his book to those who may be tempted to pursue the . indflwy . "' ¦ ¦ " « ¦ .- . •¦ :.... ' r
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. > ' . " ... " ..: ' . ' ' ¦• ¦ ¦ ' ;¦ ' . » " ¦¦ • ' ( BI 8 TORI AS ROSMUNDA ^ = ^ : ' - - ¦ ¦ - '¦ Axboin . King of the Lombards , having slain Comwmfo ,, the father of , JRoitnuadi , makes her drink blood out of her father's skull ; Albmri Wsllimitttilrnb y Alma chiide , who marries Rbsmuwkt , and then defeats Clefi , the defender of the murderea Alboin's causelh battle . Aliieri * s play oliehs whilst the sound * of this battle s * e heard in the distance . JtornUdM- tlie daughter of Atboin and JSoifmttidd , herstejriridther , ' are eonv ^ rsing 'together : This 'Xomttet * is detested bjr Rosmunda ^ no only beeawseslie is the accursed flaughter of Attorn , the Impious * emttaht of his house , tut because Rosmunfa suspects that her- new husband , AlmachiZde , loves her . Rosmunda . therefore , dooms the Princess to the embrace of Alaric . To lord the h Alma
condemn the young Romilcki to sd ruthless a' surprises even roug - ckilHei But J ?< Mwi « na »; has / 5 spokea . ^ Her word is laws Jthoachibhxanat use his sword at the will of his imperious mistress : but vengeance and'policy are hers . In the battle which gave AlmacKUde the victory over CUfc , IUovaldo saved the life of his chieft Hbw caff that ehief reward him ? Let IMovaldb demand what he pleases , and he shall have it . Ildovaldo confesses his love for Romilda . That confession i&Wormwood to Ahnachitde , for , a » Rosmunda snspected , he himseh * is deeply entangled by her charms ; But- ^» te »/ ab loathe * him for havlhgr murdered her father , andwill hardly condescend , to ask him to saveher ;> ffom Alafiio Nevertheless shedoeK pfrefcpthiK-requeB ^ and ^ foiacAacfoi prbm ise * hi © support . But in vain they appeal to Rosmunda's pity . She is inexorable . Ildovtddo y there fore , , vo \ ys , l \ e-will emancipate RomMda , ¦¦ - ¦ > -. : ¦ -. ¦¦ ' <¦¦ - ¦ . ' - ¦ - '' ¦ ¦ ; tut his
At length 4 / 7 Ba ii&fe openly confesses his love for Romilda— passion is spumed .. -Scwi »!«^ enrage 4 at the thought of -Ahtacktide ' s love for Romilda ^ being requited , is sud < J ^ nly . transported with joy . when shelearna from . ftw »»* da s lips that Ildovaldo—not JAnacAt 4 fe-4 ia , the object of her affections . A touch like this in the hands of RistobI ; could not fail to evoke delight . Fired with an un * quenchable hate for A ( machine , Rosmunda , abandons her design to marry Romtfda to Alaric . She will use Ildovaldo to accomplish her vengeance . If he can conquer AlmachUde ,. let him take Romilda by jforce . And yet must it be that ; this cursed daughter of Alboin , the : murderer of Rosmunda ' s father , shall ; be made happy- by Rosmunda herself t ? LietaP—^ nol s ei ta-ancora : —io vivo ancora . Happy?—Thou art not happy yet : —I still live . Just as Tldovaldo has arranged " the escape of Romilda , AlmachUde appears— -he offers to fight his rival , so that he who is . victorious shall have the Princess . The offer is refected , and ildovaldo is disarmed . Rosmunda releases Ildovdldo . There
is a battle . Ildovaldo , cqnstttned with impatient lOye of Romtlda , leaves tbe com . mand to his lieutenant ^ , ancl returns to claim the hand of his bride ; but instead of that hand he - meets vrlttrRosmunda ' s contempt for not having accomplished her comWiana ^ tife death of AlmackUde ? Meantime AlmachUde ha »/^ fceen victorious over J / ao » a ?^ soldiers , and returns triumphant . Rosmundoy seeing the two rival lovers of the haplessfvictim bpth present , and united : only in their desire td rescue her ; sweeps her away—like some beast of prey—and stands prepared to plunge the dagger to Tier-heart . " The twd rivals are compelled m turn to disarm themselves , and todismias . their aoldiers . Rottttmnda ^ aommout hers , and then stabs Romilda , IldpiKildoMU by her own / han ^ -But Ro stmmdah ances butbegnn-v » iy » ocAiftfo lives- ¦ ¦ — f 'X ' ~ » jL ' j t
venge ; m ** : « — Such ia a sliglit sketch of AxifiEiu's Jfosmunda , in which Madame Bisxori has played her part . Though it is impossible « ot to admire the ingenuity of the author in having constructed a play of five acts with only four characters , we must confess that the impression produced upon us was . that which might be produced by a dramatic exercitatfon . It is true , as Alfibbi himself says , that until the close of the play it is quite impossible to say which is the principal character , or what will be the issue . The puzzle is complete * Like a wellshuffled pack of cards , there is absolute uncertainty where each card is to be found . We confess that this peculiarity , whilst it exalts our opinion of Alfiebi s faculty for the mosaic of the drama , has the effect of rendering the characters somewhat artificial . Nevertheless there is considerable power in the work . It context
is not that there are any very fine passage * which can be torn from the , but there is p . boldness ,, ft , rough-hewn grandeur about some of the characters , which demonstrates power . Roamunda is no mere fury . She haa suffered cruel wrongs . She is a vtomari of commanding temper . She is bent upon vengeance , and applies herself to , the-accomplishment of her design witb . the sternest will . Almachildo ia a brave soldier , but It is obvious that his character U too weak to Tesist either the imperious force of Rosmunda , or even the fascinations of Jtomilda . Nor is his moral sense strong enough to dpptise his path to crinjer ^ fhto' crime becomes a necessity . Jiomilda , though the daughter of a barbarian , is Toll of noble thought » j She maintains a settled dignity . She wooW sacrifice all for Ildovaldo , and yet she would not abate one jot of her hatred for Almaohitde . even to win her lover , ildovaldo is a soldier of tried loyalty—of a nobb ^ loyiog nature . He is the victim of circumstances . ' ¦ ¦¦ 1
No charactte * can - ' better' suit the genius of Ristoki tbiimiXtommda . Her dress and figure ar «? always admirable . But the prominent pointftb tttotomcti to us , of her acting in this pant was the marvellous way in which . she * BenyBd , U > , lQ *< l *< over every creature with whohiibhe came Jnto contact . , Jfistie ftttca fo . control by her rnoi ' al power ; she hesitated , not to employ phyical force . ' ^ Atmt kilds , the partner of her crimei , had long recognized her influence ^ and seocrtjd ^^ M ' mK in her rebuke . When ho explainBto her the dagger of iiilfjimlin ] ^ jiBp > iffif < i it ^ ns excellent to watch the patronUzing sneer on lier countenanceiMMUfe gently told him thai whilst the sword was his , policy ^ arid venge&noe * e **; ifii » ra , aud then , placing her hand upon his shoulder , led liirh 0 ff the stage lite a corrected child . Nor was the touch less striking when , with an imperious air , she holds him m her grasp , Ahdj Vith '» stem rebuke , bids him leave ' Xtmvdfa ' t-r- , rl ' — - —put do $ t thou , my ; consort , > .-. 1 Diflfer frpm ino ? and daropt thou Udkto mo ? Mu « t I before them discuds with thee ' , .,, '' , •' . ' , " i ., . Reasons of etato ? Let us go ; ponao : Leave him a little time to reflect . Leave" h « rI say .
, But the last scene of all , in which she exhibits her power , is perhaps one of the most surprising exhibitions of dramatic art ever witnessed on the etngc The incident of the two lovers standing at bay Is said to bo borrowed from n French novel , ZSIIomme de QualitS . It is somewhat melodramatic ; but the perfect art with which ltiarom demonstrates by her every gesture her fixed determination to revenge is worthy of all pruiso . She seems to clutch the poor Jiomilda with her avenging fingers—to encumber her with a terrible embrace , which makes the spectator tremble . It is the Lrfiocoon in spirit . Throughout the play , indoed , there are not many delicate touches of character .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 12, 1856, page 668, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2149/page/20/
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