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    years hence all the lectures are to be in that language . This has created great discontent . The chiefs of the provinces of Transylvania , Croatia , Slavonia , of the Teme 8 cher Banat , and of Dalmatia , are no longer to bear the title of ' Civil and Military Governor , " but of "Governor . " In the civil administration , the expressions " Civil and Military Governments " are no longer to be employed , as in future there will be no separate departments bearing such titles . The Emperor and Empress , on the 9 th , crossed the Gulf of Venice to Pola , -where they were received by the civil and military authorities of Jstria , and , after visiting the chief objects of interest of the locality , returned at midnight to Venice .

    " The Emperor , " says the Morning Post , " has not yet decided on visiting Milan . His Majesty Is said to be : much disappointed with his reception in Italy , and complains of false representations having been , made to him as to public feeling in Venice and Lombardy . "

    ITALVA Neapolitan gentleman , who has recently visited his native state after aa absence of some years , and who has again quitted , it , has communicated to the Paris correspondent of the Times some particulars of the present state of King Ferdinand ' s dominions . According to these statement ? , the Neapolitans are Federalists in their politics . They " are no longer the gay and noisy people travellers knew them to be not long ago . They have become serious , speak little and in a low voice ; but whatever they do say they say -without fear . The terror -which hung over them no longeT exists ; you hear them speak of the incompatibility of Ferdinand II ., of the Constitution ,

    and of liberty , without apprehension or disguise . One would suppose they are anxious to go to prison , but the police daTe not gratify their \ vish . They seem to wish that the police should commit excesses ; but Bianehini does not venture , or does not wish , to gratify them . Bianchini is respected and honoured as an honest man ; his police are tolerant , and even civil . The police are nowdivided into two parts—the old and the new , and these last detest the excesses of the agents of Mazza . Neither Morbell , nor Campagna , nor Creffi , is now seen in the streets . They have disappeared , and are afraid to show themselves in public . . . . . What the people want is a Constitution like that of Belgium . Keforms or amnesties no one seems to care about . In the Bagnio of Ischia there wtfre forty-two political convicts . It -was intimated to them that they should demand their pardon of the King . One demand only was made ; and , two days

    after , the person who made it was found dead ] When the King passes in the streets , few salute him . If the Queen and the children pass , the people turn their backs on them , and no one touches his hat . An amnesty is spoken of as on the point of appearing . . Most of the persons included in it are unknown . . . . The population are armed , but th « y will not have recourse to arms , except at the last extremity . . . . The Hereditary Prince himself is discontented ; he is hated by the Queen , and turned into ridicule by the King ; he" is prohibited from reading the newspapers , which , however , he feels the greatest anxiety to see . He is only allowed to see and converse with the priests . ... When Poerio was transferred from Montefusco to Hontesarchio , before the prison doors were found elegant carriages to convey him to his destination . They were the carriages of the proprietors in the province , who disputed among themselves the honour of conducting the prisoner . "

    The soldier who attempted to assassinate the King of Naples was hanged on Sunday morning . All remained quiet . "When he was being examined by the military and police authorities , ho demanded pen , ink , and paper , saying he would write his deposition . He thexiwrote down aa follows : —* ' For six years I have cherished a hatred against Ferdinand II . I belong to the class of insurgents in Calabria in the year 1818 . It was my intention to purge the earth of this monster . I have not the slightest intention of revealing the names of my brethren who conspire like me to rid the world of this tyrant ; but the occasion will come when their daggers ¦ w ill avenge all . " From the 1 st of next January , fine silver will be paid in currency in the kingdom of Naples . The ducat will bo one hundred and thirty-two grains forty-five centimes per ounce .

    took Soudjak Kaleh , and drove out the Circassians after an obstinate resistance . On the following day , the same General captured a Turkish brig and eighteen boats , under pretence that their papers were not regular . Some other boats escaped and got into Trebizonde , where the Consuls drew up reports of the affair . '

    RUSSIA . The Nord of Brussels contains a leading article on the recent statement that a Russian army , 50 , 000 strong , was prepared to march on the Persian frontiers . The Nord , whilst expressing its doubts of this intelligence , alludes to an article in the treaty of Gulistan , wherein Russia engaged herself to defend Persia in any case of urgent necessity . The Russian memorandum on the Bolgrad and Isle of Serpents questions , which was made public last week , was originally communicated to Count Walewski , the French Minister of Foreign Affairs , with a uote , in which the French Government was invited to promote the reassembling of the Conferences .

    . ¦ : •¦¦ . / . -. .. ¦ GREECE . . . . ¦ .. •¦ . . A strange tale of Turkish atrocities is told in a Greek newspaper , called the Sun ( Helios ) . We append it , though it has so much of a romantic colouring in its complexion , and is so " raw-head and bloody-hones " in its details , that we give it with the same caution which we observed in connexion with the now world-famous story about railways and . revolvers in Georgia ( U . S . ) . Our Hellenic contemporary says : — " A certain Christian at Philippopolis celebrated the marriage of his son , to which he invited all his friends and relations . For six days they kept up the rejoicings with music and dancing . On the fifth day , the Pacha of Philippopolis unfortunately happened- to pass by and saw the ladies elegantly

    dressed , adorned with flowers , jewels , and strings of pearls . On learning the occasion of the festivity from the father , with whom he was acquainted , his Excellency was angry because he had not been invited ; he was therefore asked to come on the following day , when he was a spectator of the profusion and wealth of the family . About midnight , he atacked the house , carried off everything , and slaughtered twenty-five persons . On the following day , which was Sunday , the neighbours , consulting together , knocked at the door ; but there was no reply , or sound of anything within . At last they broke open the doors , and became spectators of the twenty-five corpses , with their fingers mercilessly cut oft ' —a sad sight for Philo-Turks . Immediately a

    statement of facts was drawn up , and the Pacha hastened to view the place with his own eyes . He then left , mounted his horse , uttering curses and imprecations on the perpetrators . He rode up and down , and set a guard over the house , and sent out his soldiers to pursue and take the midnight plunderers . But there ia nothing done in secret that shall not one day be brought to light . One of the servants of the Pacha gave an account to the Christians of his share in the horrible murder . Upon this , immediate information was given to the Pacha of Adrianople , who , coming to the house of the Pacha of Philippopolis , instantly drew up before him all his soldiers , afterwards the soldiers of the place , so

    that the latter should have no guards , and , accompanying him , caused search to be made in the houses of the neighbours of the murdered man . Then he . returned to the Pacha's house , when a large iron chest was discovered in a private apartment occupied by his servant ; this he opened , and there were found heaped up bracelets , necklaces , and rings belonging to the amputated fingers , &c . The Pacha was taken to Adrianople , where he remains in custody . The other inhabitants are seeking out the terrified witnesses with , all diligence ; but the fear is that this Pacha will get off as the Pacha of Varna did . They have written to Constantinople , and are waiting orders from head-quarters . " POKTUGAX ,. The produce of salt in Portugal has failed to nn alarming oxtent , and the Government has felt compelled to issue a decree allowing the importation of foreign salt at a . low duty . According to the uncontTadicted reports of the Portuguese press , the Councillor of State , Felix Pereira Magalhaens , one of th « Ministers in the last Thomar Cabinet , has had his carriage and horses confiscated , in consequence of having made them the vehicle for introducing within the town a petty contraband of beans , bacon , and oil from his country house ,, in order to evade the city dues , wnich barely amounted to three shillings .

    TURKEY . According to the Neio Prussian Gazette , a •\\ rcll-infornicd Berlin paper , the commission for the regulation of the navigation of the Danube have fixed upon the Kilia mouth of ( he river as that which would give the greatest facilities to improvements in the navigation . The Kilia is the most northern mouth , and that on which the destroyed fortresses belonging to Russia were situated . The new Ministry , as finally settled , is thus composed : —Redschid Pacha , Grand Vizier ; Arif Effendi , Sheikh ul Islam ; Mehmed Ali Pacha , Minister of Marino ; Mehmed Pacha ( Kibrisli ) , President of the

    punishment for that offence into a fine , varying from sixty-eight francs to four hundred francs , or imprisonment for from one to twelve months . —Art . 3 proposes that whoever shall seek by persuasion , threats , or other illicit means to lead to apostacyfrom the Swedish Church , shall be liable to a fine of from seventy francs to four hundred and forty francs , and for each repetition of the offence to imprisonment for from two to twelvemonths . — Art . 4 states that children horn before their parents have changed are to he brought up in the doctrines of the Swedish Church , and the municipal councillors are ordered to see that this prescription is carefully carried out . —Art . 5 states that no one can , in consequence of his religious profession , be released from the observance

    PRUSSIA . A Prussian note , on the subject of the Neufcuatel affair , was forwarded on the 10 th instant to the Cabinets of Paris , London , Vienna , and St . Petersburg , as well as to the Germanic Diet . It is said that in this note Prussia declares its intention to have recourse to energetic and independent action . A note signed by Baron Manteuffel , the Prussian Minister , and addressed to M . de Hatzfeldt , the Prussian Ambassador at Parie , has been published . It is to the effect that the Prussian Government shares the opinion of France and Russia that Conferences should be held for the settlement of the points under dispute , and informs him at the same time that he ( Count Hatzfeldt ) will have to represent Prussia . This note is dated as far back as the 8 tb of October .

    It is saul that Prussia is resolved on an armed intervention in Switzerland , in case the royalist prisoners shall be condemned . Military preparations are said to be already made .

    . . .- ¦ . "¦ ¦ ¦• . ¦ . GERMANY .. . , ¦ ¦ . ¦• ¦' -. ¦ A fresh pastoral letter , published by Bishop Amoldi , of Trier , contains several innovations which have not failed to make an unfavourable impression . Amongst them may be noticed the restriction of church music to the Xatin language exclusively . The pastoral letter contains the following illiberal regulations : — "No sacred music the words of which are written in the language of the country can be permitted to be performed ia any cathedral or church ; " and in another place it goes on to -say :-7- " It having come to our knowledge , and caused us sincere grief , that in various churches sacred music is sung in the vernacular , which is completely at variance with all Catholic piety and devotion , amongst which are certain odes written by profane and even heretical authors , we hereby prohibit their being sung in future ia any Catholic church or chapel in this diocese . "

    The criminal tribunal of Frankfort-upon-the-Maine , within the last few days , has tried various persons who , on the 18 th September , 1848 , were arrested in the act of throwing up barricades in . the streets of that city . They were condemned to various periods of imprisonment , none of which exceeds three years . These men have thus been detained in gaol awaiting their trial upwards of eight years !

    of all the laws in vigour in the kingdom . — -Art . 6 allows members of the Swedish Church to hold religious meetings in private housesi provided nothing takes place calculated to destroy public order . In every meeting for the purpose of religious worship , at which a clergyman does not officiate , entrance cannot be refused either to the clergyman of the parish or to the public functionaries of the neighbourhood ; and these latter can , in case of illegality or disorder , dissolve the meeting . No such meetings , however , can in any case take place , unless by a special permission , under the penalty of a fine of from sixty-eight francs to one hundred and fifty francs for the person lending his house , and of fourteen francs for each person present . "

    Tanzimat Council ; Riza Pacha , Seraskicr ; Ahmed Fcthi Fachn , Grand Master of Artillery ; Ali Ghalib Pacha , Minister of tho Mint and Private Treasury ; Chofik Pacha , President of the Council of State ; Kthem Pacha , Minister of Foreign Aflairs ; Safeti Pacha , Minister of Commerce ; Muchtar Pacha , Minister of Finance ; Ilassib Paclia , Minister of tho Erkass or Pious Foundations ; Izzet Pacha , Minister of Police ; Safot Effendi , Mustachur of the Grand Vizier , and Minister of tUo Interior . Besides this , the regular Ministry , there are six members of tho Ministerial Council without portfolios . These arc : —Raouf Pacha , Aali Pacha , Mustapha Pacha , Kiuniil Paclia , Ftmd Pachnand Arif Pacha .

    SrAIN . Tho official Gazette recently stated that no censorship of the press exists in Spain . The monstrous untruth of this assertion is shown , by the fact that gendarmes nre placed at the doors of the printing-oflicep , to control the circulation of the journals . One paper ( tho / berui ) advertizes for a largo supply of editors , aa it does not wish its readers to be a day without their paper : a plain hint that editors in Spain ar « now under continual liability of imprisonment . The Duke of Osuna has arrived at St . Petersburg from Madrid , charged with a diplomatic mission from the Spanish to tho Russian Government . SWITZERLAND . A very unliuppy affray has taken place at the elections in tho Swiss canton of Fribourg between the

    Con-, Under tho heading " Serious News , " tho Jcurmd de Constantinople has tho following intelligence : — "Onthe 22 nd of November , the Russian General Philipson

    re-Count Lavutelli 1 ms been assassinated at Bologna . The Milanese official journals of course say it was done by the Mazzinians .

    a-wrEDKN . Subjoined is an analysis of the principal provisions of a bill for the establishment of freedom of reliyious worship , which is about to be presented to the Swedish Diet :- ^ - " Art . 1 revokes the clauses and enactments of the Penal Code relative to the penalties attached to departure from tho true Evangelical doctrine , and tho profession of another fuith . These penalties were nothing less than exile and confiscation , and the persons who left tho Swedish Church almost in every case merely became Protestants of another denomination . Every Swede , however , who leaves tho national Swedish Church ia Obliged to make a formal declaration to that effect in tho rogiaters of Iiis parish . —Art . 2 revokes the enactments of the same code which entail tho penalty of exile for tho propagation of erroneous doctrines , and changes the

    Untitled Article

    December 20 , 1856 . ] THE IiEADEB . 1205

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 20, 1856, page 1205, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2172/page/5/