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    >~ r —« Leaj > er Office , Saturday , January S . SWITZERLAND . Some Royalista © f the Chaux-de-Foncl 8 have signified their willingness to co-operato with all their strength for the defence of tlieir country . They say they do not forget that they are Ncufch&tclob and Swiss . The motive of M . Furror ' a mission from Bcrno to Frankfort is said , by letters from thia last-named place , to bo the following : — " Several representatives of German Powers at Frankfort inquired if there were no means of coining to an understanding , and whether the Swiss Confederation would not bo deposed to send a delegate to Frankfort to concert measures for preventing tho armed collision which -wait about to take place . It wnsin consoqnonco of these friendly overtures that M . Furrer , tho Vice-President of tho Federal Council for 1857 , proceeded to Frankfort . A letter from Frankfort of tho 28 th of Decombor , in tho Presse of Brussels , says : — . "Itia positive tlmt Prussia has signified an ultimatum to

    Switzerland , according to -which , if by the 2 nd of January the prisoners of WeufcMtel are hot released without trial ' , the Cabinet ' of BerKir will not receive any further proposition for an arrangement , but wiH treat the decision to the fate of arm 3 , and 5 exaefcfrom Switzerland 1 &e payment of the expenses'of the war from the day when the definitive order for mobilization shall have been given . " "We are assured , " sayg the Bund , of the 28 th ult ., " that in all the communes of" the Black Forest gigantic petitions have been got up , intended to lie sent to Carlaruhe , praying earnestly that the Government wouldprevent the passage of the Prussian troops through the territory of Baden . " T * I ^ ^ ^ a . ^ s ^ ' aa ^ _

    Toe Council of State has adopted unanimously the decisions of the National Assembly . The- latter has named as Commander Dufour , who toot the oaths —• Freyherone , to he Quarter-Master-General . The National Assembly meets thrice more .

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    THE CONFERENCES . " Tery little of a positive kind , " says the Times Paris correspondent , in this day's paper , " is known of the deliberations of the Congress on Wednesday . It haB transpired , however , or rather it is rumoured , that the question of the evacuation of the Black Sea was mooted , and that the English Plenipotentiary , while admitting the principle of the evacuation , stated , that he would refer to his Government before fixing the precise date . " "A person who is well informed of what has recently been done by th « Paris diplomatists , " writes the Tijnes Vienna correspondent , " states that tbe word Bolgrad will hardly appear in the new protocol , although both the places of that name will be eeded by Eussia . The assurance has been given « ie that the evacuation of the Danubian Principalities will begin towards the end of this month ; but if the weather is as mild on the Lower Danube as it is here , it -will be impossible to move a gun . "

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    AMERICA . One or two additional items of intelligence are brought by * the last mail from the United States . At New York , a preliminary meeting to concert measures for sending relief to General Walker had been held , and another meeting at the Tabernaclo convened . Colonel Titus , of Kansas , is reported to have arrived at St . Louis , on his way to Nicaragua , with 100 men for "Walker . The New York Times publishes tho following extract from a letter from General Walker to a friend in New York . The account he gives of himself does not agree with other accounts : — " Virgin Bay , Monday , Dec . 1 .

    " x ou will doubtless get full accounts of the late events here from the newspapers . I consider that our permanent power in Central America novor has been on . as firm a basis as now , nor do I know of one single month since 1 have been in Nicaragua wherein wo have made as much progress towards final results as the month which has just ended , " I remain , with regard , &e ., " W . W-AMCER . " To ... Esq ., Now York . " Tho uneasy feeling in the South about tho negroes still continues . From Kentucky , Tennessee , Missouri , Arkansas , Louisiana , and Texas , tho local papers report more or less of alarm . Tho weather at Montreal , Canada , has been excessively cold .

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    Coixisiow wmi Tins Pouck in Ireland . —A riot occurred on tho 2 Gth ult . in King's County , between sevoral mujnnners who liad been drinking in a publichouse , and who had got quarrelling over somo old faction reminiscences . They began to light furiously , when the police interfered and were roughly used . Tho latter ¦\ vero at length obliged to load their firearms , when tho mob retreated , nnd ultimately thirteen were arrested .

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    THE LAST AND THE NEXT . The last year opened with tranquil prospects . It is true that hundreds of British cannon were still pointed from the heights of the Crimea ; but a general impression had "been created that the Allies , by accepting moderate terins , could stop the war , before it threatened danger to the European system . At the end of January , although demonstrations were still made , although myriads of shot and shell , and great flotillas of gunboats were prepared , and plans of campaigns traced , few persons believed in the necessity of a vital conflict with Russia . The Paris Council of

    IVar , the manifestoes of Moscow , the Swedish Treaty , appeared like theatrical nourishes on the part of Governments that had already resolved to incur no more rists and submit to no more sacrifices . Great Britain and Sardinia were probably sincere ; both were dissatisfied with the results of the war ; but the two Emperors , Alexander and ILoiris Natoi / eon , were tacitly agreed that not another blow should be given on either side . This was also the determination of Austria , and it gathered force from the pacific desires of the whole Germanic Confederation . The

    Conferences of Paris put a seal to the assent of the belligerent and mediating Powers , and Russia was left in her own peculiar field , to contend for a selfish and fraudulent interpretation of the Treaty . By the fall of Kara , victory had been divided between Russia , and the Allies , so that , if the capture of Sevastopol had its moral effect in Europe , the surrender of the Armenian capital had an effect much more decisive on the halfcivilized populations of Asia . The English

    nation understood this , but they understood , too , that such a monarchy and such an aristocracy as ours , in alliance with a despotism like that of the ^ French Emperor , iu deference to a host of petty GJ-erman interests , and in virtual league with Austria , could never be expected to lead a liberal war . Moreover , the blundering of our statesmen , and the incapacity of our

    generals , had damped the martial expectations of tho public . Tho Treaty of March was accepted , therefore , as the most convenient solution of the Turkish difficulty . Vague in its conditions , it left ample latitude for tho reserves of liussian diplomacy , and to the consideration of those reserves the plenipotentiaries of tho various Powers have been summoned , in tho first days of January , 1857 . From tho moment of this dubious concession on tho part of tho Cabinet of St . Petersburg , a Russian tint was perceptible in the

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    on t"Be" subject Before determining tie nature of tbe charge , against hmi . —Z&eds Mervury . RasATTsrEs of Thomson the Poet ; — Manchester Las at present a majority of the surviving relatives of the author of the " " Seasans . " There are here : two granddaughters of " Lizzy , " the sister of the poet j three great grand-daughters , and three great great grandsons —in all eight . There are only Seven other relatives living . The poet left three sisters , who married respectively Mr . Bell , the parish minister of Stratbaven ; Mr . Craig , the architect , who planned the new town of Edinburgh ; and Mr . Thomson , the rector of the Grammar School , Lanark . —Manchester Examiner . t ^^ r ^ ^ pta _ . _ T— ^ z -m ^* ^ L ¦« * % ^ F ** ^^ A ¦ ^ J 4 k L ii ¦ ¦ ii _ b « ^ ¦ a . X 1 4 -fc ^^_ — . A «™ u ¦ . ^^ J ^_ _

    Proposed- Vocal Association . —A meeting of more than three hundred an&ateurs was recently held at the Music Hall , Store-street when it was resolved that a society , to be called " the Vocal Association , " sliould be established . M . Benedict , in accepting the important position of conductor to such an association , declared his determination to cairy out the principles necessary to the proper establishment of a society , -which , he hoped , ¦ would one day occupy a very high position in the musical ¦ world ; but to enable him to do so the whole of the members must co-operate -with him , andrn truth they must do all in their power , " even , to the ma / hing some sacrifice in

    time aad personal convenience . Such was the case with the " Cologne Union" —no thing ^ was allowed to stand , in the way of their attendance at rehearsals , or attention to their duties when rehearsfng "; such he hoped would be the case with the ladies and gentlemen who had pledged themselves to such a course this evening ; and if they were faithful to their promises he did not doubt the result . —Mr . William Lockycr was then unanimously called upon by the meeting to act as secretary ,, and Mr . J . Rix as treasurer . The secretary announced that there were two hundred subscribers to the association . — A provisional committee was appointed by the meeting to carry out the intentions of the association .

    Pure Bread . —We have received a novel claimant for critical notice , in . the shape of a loaf of brtad manufactured by a Mr . E . Stevens , a baker , carrying on business in Patriot-row , Cambridge-road , who claims to sell his customers ' a . genuine article '—a pure compound of wheat , dough , and yeast . ¥ e do not keep an analytical chemist , except in our stomachs ; but that learned organ has pronounced in favour of Mr . Stevens's loaf , and its good opinion is "backed by that of the palate . If Mr . Stevens is really resolved to sell nothing but pare bread , he will deserve ' a monument to his memory—a monument of ' bakers' noses , ' which the ghost of the Emperor Antoninus ( -who was fond of those tempting excrescences ) might visit with delight . Antiquities from Kertch . ; —Among recent accessions of an interesting character to the British Museum not yet generally known to the public , the valuable collection of ancient ornaments and relics obtained from the catacombs at Kertch by Dr . Duncan M'Pherson , late Inspector-General of Hospitals , Turkish Contingent , form a new feature in the series of antiquities . ^ They are the result of the excavations carried out at his expense during the recent occupation of Kertch by the Allied armies , and the unfortunate destruction of the precious collections heretofore procured in the museum at that place has given an increased interest and value to the relics disinterred by Dr . M'Pherson , and which he has liberally presented to the national depository . They comprise , with vases of bronzo , terra eotta , and glass , ivory carvings , ornaments of gold , and other metals , including examples of a higli class of ancient Greek art , certain objects also of a later age , but of even greater interest to the English antiquary . These consist of personal ornaments of bronze , identical in form -with those found in the Anglo-Saxon cemeteries in our own . country , explored by the Hon . R . Neville and other archaeologists . The presence of these remains of so distinctly Saxon a character in the catacombs of Kertch can only bo explained by the supposition that they are vestiges of somo of the Varangian body-guards . of tho Byzantine emperors . The Anglo-Saxon origin of many of those warriors is clearly stated by Ordericus and other historians . —Literary Gazette .

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    FRANCE . The Moniteztr of yesterday announces that the Senate and Legislative Body are convoked for the 16 th of February . - .

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    BELGIUMVervaet , the tutor accused of robbery , has been found Guilty , and sentenced to iifteen years' imprisonment and hard labour ; to be previously exposed for the space of one hour in the Grand'Place , with an iron collar upon him , and his crime and sentence written over his head . The judgment also included the whole costs of the proceedings . There was a tremendous crowd in and around tbe court , who seemed to be greatly interested and excited during the whole proceedings . Vervaet , who was much dejected , was conducted back to prison under an escort of a score of gendaTmes .

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    - RUSSIA— PERSIA . " The accounts which have been given of the concentration of a considerable military force near Bakou , on the Caspian , " is confirmed . These troops are composed of picked regiments from the Caucasus . "— -Letter- from St . Petersburg in the De'bats .

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    NOTICES TO GOBKJBSPOJTDBNT& . TBeoslkb Dixon . —Tho details in question , would moreptop «( rlyap « effiPman adv 6 rti 8 e «»» tl 4 ^ £ ^ CB ^ M 43 JCEs .-TJnsuitable .. w ^^ iTTJ * ' : inucb- oblteect by tKe 6 fler , but nave riQ spawe for toe insertion of the poems * Our Correspondent on the Purchase System * in . the Arm \ f , i mil obligeus by- forwarding his name and adaresk coTuf- - denfcially , m compliance with our rule , from' wlioi- Vd never depart . H . 8 . S . has omitted to give us liis name . The lesMuaiy letters , in type on the Moon Controversy rf& shall publish as space permits , but we must consider the discussion closed in oxir columns . The . Rev . Dr . "Wolff ' s letter is unavoidably omitted this Week . - We do not undertake to return , rejected communications .

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    SATUEDAT , JANTJAKT 3 , 1857 .

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    There is nothing so revolutionary , "because thi 3 re is nothing so unnatural an . 3 . convulsive , aa the strain to keep things fixed when all the -woildiaby thevery law of its creation in eternal progress . —Db . AjtuoxD . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ + . ¦ ¦

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    jAKPABY > 3 , lL 857 , i 0 > HE I / E ABBB . a " ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ H ^^^^^^^ P

• Citation
  • Leader (1850-1860), Jan. 3, 1857, page 11, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2174/page/11/