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from eight to nine o ' clock in the morning five daya in the week . The present Bkhap of London , -who at the beginning of the year examined these lads , expressednot only his satisfaction but his astonishment at their proficiency under such circumstances . " ( Apjtlause . ') The Dean concluded by expressing hi 3 belief that education is spreading in England by tie voluntary efforts of parents and children , \ yho perceive that advancement in life depends on the acquirement of elementary knowledge 5 and this he thought is the only species of coercion -which , will be endured , in a free country like this .
A discussion ensued on the question -whether the halftime system be generally practicable , especially in the inral districts . The Earl of Carnarvon , one of the speakers , Relieved it was not . " In the first place , the half-time system started with tie supposition of a superfluity of labour . Kcw , in Hampshire—to speak of tieir own county— there is really no superfluous labour -whatever . ( Hear , hear . ~ ) He hailed this fact with sataa faction , inasmuch as ho hoped it might be taken as an index of the sound . prosperity of the county . { Applause : ) Then , in thenext place , it must be remembered that in the great towns the employed cluster round the employer ' s factory at the distance of a few hundrecVy ards , so that there is not much difficulty in getting them together , while in the country they have exactly the " reverse- Many agricultural labourers live at great distances from their work . Then again , the manufacturer is generally a man of larger means that the agriculturist , and can therefore better afford to make tlie experiment . The plan seemed to bring into collision two verv important principles—first , the principle of a love of knowledge ; and , secondly , the principle of marketable labour . And , much as one would wish it to be the reverse , when they put these two principles together , their strength was . so disproportionate , that , like the old fable , the earthen pot , when dashed against the iron pot , would be . the first that went to the wall . At the same timehs
, did not deny that there is a difficulty in ihe case ; that there is a considerable grievance , if he might so call it , on the part of labourers' children , to be remedied . It ¦ was shown that between 5000 aud 6000 children , who were mere infants , -were employed in agricultural operations , ^ and some hundreds , of thousands below fifteen . Also , it was shown that not above one-half of those who could attend school did so , and of that a half or a majority of that half left school before eleven , and almost all had left it before twelve years of age . He believed the real remedy , as far as remedy could be found for this evil , lay in a succession of small successes , such as night schools , book-hawking societies , ' attention of the -clergy , &c" .
Other members addressed the conference , after which a large party dined together at the Augel Hot-el . In the evening , the Earl of Carnarvon delivered a lecture at the Institution on . the ' Later History of the County «© f Hanta . ' „ MR . OTGRAM , M . P ., OK THE rSTHAN REVOLTMr . Herbert Ingram , M . P ., presided on Friday week at the Uickmansworth Agricultural Association . Of course ho touched on the Indian revolt , and , in doing so , observed , : — " It occurs to me that we liave been pampering the Indian army as contradistinguished from the Indian people ; and what has been the result ? "We do not find , the people of India , Imt the men whom -we have
Ibeen paying and treating with every indulgence , rise . and massacre our men , women , and children . Why was it we kept up that army ? I will tell you . It was for the sake of aggression , to add ono province to another , that so we might become the sole possessors of India . That -was , I think , the very worst policy we could have pursued , arid the next worst policy was to put arraa in the bauds of our encmifta , which they are now turning upon ourselves . It would have been better if we had had had the policeman rather than tho soldier in . India . Wo aliould never have allowed tho native troops to have been numerically stronger than the European : but instead of that we hjad thrice native regiments to ono European . The mail was not in his ' senses wfyo established that system . Again , with what kind of men -did we officer thostTtroops ? With young men of inexperience and ' unpiflhnesa '—men not having thtit kindlijiosaof human naturewhich , would lead "them , to make allowance for tie difference of couatry , colour , and of creed , and who consequently kept away from the natiyo officers , and ao made themselves disu , greoabI 6 , " ( timr , hear . ") Earlier ha tho day , Mr . Ingram delivered the prizes for ploughing , farm produce , &c , arul gave the labourers some aeixaiblu ailvico on domestic and . social matters .
A TRIAD OF GOtrNTRV MBUTENGS . Mr . Baxter addressed hW constituents at Arlwoath on Tuesday . Referring to India , ho a ' altod these questions : — " Did Lord Metcalfe , referring 'tb the condition' of the Bengal army , say , l I fear wo shall wftko up > some filie morning and find that licr Majesty has loat India ?* Woro native newspapers containing notices of widespread disaffection lulu'befbre the Council' of 1856 ? Did tho lato lamented Genoral Anson novor cease to represent to the Directors the dnngor tb roc approhendelj from tho Sepoys ]? 3 > id Lord Melville , -when ho returned home in 1550 ( I quote his own worda in tho House of Lords ) ,, oxpxosa tho greatest disapprobation of tho condition ot
the Bengal troops , and was he really told not to publish his sentiments lest foreign nations should be acquainted with the state of affairs ? 'Is Sir Charles Napier correct in stating that , in 1849 ., * a mutinous spirit pervaded some thirty Sepoy battalions in march far , or actually employed in , the Punjab ? " On this text Sir . Baxter founded a discourse condemning our rule in India . The Royal lEast Berks Agricultural Association he-Id its annual ploughing match and exhibition at Maidenhead ! on Thursday . In the evening ; there was a dinner , at which the Belgian Minister , Colonel Hood , Captain Veruon , and Mr . Roundell Palmer , M , P ,,- discoursed © n the Indian disasters—the first named with much enthusiasm and admiration of English courage and devotion .
A ' Conservative demonstration' took place at Castle Hedringham , Essex , on Tuesday evening , when the Hin « kford Agricultural and Conservative Club dined together aftex distributing prizes to Agricultural labourers and farm servants . The chief speaker was Colonel Beiesford , who , alluding to the Indian revolt , blamed the reduction of the army after the Crimean war ; upbraided what he called ' the mawkish sentimentality of those who would advocate mercy instead of justice'in dealing with the mutin&era . ; and said he thought Lord Palmerston deserved the support of the country in the present crisis .
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ACCIDENTS AND SUDDEN DEATHS . The wife of Dr . Trotter , an eminent physician at Durham , has been accidentally killed by a mistake in administering some medicLue . She ivas suffering from tic douloureux ; and Mr . Bobson , a surgeon , recommended a liniment , in the compound of which was tincture of aconite . This was applied ; but , as it did no good , Dr . Trotter went to Mr . Robson ' s surgery for some tincture of henbane , to be taken internally . Mr . Robson now ass-erts positively that Dr . Trotter asked for tincture of aconite ; but the physician denies this with equal emphasis . However this may be , tincture of aconite was supplied , and was given by tho doctor to his wife . It made her very sick , but she afterwards fell asleep , and at night said she was somewhat better . Her husband then administered another dose , and the sickness retained to so alarming an extent that Mrs . Trotter expressed some fear that a mistake had been made . On tins , Dr . Trotter huriied back to Mr . Rcbson ' s , -woke him out of his bed , and asked -what he liad sold him wliien he went to him in the morning . The fact was then discovered ; and Dr . Trotter , on relumiug home , found his wife in a dying state . She expired shortly afterwards . The inquest has terminated in an open verdict .
A woman who had » een living under the ' protection ' of Mr . Waldock , a horse-dealer residing at Edgeware , had a quarrel with him a few days ago , and , rushing out of doors , threw herself into a pond close by . Mr . Waliock pursued and plunged in after her , when the woman seized hold o > f him , and both sank and were drowned . Mr . Waldock was a man of considerable property ; and it is said that he had a . large sum of nLO » ey about him at the time , which probably caused him to sink the quicker . He had a wife from whom he had bean separated many years , and who- belongs to a tribe of gipsies ;
A girl named Amelia McCarthy , while employed , with h er mother at slop shirt-making , lias suddenly expired . The family had been m great distress , and had an abhorrence of tlie workhorse . Mr . Collier , the surgeon of Worahip-stwet , etatod that tho girl died from waa-t , exhaustion , and disease . An inquest has been held at ( Juy's Hospital on the body of Catherine Maxner , aged five yearn , tho daughter of a . labourer , living at Eaat-street , Deptford , who was loft a few minutes in the room by herself , when she began playing with the fire , which caught her clothes , and quickly enveloped her in flames Hoc scToarns attracted the attention of othor lodgers , who > ran iu , and , having extinguished the lire , conveyed her to Guy'a Hospital , where ehe died shortly after her admission The jury returned a verdict of ' Accidental death . '
An accident occurred : on the London and NartU-Western Railway on Monday morning . Na live * were lost , nor h «» any ono be « n seriously injured . When tho mall train , which left Linne-etroet , livorpool , at twentythree minutes past ten on Sunday night , had reached within a few miles of Rugby , at two o'clock on the fol-, lowing' morning , the pae&engera experienced a , very severe shock .: The : carriage next to tUo guivrd ' s breakvan had it > window & broken , end was . otherwise bo mi ^ di injured thfttit wn » taken off and left « t Rugby . The guard was very much bruisod about the head and face j but he was well enough to come on by the < traui , though not in . charge of it . Only . one gentlemen , who rooeived , a severe contusion on tlw forehead , remained at Rugby ; tli « other passengers were bruised and much ulvuken , but all went forward , No-bonoa ytGre broken . Tho enginedriver and stoker were inju-red . Ou investigation it wnfl found that ijo leea than three- coupling irons were l roken , those which attached the engine to the lireak ^ vans . T ho engine , being fchua releaaod , went cfovwarit with great Bpeed , ond it wan flPtoon m-routon before it returned . Tho cimae of tho accident i « unknown . Tlio engine of the Great Northern oxproaB mail train
got detached on Monday morning near Rugby , while going . down an incline at great speed . The driver then reversed the engine , and a collision ensued , which resulted in three of the passengers being seriousl y hurt A dreadful explosion took place a few days ago at ' tlie East Cornwall gunpowder mills , at Herodsfoot , bv which four men , named Edgecombe , Whiting , Rogers and Pett were killed . The shock was felt at Liskeard ; buildings adjoining the mills wore unroofed , and considerable damage was done . Rogers has left a widow and ten children , and Whiting was only lately married . An inquest has been held on the only body foand , the other three poor fellows having- been blown to atoms A verdict of Accidental Death -was returned , and the imv recommended that a smaller quantity of gunpowder should be kept on the premises . A similar accident occurred on the same premises threes months ago . ' An axplosion of gunpowder took place on the same day at Wheal Lovel Mine , Cornwall , by which two men named "YVeJirn and Dinnis were dreadfully injured . The former is likely to recover , but Dinnis died the same night .
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A RUSSIAN SHIPWRECK . A shipwreck , attended-with fearful logs of life is reported trom Russia . The offtdal account , printed in the Journal of St . Petersburg , says : — " It has pleased Providence I should participate in one of the greatest disasters that can happen at sea , and to make me a witness of the instantaneous and inexplicable loss of one of the vessels in my fleet . A few minutes have sufficed for a beautiful ship of the line , thoroughly seaworthy , to be engulfed by the waves dining a tempestuous night . Not a cry of distress readied us from the scene of the disaster , although -we were but four cables' length distant to windward . Xo one survives to explain to ua the cause of this unparalleled catastrophe . "On the 28 th August ( September 9 ) , four shi ps of the line , the Imperatrice Alexandra , the Vladimir , the Lefort , of 84 guns , and the Parniat Asova , of 74 guos , which were in the port of iteveH , received orders to arm and return to Cronstadt . Ten days afterwards , the Pamiat Azova quitted the roads , towed , by a steanvfrigate . The three other vessels were read y to set sail two days later ; they had water and provisions fora month , and their stowage was the same as at the end of their cruise in the preceding year ; the Lefort was thoroughly repaired at Cronstadt in 1852 . I had received instructions to profit by the ' favourable weather to set sail , without waiting for the steam-tugs . On the Dth of September ( 21 st ) , I got under sail with beautiful
weather and a favourable breeze from S . S . W ., the barometer marking 29 . 79 English . A little later , the wind freshened , and abreast of the island of Rothskar we were obliged to take in two reefs in the topsails . At half-past eight , p . m ., after passing the island of Hochland , the fleet was making more than eleven knots . The wind increasing , I ordered a third , and then a fourth reef to be taken in . The barometer being at 29 . 15 , and the weather foggy , we sailed as close as possible to the "wind , endeavouring to keep o > ur course by short tacks until morning ; each time I gave the signal for the manoeuvre . At half-past eleven , the wind shifted to the west , at midnight to the N . W ., and nt four o ' clock to the north , with squalls and snow . At daybreak , w « were near the inland of Grand-Tuters . The ileet was oa the starboard tack , the Imperatrice Alexandra a . little to windward , and the Vladimir in the wake of tbe Lefort , with four reefa in her topsails . xt distance of five miles from Tuter . * , we tacked . During our manoeuvre , the Lefort appeared to us ns if about to tack ; suddenly a violent squall laid her on her side . Though her sails were let go , she loaned over so much to larboard that we expected her nvft . sts would go , but she continued gradually to lean over till slie foundered in the short time that the Vladimir toole to tack about Tlie keel of the Lefort appeared once , and was then swallowed up in the waves . " Exclusive of tho comman-der and twelve officers , the vessel had on board 748 seamen , 58 -women , and 17 children ; nil perished .
" This disaster took place on September 10 ( 22 ) , at twenty-three minutea past seven a . m ., at live miles aud a hull" to the N . N . E . of tho island of ( Jrand-Tutcrs , at a depth of thirty fathoms . After this unparalleled catastrophe , the wind continuing to increase , we brailod up the fore-topsiula and top-g-ullant sails , and aiterwards tho main- topsails , and decided to anchor at n depth of thirty-one fathoms , letting out aft tlio caiblo of two anchors . Fifty-three hours aftcrwardB , the wind calmed , and tho steamers arriving in tho niountiine , towed U 3 to Cronstadt . " Signed by tho Itear-Admiral , " ¦ NoltDMAJf I .
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AMERICA . This chief news from America this week consists of detailed accounts of a fearful shipwreck in tho Atlantic . Tho Central America , a pnss-onger atoumcr from llttvannah to Now York , went down on tho night of Hiiuirdayi September 12 th , in a gale of unusual severity ; mui wit » her periMlieu btttwu « n four nnul five hundred pewon * , ana about two millions of dollars in specie- Tho vosn «; l Joic Havannah on tho 8 th ult ., wrthlive hundred and nnioty-
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966 Tan LEADEi . . ' rao . 394 , OwEGBsk 10 , 18 &Z
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 10, 1857, page 966, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2213/page/6/
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