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nmsty arid stale , unless-better were paid for at the rate of a halfpenny a glass ; rats scampered about the floor at night , flat lizards ran up and down the walls by day , and -vermin swarmed out of the unpicked oakuna beds which were hired for fourpence a night . If no beds were hired , there was nothing but mouldy straw to lie on . One of the incidents related by Mr . Park is like a bit out of the romances of Mrs . Badclifle : — ¦ " I was taken out of my cell , handcuffed , and , escorted by three gaolers , we proceeded down a dark passage . When at some distance , the men told me to stop , and stood whispering behind me . They then told me to go on again , and then again to stop , followed by the same whispering . This process was repeated several times , we still going through the dark passages , until I must confess the thought occurred to my inind that they were going either to make away with me secretly , or , at the very least , apply some species of torture . But , after all the whispering , and ascending and descending , and turning in the passages of the prison , we arrived at the chambers of the Procuratore Generale , or Attorney-General , where I was subjected to an 'interrogation , ' the learned gentleman ' s object being to get me to substantiate certain assertions -which he made , "When he had finished his interrogations , and the attendants were about to convey me away again , ' Take him , ' said the Attorney-General , ' the other way ; ' and lo ! I was in my cell in a twinkling , having passed through nothing but one well-lighted passage . " During this interview , the Attorney-General said that the crew of the Cagliari ought to have burst the boilers rather than permit the insurgents to land ! "When at Salerno , our countrymen were better treated . Of the Kev . Mr . Pugh , the Protestant clergyman resident at Naples , a strange story is told . " He took , " says Mr . Park , " twenty dollars away with him that had been entrusted to his care for supplying our wants , if needed , without ever proffering them . " With respect to the trial , Mr . Park says that the judge appeared to be a very good old man , leaning to the side of the prisoners ; but the telegraphic wires were always plying to the King at Gaeta , who in fact directed the trial . The Sardinian Government has laid the whole case of the Cagliari before the judgment of Europe in a long memorandum sent to its agents abroad . It is here urged that the Neapolitan Government in effect admits that the seizure of the vessel was a capture on the high seas , inasmuch as it has submitted the case to a prize court , and justifies the act by a reference to common law instead of international law , the former of which would only be applicable had the seizure taken place in the Neapolitan waters .
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FRANCE . The Council of the Order of the Legion of Honour have , after due deliberation , resolved that the order of St . Faustin , founded by the Emperor Soulouqne of Hayti , shall take its proper place among the decorations which French subjects will be permitted to wear . The Toulon fleet , which at present consists of eleven ships of the line , is to be increased to fourteen . Orders have been given that a model of the gun presented by Queen Victoria shall be cast , with a view to depositing it in the Imperial collection . Major Arnaud , a veteran of the old Imperial army , has recently died at Marseilles , his native town . The Moniteur , in its official part , contains the lnw decreeing a levy of 100 , 000 recruits of the class of 1858 . It likewise contains a law granting to the Government a supplementary credit of l , 200 , 000 f . ( 48 , 000 / . sterling ) , to be charged on the budget of 1868 , for covering the expenses of secret service ia the interest of public safety . The sum which the Emperor has subscribed to the fund now being raised for M . do Lamartine is 10 , 000 f . Prince Jdr 6 me has directed his private aecrotary to addross a letter in his name to one of the members of the committee named to rcceivo contributions , and has subacribed the sum of lOOOf . Signor Mnzssini publishes in the Engliah papers somo observations on the rotroactivity of the infamous Loi desSuspects , which ho calls a " monstrous achievement . " Ho adds : —" Hundreds of men , merchants , lawyers , r Trtrorklngsmenr « re- 'now-transpoiitod ^ fronw « yflry— J&flBH # h , locality . From the 14 th of March downwards , ovory night a convoy of prisoners has reached Marseilles , each convoy containing from thirty to forty persona . The mon thus doomod have boon generally invited , for the Bake of avoiding scandal , to the Prefecture , to hoar Homo communication rolathig to tholr privnto interests . And , this la callod a Government , a normal legal power -vyorth nlltancefl , protection , anti-consplracy-to-murder Wile » nu proas prosecutions I This wo aro callod on to respect . " An instance of police tyranny is given in a letter from Parle to the Orondtoet of Antwerp . If true ,
it exhibits a state of things little short of diabolical . The writer states : — "The surveillance of the visible and invisible pojioe is carried to such an extent in the so-styled capital of the civilized world , that its inhabitants are no longer free to receive even their friends in their own houses without previously obtaining a permission to that effect . One of the bons bourgeois of Paris , being lately about to betroth his daughter , applied to the Pre fet of Police for leave to assemble about thirty friends at the festive board of a family fete . To this application the Pre'fet replied that he would willingly grant the permission , provided the applicant increased the number of his guests by two persons to be designated by him . The dinner-room , however , not being sufficiently capacious to admit of such an increase , the Prcfet , after having verified the fact , demanded to see a list of the thirty guests , with the view of selecting two whose names could be erased therefrom ; but , having cast his eyes on the paper , he politely folded and returned it , significantly observing that all was perfectly correct , two persons already known to him being among the future guests . "
The ceremony of inaugurating the new Boulevard de Sebastopol took place at two o ' clock on Monday afternoon . The Emperor presided , the weather was highly favourable , and large crowds assembled on th « spot . The scene was a very gay one , for the houses were decorated with streamers , draperies , and inscriptions . The National Guard and the regular troops kept both sides of the way , from one extremity to the other . The Emperor was mounted on a charger with rich housings . He was preceded by half a dozen Cent Gardes , and followed by a numerous body of general officers ; but they rode at a distance of some fifty paces from him . The Empress was in an open carriage . A huge curtain , studded with golden bees and the Imperial arms , and stretched between two gilded minarets , concealed from the public the new section of the line till
the arrival of the Emperor , when , at a given signal , the curtain fell , and the magnificent vista was disclosed . The terminus of the Strasburg Railway was richly decorated ; and , in the interior , under the peristyle , was a handsome saloon , decorated -with green silk drapery and crimson velvet , for the purpose of receiving- the Emperor and Empress , who were met by the . members of the Municipal Council with an address . The Emperor warmly thanked them for the activity they had shown in the completion' of the works .- On returning to the Tuileries , lie did not go by the way he had come , but rode , with his staff of ffenerals and his six . Gardes , along the Boulevard to the Hue de la Paix , where there were no soldiers , but , probably , a great many police agents and spies . He was well received , and the occasion passed off without any disturbance .
In replying- to the address , the Emperor said : — " The Municipal Council had a manifold work to accomplish : it was first necessary to secure the financial resources of Paris , to favour new constructions , so as to be able to lodge a sudden excess of population , and , on the other hand , it was indispen sable to demolish to throw open new thoroughfares , giving light and health to unhealthy quarters , making new great arteries favourable to the development of the city , by bringing the centre closer to the outskirts . This double result has been achieved : the constructions have exceeded the demolitions tenfold ; but j-our efforts did not stop there . During the famine years , thanks to the linkers' Fund Institution , you gave the people cheaper bread . No plan of improvement or benevolence escaped you . While founding' new hospitals , you increased private charities ; you built new
churches and new schools ; you helped the supply of provisions for Paris by establishing central markets ; you commenced the purification of the city by a gigantic work of underground galleries , worthy of the works of ancient Koine ; finally y ou united to the useful what would satisfy the eye and inspire elevated aonliinontp But our task , gentlemen , is by no moans accomplished . You have approved a general plan , which is to continue what you have so well commenced . The Chambers , I trust , will shortly voto it , and thus wo shall bohold every year now arteries thrown open , populous districts rendered more salubrious , rents lessened owing to the increase of houses , tho working classes enriched by labour , poverty diminished by a better system of benevolence , and Paris responding more and more to her high culling . "
A bill is , by order of tho Emperor , to be presented to the LegiHlatlve Body for granting pensions to tho families of t ) io portions killed in the last attempt on his Majesty ' s life , and to tho persons who wore injured . "Tho Committee of the Legislative Body on the Budget , " says tho Timed Paris correspondent , " has con-, 9 i » fJ ^ JtfLPi&U ] lUB ^ luitl ( lom "" ( 1 ctl VrouilB for paying tfi ! Tiheroa ' Bd ~ c ) f sa 1 ffrlos ~ granted ~ to-certain clussos of employfo of tho Ministries , but tho committee declares that It does not think them necessary , and it proposes that tho incranse granted to persons who receive 1500 f . salary shall bu taken off , and that that granted to inferior functionaries shall not oxooed 150 f . The committee , besides , strongly recommends that tho number of functionaries shall bo considerably reduced , as it exceeds what was fixed by decrees in 1851 and 1852 ; also that the formalities observed in transacting business in tho Government offices shall bo simplified .
The committee also calls for the suppression of the au ~ mentation granted to Juges kde Paix and their clerks » Various other suggestions are mad * , of less een 6 , li interest . * "" " The Moniteur , " says the Paris correspondent of tha Daily Telegraph , " contains a long biograph y of W Cochelet , formerly French Consul at London , and ? e cently deceased , after having been , raised to be--CounJ cillor of State , and then senator . Of course , as M * Cochelet has breathed our fogs , an opportunity- ¦ « " not lost of caressing one of the darling pre } u . dices of the French nation ; and the public is in ~ formed that , although that gentleman has resided in every part of Europe , and even in Egypt , it was the climate of London that undermined his constitution . However , he managed to live until near seventy ; and would have been living now had he not been so deeply affected by the attempt of the 14 th : — « Although full of confidence in the future , the security of which an august wisdom had just guaranteed , he could not re * cover . ' What ignoble balderdash !" The French Government has been informed that Felix Pyat , hearing that he was to be arrested , together with his printer , has disappeared from London and quitted England . ITALY . The Courrier Fratico-Itidlen states that Signor Rossini has just written a new melody , or nottwno , for the violoncello , which he has presented to if . Serrais , the solo player . The insignificant town of Lantona , in the Duchy of Massa , has been declared in a state of siege , and occupied by sixty Modeuese soldiers . Madame Orsini has left Paris for Italy . The friends of Italian liberty have subscribed for her the sum of 2500 francs , -which were put in her hands at the moment of departure . The subscribers are mostly English . A decree of the King of Naples , dated Thursday , allows Park to return to England , lie is acquitted . The Piedinontese Gaztttt , containing Orsini ' s letter , ¦ was stopped at the post in Lombardy . AUSTRIA .
The funeral ceremonj' of Count Gorskowski , general of cavalry and Governor of Yen ice , recently deceased , took place on the 22 nu ult ., with great splendour . The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian , the Commander-in-Chief of the Lombardo-Venetian forces , and other persons of eminence , were present . The Austrian garrison of Bologna has been reinforced , owing to the fear of . an insurrection in the Legations . The demolition of the fortifications at Vienna has begun . These constructions were commenced three hundred and thirty years ago by Maximilian I ., at the time of the advance of the Turks on Vienna , but were not completed until 1 G 63 , under Leopold I . rORTUGAI-. The Louie ; Administration , finding it impossible to retain office with the existing Parliament , has resolved ott a dissolution . SPAIN' . In the sitting of the Congress , on the 30 th ult ., Senor Gonzalez de la Vega called on the Government to giva explanations respecting the fusion of the two branches of tho royal family , which , he said , according to report , was on the eve of being concluded . The Minister of Public Works said that he would obtain information on the subject , and answer on a future'day . Soiior Gonzalez do la Vega expressed surprise that tho Government should not bo informed on a matter of so much importance , especially aa some of tho journals had referred to it , and been soized for so doing . TUltlvEY . - Omar Pacha , who haa been sent into the iyniet ; w Bagdad , mot with resistance at hU entry into that . ciiy , and a fight took place in tho streets , ia which uw aujutant was killed . . , Tho Archbishop of Suloniki , having refused the pai « - archnl seat at Alexandria , has been ordered t « eomow Constantinople . „ ,, ,, « „ According to lottors from Bosnia , in tho 1 oat G « w «« of Frankfort , tho Mahometan lamlowners contlimfl i « subject tho Kayaha to gross exactions , and w- ™ Com moat cruelly . Amongst other thiutf * , it > " « that forty inhabitants of tho village of M . mneo , m district of Novliun , not being ablo to pay what ««» quired , wore stripped of their clothes , tied two uj ^ to treos , had water poured over them until it llu / l > ,, i were then left , covered with ice , tlurliitf n whole fe Tho next morning three had diud , ami suvi-rai ou woro in a dangerous state . , Tho railway from Smyrna to Aldin wiw o | h J " ^ tlie-4 JartUU . Jnah «^ pro « lKSLj £ jLi ^^ delighted crowd , and with tho aoeomp' » ll ) n 1 Jnt ° " inutile and other honours . somo of Tho Turkish Governor of Broussa ih «« I'J » i ° " m tho Athenian pupors to havo committed eonio m ™ , acts of violence on tho Greeks of that town , i L * It ia said , not merely expols tho ( Jruoks , > ui ^ those ho dislikes , or has them ae rmattuiutuu vy servants . . , i , oen Tho colobratod chief Qhouinn , of Tilpol " . has killed in an action with tho Pacha ' s troops ,
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342 THE . . IiEADE R . [ No . 4 , 20 , April 10 , 185 a
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CONTINENTAL , NOTES . That narrow and unchristian feeling ia to be condemned which regards with jealousy the progress of foreign nations , and cares for no portion ot the human race but that to -which itself belop . ga . Da . AKNOLD .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), April 10, 1858, page 342, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2238/page/6/
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