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THE LEADER .
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REVIEW OF THE WEEKHOME INTELLIGENCE . PAGE Imperial Parliament 510 Gatherings from Law and Ponce Courts 517 Criminal Record 517 Accidents ... < . 51 £ Naval and Military , ... . .. 517 FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE . Continental Notes 518 General Summary Jl JJ . • POLITICAL FOREBHADOWINGS .... 0 ^ 0 ELECTION INTELLIGENCE ... 524
LITERATUREChronicle of the Week .. ... ' .. 524 Literary Remains of Rey . Mr . Jones ... , 524 Dictionary of English Literature . 526 Facts and Scraps 527 Postscript 528 PUBLIC AFFAIRSThe Dissolution ,. 529 Coutcss or no Confess ? ........ 529 Lord Ward and Dudley 529 Political-Condition of Tuscany .. 530 Mill on Political Science . 531
FINE ARTSSociety of Painters in Water-Colours '¦ .... — v" • • • 533 New Society of Painters in Water-Colors . ... 533 ORIGINAL CORRE 9 PONDENCEKrance : ¦*•• • } J 2 ? Germany . < w THEATRES AND ENTERTAINMENTS- - Royal Italian Opera * Drury-lane 534 Haymarket «** Theatrical News General Post-office o&i Miscellaneous 5 tJ °
INDIA AND INDIAN PROGRESSClerks , Foolscap , and Governors 536 Notes on Indian Progress ... ...... 536 Latest Indian Intelligence ...... 537 COMMERCIALWhat Determines the Price of Gold ? 538 Money Market and Stock Ex- change 539 General Trade ltcpoi-t 53 tt Hohic , Colonial and Foreign I'roduce Markets 540 Railway Intelligence ,. 540 . Joint Stock Companies ,. ¦ 540 Stocks and Shares 541
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' T > ARLrAMENT was prorogued on Tuesday , Jl and to-day it is to be finally dissolved , to be replaced by a new assembly , to meet on the 5 th of May . The act of prorogation was performed by commission , the so-called Royal speech being written and spoken by Mr . Disraeli . It is , upon the whole , the most remarkable Royal speech of modern times . That no allusion whatever should have been made in it to the state of affairs on the Continent is not surprising , seeing the extreme difficulty in which these affairs are involved , and considering the delicacy with which it is necessary to handle them ; but that not one word should have been devoted to the subject of Reform is a very remarkable fact . The reasons assigned for the dissolution are ,. " the difficulties which have been experienced in carrying on the business of the country , as indicated in the fact that within little more than a year two successive administrations have failed to retain the confidence of the House of Commons , " and her Majesty is made to invoke Divine Providence to aid her in conducting the government of the country , " under the advice of a Ministry possessed of the confidence of her Parliament and her people . " A very few weeks will decide as to whether her Majesty ' s prayer has been granted or not . The second , and perhaps the more important feature of t he week ' s Parliamentary proceedings , was the explanation given by Lord Malmesbury and Mr . Disraeli , on Monday night , on the subject of the present Continental difficulties . Neither Lord Malmesbury nor Mr . Disraeli spoke hopefully of the aspect of affairs , and subsequent events have accorded with the tone * adopted by both speakers . Lord Derby went beyond them both . He had evidently no belief in the maintenance of pence , although determined to continue the attempts which have been made by Lord Cowley to smooth away tho difficulties " which have started up at every stop of the way towards the assembling of tho Congress . Looking to tho probability that there will be war , Lord Derby has struck a note that should vibrate alarm throughout tho country . If war comes , it will be a war of passion and principle , a bloody "war that will rapidly over-run its original bounds , to which ovury kingdom in Europe mny , sooner or later , find itBGlf mndeaparty . The duty of this country , he says , is to maintain a strict neutrality ; but , ho adds , " our neutrality , ns long us it lasts , must to a certain extent , bo an armed neutrality , enabling us to toko our pnrt on that side , . whatever It may bo , which tho honour , tlio interest , and tho' dignity of tlio country may indicate as the bost deserving of our support . "
The tenour of the public intelligence , up to Wednesday night , was favourable to the hope that , at all events , the assembling Congress was decided upon . The admission of Sardinia to the Congress , it was said , had been conceded by Austria ; the proposition for a general disarmament had been accepted by all the Powers concerned , and a coinmission was to be formed for carrying out the arrangement ; but , on Thursday , the whole aspect of affairs was changed . Almost simultaneously with the publication of a telegram stating that England , France , Russia , and Prussia had agreed to the terms upon which the Congress should meet , and as to the measures for carrying out the proposition of a general disarmament , we received the astounding news that Austria , utterly , disregarding the other great'Powers , had commanded General Gyulai to present an ultimatum to the Sardinian Government * requiring the immediate disarmament of Piedmont and the disbanding of the volunteers that have lately gone over to . Piedmont . Three days were given to the Piedniontese Government to decide ; at the expiration of that time , if the demand was refused , or an evasive answer returned , war was to be declared . Upon the receipt of this intelligence , a Cabinet Council was held at Downing-street , and the result is believed to have been the transmission of a strongly-worded protest against the precipitate course taken by the Government of Austria . The effect of the news on the French Government was to induce the immediate movement of troops towards the Sardinian frontier , and a part of the Army of Paris received orders to hold itself in instant readiness to depart for tine South . Even while we write , the period of grace dictated by General Gyulai has elapsed ; tho white-coated Austrian hordes may be swarming the roads towards Turin , but in fqrty-eight hours , or less , we shall know whether the dreadful game of war has been commenced . Woe to Austria if she has yet drawn blood !— -but if she has not , there is yet hope that reason may win a nobler battle than ever can be won by cold stool and withering gunpowder . But , in any ense , tho " part " o'f this country in a great Continental convulsion is . that of neutrality , a part from which nothing but real danger to her honour and interest ought to bo permitted to divert hor in the slightest degree . In ( lie midst ; of tho gathering events , there oomes from Paris tho report of a now attempt against the life of tlio Emporor , this timo instigated by the secret "society calling itself tlio " Marianne . " Every effort has boon made by tho polico to stifle publicity , but enough appears to havo found vent to show that the police , in spite of their numbers and of tlio extensiveness of their spy-system , wore in utter ignoranco of tho plot until tho morning before the day on which tho murderous attempt wa& to havo been made , namely , the day on which ¦ # > i
the Emperor went to the Opera Comique to see the first representation of Meyerbeer ' s new opera . The man indicated in the letter as having been drawn by lot to assassinate the Emperor , was arrested in the church of the Petits Peres , and , at present nothing more is'known of him than that he is a religious enthusiast . The home news is confined , in point of interest , to the election proceedings throughout the country . Two of the most remarkable gatherings of the week have been at the Lpn don Tavern , to hear Lord John Russell explain his views on the Reform question ; and at Carlisle , to hear Sir James Graham on the same topic . Lord John Russell ' s address was made especially remarkable by the - 'arguments he used in support of his claim to be allowed an independent action . Like his friend , Sir James Graham , he seems to have done with notions of " finality . " He refuses to . bind himself to any set programme of reform ; but he does it on a ground that is very hopeful for the country . It is a striking , fact that Lord John Russell should emphatically quote those memorable words of Sir Robert Peel , pronounced by him in 1846- — "I will not be guided or controlled by my observations of 1 S 42 . " This is surely a new starting-point in ' the' political life of Lord John . At Carlisle , Sir James 'Graham made one of his most characteristic speeches ; and a vast assemblage held up their hands for him , in spito of his unreadiness to vote for the ballot ; but , then , he offered them his nephew for the others-eat ; and his nephew , who k not pledged ' to " pin his faith " to his uncle ' s sleeve , goes in for the ballot without any reserve . In connexion with Parliamentary affairs , we have had a letter from Captain Carnegie , indignantly protesting against the statements made by Sir John Pakington , in answer to Sir Benjamin Hall . Captain Carnegie shows pretty clearly that ho was coerced . He admits that ho accepted a seat at tho ' Board of Admiralty on condition that he should endeavour to get himself into Parliament ; - but that , -with the Ministerial Reform . Bill "like a millstone about his neck , " he found it was useless attempting to got elected for such places an Dover or Devohport . He represented hit ) views to the First Lord , and also that he had hopes of finding an opening in somo other direction ; whereupon Sir John JPakington lost patience , and told him that ho had " no option , " 'and wont out of ( ho room to attend a Cabinet . Captain Carnegie wont out to write his resignation . Tho news brought by the JJombny niuij k of very little importance . The great insurgent chieftains still manage to osoape capture , and tho troops that havo driven them into their rot rout * nro being dispersed by tho Coinnmndor-i-Ji-t'Jiioi : . \ t Bombay , a grand public entertainment uwaiCs tho return of one portion of tho Kuropoiin f ' un ' joi * . One part of the news will be road with interest ; it . is tho account of tbo Nuwub of Fcrriickahud'ii trial for tho murder <> f a number of European men , women , and children ,, at the outset of tho insurrection , This wrotoh > crime ham boon brought homo to him , and ho has been condemned to bo hanged , tho sentence awaiting the confirmation ol ' tho Governor-General , who was at Calcutta . . ., V . L ' . ii . lit . i , l . ii ^ WiAMUitfMMfiB
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), April 23, 1859, page 515, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2291/page/3/
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