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several of the second battalions of regiments serving inlndia will be employed in this service- - . A eonrt-martial has been held on board the Victory , in Portsmouth harbour , for the trial of Oeutenant-Coirimander John Binney Scott , Mr . Moss , second master , and Stephen Gruett , ordinary seaman ( lookout-man on the night in question ) , for the loss of her Majesty ' s screw steam gunboat Jaseuri After hearing the evidence against Mr . Moss and Gruett , and their defence , the Court acquitted the prisoners . Lieut . Scott was also acquitted . The master and gunner were recommended to the Admiralty for their conduct after the wreck . called the
A splendid 91-gun steamer , Eeyenge , lias been launched from Pembroke yard . The process of rigging will commence at once , and she will then proceed to Plymouth for commission , she having been fully fitted for sea while' on the stocks . She has been about four years in hand , and is rather an improvement on the Renown , to which she is a sister ship . During the past eighteen months the channel coast has been fortified in a most effective manner . Old and doubtful guns have been superseded by ordnance of a superior descriptionj and the Martello towers , erected during 1808 , are in a most efficient condition . At Dover , the East Cliff is mounted with i » ew batteries . Hy the is fortified with guns of large calibre , and Brighton and other stations on the southern coast hav « each received two complete field batteries of 18-pounders for their defence .
The men of the Boyal Engineers , belonging to the survey companies stationed in various parts of the country , have arrived at Chatham , for the purpose of being put through a course of instruction -with the Lancaster rifle . A return has been made of the number of men voted for the navy , army , and ordnance services , and the stms voted for each , from 1816 to 1858 , distinguishing the effective and non-effective votes ; and- for the commissariat during the same period . In the year 1817 the army and navy were reduced to the peace establishment , the number of men voted for the army being 92 . 600 , and for the navy 19 , 000 , while about 10 millions were voted for the secondThe
for the first service , 7 £ . general tendency of : the voters for . the next few years was to decrease the strength of the army . JProm 1822 the number of men voted for the land forces is continually augmented , until from 71 , 779 in the army , and 7 , 260 in the ordnance , it reaches , an 1850 , 103 , 254 in the army , and 14 , 123 in the ordnance ; The numbers continue rising , till in 1857 they reach 246 , 716 for the army and ordnance . The numerical strength of the navy , meanwhile , was increased from 19 , 000 in 1817 , to 45 , 000 in 1854 ; while the votes for that service , although fluctuating a gotd deal , are no more in the latter than in the earlier years ; but in 1856 reach nearly 19 millions , the number of men being increased to 70 , 000 .
Remonstrances having been made as to the great injustice inflicted on licensed victuallers , by the small allowance made on account of the billeting of soldiers , General Peel has issued an order raising the allowance under this head from l £ d . a-day to 4 d . a-day for each soldier .
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CONTINENTAL NOTES . FRANCE . The Monitour of Thursday contained the following statement : — " England has made to the four other great Powers the following propositions : —1 . To effectuate previous to the Congress a general and simultaneous disarmament . 2 . The disarmament to be regulated by a military or civil commission independently of the congress . Thiri commission to toe composed of six commissioners , one of whom to be a Sardinian . 8 . As soon as the commission shall have commenced operations the congress should assemble and proceed ten the discussion of political questions . 4 . That the representatives of the Italian States should bo invited by the congress ,
immediately after its assembling , to take their seats ¦ with the representatives of the great Powers absolutely , as at the Congress of 1821 . France , Russia , and Prussia have given in their adhesion to the prouosals of England . " „ A It is said that the warlike manifesto of Austria finds the Emperor of the French not quite ready for the field . About six woeks longer would have sufficed to comploto his preparations . In the meantime , Zd France Ccntrale is permitted to announce ¦ that , in case of war , the staff of the army will bo composed as follows i ^ -Tho Emperor , Commandox ' - inrCmof \ GeneralCanrobert , Majpr-Generalj GenovoX Noill , General do Service -, General I ^ ehouit , . Commissioner of the Artillery j General do Mftrtinforey , Ohluf of the Staff . " All the cavalry regiments going to Africa have
been ordered to leave their horses behind them , and to supply themselves with others in Algeria . The 2 nd regiment of the foreign legion , 2 , 400 strong , coming from Africa to do garrison duty at Nismes , has landed at Marseilles . Immediately on their arrival , a conference took place between the district general and the mayor of Nismes about the means of lodging the men . Some of them are to be quartered in buildings belonging to the customhouse . The Journal du Havrestates that orders have been sent to Toulon for the immediate preparation of 3 , 000 " marine bags . " These bags , as is well known , comprise all the necessary outfit for a sailor . All naval officers oh leave of absence have received orders to return to their posts with the
shortest possible delay . Within the last few days large supplies of sugar , coffee , rice , and other pTOvisions have been sent into store at Toulon . On the other hand , however , the Ocean of Brest , of the 12 th , says that the second division of the squadron , which had received orders to sail for Toulon " tomorrow , " is detained , pursuant to fresh instructions . A naval division , under the command of Vice-Admiral Jehenna , has sailed from Brest for the Mediterranean , and Rear-Admiral Jurien de la Graviere has gone to Toulon , and , it is said , that he will be intrusted with an important command . The journals of Nantes and Bordeaux confirm the news given by the Journal du Havre , of a levy of sailors in all the ports ; the order was received at Brest
some days since . . General Fanti , of the Piedmontese army , avIio recently came to France on a special mission , has just left Paris for Tiirin . During his stay at Paris he had several interviews with the Emperor and with Prince Napoleon , who , it is said , will be sent immediately to Berlin , in the hope of counteracting the effect of the Austrian Archduke Albert ' s mission there . . In the columns of a morning contemporary , on Wednesday , appeared an extraordinary story of a new plot against the Emperor ' s life , got up by the to have
terrible . ' " Marianne" association . It was come off at the Opera Cbmique , had not the tender conscience of a conspirator led him to give information in time . Several letter carriers belonging to the Paris post are said to be implicated in the business . " Gigantic efforts , " says our contemporary , " have been made by the police to maintain the strictest secrecy upon the subject . Some bird of the air must surely carry these matters in Paris , for every particular concerning the attempt has transpired . " The "bird , " we suspect , belonged to the genus canard .
AUSTRIA . The hopes of the friends of peace , that a rupture would be avoided , are reduced to the lowest ebb . It seems questionable whether the combined influence of England and Prussia will be sufficient to prevent Austria carrying out her threats against Sardinia . On Thursday the news arrived that General Gyulai lias been ordered to present an ultimatum to the Sardinian Government , requiring disarmament , and the sending away of the volunteers from the various to 60000
Italian states , amounting , it is said , , men . If these terms are refused , war is to be declared in three days . Two more divisions of the Austrian army of 80 , 000 men have been ordered to the Ticino . The English proposal for a Congress upon the same conditions as that of Laybach has been refused . A telegram received by Mr . Reuter gives an abstract of a statement in the JJrjesden Journal of Thursday , corroborating the foregoing intelligence so far as regards the extent of time said to be given to Sardinia for reflection .
A letter from Vienna says the French journals have asserted that the financial distress of Austria is so great that she was obliged to take possession of the reserve of the Bank . That affirmation is quite erroneous ; and what is more , the journals in question , in their manner of announcing * he intelligence , havo fallen into a blunder which betrays their ignorance . If war should burst out , and money were wanted , an appeal from the Emperpr . to his subjects would suffice to procure immediately whatever he might require . The Austrian Minister at Copenhagen , Count Karoly , who only returned to Vienna a few days ago on leave of absence , has been sent on a sudden and
special mission to St . Petersburg . The object entrusted to this diplomatist is to secure , by a binding treaty , the neutrality of Russia in case of war . A letter from Trieste , dated the , 10 th inst ., says , " There will be shortly 00 , 000 troops assembled at Venice , and the Government , moreover , retains the Southern Hallway for the exclusive service of the War department . Besides the order of the day of General Gyulai posted in the barracks , others have been published , in which allusion ia made to the dofeat of the Austrinns at Marengo , a defeat which * the soldiers of the present army will shortly avongo . ' A forced loan of 600 , 000 , 000 fl ., and an increase of 80 per cent , on the taxes are spoken , of . It is further reported that a family council was hold at Vienna
at which the Archduke John censured the policy of the Government in strong terms . " The shipehandlers of Trieste have received orders from Iiondon to be prepared for the arrival of English men-of-war . The Austrian Government has hied six Austrian Lloyd steamers . The Austrian army now in garrison at Milan is only 25 , 000 strong , and there are C , 000 troops in Pavia , but reinforcements are expected . The wall * of the two great towers of the castle of Milan have been raised more than thvee yards , and are now provided with artillery . A regiment of mounted polic e has been formed . At night Milan swarms with patrols . The inhabitants pass between two rows of soldiers when they return home late . They ought at least to be saluted :
The naval commander of Trieste has received orders to transport to Veruda two old ships , in order that they may be sunk at the mouth of that port . Veruda is about two miles from Pola . A letter from Vienna speaks thus of the Austrian army in Italy : —The army is in good condition and well equipped ; but it has not a martial aspect , and the generals themselves admit the fact . Not a soldier has seen real service or smelt powder . There is no moral cohesion among the men . They would fight bravely ; but at the first defeat they experienced would cry , " It ' s all over with Austria , " perhaps it might be . Even thedouaniers desert and come into Piedmont . The soldiers not only do not receive war remuneration , but are \ cry irregularly paid .
PRUSSIA . A letter from Berlin says , the Archduke Albrecht of Austria is still there , and his mission has been attended with the most complete success . He has signed a military convention ¦ with Prussia , by which the latter engages to send to the Rhine an army of 280 , 000 men , under the personal command of the Prince Regent , if the present negotiations for maintaining peace should fail . The contingent of Bavaria ( 69 , 000 )) , and the eighth federal army corps ( Wurtemberg , Baden , and Hesse-Darmstadt , together 60 , 000 men ) , with the other contingents , will receive orders to hold themselves in readiness to march .
A Belgian paper states that the Emperor of Austria and the Prince Regent of Prussia will shortly have an interview at Teschen , on the frontiers of Bohemia and Saxony . News of the following offer of mediation has been received from Berlin , under date of the 19 th inst . ; Prussia offers , if possible , in conjunction with England , to conclude a treaty with Austria to the following effect : 1 . Austria either to terminate her special treaties With the Italian States , or to convert them into simply defensive alliances , but under all circumstances to renounce and give up the right of active interference in the internal affairs ot the Italian States-which she now claims in virtue of
, these treaties . 2 . Austria to recognise , as the future guide of her Italian policy , the principle ot non-intervention . 3 . To reduce her pretensions to the occupation of Piacenza to the simple right , stipulated by the treaty , of maintaining a military garrison there . 4 . To evacuate the Roman Legations at the same time that the French withdraw thentroops from the city of Rome and Civitn Yccchm . 5 . To guarantee that no attack shall lie made on lie territorial possessions of Sardinia , if that power give . a similar guarantee not to disturb the Italian poswnscnt to
sessions of Austria . And flnalljv «• ¦* ° a general , European Congress , in order to come to ii mutual and pacific understanding tor u * mrnWe settlement of the States of Italy , ImihchI upon the territorial and sovereign rights jruarnn eel by the existing treaties . On the other hnnii , w Austria will accede to these conditions , 11 im i i , eventually supported by England , bi nds-horn-Iti J . As a set-off against these , concessions to intUito France and Sardinia to keep the ponce : 2 . Joopposoany armed -intervention in Jtlll > on . thojmit w fcronce , if needful , In adequate military nsws unu , and 3 . As the ally of Austria , to declare jwn French troops begin
against Franco as soon as the to cross the Alr > s . . , ,..,. 1 The latest intelligence is of an alnwninu ¦ Wntf . The Prussian Gazette of Thursday mys , tImt lira assembling of the Congress is becoming mo 0 « « more . doubtful , ivnd that , the state of nttnirB 1 haw j assumed a most serious aspect , it mdilces the r »¦ slan Government to think that it is . u pro wi J to make proposals to tho Federal Hot toi t la <>' poso of taking general measures for us « wn and safety . Government hMprwodod iw j « by ordering three corps d ' armee ( 70 , 000 men ; u > » placed on a war , footing . sakmnia
. . n At , a Council of Ministers hold at J . 111 , ^ Tuesday , at which tho King was present , t « _ « 8 1 solved fliat in order to give to Europe 11 , n tho desire of Sardinia to remove the < "i » [ J which delay the meeting of a OongroBB , N "« ' ^ yields to the demand of England nnd Sronco , « m
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sm ^ '¦' . . ; ' - yX ^^ ' ^ -I ^ A 3 fe 3 EBy .:-.. ¦ ¦ ¦¦ . ¦• • [ No . 474 r April 23 , 1859 .
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Leader (1850-1860), April 23, 1859, page 518, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2291/page/6/
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