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been taken when a Swiss regiment of 2 , 000 men with three pieces of artillery , under the command of Col . Schmid , approached ' . the city , and at twelve o ' clock they vrere already at the Ponte S . Giovanni . In this little faubourg they made a short halt and levied a contribution on the inhabitants of 2 , 000 scudi . They then sought for a certain Rossi , who a few days before had offended some Papal gendarmes who fled from Perugia on its adhering to the national cause . Rossi was absent , but they killed his servant and sacked the house . At thehouse of Francesco Angelotti , president , they did the same , killing his servant , wounding his coachman , and emptying his wine barrels . Two other individuals were kSled in this faubourg , and their
dead bodies thrown into the Tiber . A little after two o ' clock p . m . the Pontifical column moved onwards ascending by the Strada Vecchia towards the city . Half an hour after the first shots were fired , and these became more frequent as the assailants neared the walls ; there were some killed and wounded on both sides . At about six o ' clock two companies of Papal troops , concealed behind the high hedges , wound their way unobserved close by the walls of the first line of circumference , and there choosing a spot where the wall is somewhat lower , they introduced themselves into the garden of the Cassinensi monks of S . Piero . They found in this garden a good number of armed citizens . These made an obstinate resistance until overwhelmed
by the numbers of their antagonists , who continued to pour in without opposition from the other side ; they then retreated but of the city by a small door in the convent wall . Haying learnt what was going on in the convent from those who defended the post of Frontone , they made their Way . back into the city uniting with the defendants of the gate of S : Piero . It is said that a fanatic partizan of the papal party , whose name is
unknown , had informed the enemy of the presence of the citizens in the convent garden . But the greatest impetus of the attack was directed against the S . Piero gate , on which the artillery was brought to bear . Meanwhile , in the borgo of S . Piero , the house of Santarelli , from which the inhabitants had escaped , was sacked and burned ; that of Serafini shared the same fate , and the wife of the salt-merchant , Casali , was put to death . _ In the same borcro it is said that the dealer in wine ,
Basti , with his wife and a woman with a young child , were also butchered , and the inhabitants threatened with death if they attempted to extinguish the flames which spread from house to house . At about seven o ' clock the Perugini , hopeless of succeeding in their defence , and unwilling to prolong useless bloodshed , reared a white ilag on the walls opposite to Porta S . Piero ; the citizens then retired into their houses , the shops were closed and the gate was opened * The Pontificali entered discharging their guns , and having found two custom-house oflicers Cesattori dei gabelli ) , they shot
them down without further ado . A girl , who imprudently presented herself at a window , was shot clead instantly . In the meanwhile a deputation from the municipality , preceded by a white flag , advanced to parley with the Pontifical commander . The ilag was earned by the secretary of the coinuna ( town council ) . Not far from the Corso , and while still under the trees , the deputation was assailed by a discharge of musketry which killed the secretary , and the others were forced to fly for their lives .. The city being thus taken , the work of Sacking the town began in borgo S . Piero with accompanying murder and robbery . Among the victims of the soldiery were the blacksmith Ijazzerini , with his wife and aged mother ; the tobacconist Bupnramei . and his wife ; in Cusa
Polwas gone ; the soldiers rushed about m every direction , firing off their guns , setting fire to the Cafie of Amari , and then killing a poor idiot , destroying every thing in the Caffe of Campi , and in the chemist ' s shop , which Sebastiani Belhicci had kept open in order to render succour to the wounded . In the sack of Palazzo Ram ' eri , the porter was left dead ; two women were killed on their way to Porta Nuova . Terrible scenes were at the same time passing in other quarters of the city . Shots were fired at the hospital , to which the wounded were carried , and this , notwithstanding that a black flag had been hoisted . A Papal deserter ( a fusilier ) , was dragged out of the hospital by force , and shot . The wounded and infirm who were able to move , sought for safety by hiding themselves under their beds . .
are placed in safety our steps shall next be turned to Xbmbardy . . " Bologna , June 24 th , 1859 . " Signed by I * - Tanari , A . Montanari , G . Malvezzi , Giunta of Central Provisional Government . '' We subjoin the following document received from Rome : — June 21 st , 1859 . " Order of the day of the First Division of Pontificaltroops . — ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦
_ __ ___ _ , _ " Perugia has fallen ; the Pontifical government is re-established . yesterday at 7 p . m . your companions * my brave soldiers , entered the city after s fire which lasted for three hours without intermission , A fierce defence did not intimidate them The Frontone di S . Pietro , and the gate of the .-same name were taken by assault . The courage of all th < troops who took part in the action , as their worthy commander , Col . Schmid informs me , was above alJ praise . Honour , then , be rendered to these brav <
soldiers , and may we take them as a noble and generous example ! While I feel proud to announc * this glorious fact to you I cannot conceal how grieved I am not to have shared their sufferinge during seven days' forced march , and the dangers oi the battle . I am , however , a soldier , and as such ought to give an example to all of the sacrifice ofnry own will . Signed , —De Gregorio , Commander of the First Division . "
Colonel Schmid has been promoted to the rank of general . Letters from Romagna describe the indignation of the people at this fresh proof of what may be expected from the Papal government . The passions , which had . with difficulty been calmed by a sense of the paramount duty oi uniting their forces in the war of independence threaten to burst out afresh . It is with difficulty that the most judicious men and those who exercise the greatest influence over popular feeling can restrain the burst of indignation which seeks for satisfaction and revenge . It is with the deepest regret that the moderate and truly national party see the fruit of their exertions in the cause of union and forbearance threatened at the moment when . it is most necessary for the defence of the country .
The nig ht was now far advanced , but the work of p lunder still went on . At last came the order to cease ; but , under pretence of wanting provisions ^ the soldiers broke open the shops and carried off whatever they could lay their hands upon , without offering payment . On the following morning , the 22 nd , orders were issued for a general disarmament ; and perquisitions and arrests were made . It is said that at the instigation of the fanatic before referred to , the Pontefici returned to make fresh search in the monastery of the Cassinensi , and having found some townspeople still concealed they , arrested several , and killed others , tog-ether
with some of the monks , and destroyed the convent and the rich library . On the night of the 22 nd , the houses of Baron Danzetti , Baldini , and Calderoni , were sacked . Two guards at Porta Nuova were shot , and the people were kept in constant terror of perquisitions and executions . The number of persons put to death after the surrender of the city is said to exceed forty , being greater than that of those who fell in the defence . All who were able to save themselves by flight have escaped into Tuscany , and met with a brotherly reception at Arezzo , Cortona , and the surrounding villages . . ¦ ¦ ' .. _
Thus did Colonel Schmid replace Perugia under the Pontifical government . With these words the Tuscan newspaper closes its narrative . " It has been asserted by the Giornale di Roma , in extenuation of this most intolerable act of the Papal Government , that a person had been sent to Perugia from Rome , summoning the city to return to its allegiance , and that the summons was disregarded . This , however , appears to be untrue , as no formal summons to surrender was made previously to the
appearance of the Papal troops . Committees have been formed at Florence , Cortona , and other cities for furnishing assistance to the victims of this horrible calamity , the consequences of which are not likely to end here . Perugia , which had sent the flower of its youth to the battle-fields of Lombardy , and was thus exposed defenceless to the vengeance of a mercenary and lawless soldiery , has the strongest claims on the assistance of those whose example the thoughtalas , erroneously !—she might Tollow with impunity ; ignorant , perhaps , of the fact that subserviency to the Papal See was the fate to which
she was doomed by her vicinity to Rome . An attempt will , however , he made to replace the tricoloured flag once moro on her gates . Volunteer corps are preparing to inarch from Bologna to her rescue . The swords which were unsheathed to meet the Austrians in Lombardy will not be less well employed in , driving the Papal cuthroats from the scene ortheir ' infhmous exploits . The following js the proclamation issued on the 24 th of June by the Bologna Giunta : — " To the People of the United Provincos and Cities of Bologna . _ . . . . , ,., defenco
" Citizens!—Perugia , after a desperate , has fallen into the hands of barbaro us mercenaries , who in thoir quality of Pontifici have sacked the city with unheard of cruelty . Yesterday they fled when the national banner was unfurled . To-dat / thoy menace free cities which have risen to defend the sacred cauae of Italy . Shall we remain helpless , indifferent spectators of the slaughter of our brethren ? Shall wo leave the cities dofoncoloss which have united themselves to us ? ¦ This would bo cowardly and faithless . Let those noble youths who are not already enrolled in tlio regular troops or among the volunteers , follow the impulse of their patriotism and inscribe thoir names wherever registers are opened . Thoy shall have commanders , arms and munition , and in a few days thoy will bo ready to
march . . . " The war of independence is our final nim , but our first duty is to dofend our homes . When these
lidory they killed the milliner Teri while she was imploring them to spare tlio honour of the young girls , her apprentices , one of whom was wounded . They wounded the aged Temporini after having robbed him of 4000 scudi . Entering the inn , kept by Storti , thoy destroyed the furniture , killed the innkeeper , the waiter and a boy , whose bodies they flung into the street . The whVof Starti would have shared her huaband ' s fate had she not taken refuge with an American family who protected Uor . It is said that tho cabinet-maker Fabbretti was killed under tho eyes of his wife , and that the young hostess Crociani was massacred in her bettola ( public-house ) . Tho progress of the Pontefioi through the piazza and the street of the Corso was marked by the . same murderous deeds . All appearance of discipline
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GERMANY . JtriiY 6 th . —The battle of Solierino has thrust every other question into the background , and press and people are penetrated with passionate anxiety . There is now less chance than ever of Austria ' s obtaining support from the Confederation ; as to the people , not a volunteer i 8 forthcoming in her behalf . Her sins against liberal progress have been too many and too glaring , and every blow she receives only adds contempt to their rage-More and more the nation ? s coming over to the belief that Austria ' s loss is Germany ' s gain . The miserable tyrannies at present existing in Saxony , Hanover , Bavaria , and other still pettier hangers on of Austria , are doomed to full with her ; therefore , their mortal fear , and their convulsive haste to shed the blood of their sublets , and olunere all the world into confusion for her
sake , The Governments of Saxony are fully aware tliat the vast majority of their people wish to be annexed to Prussia . In fact , Prussia occupies now the same position with regard to Germany that Sardinia does with regard to Italy ; while Austria is to the one what Naples or the Popedom is to the other . The state of public feeling is at this moment such , that if the Regent of Prussia were a . man of genius , or even of energy and insight a little beyond tho common , he might make himself lord of all Germany , and unite and consolidate all the nationalities into one compact , and , I should think , unconquerable phalanx . At this moment- — this golden moment—which will , perhaps , nuver again , occur , the Regent of Prussia has but to spook , and every German would range himself under the banner ot Prussia : not anotherTriuce or King would have a voice ,, much less dare to offer resistance . The cry from every nook and corner of tho laud fe-r . " Perish every . *»? £ » - Hnn but tlint of German , ami let the Prince of Prussia to
bo our leader . " Will tho Prince have fl . e courage venture upon this bold , though easy and snfe , step . k think not . No German Prince wllf he glfigd . for many a generation to come , with hard hood sufnefont to be ambitious . Germany , I am afraid , must wilt for Louis Nnnoleon ' s death , and the revolution consequent theroup !? AUhoSgl ! ' the Regent to still ^^ A . fP" ^' doubts arc excited as to the Justness of this nopulfipltv The Liberals were somewhat astounded a few days ago to hear that the Regent had glvea a banqit to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the bottl ? of Kupponholm . which finished the campaign * Sa It Is foofiSSy termed Either Prince * aro blfod , or fhcircounaoHofs must ho very slightly acquainted with t e state of feeling around them . It is'tie boast of the Gorman Princes that their subject * are better educated than the people of other countries , but tho authorities speak and act as if their people were the veriest fools , 08 if they had neither eyes to read nor ears to hear . The Gorman people are to bo pitied } they are without loaders or advisers , and the nation that trusts to them In a war
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Ko / 485 . JP 1 Y 9 . 1859 . 1 THE LEADER . 821
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 9, 1859, page 821, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2302/page/17/
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