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water ? If not , it will fare badly for Jamaica , and will probably also fare badly in coming years for the rest of the West Indies . Whether other immigration be allowed or no , of one kind of immigration the supply into Jamaica is becoming- less and less . Few European white men now turn thither in quest of fortune . Few Anglo- Saxon ad venturers now seek her shores as the future home of their adoption . The white man has l ) een there and has left his mark . The Creole children of these Europeans of course remain , but their numbers are no longer increased by new comers . " But I tiiink there is no doubt that they are fit —these coloured people , to undertake the higher as human labourIndeed
well as lower paths of . , they do undertake them , and thrive well in them now , much to the disgust of the so-esteemed ascendant class . They do make money , and enjoy it . They practise as statesmen , as lawyers , and as doctors in the colony ; and , though they have not as yet shone brightly as divines in our English Church , such deficiency may be attributed more to the jealousy of the parsons of that church than to their own incapacity , ¦ ., ¦ ¦¦ < . $ ?« There are , they say , 70 , 000 coloured people in the island , and not more than 15 , 000 white people . As the former increase in intelligence , it is not to be supposed that they will submit to the latter . Nor are they at all inclined to submission .
" But they have still ail up-hill battle before therm They are by no means humble in their gait , and their want of meekness sets their white neighbours against them . They are alwaj-s proclaiming by their voice and look that they are as good as the white man ; but they are always showing by their voice and look , also , that they know that this is a false boast . " And then they are by no means popular with the negro . A negro , as a rule , will not serve a mulatto when he can serve a European or a white Creole . He thinks that the mulatto is too near akin to himself to be worthy of any respect . ' In his passion he calls him a nigger- —and protests that he is not , and ' never will be lilce buckra man .
" The negroes complain that the coloured men are sly and cunning ; that they cannot be trusted as masters ; that they tyrannise , bully , and deceive ; in short , that they have their own negro faults . There may , doubtles s be some truth in this . They have still a portion' of their lesson to learn ; xjerluiys the greater portion . I affirm , merely , that the lesson is being learned . A race of people with its good and ill qualities is not formed in a couple of centuries . " And if it be fated that the Anglo-Saxon race in these islands is to yield place to another people , oud to abandon its ground , having done its appointed work , surely such a decree should be no cause of sorrow . To have done their appointed work , and done it well , —should not this be enough for any men ? "
The isthmus of the Panama , commands from Mr . Trollope a considerable amount of admiration . The line of railway is maintained at great cost ; nevertheless , it pays a dividend of 12 . ) per cent ., and the real profit is stated at twenty-five . The ranges of subjects in this volume is two extensive for complete detail ; it includes Central America , but not the Falls of Niagara . Air . Trollope declines " doing the Falls . " He recommends , however , that those who would visit them should place themselves , each alone , between the rooks and the waters of the Horse-shoo Fall after sunset , and there remain for half-an-hour .
•• For the first five minutes he will bo looking but at the waters of a cataract , —at . the waters , indeed , of such a cataract as wo know no other , und at their interior curves , which elsewhere wo cannot soq . But bye and bye all this will change . lie will no longer boon a shingly path beneath a waterfall ; but that feeling of a cavern wall will grow upon him , of a civorn deep , deep bolow ronping , seas , in which tho \ yavos are thorw , though they do not enter in upon him ; yr rather not tho waves , but the very bowo ' ls of the deep ocean . Ho will feel as though tho floods surrounded him , coming and going with their wild sounds , and he will hardly recognise
that though among thorn ho is not in thorn . And they , uatliay fall with a continual roar , not hurting tho ea r , but musical withal , will seem to move » s tho vast ocean waters may perhaps move in their internal currents . Ho will lose tho senso of ono continued deaoont , and think lhat they are passing round him in their appointed courses . The brokon spray that rises from tho depth boltnv , rises so strongly , eo palpably , so rapidly , that tlio motion in every dirootlon will seem oqiiul . And then , as ho looks on , strange colours will show themselves through the mist 5 the slmJes of gray will become green and blue , with ovor nnd anon n flash of white : and then , when some gust of wind blows in with greater violence , the sea-girt cavern will
become all dark and black . Oh , my friend , let there be no one there to speak to thee then ; no , not even a heart ' s brother . As you stand there speak only to the waters . " With this extract we may safely dismiss the reader to the book itself , which he will find one of rare excellence .
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WOMEN ARTISTS IN ALL AGES AND COUNTRIES . By Mrs . E . F . Ellet . —Richard Bontley . The number of books devoted to female merit , and in celebration of female talent , is one of the signs that show the influence of woman in its growth , and points to its increased operation on the morals of society . A similar work to the present has been published in Berlin , by Ernst Guhl , under the title of " Die Fraueii in die Kunstgeschichte |; " but his collection of women famous as painters , sculptors , and engravers , closes with the eighteenth century . Mrs . Ellet has made ample use of Herr Guhl ' s work , and
added much , of her own . The names of womenartists included in this work occupy in their enumeration ten closelyrprinted columns ; they are more , in fact , than five-hundred in number . Of all these we cannot venture to relate the story . We must be content with indication and selection . The early ages , of art' were characterised by a vagueness , which leaves it difficult to decide on the degree of female influence exerted oa it .: In eastern * countries the love of dress and dorrianient
evinced an artistic taste in the female mind . Women , too , we know then rendered help in works upon wood and metal , as well as in the productions of the loom . " The fair Egyptians , " states our authoress , " covered their webs with the most delicate patterns , and the draperiesof the dead , and the ornamented hangings in their dwellings attested the skill of the women of Assyria and Babylon . " Greece also had her poetesses , indicative of a yet nobler female life . Is not the following a pleasing illustration of the growth of early
art?"But although few Grecian women handled the pencil Or chisel , and women were systematically kept in a degree of i gnorance , we find here on the threshold of the history of art a woman ' s name , that of Kora , or , as she has been called , CaWrhoe , the daughter of a potter , named Dibutades , a native of Corinth , said to have resided at Sicyonia , about the middle of the seventh century before Christ . Pliny tells us slieassisted her father in modelling clay . The results of his labours were arranged on shelves before his house , which the purchasers usually left vacant before evening . It was the office of his daughter , says a fanciful chronicler , to fill the more choice flowerswhich the
elaborate vases witli , young men came early tolook at hoping to catch a glimpse of the graceful artist maiden . As she went drapud in her veil to the market-place , she often met a youth who afterwards became an assistant to her father in his work . Ho was skilled in much learning unknown to the secluded girl , and in playing on the reed ; ami the daily life of father , daughter , and lover , presented an illustration of Grecian life and beauty . The youth was at length constrained to depart , but before the event the vows of ¦ betrothal were exchanged between him and Kora . The eve of their parting was sad . As they sat together by the lamp
light , the maiden suddenly rosi . * , and talcing up a piece of pointed charcoal from the brazier , and bidding the young man remain still , she tracod on the wall the outline of hi « fine Grecian profile , as a memorial when he should be far away . Dibutades saw the sketch she had made , and recognised the Iikene 3 s . Carefully he filled the outline with clay , and a complete medallion * was formed . It was the first portrait in relief . Thus a now art wus born iiito tho world , the development of which brought fortune and fame- to the inveiu , m' the story is at
least as probable us that of Snurhis discovering the rules of sketching and contour from tho shadow of his horse : it was not the first nor tho last time that love beciuno a teaohor . Might not tho i ' ublo ot Memnon thus find its realisation ? It is related that Dibutades , who had followed up his medallions with busts , became eo celebrated that many Grecian states claimed the honour of his blrtii , and that his daughter ' s lover , who came buck to espwuoe her , modelled whole figures in Corinth . A adiool for modelling was Instituted about this tlino in Sloyoniaof which Dibutades was tho founder . "
, Ono tale of this land may stand for all suoh , aud * frrovo suggestive inmany ways . Modern art at its commencement was possessed of many female artiste . Tho sixteenth century boosted ot no fewer than six wondcriul sisters , AnguiHCiola , Helena , SoibnisU , Minerva , Kuropa , Uioia and Anna Maria , all gifted in music and pointing .
The seventeenth century was ripe in all manner of eventualities . Academic imitation in all arts yielded to diversity of style ; the romantic succeeded to the classical , the popular to the . scholastic In the same direction has been the progress of events since . Naturalism once for all set in , and the spirtual perforce submitted to a divided empire . Mrs . Ellet has paid due attention to the art of the present day . Mdlles . Bonheur , Fauveau , and Hosnaer flourish in her pages as they have done on the world ' s stage . The nineteenth century , in England , America , and Germany , is rich in female genius . What Lope for the world in this proof that its civilization is on the advaiice , ^ and the benisn influence of woman visibly increasing .
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MISCELLANIES BY CHARLES KINGSLEY , Hector of Eversley . —John W . Parker aadSon . Many of these articles have appeared in Fraser's Magazine and the North British Review , where they have already commanded the admiration of a large and appreciative public . If . a profundity of thought and a vigorous style entitle an author to attention , Mr . Kingsley ; merits the utmost . His taste is formed on the hig hest as well as the oldest models , and the Hebrew poets and historians are his chief exemplars . Hence , of all subjects he takes not only a logical , but a theological view , and subordinates them to the laws of a Divine
Plnlosophy . We are not surprised , therefore , at his defending the Mystics from the levity of Mr . Vaughan ' s charges ; and "were , in fact , not a little pleased that he raised the argumerit to a higher level , whence the critic was able to look down on the bookmaker . Mr . Vaughan had , indeed , only taken a popular view of mysticism , and had not penetrated to its causes and laws . Persons for whom Mr . Coleridge had the deepest reverence , such as Jacob Bohme , were "by him treated with a sort of pity and contempt , just as Voltaire treated Shakspere , mingled with extorted admiration for occasional merits . Mr . Kingsley has been careful
to correct this partial and unfair view , and . claim for genius , however manifested , its privilege to an independent judgment . SuHi men are to be judged on their own ground , and the laws drawn from their own writings , to which they are amenable . Tlie facts of their lives are based on truths to -which the biographer must penetrate before he can understand their significance . Above all , . must have a strong faith in the Invisible , in order to qualify him to approach the topic in the most distant manner . Not a cursory but a deep acquaintance must be had with it , to give him the least right to an opinion . Also , he must be likeminded with them , for " spiritual truths can only
be spiritually discerned . " Such in brief are Mr . Kingsley ' s views , and he has therefore no patience with the quiet scorn indulged in by dillvtanti gentlemen over their wine and walnuts , on ways of life and ways of thinking beyond their experience or their apprehension . He will not permit them to dispose of the ease of An <> -ela tie Fdligni , by a contemptuous reference to the deaths of her mother , lior husband , und her children . He does not think these are amiismg facts , or likely to bring her consequent loneliness and sorrow into ridicule . Death , solitude , and grief are wilh him hi-h and holy things , and what com- from them arc liiflli anil holy also . What if violent
these be , what Mr . Vau-han describes as " devotion , '' "falling ill , " " suffering incessant- anguish from 11 complication of disorders , " " having rapturous c < . » . «<> lu » io »» « nd toxvlliq temptations , and " boiiur iluahod in a luojnenb : from a scat ot rflory nbovS the ompyrcam" Mr . Kmgsloy will not be moved to laug hter by this merry statement ; nor will lie see anything to laugh at ni , it . booreU bo the lone widow in her ami and desolation , — motherless , 11 us Landless , child less 5—and tho slates of mind tlmt grew on such , bo they sacred also , and let us lonrn from them what they certainly contain , nnd not seldom dramatically manifest , in thin manner wo may lenru something to our pout ,-while tho m . M > nior must needs remain a fool .
In like uiiinner , ho dares to vindicato our Elizabethan worthies , and to justify , them by rofowjiioe to their times , and the work that such times necessarily imposed on energetic tujmts . bu' Walter Itiileiirh '« 1 > J h " olofti ' o < 1 of the insidious flusnicions Unit Uis biographers lmvo more or loss sufjurud to stain their pages . Prejudice has been permitted to taint the unwilling judgment of those writers , and even to invalidate tho natural doduo-
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Ko . 503 . Nov . 12 , 1859 . ] THE LEADER 1253
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Nov. 12, 1859, page 1253, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2320/page/17/
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