On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (4)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
have expended a great deal of teaming . m the subject and JJr . Hotten has had recourse to the most learned and the latest essays on the subject ; and he makes the following extract from " Schreiber ' s Essay : " — " The beggars of Germany rejoiced in their Golden Age ; it extended throughout nearly two centuries , from the invasions of the . lurks until after the conclusion of the Swedish war ( 1450 to 1650 ) . During this long period it was frequently the case that begging was practised less from necessity than for pleasure : indeed , it was pursued . like a regular calling . For poetry had estranged herself from the nobility ; knights no longer went but on adventures to seek giants and dragons , or to liberate the Holy Tomb ; she had likewise become more and more alien to the citizen , since he considered it unwise to brood over verses and rhymes , when he was called upon to calculate his profits in hard coin . Even the ' Sons of the Muses , ' the scholars , had become more prosaic , since there was so much to learn and so many universities to visit , and the masters could no longer wander from one country to another with thousands of pupils . " Then poetry ( as everything in human life gradually descends ; began to ally herself with beggars and vagrants . That which formerly had been misfortune and misery became soon a sort of free art , which only retained the mask of misery in order to pursue its course more safely and undisturbed . Mendicity became a distinct institution , was divided into various branches , and was provided with a language ot its own . Doubtless , besides the frequent wars , it was the G-ipsies—appearing in Germany , at the beginning of the fifteenth century , in larger swarms than ever—who contributed greatly to this state of things . They formed entire tribes of wanderers , as free as the birds in the air , now dispersing themselves , now reuniting , resting wherever forests or moors pleased , or stupidity and superstition allured them , possessing nothing , but appropriating to themselves the property of everybody , by stratagem or rude force . * " In wliat manner and to what extent such beggary had grown up and branched off towards the close of the fifteenth century , what artifices and even what language these beggars used to employ , is shown us in Johann Kriebel ' s Chronicles , the MSS . of which are preserved in the Library of the City and University of Bale . " The IMer Yaqatormniol which a complete . translation is here given , was probably written about 1509 , and went through several editions , of which Mr . Hotten has given a minute account . It gained , of course , additional celebrity by Martin Luther writing a preface to it ; it being his . object to expose the frauds and villany of the mendicant fraternities , who , under the plea of religion , pursued a life of vagabondism . ^ # As a picture of the times this little book is extremely interesting , and sheds much light on many allusions of the poets and dramatists of the sixteenth century ; and it will , doubtless , be eagerly perused by all interested in such reading . Judged by its beggars the good old times have little to brag over the modern period ; and there seems to be no present practice of imposition which was not known and followed in the days of our worthy ancestors . Indeed , it is probable that the practice of cadging or begging has rather deteriorated than improved , like many of the other arts which the admirers of the middle ages deplore the loss of . . . ; _ . The little quarto is charmingly printed by Whittmgham and Wilkiris , and appropriately embellished with quaint old head and tail pieces , and a facsimile of the original title page . We should have mentioned thtvt the , * bird part consists of a copious vocabulary of cunt words . Altogether it isjhijpuy ^ reditable to Mr . Hotten s taste and learning , both as the publisher and editor .
Untitled Article
AUG 25 I 860 . ] The Saturday Analyst and Lead&i \ 753
Foreign Correspondence.
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE .
Untitled Article
SPECIAL . Hanover , August 21 , 1860 . THE -words uttered by the Emperor of Austria , the King of Bavaria , other high personages , at the banquet which followed the opening of the Salzburg Railway , though , doubtless , of no greater value than the high-sounding phrases which the people of this country have been long accustomed to hear from heirs to thrones and monarchs in difficulties , have given rise to a good deal of speculation , of admiration on the part of the feudalists , and ridicule on the part of the liberals . As these princely utterances may afterwards prove curious references , I translate them for preservation in your columns . The Emperor of Austria said : —" The celebration we have just witnessed opens an epoch ot easy and intimate communication between extensive and fertile countries . May they enjoy the benefits of the new connection with active competition and increasing advantage , This celebration , however , bears , you all feel it as I do , a higher importance . Kindred German tribes are , from this day forward , brought into closer intercourse with each other . The sons of Austria rejoico to stretch forth the hand of friendship to their brothers of Bavaria , and to thank them for their love and loyalty , and the same sentiment of unity with whioh wo neighbours greet each other we proffer to all our German kinsmen and confederates . And while giving expression hero to theso feelings , I cannot help calling to mind the day on-whiclv-I-olaftpGd-thohand . of-thePrinceJlegont . of .. - Prussia , as $ w pledge of the sfrength of the v sentiment which drew us mutually towards ench other . I am convinced you will all most heartily join with mo in a triplo toast : —A cheer for my loyal brother and friend of Bavaria ! A cheer for the loyal and valiant Bavarian people I A oheor for the union of the princes and people of Germany ! " , , To this triple toaet , the King of Bavaria responded thus : — First of all , I nave to return my heartfelt thanks , in my own name , and that of my people , for the august toast we have just heard . The work of which we now celebrate the completion is , indeed ,
of far-reaching importance ; it will draw kindred tribe 3 closer to each other . May God ' s blessing rest upon it . The late friendly meeting of the rulera of Austria and Prussia was hailed with enthusiasm and hope by the whole nation ; it has become a guarantee for the union of all Germany , and in this lies our influence and force . I now propose , with hearty sincerity , a cheer for my Imperial brother and friend of Austria ! A , cheer for Austria ' s loyal and war-tried sons 1 A cheer for the union of the two great States of Germany ! " A toast to the union of all Germany was proposed by Count von Lerchenfeld in words nearly as follows : — " The new connexion of Bavaria with Austria will extend over both countries those blessings which it has been the sole object of the real German propaganda to spread . The Germans have never sought conquests , but only fair fields to dispose of the fruits of their labour in agriculture , manufactures , art , and science , and haye likewise ever been careful to respect the peculiarities and customs of every nation . But we can reflect , with pride that , while acknowledging the rights and independence of others , we jiave always cherished and maintained our own . It is true , indeed , that our enemies have many a time profited by our disunion , to penetrate into the heart of the country , but the people have invariably united at last and taken bloody revenge . And this sentiment of national independence , high as the Alps , firm as their foundations , this it is which now unites us to great Austria , lne tie which this day connects us binds for ever the Danubian highlands with the Danubian lowlands . Whatever may threaten , whatever may be brought against us by that country where the people are being flattered with the hope of conquests abroad to console them for the loss of their own liberty at home , we shall face the danger with hearts full of courage and hope . Henceforward we all stand shoulder to shoulder , and the battle-cry from the Rhine will echo along the banks of the Danube , and from the Alps of theEifel , and from the Adriatic to the North , bea we shall be victorious , for right is on our side , and an AJmigiity God disposes over the generations of men . I propose a cheer tor the hearty union of Austria with Germany , in grandeur and happiness as in war and danger . " . t .-d ¦¦'•¦'' I do not exactly know from my own observation what Bavarians andAustriansthinkabout thesefine speeches , which , by theway , are rather more flowery in the original than in the translation ^ but in this quarter the people are-disposed to ejaculate " Leather and prunella ! " And , if one may judge by the i » ne of the correspondence from the south , the Austrians and Bavarians themselves have no great faith in the sincerity of the princes and then-courtiers for such a union as the people desire . What the princes mean by union is , thenieansof maintaining the integrity of their respective territories against French orRussian encrdachment , andbyauMon among themselves , resisting the demands of their subjects for . free institutions . The speeches delivered at Salzburg , more ^ especially Count Leechenfeld ' s speech , would induce the belief . that we were on the eve of a declaration of war against France by the entire Germanic Confederation . The Liberals are somewhat cast down at the sudden unanimity of their princes , and have niade up their minds to an indefinite postponement of the great reform and union of Germany under one head ,: of which it was expected Prussia would be the inaugurator and defender . The alliance , or good ^ ndeTstancling 4 > etween ^ russia ~ iwi ^^ adoption of the principles of action upon which the holy alliance was formed , the union of all the princes for the isolation of France , and the suppression of every attempt on the part of their subjects to obtain free institutions , the same principle is the jjasis ot _ tne Federal Constitution . It is now becoming pretty evident that ^ although Prussia resisted the temptations held out to her for an alliance with Russia , the Russian diplomatists have not laboured altogether in vain . The Prince Regent finding his friendship sought on all sides is beginning to feel himself independent of nationalopinion , and notwithstanding what hehas so of ten declared , of keeping hv the liberal and constitutional path which he had chosen , has suddenly stopped in his path of progress , and shows signsof returningtothc > cnc 7 mn < sofliis early years . Ihe state , which appearedtocontaintho germof agreat and free future , stands forth all at once as the prop of Austria and the protector of the privileges of the petty tyrants who have for many a long year been the detestation of the great majority of Germans . By lending Ins influence to protect tho South-Western frontier of Austria he thereby encourages the Emperor Francis Joseph to hope for the ultimate re-conquest of Lombardy and the restoration of the Italian princes . Tho Regent has shown himself an opponent to tho unity ot Italy solely because Italy , as long as it remains disjointed and weak , offers a field of operation for French intrigue to exhaust , or amnse itself in . The price ho will have to pay , and which ho seems well inclined to pay , for the effects of his present policy is the loss ot the confidence of liberal Gormany , and the destruction of all hopes of obtaining the union of tho people and civil liberty through tie instrumentality of any German prince . 1 ' or union and liberty tne Ciy must become " Revolution and Republic ! " The Prince ltegent "VTndeeW ^^ really provo falso to his promises , the people cannot possibly put faith in any of their princes again , . AlinnlR » omm Tho political correspondence of the " Prussian Annuls . emphatically assorts that the disturbances in Syria Imvotong rd and brought about by the Powers interested in . tho dssol « t » on ^ tho Turkish empire , solely to enable the * ™™ J » * " < £ iSey diplomatists to act conjointly in then ; <} omauch ^ SLccuS It ' fa particularly worthy of remark that the < y *™* £ ist o , curred in thS . se territories which , liko Bulgaria and Albania , are under
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 25, 1860, page 752, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2362/page/9/
-