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    countries , and the very interference of Brazil may perhaps consolidate the Strength of che rising empire 6 t republic of Buenos ^ Ay res . Monte Video had not acceded to the disunion from the mother country , but most probably it will be under the necessity of submitting to it , i ather than fall under the Brazilian yoke . The CaraCcas are declared rebels to the mother country . The existing government at Cadiz has issued its orders t © pat their country under a blockade , and the only thing that prevents the enforcing of its orders ' with the utmost severity , is the want of ships , want of men , wftnt of money . Jn such a case , it might have been prudent to wait till the Cortes -was assembled , and the French were driven from their quarters . The Caraceas must view the

    proclamation with contempt , and the determination of our court to preserve the integrity of Spanish America will not prevent then * from establishing such an internal government , as the present state of tiling * may seem to demand . Spanish America is old enough to determine for itself , and external force wiL only serve to accelerate the sera

    of independence . We are sorry to perceive , thnt to North America any thing unpleasant should have occurred between our ships and those of the United States . An unlucky rencontre , -which occasioned one of * our vessels to fire upon one of their ? , may create a little uneasiness , but not sufficient to break through the system of peace , which it is the interest of both parties to preserve .

    In Europe our first attention is turned toward ^ Spain and Portugal . The pehinsula is torn , to pieces by petty warfare , which occasions the loss of innu-Hfcrable lives on both sides , and they carry on their mutual efforts for destruction with equally determined

    obstinacy . To add to the melancholy statb of the country , the French arid Spaniards have issued their nianifes ' tos ; the one treating the other as rebels , and threatening to destroy them bf the usual processes of regular governments i the ® ther with as determined a spirit , prottri&ing to take ample revenge on the French for every Spaniard , who may fait a sacrifice to such unjustifiable erarffcf *<• • ¦ A short time must determine thi * hofrid conflict , and all eyes are turned * ou > th * armies under i . ord Wellington andMaascm .

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    Tbese armies are on the frontiers oj the two kingdoms . The French hare taken the fortress , which was between them After the capture of Ciudad Rodrigo , they laid siegre to Almeida , and this place , within three days from the first shot fired , surrendered . JLord Wellington saw the place from his era campmeht , and did not make an effort for its relief . His reasons can be knowa only to hiim self , and to those who arc acquainted with the state pf the country ana the armies opposing each other . But the whole appears extraordinary to those who read , that Massena ' s army is weakened by want of food and repeated desertions . They cannot remain long in their present state , and our ne ^ t ac count

    will relate the retreat of the JEnglish to tjieir ships , and the consequent loss o { Portugal , or a turn of affairs in favour of Spain , by Masseca , being" driven from his present eriterprbe ; The known skill of the latter Forbids us to entertain

    very sanguine expectations , that he will be driven from his purpose . Buonaparte is pursuing his commercial plans with great eagerness . It is difficult to ascertain their effects , for

    whatever despotism may determine , the activity of mankind will continually find means of eluding much of its sting . But he is said to oe equally attentive to his marine , and to have so great a number of ships either built or on the stocks in the Scheldt , as might make us , if we had not the fullest confidence in our

    navy , very apprehensive for the safety of some part of the United Kingdom . An exchange of prisoners lias long been upon the tapis between the two kingdoms , but it is probable that ; the French Emperor waits for ^ he result of the battle in Portugal , ^ before he makes his final determination on this subject . He has received from Holland a most fulsome

    address , which he has answered from the throne , promisingr the Vjputch the honour of coriveying ^ is eagles to our sh 6 rcs ; but , with all his grandeur , he does hcit aeeni : to be without fears from the libertv of the press , for he hat

    confined it by new shackles , and he can allow onl y on © newspaper to each departmeut , and thfe under the regulation of a censorship , which will of course exclude all intelligence unfriendly to &i $ views . One of his generals has felt the benefit of the changes in ^ Europe . Bern ^ dotte is declared heir to the crowil of Sweden Hi baV heeia elected in the dietoo the

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    460 State of Public Affairs .

• Citation
  • Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Sept. 2, 1810, page 460, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2408/page/36/