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up and terminates in that . Or can you point out anything which rhetoric can do , more than to produce persuasion in the minds of the hearers ? ' G . * No : you seem to me to define it adequately . 4 Hear me , then , said Socrates . * I persuade myself , that if there is any person who converses with another wishing to arrive at a real knowledge of the thing which the discussion relates to , I am such a person : and I wish you to be so . ' G . ' What then V £ . ' I will tell you . What , and on what topics this persuasion is , which you say results from rhetoric , I do not clearly know ; and though I certainly suspect , I wiil
nevertheless ask you . Now , why do I , suspecting it myself , question you , and not myself declare it ? Not on your account , but for the sake of the discussion , that it may proceed in such a manner as to make that about which we are talking clearest to us . Consider then whether I interrogate you fairly . If I were to ask you , what painter is Zeuxis ? and you were to answer , The man who paints animals ; might I not fairly ask you , What animals , on what material ? ' G . ' Certainly . ' S . * Because there are other painters who paint other animals . ' G . ' Yes . * S . ' But if nobody vh # d ~~ e ~ ver ~ painted animals except Zeuxis , your answer would have been right . ' G . ' Certainly . S . ' Now then , on the subject of rhetoric , tell me , whether rhetoric is the only art which produces persuasion ? What I mean is this : when a man teaches any thing , does he
persuade people of that which he teaches , or not V G . * He persuades more than any body . ' S . To return to our former examples—does not arithmetic , and does not the arithmetician , teach us the properties of numbers ? ' G . 'Yes . ' S . 'Then they persuade us . ' G . 'Yes / S . Then arithmetic also works persuasion . ' G . So it seems . ' S . ' Then if we are asked , What persuasion , and respecting what ; we should answer , The
persuasion , which instructs us respecting the properties of numbers . And in like manner we can show what persuasion , and on what matter , is wrought by each of the other arts which we mentioned . ' G . * Yes . ' S . i Then rhetoric is not the only worker of persuasion ? ' G . ' True . ' S . 4 Then we may ask you , what persuasion , and on what matter , is wrought by rhetoric / G . ' The persuasion of courts of justice and other assemblies , and on the subject of the just and the unjust / i
8 . I suspected that you meant this kind of persuasion , and on this subject . But that you may not be surprised if I should hereafter ask you something which , like this , appears obvious , I do so in order that the argument may be carried straight through : not on your account , but that we may not accustom ourselves to anticipate each other ' s meaning by guess ; and that you may complete your exposition in your own manner . ' G . ' You do very right / S . ' Let us then consider this . There
is such a thing aB to learn ? ' G . ' Yes / 8 . * And such a thing as to believe ? ' G . * Yes / S . * To believe and to learn , are these the same thing-, or different things V G . * Different things , I conceive . ' S . You conceive rightly , as may be known from this : If you were asked whether there are true belief and false belief , you would say , Yes / G . \ should /
>\ ' But are there true knowledge and false knowledge ? ' G . No / $ . Then they are not the same thing ? ' G . * They are not / S . But l' > ey who have learnt , and t iey who only believe , are both of them perwaded V G . 4 They are / S . Shall we say , then , that there are two kinds of persuasion , the one affording belief without knowledge , the ° toer affording know led Re ?* G . * Yes . ' S . * Which sort of persuasion does
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Plato ' s Dialogues ; the Gorgias . 695
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3 D 2
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Citation
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Monthly Repository (1806-1838) and Unitarian Chronicle (1832-1833), Oct. 2, 1834, page 695, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/mruc/issues/vm2-ncseproduct2638/page/19/
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