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©r%wal CotrrejE^on^nwe. ©**Httnal Corrt&pmt&gncg.
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TO FEAllQUS O'CONNOR, ESQ.
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' ... r tm - i pBh JPortm . ,
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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TO TBX EDITOB OF THS TOMHEBH STAK . LETTER IX . * ' Bead , mark , learn , and inwardly digest " Sib , —This is my apology for the absence of my letters on Banting The Readers of the Star ' must " Read , mark , learn , and inwardly digest * the seTen letters I have already ¦ written for yonr journal ; they contain matter for thought , and they famish materials plenty for discussion . I hope that ray labours hare mot been in Tain , or your space unnecessarily occupied . From tha numerous applications I hare received to reprint them cheap far circulation , I feel confident that my labours have been amply repaid ; and if my friends think proper to do so they ar « welcome to do so in any form they please .
Jij prison will afford me time to study how to redress the wrongs of a suffering and insulting people ; the stones of dungeon will now serve me whereupon to record my eternal hatred of the Tile band of Whig traitors , who inrented the National Debt , the Excise lairs , the Standing Army , the Riot Act , the Septennial Act ; who established the principle of introduc-< Bg foreign soldiers into England , that Sogged the militia men in the Isle of E : y , for condemning which Hr . Cobbstt got two years' imprisonment in Newgate , paid a fine of one thousand pounds , and was bound over to keep the peace for seTen years , in fire thousand pounds' baiL
Again , I deelare solemnly my eternal hatred of that detestable faction who invented and passed the 2 * ew Poor Law to separate man and wife , imprison ablebodied men who may ask for relief , ' and reduce the independent labourer to liTe npon a ' coarser kind effood , ' who destroyed the eon&tsble ' s staff and the sheriffs ¦ jrand by the introduction of a soldier police fortx , to coerce , bludgeon , or swear away the liberties and lives of free-born Englishmen , who have the hones ! and manly fortitude to warn the people of the approich . of despotism , and endeavour by honest and lawful means to radically reform the House of Commons , that the poor man may hare as much protection of the law a * the rich man , and that the rich tv . » ti shall not grind She faces of the poor .
This detestable faction may detach me from the lrorld—immure my body in their cells—attempt to tiarve me into submission , but they never can destroy , except with my life , the firm , and deep-rooted hatred thai jp » hn * tea ray boson . My cBUdren , like young "PsiTurife ^ gj gijall be trained to hate my ptraerators ; so that iot one martyr the Whigs make of me , I will leave them focb sc ^ 'S traiiied to my principles , who I doubt not will inherit my hatred , and pursue the enemins of my country , whether foreign or domestic , eren to the death .
The day of reckoning will corns , then " Wo be to those who decree unrighteous decrees , and that write grkvoasness wfeicb . they Lave prescribed to turn aside the needy from judgment , and take away the right from the poor of my people , that widows may be their prey , and tiafcthey may rvb the fatherless . " I will hasten on that day , and I pray God give me strength and yean to pay off my share of the reckoning mj regular habits , my span diet , the great care taken of health and penmt , and the prayers of ten thousand congregations in the churches and chapels , who weekly pray " for all prisoners and captiTes , " will enable me to meet my enemies with tenfold -rigour . I shall be case-hardened , instead of melted into lore , WlSl my Pnfnmjpq .
I remain , Secure in the embrace of the Whigs , and / m in the toad * of R . J . Richardson .
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TO THB EDITOB OP THB 50 BTHEBS STAB . Sib , —In the Siar of l&st week there was a letter addressed to the Teetotallers of Bishop Auckland by George Sums , in which he complains ef their conduct iowvds him , in sot allowing him to address them , at the conclusion of & public meeting conrened for the Yica of St Oswalds , Durham . Severat teetotallers in the tewa and neighbourhood , many of whom are subscribers to the Northern Star , have requested me to reply to Mb letter , which , for my own part , I would rather haTe passed over in silence , but , being Secretary to the Society , I feel it my duty to acquiesce with thtir
. reqssst . Bishop Auckland possesses an Abstinence Society based upon the most catholic principles of any , perhaps , in the United Kingdom ; it has enrolled within its pledge-book men of almost every section of the Christian church ;_ and men differing in *}>*]* political opinions as widely as the pules . It is bow nearly five years since It was first oreaufeed , from which tine to the present , peace and unanimity hare eminently characterised its proceedings . Through its instrumentality many drunkards hare been reclaimed , and many hundreds ted out of tie hi ghvcu to dnaiesness—from a child it has become a mighty giant—from a small stream it has become a rapid and impetuous flood , fam »«*» HT » g the drfrniring customs of society , and threatening the utter extermination of the abominable traffic of thoae poison vtaders , who have too long gloated on human suffering , who hare too long
p ^ Tyf jhg iyj ytjff yffff frfrptnn m j *>* Tjflj _'> ' " " mirths-~^~ 25 erfiSeling » * of 'U ^ Jlfiart , * bd VUkfmg ths brightest , tiefefrest , the most hallowed spot in creation— th » fire-side * of the peasantry and working classes of our country . Those who gaTe to this society ito birth , who have watched orer iu infantile years , and under whose festering care it has become so pre-eminently beneficial to society , still look irilh a jealous eye on tvery thing tha : is likely to cramp its usefulness , or impede iu triumphal progress ; and no one , it matters not what his politics may be , or what Ms religious opinions may be ; be he high or low , rich or poor , if he is not willing to advocate its principles , without rtHTing it up with his own creed , or adverting to the particular political class td Which he belongs , as G . Bams did , he need not expect tehsve the opportunity of addressing an assembly conevened by the committee of the Bishop Auckland Teetotal Society .
Most men haTe their political opinions , but there is wide difference between the politics of & priTate individual , following some useful trade or profession , and the politics of a man like & . Bums , an open and aTowed adtocate of a particular class , devoting all his time , talents , and energies , to spread the principles of that das . He is a marked Tn » n , let him wish to lend his ¦ ervices to whateTer cause be may , he will be suspected of political design-He may ttll us that he is the friend of the working classes—that he is labouring to his utmost to enlighten their minds , and to show them the way to procure for
themselves their rights and liberties—that the majority of Chardsts are labouring men—and that it is the working classes that abstinence societies are designed to benefit . Were all working men Chartists , "was druukenEesa confined to that particular elass , there would" be nothing to apprehend from oar accepting his services ; but such is not the case , many of the working classes ' are not Chartists , but opposed to it ; and , alas ! intemperance has spread its baneful influence otet all classes , « ad over all countries , into which intoxicating liquors bare been introduced ; the prince as well as the people are contaminated with the eTil , and has netd of the as-• istaEce of abstinence societies .
We consider onrselres the friends and benefactors of tbe working classes , and the result of our labours Ins « atitled us to our claim . We offer them a present , real , » d practicable boon , whilst his , at best , is only proe ^ ptctrre , perhaps imaginary . ( reorge Bin . na menuons bavi&g been inritei to speai month ? ago by some of the committee . 1 can assure turn such invitation was i . ot official * In conclusion , I would say , -vre hare no hostiJe feeling towards George Binrs ; all we wish is , to . persevere inviolable the Suadamtnial price-plea of our society , "without which we are sure it triil be trammelled in its course . It will always giTe us pleasure to hear that he
is using his infincnea to >« tijk > i from our country the bydra-headed monster—intemperance . And whilst he is labouring to improve ¦ the condition cf the working d&sses , may it be in accordanu-e with the gaspel dispensation— " Peace on tarth , good will to men , " not losisg sight of the fotdca rule , ' Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you , do you eves so to them , for this is the law and tie prophets "—exalting in their hearts all that ia great , and good , and amiable ; and , above aH , exhorting them to unfeigned repentance , and to look in faith to that Saviour who died for sinners , rose again for their justification ; and ever liTeth their taffl j fcl intercessor -with the Patter . SiiccerelT , - . , GEO . 3 > 150 > . ¦ Bijhop Auckland , 4 th idonth , 15 ta , 1 S 40 .
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4 TO THE EDITOB OF THE HORTHKBLS STAS . « *^ v l"T ^ eTer WM * gi ** tion 30 much muted as it is * & * T ? L me " ^ P ^ Pie axe so sick of petitioning J * " » wey will aerer more be bronght together again Sfoaaeui nambers for that purpose to do anj good •» «* WMits & new Bystem of agitiUcm that will cost « o nwney &nd get no men into prison , and in the w » chapter ef St . Matthew ' a Gospel , I find there «¦« » coBtom in old timea , for all labourers out of *«* to meet eTery morning in the market-plice , f « nag to work fox « nj one who would « rre them fair ffTror their labonr . Now " . Sir . if too on * fv . Vr ,, TO
Ij ^ W d ^ ilelden , with others wie hare influence ftnt - * ***** PJ « 8 , were Vs reeommend ill persons ^ « *»*» of * H trades and calling , to assemble in ^ B ?« et-place of every town in the kingdom every ? 2 " ^ S « J sine o ' clock , and to stop in the market < = aLtwdrein the day , and then to go peaceibls to ws ^ arauns of the poor , and aik for as much relief £ * i ^ pport them and their family xirxtfl the next Si * « v \ ^ £ ame tilQe let them be determined fea * , v n v ° ^ ^^ noi ^ ^ rok ^ that no £ ** «""! be separated from his wife , nor -no mother a ^ u £ « children , and if the magistrates or police 2 " * " * » sMhe assembled starring muUHtde what wo * Va ' ' ^ 1 iTi il onlT fa * 76 i 0 &H 5 we « > "wewant " ° 4 * ad are Bailing to . work fcr you w any oue
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work , and let erery man who has tho good of hia 2 S Tl " ^ * •* P 1 ' ^ cbalk « d writ e on the walls , " all persons wanting work , attend in l ^ T r placo m the ° orawg * J * W o ' clock " or get some stout paper and cut the Utters of the aW sentence out , when one person may hold the paper ^ ga . nst the wall , wh . le a second with some white pint and a brush make * the impression . Now here is a novel system of agitation , Which may he carried out and aumversal pU . n of advertising it , which may be done by persons like myself who have families s ^ mn * f or want of work , without cost or breaking any law , for tfeere is no law that 1 know « f *„»; n = f t who wni eive ub a fair ^ - ^ » ~ — *• - . - . .
man taking his labour to the market , and it would destroy the Poor Law Bill and strike terror into the aiddle ctess and dnve them to go for Universal buffroge or the whole Charter sooner than safibr the starving multitude in each town to meet every morning m tbe market-place . * Coveutry , April 16 , 1840 . A SlSCEK £ R " 0 MHa - N . B . —Should this plan be rjcommonded , there mil want a volunteer ia each towu to report to the daily press the number ort of work , the answers given by the Guardians of the poor , with the effect tee knowledge of so many persons beiDg out of work as on tae middle class of society .
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GREAT KADICAL MEETING AT MANCHESTER , ON GOOD-FRIDAY .
A meeting of the friends and supporters of the Radical cause was conTened on Friday last in the Hall of Science , Camp Field , Manchester , for the purpose of considering the propriety of putting an additional halfpenny on the Northern Star , or by some other meaiis raising a fund for the maintenance of the various families of the patriots \? ho are now suffeiing imprisenment for the advocacy of their country ' s right Many of tht leading men of Manchester had doubtless supposed that the spirit or Chartlim had now been finally crushed , especially considering the havock that ha * been made by the tools of the Government at Liverpool and Chester among th 9 ranks of the leaders
in the movement Xo better proof , however , could I hare been giTen of the folly and absurdity of such a ' . supposition than the meeting above mentioned . Although Friday was a holiday , a day which many , and perhaps most of the working classes might be supposed to devote to recreation , considering the numerous meetings laWly they hate been called upon to attend , and the very rare occasions on which holidays occur , the spacious Hall was crammed , and hundreds went away unable to obtain admission . On tbe motion of Mr . Edward Cumin , seconded by Mr . William Linney , Mr . James Barrow was unanimously called to the chair .
The Ch . ubhax , in opening the business of the meeting , said he was sorry they had not chosen a more competent person to fill the situation to which they had called him than he was , but he would do the best in his power , and he was sure that by their orderly conduct they would render the duties he hail to perform comparatively light He felt happy to see so many of the working classes of Manchester present on that occasion ; it was a conviuciag proof to their opponents that Chartism was not asleep ; and he hoped they would , as they ha < L-kitberto done , continue to persevere in this good cause . In all the occurrences of life they would find that no great object was to be accomplished -without perseverance , and as this wffs a holy and just cause , wby should there be any
disposition to lag ? They bad , it was tiue , been deprived of many of their best advocates , but that , nevertheless , should not deter them frcm doing their duty oa ' every fit occasion . He . considered UoU ixr tts recent v ^ peJa «» tioai tie - jolt o £ T . Chartism had been driven a considerable distance , and it they continued their movement , they would drive it so that their enemies would n » t be able to pull it out again . ( Cheers . ) He would therefore recommend them to persevere in a calm and peaceful ; but dtterniined manner ; not that he was what might be called a milkand-water Radical , but he could not see any other way in "wliich they cculd beat the enemy so successfully . He thought that , taking a view of the occurrences which were taking place every day , it was evident that
the present system was going to wreck , and It was therefore doubly the duty of the people to peraeTere , in order that a good system might be raised upon the remains of that which was now fast working its own ruin . " ( Hear , hear , hear . ) There were one or two resolutions which would be brought before the meeting , He hoped that if they held up their hands for them , that they would not merely give them their verbai assent , lut that they would carry them cheerfully into practice . He then read the placard convening the meeting . He said that was the first time he had seen the placard convening the meeting ; but he thought the object was a good one , and it also appeared to him to be so simple and so reasonable a request , that no true Radical could find fault with it ( Hear , hear . )
Their enemies might tay that it was suggested by some interested motive on the part ef Mr . Feargas O'Connor . They , however , knew him too well ; they knew what he had expended—what trouble and anxiety of mind , and exertion of body , he bad endured in the cause , of Radicalism , ever to believe that he could recommend one thing for the purpose of accomplishing another in -which hia own interest was concerned . ( Hear , hear . ) They ought , therefore , to suffer no excuse , and no ridicule on the part of their opponents , to prevent them from carrying out this scheme , because now many of their best and bravest men were in
gaol . There was O'Brien and Benbow and a host of othere '; and he was sure that when they saw Benbows defence they would be still further satisfied that their cause was a g » od one . He had received a letter from him that morning , which shewed the whole footing on which the system was based , for the interruptions which he received from those highest in the court convinced him that their cause was a go » d one . Why , then , sheuld they be indifferent or spiritless ? Let them only- move forward , and victory would certainly be theirs . As there were several speakers to address them , he would not detain them longer , but would call upon Mr . Curran to move the first resolution .
Mr . Edwabb Cub . ua > ' then came forward , and moved the fallowing resolution : — " That we , the people of Manchester , in public meeting assembled , do pkdge ourselves to support , as far as our means will admit , the wives and families of our imprisoned friends ia afl parts of the country ; ana in orUer that we may the more effectually aid them in the time of their aSliction , that we coincide with tbe Coventry correspondent of the Northern Star , that an extra halfpenny be laid on that paper . " He said that in coming forward to move the first resolution , he wished to beg their attention to that portion of it which he was most anxious to Buppert They were aware that many of those incarcerated had left behind them wives and children , who ought to be
sup ported and protected by those in whose cause they were now *> unjustly suffering . He W& 3 of opinion th&l a meeting like lLat held in Manchester , and convened for . such a purpose , was calculated to do much good in the promotion of the cause of universal liberty ; and why ? because he knew well that when the governors or turnkeys of the various prisons heard of the people astembied in thousands to vindicate their cause , and to support their wives and families , they would be less austere to the prisoners , and , instead of treating them as villains , and as men who had deserved ill of society , they would rather regard them as men that were to be pitied , seeing that even in that situation they obtained the protection of the country , for their wives and families . There was not a man amongst them but
* nust feel a * a parent , a husband , or a brother ; and they must also be aware that the wive 3 and children of those ill used men could not be supported without their aid . ( Hear , hear . ) Besides this , It was necessarv that those who took part in their concerns , and who risked everything they held dear in their cause , and in the promotion of their interests should receive from them some support in their difficulties , in order that they might have confidence in their sincerity . It was , indeed , true , that trade was at present verv bad amongst them : it was true that there ware not many of them who were able to spare mnck ; but if the working classesof anch
, M ester , « those of them who supported Radical principles , would subscribe but a halfpenny per week , it would not oaly make those who were out of gaol comfortable—x ^ . those who are dependant upon the prisoners , but it would also make them comparatively comfortable themselves- Now , -when a man stood up to defend the cause of the people , -it was not right or fair Chat the people sJumld eitSar sacrifiee Him themselves , or suffer the Government to sacrifice hmt without theJj - interfering , so far as they vere able , to alleTis ' je those miseries and inconveniences that arc alwa ys incident to persecution—( hear , hear ;—and he nop- ed tiat when ttey d « itlcd to protect them by
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passing a resolution , they would not forget tbat by that very act , they bound themselves as honourable men to carry it into effect . Wifein the last few months they had endured greater trials , and had achieved , too , a greater amount of progress than they had ever previously endured , or achieved , as a political party ; and it was for the people now to say whether that progress should be arrested , or whether those unfortunate prisoners should be punished unnecessarily . It wa » for them to say whether , when the father rose from his iron bedstead in ths ? morning , to tak * his breakfast though it was but skaiy—it was for theni to say whether even tbat scanty and unpalatable meal should be still more embittered by the recollection that it was a matter of doubt with fcun whether his wife 1 .
and his helpless children had even * " skilly " to eat—( hear , heat );—or whether thty had oven the covering of a cell to hide them from the midnight tempest . ( Hear , hear . ) It was for them to say whether this was the case or not ; and should they show their attachment to the cause for which such a father was suffering , by showing something like a Jcindly affection for his otherwise unprotected offspring , his heart wonld be lightened even amidst tho darkness and deprivations of a dungeon , and he would forget his own sufferings in thejoy he would f « el at the assurance which he , would thu 3 receive that the people were alive to their . interests . ( Cheers . ) He did not wish to harrow up their feelings with details of the crnclfclcs which were practised not only on prisoners by those in authority . but the
by Government upon the nation at largo ; but he thought that if they contended for , and obtained protection for these families , while taey would relieve them from the misery which they were unjustly enduriDg , they would also be setting the Ckwerament an example , showing that as they held the responsible situation of governors , it was their duty to protect the interests of tbe nation at large , whfle the people , on ths other hand , protected individuals . ( Hear , hear . ) As tkat was the first Radical meeting , that ever had been held in tbat " Hall of Science , " he was proud to see them assembled in such vast numbens , and he would express his hope that whenever they met for the furtherance of Radical principles they would conduct themselrea as temperately and respectably as- they had done
on tbat occasion . The object of that meetiug was unj questionably a laudable one , and he hoped that It would draw forth th * exercise of hmnasity in the j minds of all present S » far as regarded the patttag ' ari : ; additional halfpenny upoa the Northern Star , he thoHgbi j that there was no person wij » took the Star who would j object to that . ( Hear , hear , heaj . ) Bat many who ] were present like himself might » ot be subscribers to ; the'&ar , and it was possible that the toying oa of tkat j additional halfpenny might mak * a great many persons | give up taking it This was another consideration , and | ought to induce each of them to exert themselves in that way , and endeavour to increase tho circulation of the paper in order that they might obtain more halfpennies . Another reason why they saould
endeavours to do this was tbat the Northern Star was what might ba called " The Polar Star of the Radical cause at this moment , and tbe more widely it was circulated the more widely thai cause would spread ; aad therefore he thought they should never lose an opportunity of extending its circulation , at the same time that they would be raising BUbscriptions for the maintenance of the families of those who are in prison . The amount thus raised by the additional halfpenny , or j by the more extended circulation of the Star would not perhaps be very much ; but that , with other means and other subscriptions , woald enable sufficient to be raised to administer comfort , and perhaps something of happiness to all ( Hear , hear . ) He was sure there was not ; a Radical in tke country , who had been prosecuted for
his opinions , who would not say that he had zeal and courage and fortitude enough to bear his imprisonment , if generously supported by the people . If , on the other hand , they ware not supported by those in whose causo they were suffering , their punishment would not only be doubled , but both Judge and Jury , in the absence of tbe , sympathies of their fellow Radicals , would at once say that they had not been imprisoned undeservedly , but that they had done tbat fo * which , they ought to suffer . If , therefore , they supported those men , as it was their duty to support them , the cause of Radicalism would not only be respected and extended , but the
minds of the sufferers themselves would be strengthened ; and when released from bondage , would engago in the cause with renewed vigour , and would be still better able to pilot the vessel of reform safely into a peaceful harbour—iloud chetrs ); and thus to free us from the load of misery which we now were enduring through the oppression and misrule of those who ought to govern us . As there were other friends to address them he should conclude by moving the first resolution , which he cordially supported , hoping also that they would not simply carry it in form , but also in practice , when they left that meeting . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . )
Mr . David Robehts was called upon to second the resolution . He said if ever good men deserved any services from him he believed that were he to search the country round he ceuld not find better men—men more deserving their sympathy and assistance , than the men who are now incarcerated in the gnote of Kirkdale and Chester , and tbe rest of the gaols fa the country ; but particularly those cdnlned in the two gaols he l ; ad mentioned , inasmuch as he himself bad seen them -wb »* the gaping jawa of A prison vsii ^ ea ^ tipon «« an , bearing ottwith utmost fortitude , having marie up their minds for the worst , and many of them , while their trials were going cm , laughing at the base mockery of a trial for endeavouring to do good to thtir fellowcountrymen . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) Wbateve might have been the imputed crime of those patriotic men , their sufferings were extremely great , while
they were incarcerated in prison , for they were made the scoff of the turnkeys ; people were brought in to look at them , to scoff at them , and to jeer at them ; and when they received tkeir few potatoes , or their skilly you might see , as he saw when at Chester , sixteen or twenty ladies , and as many gentlemen , ( so called ) around the rails above looking down upon them receiving their pitiful scanty meal , and eying them with a look of scorn and contempt Their sufferings there were &re * t while in a prison ; but let the people recollect that those sufferings could be much mitigated if they had but the consolation of knowing that there had been meetings such as that all over the country to support them—and not them only , but the widows and orphans , ( for such they were , ) of those they had left behind . Many of them too had left aged mothers who looked to them for support , and who , when deprived of their sons , were perhaps
" Deprived of every stay , save innocence and heaven . " And it certainly was their duty to . look to them also , for they too were worthy of sympathy and support ( Hear , hear , hear . ) The last few months had been to many of them a trying time ; but for himself he believed he might say that he was more than ever enamoured with tbe causo of freedom , after seeing his brother Radicals and fellow prisoners—for he himttlf had been a prisoner—brave every thiDg in tbe manner in which they had done . They might perhaps think it was strange , but it was a fact that at Chester there were no Iocs than three of them trying who should be fint to get into the dock . ( Hear , hear , and laughter . ) Three of them did get in , and it was so full that two of them had to be turned out ( Cheers , and
laughter . ) It bad happened some how or other , fortunately for himself , that he hadjBpped out of their fingers ; and he believed it wSffor want of £ 2 4 s . 2 d . to procure documents ; and he should b « roty glad II others had been able to slip through their fingtt » too . ( Hear , h « ir . ) Ho had mentioned the situation of those who were in prison with their " skilly and potatoes ; but he was afraid thai those who had formerly been dependent upon them might be without " skilly" while they were in confinement ; if so , however , be should say " shame upon us and tbe country" if they allowed those families to pine away for want of the necessaries of lifo after all they had done for the good of the common cause ; and whatever might be their faults none could deny that Eaglaud , Ireland , and Scotland ' s bravest
sons—for such they were—were now incarcerated for the advocacy of liberty throughout the country . He would say again "Shame upon them if they did not only support them while in prison , but their wives and families also . He was glad to see that the friends of the Charter had come forward in such numbers to support their persecuted leaders . He thought the suggestion , so far as concerned the Star , was a good one : because he thought that no party who took the Star could object to it , let them be Whigs , Tories , or Radicals ; for in a cause like this—a cause which was purely the cause of humanity—all party distinction should be merged in one common feeling of sympathy for those who had been deprived of their friends , that the pangs of
separation might thus be lessened , and tho cravings of nature be supplied with that , which could only afford relief . ( Hear , heir . ) It was their business to support them ; it was their duty to support them ; and thtymus recollect that those were not the only ones they would have to support ; they must not think thafc the battle between right and might was now ended . No , no -. they would have to rapport many others after those came out of confinement ; as M'Douall had said , it was only fair that they should now and then change places ; yes , and let them change and change about until the damned system should totter and fall to the ground . ( Very load cheers . ) It was very likely that he , for one , might have deserved some little blame for the use of strong expressions ; but he was really of opinion that whatever strong expressions he might have used they were afraid of trying him for those strong expressions . However , whether they were strong or not he
would candidly confess that he was of the same opinion BtilL ( Cheers . ) The battle , however , was not yet ended , for , in bis opinion , many would yet have to be saennced before Universal Suffrage was gained— -sacrificed not merely as regarded their liberty , but that many a stream of blcod would yet have to flow before this measure was finally accomplished . ( Hear , hear . ) That it would ba accomplished , however , no one could doubt r for in every part of the country there was a growing intelligence and a growing feeling of tho right of every man to be represented in ihe legislature . What had we to expect from the present state of things ? Why there was scarcely a man to be found anywhere who would not admit that aH was wrong , that all was disorder and national confusion and bankruptcy ; and it was for attempting to remedy tho £ e evils that th » se men were incarcerated—shut out from the Irght of the sun and the society of thoir friends—for there were y \ 9 u . ox a dozen of fttm ia Ckcsicr Castt . e , trUo could
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not see even a ray of the son during the whole of the day . This was a most pitiable situation in which to fee placed , and the condition of those men , thus BBjastiy persecuted , ought to enlist tho sympathy and exertion or urery good and virtuous man . ( Hear , bear . ) If anything more than another could make him more determined to persevere in this cause , it was tho corruption and partiality . that ; was manifested even in the Kf ^ r ' jOst !( *« « wn » ltA . What we « ld they «^ , ° , * Jurymun toUin ? b&n in the str « t » of Chester . SM ^ , m ^ e a l 0 D * < tef 9 Bce h 0 would Vaare to be cewieted , whereas , if hemade a short one , they would pro ^ y givohiai a half-a , crown piece , and aeriops or not , Jut for his own part he believed it te *» e » fact , that Johnson , of Stockport , was offered nearly £ 20 if he would plead guilty ; and ; t was a ceriaiu fact that . ... '
many bad been sentenced to twelve months imprisonment in Chester Castle , who-had done notMiJ more than any or tvery individual in that building had done . Ihere wasHowarth , of Stockport , had been committed merely for having a long atiok in his house ,, though Uere was nothing to fit it ; there was n » pHw , or any thing elso of an offensive triad , and they mighi depend open it tbat the dread enteotaiued by the authorities of Stockport of the conseauencta of their oppression was one reason why they were so anxious te . persuade ttw prisoners to plead guilty . Many of those at Stockport had families , and yet , simply because a policeman chooses to come into their houso and find * fiistoL or sword , they must be imprisoned fpr twelve months , and then find sureties for their good behaviour ! Thi& was a pretty affair , and yet many of those pessona could aotbe proved-to be in any way connected either , with any Association or with any meeting whatever . But it
was no matter ; the minds of the Jury we » e made up before . trial in all cases , and as Mr . CottLngbam had aaid , " If an angel from Leaven were to coma down to defend you Chartists , it would be all of no avail ! yaa would be sure to be cenxieted . " ( Hear , hear . ) Now , then , considering all this , was tuer * not leasao sufficient why they should go on ajifcating as they had done , being determined , at all hazards , to have such a change in our institutions as- wouid better enable us to obtain justice . ( Hear , heaK ) They most only go on pursuing tha- same course as thej had hitherto pursued . He granted tiiat there might > e many imper fections in their system of agitation ; he granted that considering tUe pressure , of the times sta » ng language might have been used ; , but what did it arise from ?
Was it from any premeditated dc-siga ? Not at all . He , as -would be acknowledged by all sensible- men , might give vent to many expressions ia tha beat of excitement of which he would be ashamed in bis eookr moments . And yei this was all that they nad been tried for : it was not from any wish to overturn anything that was good in the country :. not at all ; H all aroso from a wish that the condition of the people might be ameliorated ; that our young men might haw the means of earning their bread by the sweat of their brow , and that our old men and old women , when they wore unable to work , should be provided for . This perhaps was the best feature in Universal Suffrage , that all men should come within the pale of the constitution , and that all should have a voice in tbe making of the laws
, and the distribution of that property which they produce . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) He had mentioned thu offers tbat had been made by the Jury , and he had told some of them on Saturday morning that it was his intention to . occupy several hours in his defence . It would take him two-and-a-half hours to read the Charter , fire or six hours in commenting on the indictment , and five or six hours in defending himself . Whtn he told them this they said it had cost them twenty shillings each to stop over Saturday , and at that rate it would * cost them thirty shillings more to remain till Monday until his trial was over . ( Hear , bear . ) He could only say that it was his decided impression tbat at Chester every man was convicted before triaL No sooner were the Jury required to consider their vordict
then , with the most indecent haste , before it waa hardly possible to collect the opinions of twelve men , they pronounced " guilty , " as tho result of tUeit " deliberations , " in alnioBj ; every ease . At Liverpool , however , they had a better chance . And why should they stand and see their fellow men sacrificed in this way ? Were they thus to be sacrificed ? He for one wonld say ne , and so far as lay in his power he would nao every nieana that providence might place in his power to do all he could for those in prison , having visited many of them in Chester , and having been three months in gaol himself . Now then , after all , it must be admitted that all these prosecutions were only helping the lame dog over tbe style . When the Chartists firet went to Chester , there was such a prejudice
against them , that bullies were engaged on every side to beat them ; but now that thoir principles were better Known , instead of receiving such coarse treatment , they met with the sympathies of the peopleaud it "was no uncommon ihing for them to send legs of mutton into the gaol , and other kinds of food in order that , though they were confined , they might at least have some of the comforts of life . He was there the other day , when Bradley camo out , after eight month * imprisonment ; there Were fifty or sixty Chester Chartists who invited him to dinner , which , however be declined , intending immediately ^ set off for home . Such , hftwever , wks his attachment to the principle * of Cbar tt » m t $ pt hejEorgot , t $ jplamfc- ^ d- ; rffln * iB 6 d "iSS » sl ^ o < s » BenWtr while ^ ho was deienuinir himself
baW ^ S * I > T >** - papers » ; ana . noKr » nd then supplying bitewith oranges , at . 4 ^ JniWtng fcsuide him from I quarter to twelve , at iie * b tfileltven o ' clock at night { Loud cheers ^ Now , tbU showed at once that all these prosecutions , instead of stopping the progress of Chartism , were only carrying on a much more rapid rate of agitation , than ever the people were able to carry on by means pf meetings . All their agitation was nothing compared to the effect of these persecutions ; for , as Mr . P . O'Connor had said , a Chartist nieetirg was held in the courts of justice every day a Chartuc was tried ; and through the means of these prosecutions , hundreds had been converted to Chartist principles , because they could not resist the truths that were told by the several defendants In their
advocacy of the People ' s Charter . ( Hear and cheers . ) They had been told by the several judges , before whom Chartists had been tried , that every man had a right to express bisopinions in reference to the conduct and the policy of Government , and to oppose any measure which they thought was against the interests of the country , by all the constitutional meana which they had in their power . For his own part he thought that in defending himseff be sh « uld resist force by force , rather than suffer unjustly , or allow his constitutional rights to be' Invaded . ( Cheers . ) He could not but concur in the resolution that had been proposed , and although he was not now a subscribes to the Northern Star , for he was too poor at present to afford ityet
, when his means were improved , as he hoped they would sometime bo , he should become a subscriber to it again . Independent , however , of this consideration , andindeed part from even the consideTatiou of Radical principles , he thought the least that any party could do was to come forward and subscribe a halfpenny per wfeek towards the maintenance of those who bad beea cast into prison for conscience' sake , or at least for advocating what Jtwy Urtheir hearts believed to betfce best meanl of promoting the interests of all who clalniod England as tnefaf iather land . ( Hear , hear , and cheera . ) He therefore cordially seconded the resolution , and thauked them fox the patience with which they had heard hkn . -
The CHAiBttAN then put the resolution , which was c&rrled nnaniinoBsly and with cheers . Mti Jamss LbaGS was call upon to move the second resolution , which was : —• " That in order that these friends to the causo of justice and mercy , who do not subscribe to the Mar , may hare an opportunity of recording their sympathy , this meeting agree to place boxes in the hands of the following persons :- ^ -Mr . Heywood , Mr . Wro . \ Mr . Nightingale Mr . Appleton , Bank Top , Mrs . Richardson , Salford and at the Corporation Store , and all the Radical Association Rooms ; and that these persons bo appointed to sea the same carried into effect And further , that we re ? quest Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., to superintend the dij tribution collected by the Star , in order that the 80 i ferera ia each town may have their proper quota , » J cording to the amount of its victims . "
He said be was sorry that no one had been « alled xi who was better able to perform the task that waa £ «? fided to himthan himself ; but perhaps the major rart of those who were present knew pretty W i th « reason why this wa 3 the case—via . that most «/ thair leaders were in prison for the advocacy of Radie < , \ , Sr ciples ; and that fact was suflSclent of itself to a » i mulate them to further exertion , and tO 8 how thO 6 d ^ W iTLX thought by their puny efforts to put down tflft » eo » lemischievous as those efforts had been—that tf J ^ i u be very far ia the back ground yet ( Cheer £ , ¦ yrhD * waa now the position of the people ? Thef jtoveriimen ? bad , in the strength of all its vindicate fu / y iniuS tyranny , and . despotism , endeavoured to > a ^ L « , JZ ' rent of public opinion , and had gone agtf tnst the liber ties of ^ . country . But had they succo ? 4 ed inputting down public opinion , which must soone r or later over throw their monstrous aggressions , and' ni . ~ + i , „„ " a level wUh their fellow men ? No ; if .. gSigSfi they . ev * r could . So long as oppress ! an increased sa lonj w the people were placed ia the , miS 5 Ser ? so l w they were giving to their ZtT ^ l ft * bfj / of
ong . ~ "•"" a •« - ~~ j .. ww . o- « w « uu . oppressors fresh rn ^ ps increasing their TOaltb , * jd Z K •¦ £ y * themselves were decreasin ? in the means they hadii obtaining the comforts of life , so : £ * JK 2 q £ ¦ ramment ererbe a * fault iaead * avoufiiS > ut L ™ constitutional agitation . ( Hear , - K ^ raS dld S of the Judges « aytfce otter day when paX sente ^ oatome of the Chartists ? D * he noTsSwS tbat during the whole circuit y ^ chartSshadbeen tried , notwithstanding ^ he V id said , ^ ffk ^ w ° l ? £ ^ S ^ Chartist who bM t ^ convinced that what he ha 4 done was wro » . ( Ve iy loud cneeri ^" What , the * , could ttioy ^ pect , ^ neither gaot homes of correotioni gibbr ts , nor tortures could hm .
vtnt mm from saying W at which they thought was right ? < Cheers . ) It war , impossible they ever could put 4 own < 5 hartisni by * r iy other means than by granttag thefidr and reason , ble demands of the people , who xelttbeir "wrongs , and who were determined to obtain redress . ( Hear , hear . > They hjuT crammed the gaols with prisoners ; the ?/ tad deyoj&l- to the altar of Moloch those who > were only' seeking justice for themselves and " their families—( hear , hear )—but had they succeeded in one single instance in putting down , -or arresting the" progress of this agitation ? Ko ^ and all this ought onl y to shew tkeni the . folly ot pw ' tttng down , or attempting to put dow » ,
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the claiipi of tho people by anything short of a timely Mid gen « n > iui coaeession of their just demands . Indeed , it , woagd baa deplorable state of things If they could put dow ^ their claims by any other means . They had seen , dnrfag the last twenty years , that just in proportion aa webadl increased In the production of the things that were necessary for the comfort and happiness of mankind , that just in the same proportion the labouringv classes had been robbed and cheated of their just earnings , till at length we had come to such * state of things that ; every man in that assembly , who was in full work , was producing as much as nine men could produce fifty yean ago , and was at the same time not enjoying so much as that ons man was then enjoying by six-eighahs of his produce . Mr . Leach proceeded to speak at considerable length on the evils which bad beon prodaeed V » y an unrestricted use of machinery , and to castigate , in the most severe manner , tbe conduct j » f the present Government . . , i * ..
[ Our reports of other meetings prevent us from giving this excellent speech at further length . ] Mr . P . Knighi brteSy seconded the resolution , which was carried amid loud cheers . A vot 9 of thanks having been given to the Chairman , the meeting separated .
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AMERICAN OPINIONS OF ENGLISH FRIVOLITY . Weare indobted to a friend for a small file of American newspaperoyfrom one of which , tho New Era , published in New York , of the date , March 21 st , 1840 , we extract the following sample of the manner in which Joha Bull is quizzed and pitied by Jonathan . " J VICTORIAN A , OR THa TWADDLE OF THE QUEENDOM .. —We have poruaed a-great number of the English newspapers arrived here by the Great Western , &n < L as a subject of amusement to ourselves and our readers , we will make some cursory comments on the matter and spirit of our perusals .
They announce that at St . James ' s Chapel , Feb . 10 , 1840 , the"Qaeea * amo 8 t excellent Majesty was united in wedlock to Field Marshal , His Royal Highness , Francis Alborfc Augustus Charles I&amanuel , Duke of Sase ,. Prinee of Saxe Cobutg awL Gotha , Knight of the most noble order of the Gaxtec , and of * he Goldea . Reece . " Names and tides enough in all conscience ; almost equal to any of the cplleg'&te literati , ox qnack doctors . It appears that the Order of the Golden Fleece was conferred on Prince Albert by tho Queen of Spain , and it ia considered as a special marfc of Royal favour that her Majesty conferred this illustrious order of knighthood on the Prince , because he has not yet distinguished himself so far , as in the court of chivalry " -to earn hia spura . " In plain words , he has not yet committed murder or robbery .
Upon this subject of great moment , the Conservative prints gravely remark , that of the thirty-five or forty foreign orders of distinction , conferred on his Grace the Duke of Wellington , that of the Golden Fleece is the only one generally worn by his Grace !! But oh ! the weepings and ^ lamentations of the Conservatives , and they will not be comforted 5 A large portion of the nation is in an indescribable state of chagrin and distress , because only two of the Tory nobility , one of whom was his Grace of Wellington , were invited to the Royal nuptials . "The most loyal of her subjects , " " the greatest ornaments of the realm "—" the most devoted supporters of the throne "— - " the most ancient and illustrious peerages of England . " Alas , alas . and ten-fold wo . alas I
But there is a crumb of comfort—the Queen ' s Bride Cake ! But who made it is the question . Even here thero ia contention . " Messrs . Gunter , Waud and Co ., have been mentioned as the artistes en gateaux" " But such is sot the fact . "The regal pile the ponderous cake was designed and executed in all its parts , by Mr . Mawdit , chief confectioner to her Majesty . " Thank Heaven this is settled , or a revolution might have resulted firom this very important topic of the Queendoni ! Then the illuminations , feasts , and dinner parties all over the Queeudom . Government offices shut up , Law Courts stopped—business shops closed—the heads of the old and the young—of the wise and tlie foolish , all occupied with the wedding , the
decorations , festivities , and gewgaws and foolerieB . And to gratify the intense curiosity of her Majesty ' s subjects , Mr . Colburn , under the" very first authority , " has published a book entitled , " Prince Albert and tho House of Saxe . " But there is another side of the picture in happy England—some croak about . *• blood purpled robes of royalty . feasting at ease and lording over millions . " M The hut of poverty—the wretched labourer , worn with toil , dividing his scanty morsel with hia infants , " while there is given by Parliamentj £ 390 , 0 « 0 per ann . for an establishment . 38 , 000 per ann . for a husband . 70 , 800 per ann . for stables .
And only £ 30 , 000 for educating the people . Besides , it ia said that the Queen almost wept her eyea out , because Parliament cut her husband ' s allowance down BO low . While others assert , that to console his brid ^ b ft , ftBfittMd har . that * & > , *> & » jjreaik is * noble " and generous allowance I How soothing I A morning paper says , a new eotn is to . be issued in honour ot the marriage ; a thirty shilling piece to represent a sovereign and a half . There is also to be a new silver coin of five shillings , with the Queen oa one side and Prince Albert on the other , to show that they have just got a crown between thorn .
Alas ! every nation has got some monstrous thing to contend against , and as Britons rule the water as well as the dry land , they have got two monsters to trouble them , Socialism and Radicalism . The Bishop of Exeter is Jack the Giant Killer of the one , and celebrated Jack Ketch will do for the other . The Bishop has made a speech in Parliament , showing up all the horrors of Socialism , and many pious persons of the Queeadom ; are painfully shocked that her Majesty ' s Ministers introduced Robert Owen to the royal presence . She assures them , however , that she will be-the- guardians of their morals and their persons . The military and Jack Ketch will keep down Radicalism * We cannot conceive it Dossibla . for » sweat nation
to behave with more childishness-and folly than England has done upon the wedding ofiher feminine Executive . All the parade-and . display that has been made is wholly the reverse o £ dignity and greatness , which is always-consistent with simplicity . Wo cannot concern it / possible ; that the truly great men of that nation , causinoorely enter into all the foolery and twaddle oft monjucchy and nobility . No , no , these shows and * oeremcaiala are necessaryarts of that species of Gavernjaeat ^ tikkeep up political superstition . How long will Europe bom fc&eath king 3 and , nobles , whose ancestors weroy foe tho most past , common highway rcfebara , living in rocky fastnessesand castles 1 The aobjlity of the Scottish and E ££ ~ lisa border , and tbe ABgl ^ toish nobility , are >
decidedly the posterity of toigands . And as for Knight ? of tho GaldeuTleeeey England ' s East India Compa ' iiy—her director j of tbe Bank of Eng landher Brjrings , RatbecbildB ,. and other fund mongers , and ti . er merchants are * par excellence , tha- most thoro ughbrad Knights ef the Golden Flesoe the worl d ever saw ... They rob and fleece evesy station np < fr or the canopy of heaven . In short , virtual eannily alism is the real characteristic of England ' s lar tded aad funding aristocracy . They prey upon tb e conuson people at home , and upon all other v ations abroad ; human beings are their victims ? very where , and by them , so far as their influence ' extends ,, the masses are plundered , swindled , degraded to an . existence of wretchedness , misery ,
ignorance and crime . Well may Wellington wear the insignia of the order of the Golden Fleece , in preference to all other orders ; and veil may the Prince Consort be honoured with the , same distinction!—They are appropriate . And we wonld suggest to the Queen ot Spain , to honour the Barings , Brothers and Co ., and all tho fund mongers , and bank presidents , and directors in the world , not exceptin ¦ the citizen king , with the order of the Golden Fleece . They are genuine fleecers of tho working massesblood suckers of the human race ! The business world of the Queendom is in a high state of indignation because the Chinese Government is opposed to the subjects of the Quesndom poisoning the subjects of tho Celestial Empire with
^ opium . The Celestials must consume the drug some way or other , because British commerce must go on , ia order that British Monarchy may be supported . If not , there will be a terrible war between opium and tea , the greater poison against the lesser one . Frost , Williams , and Joxea have been shipped as convicts for New South Wales . Lord Brougham declared that there never was clearer evidence of innocence on any trial than in the case of the 30 men . But his Lordship forgot that the trial for treason was only trying a fiction in order to arrive at a fact . Radicalism was the object sought for and found , and this , at present , is we unpardonable treason . It means the Rights of Man , and thi ? , of course , is
monstrous treason against an Hereditary Executive and Legislators by birth-right . A Government of Church and State , fonnded on the hereditary principle , denies that man has any natural rights ; on the contrary , men are by nature depraved and desperately wicked . How , then , can they have any natural right and capability of governing themselves ? . With all the rejoicings of the Queendom , it is a land of horror . There is more misery , suffering , and crime among twenty millions of British population , than in any forty millions of any other people on earth . ** Thousands are famishing frith hunger , hearts are withered by oppressive laws , which excites no sympathy , but a patent of nobility can command the prayers of thousands . " So much for the Hereditary Executive , and a Senate for life .
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Steam Febbt acboss tbe Thames . —On Monday , the 30 th jult ., Mfc Creed ' s new Steam Ferry-boat , of fifteen horse power , commenced her career between Tilbury . Fore and Grayesend . The steamer tows large boats across the river ; these boats are fitted with benches at the sides for passengers , and there are other , boats for horses aud carriage ? ,
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LIKES WRITTEN IN PRISON . BY JOHK WATKWS . ' . ¦ iTe nought to ^ o but listen Haw , To hear the " iron tongue of time , " As day by day it tells ho-w slow . My heavy hours in prison climb . The sunshine on the whtten'd trail . Reflected throuph the massy grate . A cheqner'd shade whore light should fall . Mirrors to mo my prison fate ; Harsh grating thunder through tho walls . Resounds as turns tho pond ' roua bat *—"All ' ssafe ! All ' s well ! " the tarnkeyarife—His warning key my hearing . jars .
The singing birds , the roving wind , Wafce lifo without to join their g !« e ; I ' m with you , free ones ! in my mind—What pain it , is your sports to see I The very smoke , in freedom curi'd , As if rejoiced to get away , Waves like a pennon just unfuri ' d On some triumphant Lolidjy . No one to talk with , none bavo I , Exulting worldlings keep aloof ; I speak , aud echo makes reply , - Deep whiAporing from iny vaulted roaf . It ia relief to me to see My shadow glide along the wall ; For then , it teems , I ' ve company , A human friend to talk withaL
They tell me boys are prison'd here . Who go distract with terrors sore ; And men who shed a childish tear" Hard men that never wept before . Dear gentle lad ! my only friend ! ¦ 1 hear no iiiore tfly kindiy tone : Thou wouldst have stayed on me to tend—Thou * rt gone , and I ' m indeed alone . My crime is n » y humanity ' . Will none rel-ase me ? Friends , not yon ? If all refuse to sprak for me , ¦ 'Tis fit that I be silent too . They ' ve , ta ' en my liberty away .
Because they said 1 was too free : Oh Ood ! if hero my body lay , Lit my freed soul suar up to Theft .
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CHARTISM , FROM SHAKSPBARR . No . I . " Send danger from the E ; ist nnto the West , So honour cross u from Northto South , And let them grapple;—O ! t ! e Wood more stirs To rouse a lion , than to start a hare . " " By heaven , methinks , it -were an ensy ^ leap , To pluck bright honour from ts © pale-faced moos ; Or dive into the bottom of tlfe deep , Where fathom-line could novor touch the grooad . ' And pluck up drowned honour by the locks ; So be , that doth redeem her thence , might wear . Without co-rival , ail her digaities ! But out upon this balf-face& ' fcllowship >
" V > hy , look you , I am wbipp'd and acourgM witfc rods , Nettled , and stung with pismires , when I hear Of this vile politician , — — . " " Out of the nettle danger , we pluck the Snw safety . "
** Tb ; s is no world To play with mamihets , and to tilt Hh lipa ; We must have bloody u&ses , and crack'd cruwna ^ , And pass them current two . " * Tell truth and 3 hame the devil . " " Defect of manners , vant of government * Pride , 'haughtiness , opinion , and disdain ; The least of which , haunting a nobleman * Losetn men ' s ntarw " Being fed by us . you U 3 ed us so As that ungentle gull , tho cuckoo bird , Useth the sparrow ;; did oppress our iesi- ; . Grew by over-feedtttg to so gwat a bulk ) That even our love liarst not come near yoar aig&S ^ For fear of swallb . wHig ; but with nimble 'wine
We were enfore'd ,. for safety sake , to fly Out of your eight ,, and raise this present Bead s Whereby we stand opposed by sui-h maaos As you yourself have forged against yisnartf ; By Unkind usage , ding ^ rous counteuaawi . And violation of all faith and troth Sworn to us in y «« ir younger enterfrissas' * " O , gentlemen , tho time of life ia short i To spend that djortness barely , wersrfax * long . If life did ride upon a ilial ' a point , ' Still ending akthe arrival of an hocs ? T M Now * for otuMfonacience —^ tho njrtca- ore tttr « < When the intent of bearing the : a ^ ju « t . " " The beitexr part of valour vis ds-wrstiao . * ' King Hekivx UVu , Paht t .
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VERSES SUGGESTED QK- READING IN THE feWoT NUMDBB . 9 » THE KOnTQEKK STAR TBE FOI . UVVtlSG VRBSB?—•« . Mayvtba Rose or England cever blow ; May the Clyde of Scotland ce&mrto Sow—Ms ? tiiB Harp of Ireland nevsr play , Uniil the Chartitta gain theMy . "
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SONG . BY WILLIAM S . VILLIERS SANKET , H . A . ¦ Air— "Ye Mariners of England . "' Ye working men of England , Who plough your nativu soil , Whose bands have reared her fabric * With unabated toil ; Though your labours clothe her nolitoa , Tee Monarch on the throne , Yet bereft , ye aro left , " In slavery to groan While tho wealthy revel proudly . Still in slavery ye groan . In battle field contending , With the might of England ' s foes . Your fathers won those laurels
Which twine with England's Rose ; Yet wh $ n ye sought the Commons' Houm , Your Suffrage rights to own , Still bereft , ye were U ft , In slavery to groan . While purse-proud voters paM you bjf . And yd iu slavery groan . They boast of Englaud ' s freedom , And toast it o ' er thtir wise , While millions of her bravest sons , In want disfranchised pine ; But the nation is degraded , While ye , her sons arc knows , Thus bereft , to be left , In slavery to groan , While the millions are disfranchised , . And still in slavery groan .
Yet t working men of England , . Give way not to despair , For your banner yet shall prondly Float high upon the air ; Tour rights shall be conceded , The bogle shall be blown , To the fame , of your name . When none in slavery groan—When ye have won your freedom , And none in . slavery groan .
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?^ eare , in Aprill , oiie William Geffrye was whipped rom the Marshall-sea , 'in Souchwarke , untill bo came to Bedlame without Bishopgate , for afiirming that one John More , whoe then layo in Bedlame , was Je 3 us Christ , and that the same Jeffrye was bvs disciple ; uppon his heade was sett a paper , wiierem waa expressed the quality of his offence , inthe 9 wordes — " William Genfre , a most blasphemous hereticke , denying Christ oar Saviour [ to bej in heaven / ' Afc Bedlame , John More was brought fourth , > efor « whom Geffryo was whipped , uutill he ooafessed that Jesus Chrifit was in Heaven . Then was Mora and
examined , whoansweann ^ both stoutly etoely , was commanded to pat otic his apparrell , which b » readily performed , and then was tycd to a ^ cart . Bat scarce had he been whipped one bow-shottein length , bat he confessed tliat Jesus Christ wa / in heaven , and that he , the sayd Mors > , was a raiswsbla ! man . Then Mas More returnetiprisoner to B ^ dUme , and Jeffrye to the Marshall-sea , where tjwy , had remayned prisonerea about a ycere and a fcatfe before . I havei sstt downs this as a notable president to convince and- xeclayine boreticks both obstktate and absurd , especially when they rise to any nigh , pitch of madnesse ; for , from some degree , without exceptione , J exempt uone . —Hayward ' s Rfign ( jf Elizabeth .
©R%Wal Cotrreje^On^Nwe. ©**Httnal Corrt&Pmt&Gncg.
© r % wal CotrrejE ^ on ^ nwe . ©** Httnal Corrt&pmt&gncg .
To Feallqus O'Connor, Esq.
TO FEAllQUS O'CONNOR , ESQ .
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¦ Sin , —I -wras forcibly struck on reading the letter of a lover of liberty , on whkh I observe you have made some comments ; the following quotation is -H-orthy of consideration : — The working classes are very poor ! the two last words are emphatically true- they are indeed very poor ! Had the lover of liberty devJsed a scheme whereby the poor man would be enabled to ameliorate his condition , and hrighten the now cloudy pro 3 pects of the future , then might he have aided to kis designation the ' Poor man ' s friend "
Far be it from me to treat with scorn or contempt tbe feelin- appeal made on behalf of the wives and little ones of tho * ecow suffering under the iron ro = l of despotism , i Let every lover of equity and justice—every hater of tyranny and oppression do -what he can to aid them ; but let no man do anything to retard the dissemination of Cbartirt principles . Let the raya of the Northern luminary shin © - «» ljand- 'iiwt » -rnto theininds of all , iueir duty towards those for -whom tht-y ou ^ ht to have a feWow fee ' iing ; but do not coerce those who maybe un \ rilling—do not innilt those , who , from very poverty , may be unable to ' pay even the smail addition of one halfpenny on each paper . I remain , Sir , Tub Pooa Mas ' s Friksd . Edinburgh , April 16 th , 1840 .
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* We have omitted a few lines here , which -were toaeeeaaary to the writers purpose . Eds . I B ^
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Kay the Rose of Engl&ni never blow—And Scotia ' s Thistle cease-to grow ; Hay Erin's Shamrock die > % way , XTntil the Chartists gain tj * & day . And may the icy band of V . eath , Soon stop the rank pestijfrous breathy Of him . who is the Chactfefs foe , : Until the Charter is the . law .
Then may England's b ^ ghtest gem , Appear more lovely oa its stem ; May Scotia ' s Thistle proudly rear Her prickly head the * jeys to share * - May Erin , too , upoa thit day , Her Shamrock to tae vrprid display ; "VVLile tyranta at eur feet do lie , Writhing in dlrefal agony . Carlisle . J . R .
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¦ ¦ ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . : H 7 - { 1 ¦ - ¦ '' "¦ ' ~ '• • ~ i ;; Vi ¦ ' •• - ¦ ' ¦ ¦ : ' ¦' ,- ' - '¦ '''• •' : r .. ifi ' -
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Whipping Blasphemy ovt of Hebktics . — Thi «
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 25, 1840, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/king-y1kbzq92ze2681/page/7/
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