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Kow Ready, a' New Edition of
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The " Gest."— Tie^ent ia of comparatively late creation. He has sprung from the original rude «n-
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xuiorea man by combinations of chance .a...
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THE PEOPLE AND THEIR RULERS.
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With the better promises of the Past unr...
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STATE OF THE COUiNTRY. The misfortunes, ...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW.. All the propositi...
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A short debate, on a motion of Dr Bowrin...
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The proposal of the Government on Monday...
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Bentinck made a statement on : the subje...
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««"*'"""''•^.""^• ¦ .'•-¦•¦^^^^^••^rf.'.i'^^^^^^^W^1 ** Co * leal»fr$# CoiTesf|)on5M&
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S5P We beg to remind our readers of the ...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Kow Ready, A' New Edition Of
Kow Ready , a' New Edition of
Ad00408
MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS To he bad at the Ntrttem Star Oraee , 16 , Great 'Wind jnfll Street ; and of Ahel Hey wood , Manchester .
Ad00409
IMPORTANT TO EMIGRANTS . A GBICrjLTTJRISTS and others may purclwsa 159 A ACRES OP RICH UMBERED LAND Wi , Western virgikia , described i s & g % I %£ ABOUT THREE SHILLINGS ^ PER ACRE . -J I-s . only to be paid down , the remainder in FIVE AS aval PAYMENTS . . . _ to . For farther informauonapp'y w CflAMJBS WILLMEH , _ American Land Office , ETAStET BCItDIVCS , BATH STREET , LIVERPOOL . « w . *« m max be had a ftunpbkt on Enugra & tu , in SictSe ^ U ^^ % ly described , and tbe terms of 2 ale «^ ed , by sending three postage stamps to free ibesanje .
Ad00410
NOTICE . TheSbareboldersof fteSATlOSAL LASD 430 MPANY are hereby informed that A GRAXD , DEMOKSTRATIOS Will take place at 0 * C 0 X 50 R 7 ILLE , HERTS , On Whit Monday , May 24 th , 1817 , To commemorate the Anniversary of the Company . The Directors siut baring succeeded in obtaining a special train from London for the occasion , the Metropo Iitan members are recommended to proceed to the estate hy van or railway . Day ticket- ; to sud from Watford can iehadat Euston- « qU 3 re stat'uu fur 2 s . 6 d . each . The branches willmake their own arrangements immediately Tbe time and place of starting for vans and other reticles will be announced in a future notice . Bv Order , or the Directors .
Ad00411
IMPORTANT TO PHOTOGRAPHISTS . A If application was made on the 22 nd Stptsmber , to . the Vice-Chancellor of England , by Air . Beard «* o , acting under a mostextraurdiny delusi ja , considers tumscii the sole patentee of the Photographic process !) to restrain UK . ESERTOS , of l , Temple-strict , and 148 , fleet-street , rom taking Photographic Portt . Uts , which le does by a process entirely discreet fron and very eperior to Mr . Beard ' s , and at one-half the ciirge . His Honour refused the application in toto . Uo license required to practice this process , which is taught by 3 Ir . Egerton in a frw lessons at a moderate « imrge-AU tho Apparatus , Chemicals , ic , te n « Uad as usual this Denot . l , Temple-street , IVhitefriars .
Ad00412
AUXILIARY TO TUE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . THE FOUNDER of thc NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE BENEFIT SOCIETY respectfully acquaints his krethren of the Land Company und his Brother Democrats in general , that his onject in founding the Society % ras to aid and assist the National Land Company in its glorious efforts to emancipate the human race , by pouring fondsinto its exchequer , through the means of the NATIONAL LAND and LABOER BANE ; but the adoption Of the PEOPLE'S BANE has proved a death-blow to the . enrolment otthe Society . All enrolled societies since the ' passing of the Sew Prienoly Societies' Act , being compelled to deposit their cash in the Bank of England , and thus furnish the " sinews" to uphold a Standing Army , Police , Pensioners , & c , instead of aiding to regain the Xand for the People , and furnishing "Happy Homes for Honest Industry , "—the Founder betisves his Brother Democrats will join-with him in infinitely preferring the latter ; he has , therefore , with the full consent and approbation of the Directors , resolved to issue the Rules tmenrolied , and although they may lack that protection which the "Begistrar ' s" signature is presumed to gire , he natters himself the following securities will be sufficient to inspire confidence in the bosom of every Democrat , and gain for the project that support which will cause this little tributary stream ultimately t « swell into a mL'hry torrent , flowing freely into The Great Land _ fffa-i--Pirst , —Its monies will be Banked with a duly Registered Company , through the National Land and Labour Sank
Ad00413
TO TAILORS . THE LONDON AND PARIS SPRING AND SUMMER FASHIONS for 1847 , are now ready , by BENJAMIN READ and Co ., 12 , Hert-street , Bloomsbury square , London ; and by G . Berger , Holywell-street , Strand . May be had of all booksellers wheresoever residing . By approbation of her Majesty Queen Victoria and H . R . 11 . Prince Albert , a Splendid Print , beautifully coloured , and exquisitely executed , the whole very superior to anything o ! the kind ever before published . This beantira ] print trill be accompanied with the most fashionable , fell size , Frock , Dress , and Riding Coat Patterns—a complete Paletot , much worn in the Spring as an over coat—and a youth ' s new , fashionable Hussar Jack-. t , tvith skirts—the manner of cutting them for all sizesfoil explanation for variation of stye and method of xoaking-up—with five diagrams , clearly illustrated-and aUinecessary information respecting style and fashion . Price ICs ; £ post free to any part of England , Ireland , Scotland , ' and , Wales , lis . Post-office orders , or post stamps received asfcash . Bead < and Co . ' s System of Cutting , price 25 s . —Patent Measures , fis the Sst—Patterns to measure , of every descriptionjfpost & ee , to any part of the kingd «« n , Is each . ^ The Method for -Cutting Gaiter Trousers , with twelve plates , price-post free , 2 s Cd . —Busts forfitting Coats on Boys ^ Jngures . —Foremen provided . — Instruction in . Cut ting complete ; for all kinds ofrstyle and fashion , which can be accomplished ^ an incredibly short time , but the pupi ^ may continue until he is fully satisfied
Ad00414
BALDNESS EFFECTUALLY REMOVED . A SUKGEONrseiding in Cork having , in the course of _ 4 £ L his Practice , had his attention particularly directed to , and acquired great experience in the TREATMENT OF CAPILLARY DISEASES , begs to inform those persons afflicted with * BALDNESS { whether in youth » r adance « fco 3 ife ) 'ffiaj , by a most simple process , REPROBCC that necessary ornament , ' ' Parties applying , willre-« piireto enclose a small quantity of hair , ' and a fee . of five shillings ,, by post-office order , in favour of Surgeon Edward Williams , 13 , Henry-street , Cork ; when the ne ^ cesutryinstructions will be forwarded by returnofcost
Ad00415
A GOOD FIT WARRANTED . jD « UPERFINE BLACK CLOTHES made to order at the # 3 Gbkat Westmx Empobicm , 1 and-2 , Oxford Sieeet , Loxdo . n , which neither spot nor change colour . Only £ 310 s the cemplete suit of any size . These clothes cannot be equalled at anyother TailoringEstabh ' shment . VBSDELLand Co . 's , Fine Llama Cloth , for light over coats , made to order At £ l 12 s ; The very finest only £ 2 , which for durability and elegance cannothe surpassed . Trvith silk linings , S 6 eF . tra . Omnibuses to andfromthsCitr . step atthe establishment every minute dfthe day .
The " Gest."— Tie^Ent Ia Of Comparatively Late Creation. He Has Sprung From The Original Rude «N-
The " Gest . "— Tie ^ ent ia of comparatively late creation . He has sprung from the original rude « n-
Xuiorea Man By Combinations Of Chance .A...
xuiorea man by combinations of chance . and onltiwation , in the same manner as the later varktiea of fency pippins have been produced , by the devices of artful raarfcet-gardenera ,-from the original stock wild crab of the hedges . The ( fashion which gents have ofoccasionally , addressing as "voy pippin" da / ours this analogy ; : and when tueyase the £ gureof speech , they pronounce it as follows—placing great stress on the first letter * and then waiting awhue for the rest — " Ullo my P—ippih ! " After much diligent investigation , we find no mention made of the gent in the writings of astaors whofiourishcdantecedent to the last ten yeans . In the o'der works we meet with
"' Ducks and " gay blades " and " pretty fellows f end later with " wen upon town . " "swells , " and "downy ones , " or "knowingcores ; " bat the pure gentccmes not under any of these orders . He was not known in these times . He is scarcely understood bow so universally as we , could wish , but we trust itatlusredcharaeterwJH , before long , be properly appreciated . —Jlbert ?&& ,: V Fatai , Accinnj . -i .-OhTaesday evemngMr Payne the city coroner , held an inquest at Guy ' s Hospital , on view of the body , of Henry Henderson , aged 45 , whose death occurred under the following melancholy circumstances . 'The evidence provedthat
, on the afternoon of the 14 th inst . deceased was proceeding along London Bridge , towards the Borough , with a stick in his hands , whieh suddenly slipped from nnder him , and he fell off the kerb-stone on to his knee , where he had only a few weeks previously received an injury . The deceased was picked up Insensible , and removed to Guy ' s Hospital , and attended by Mr Bransby Cooper , one of the head surgeons ; bnt inflammation set in and he grew worse , and expired on Saturday last from generalexhausiion . The deceased held a situation as clerk at Exeter HalL A verdict of "Accidental death" was recorded . , '
: The Gbjuo ) Doeb Cossiastwb of Rwbia . — A Jettw from Hanover ann nnces that the Grand Jtoke Cdnstantine of Russia was coming to that citjtopay visit te the Royal iamily , and that he WoM afterwards visit , the Hague , and then proceed s . oLondon . < ,-,- . " ^^ ,. . > ' ^ e hret priTate carriage ^ Sfie ^ r vsebr & ididm Drake t hiVSS , I
Ad00417
JTJST PUBLISHED , ' KcC 5 , ( price 6 i ) of ' THE LABOURER , - JSsatoly Magazine of Politics , literature , Poetry , Ac Edittdly Fsaboos O'CoiwoB , Esq . ; and Erhebi Jokes , Esq ., ( Barristors-at-Law . ) The Democratic Movement in this country being wholly ieficientin a monthly organ , the above magaiine is estabushed to remedy this deficiency . Placed by lownessof price within the reach of all , yet equal to its more expensive cempetit j » , it embraces the following features : — 1—THE LAND AND THE LABOURER , or the progress and position of the National Land Company , aud all nterestiug facts connected with the culture and produce of the soil , t . —THE POOR MAN'S LEGAL MANUAL , ( by an emi--nent Barrister , ) giving , all neceesary legal information fur the express use of allottees on the land , and the working classes in general . 3 . —THE HISTORY OF THE WORKING CLASSES Compiled from sources hitherto carefully hidden from the public eye , narrating the encroachments on their rights , and the wild and daring insurrections , by which they endeavoured to regain them , —being a lesson for the future , derived from the past . * . —POLITICS OF THE DAY , comprising the state of England and Ireland , the Chartist and Trades' Movement , an analysis of proceedings in Parliament , and a summary of news at home and abroad . 5 . —POETRY AND ROMANCE , since these are impor tant branches of educational progression ; and some of the first democratic authors have undertaken to furnish narratives of intense and vivid interest , Such publications will be reviewed as deserve the atten ion of the People . CONTEXTS . 1 . May Day , a Poem , by Ernest Jones . 2 . letter of an Agricultural Labourer . 3 . The Jelly Young Poacher . 4 . The Phase of Political Parries . 5 . The Confessions of a King . 6 . The Insurrections of the Working Classes . 7 . The Land . 8 . The Romance of a People . 9 . The Queen ' s Bounty—A Legend of Windsor . 10 . The Monthly Riview . THE PORTRAIT of an eminent Chartist will accompany the ensuing number . Letters ( pre-paid ) to be addressed to the Editors , 1 Great Windmill Street , Haymarket , London . n Orders received by all agents for the "Northern Star , " and all booksellers in town and country .
Ad00418
Early iu May , price Cd . ( printed from the Shorthand Writer ' s Notes , ) THE TRIAL OF THE MECHANICS AT LIVERPOOL on the ' 2 nd and 3 rd of April , 1847 ; with Narrative , Notes , Cases , & c , and an Abstract of the Indictment . Edited by W . P . Roberts , E » q . Manchester :. AbelHeywoi-d , Ohlham-sireet ; andaU Booksellers .
Ad00419
OBSERVE . AU correspondence , reports of public meetings , Chartist and Trades' Intelligence , and general questions , must be addressed to Mr G . J . Habket , " Northern Star Omce , " 16 , Great Windmill Street , London . All legal questions , and matters of local uews , not noticed in provincial papers , and requiring comme t , to be addressed to Mr Ebkest Jones as above . AU questions respecting Bills introduced into the Legislature , Acts of Parliament , their meaning and intent , & c , and questions respecting the Ministry , and the members of the two Houses of Parliament , to be addressed to Mr George Fleming , "Norttarn Star" Office . All questions , ' connected with the management of land , and touching the operations of building , cultivation , ic , to be addressed to Mr O'Coskob , Lowbands , Red Marie * , Ledbury , Worcestershire . All communications of Agents , and all matters of account , to be addressed to Mr . W . Rider , "Northern Star Office , " 16 , Great Windmill Street , London . All Applications for magazines to be made through Mr . M'Gowau , Printer , as above . S 3 " All reports of meetings holden in any "art of England on the Sunday , must be at this office by Tuesday ; reports of meetings held on the Monday mdst beat the office by Wednesday . This rule is for « ' Trades , '' as well as " Chartist' { and "Land Company" meetings . Notices of '' ForthcomiDg Meetings , " and correspondence requiring answers , must be at the office by Wednesday , at the latest . "Letters" commenting on public question ? , intended for insertion in foil , muzt be at the office by Tuesday . The communications of correspondents not attending to the above regulations will stand over .
Ad00420
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , MAY 1 , 1847 .
The People And Their Rulers.
THE PEOPLE AND THEIR RULERS .
With The Better Promises Of The Past Unr...
With the better promises of the Past unrealized , but its darker anticipations of the Present verified by Famine and Pestilence , and the for codings of the future overclouded by gloomy visions of calamity , it behoves us , like travellers journeying under the shadow of an approaching tempest , to see where we can find shelter before the hour of its outburst . The sun of Whiggery is fast setting , amid those clouds which it had long been charging with the fires of a nation ' s anger over broken promises and
disappointed hopes . It shot -up a bright gleam at its last—Free Trade gilded the aspect of poverty with a fallacious glory , but its light has only tended to show the gulf it has failed to fathom , at the brink of which the people are struggling with a faction , and down whose abyss one or the other most inevitably fall . The plague-note has been sounded in Ireland , and the famine-cry is answering it from England and the Highlands . Some may smile at the thought of English famine , when they gaze on the plenty that sunonnds them . Thai plenty might he seen
in Ireland , while the corn ships were leaving the harbours of the south and east , though the dogs were devouring the dead in the churchyards . '• We say to the Government , you are behind-hand in your legislation , when you let the evil surprise you before you rise to grapple with it—the time to provide against a people ' s wants is not when the food is gone , but before it goes;—and we ask those who scorn the fears of a famine , to look at its precursors in the empty mills and smokeless chimneys of our factories , and to recollect , that for every hour in which the loom is silent
and the mill is cold , there will be so much less of fire on the cottage hearth , and so much less of food upon the poor man ' s table It is bad , indeed , that , the sustenance of a nation should depend upon a turn of trade , the glut of a market , or the speculation of an individual . It is bad , indeed , when the people ' s prosperity has no firmer basis than this ; it is worse still , when the competitive plan , for which the stability of a country ' s industry and . agriculture has been sacrificed , turns out a failure at the moment when its first promises were to be triumphantly realised .
But our legislators willed it so . tbe people permitted it , and they must bear the penalty . Yet they must not bear it patiently—they must not look on their owciolly as a visitation of Cod , or on their own supineness as a want of power . What else could be expected when home trade was sacrificed to foreign compe £ tion , and our own soils were neglected , that tbe foreign corn-factor and English manufacturer might divide the spoils of labour between them ? In seeking for a ntarket , our producers closed the best market thev could have had—the most steady and the most
certain—that which is afforded by thehome consumption of our working classes ; they impoverished those classes , thinking , by the ruin of the foreign manufacturer and the English producer , to absorb the wealth of both . But the former showed more forethought than the English working man— -for he fathomed the scheme , and Belgium , France , Germany , Russia , and America , refuse to look on in idleness while we flood the world with our manutures . They are up and stirring too—they are rivalling us in their markets , and the time may
come when they will compete with us iu our own . The factory lords begin to look with a doubtful eye towards the future , and cannot see their way through its embarrassments ; meanwhile , the cause of the evil is working on unabated—pauperism begets pauperism , and reacts in its effects upon its cause;—and , still more to darken the prospect , overglutted as the labour market is already , the population of the country keeps increasing annually by nearly half a million . The charm of " buying cheap" W ty W < fcr our factory lords invin-
With The Better Promises Of The Past Unr...
cible ; they forgot'that " buying cheap , and kelllnb dear , ' ? which meant jurying \ labour at a niggard rate , that its produce might he sold at an usurious one , would , in reality , still further paralyse their resources , should tbe foreign market fail ; And what is the result ? A pauper population , that , as soon as trade is bad , begins to pull the small capitalist downward with a heavy weight , while the greater money lord is vainly endeavouring to lull the storm , which law-made destitution must inevitably cause . What will be the consequence ? We repeat , that it is beginning to ruin the { middle classes , the small
shopkeeper and the retail tradesman , by withdrawing from them their best and steadiest customers . Thus we learn from the Manchester '' Guardian of Wednesday , that in Oldham , where the cotton trade is notoriously in a less depressed condition than in any other town , the shopkeepers have in this way lost no less than £ 5 , 000 since the mills have recently commenced working short time ! What will be the consequence , we ask ? That the proverb of"grasp-all , lose-all , " will again be realised ; that the rich monopolist will be hurled off his money-throne , and whatever consequences
may occur , will be on the heads of those who created the destitution causing such results . We are not drawing too dark a picture ; tbe English working man is not an exception from human nature ; were he so , we should think less well of him . Since the beginning of the world , monopoly , famine , pestilence , and insurrection have been successors to each other as by " right divine : " they caused the French Revolution ; it is they who teach the Irishman to arm , —it is they who drive the spirit of endurance to rebellion , violence , and bloodshed . It is because we wish to obviate such calamities that we write thus :
he is no friend to a people who remains looking on in silence , and , when the catastrophe arrives , tells you coolly , ! "foresaw it" It is our duty to warn in time —and the more so , since we are , convinced that the remedy will never come from the Government , but must be sought for at the hands of the people . We are justified in this assertion by the fact of Government , no matter of what party- ( it was always the party of the Rich against the Poor}—by the fact of Government , we say , having proved itself inadequate to every crisis that has occurred .. ' . When we
wanted the education worthy of freemen—they gave us slavery , the parent of ignorance ; when we wanted liberty they gave us State Church forms , and political reforms , the parents of thraldom ; and , now that strong arms , and men with available though small capital , are required to till and improve the uncultivated soil , they encourage emigration , which , of course , drains away the strongest , and those still possessed of means ; and now , in the eleventh hour , now in the midst of national calamity , now that we are in want of food , they give us " education . "
The remedy is obvious and easy . Create a home trade , by raising the working classes into better circumstances , and this may bo done by drawing the surplus from the labour market on to the Laud , and by lessening the self-destroying competition for work , in the establishment of working men ' s own'shops . The Land Company and the Trade Unions are working on towards this end . The necessary tendency must be the raising of wages , as the ; unwholesome competition dies away—and by the same rule , by which " evil grow * by that it feeds upon , "—thus good again engenders good . The fact of working-men being able ,
through co-operation , to set up for themselves as landowners and manufacturers , and of raising by these means the wages of those left in the labour market , creates in these latter that very class of home consumers without which national enterprise , of whatsoever kind it may be , can have no sound foundation , and no healthy / life . Co-operation being thus the lever that first moves the machinery—once in motion , it not only sustains but increases its own power , while it is impossible that tbe capitalist can turn this new source of wealth to his own exclusive benefit , since , from the Very nature
of things , the co-operative principle must inevitably be the death of that which was only created to exist upon monoply . And even in the field of capital : — what individual resources can compete with the accumulating capital of a co-operating people \—who can outbid those in the market , who have their labour at first-hand , and feel the interest which reaping themselves the produce of that labour , must give to its completion ? We are justified , then , in looking to the people , and the people only , as the source whence : political and social reform must emanate ; and we are justified in doing so
with a confident hope of success , when we regard the attitude assumed by the working classes of this country . Not alone have they conceived and ap . predated sound plans for their guidance , but they have the enterprise to execute and the courage to defend them . Need we again point to the success of the Land Company and Trades Unions ?—or shall we allude to the general rally for the People ' s Charter , and the ' stand against oppression which the Trades are making in the case of the Warrington Conspiracy ? We are glad to learn that the men of Manchester are in the field , conjointly with their brethren throughout the country—and that they are going to rally in
their noble . Hall , in behalf of their , suffering fellowworkmen , who have been convicted at the Liverpool Assizss . It is necessary that every Chartist and Trades unionist should raise bis protest against that actof tyranny , and do more than : protest—he must resist by every legal and : constitutional means in his power . No men could be under better legal guidance than that of Afr Roberts , and we augur confidently of the effects his skill will have in extracting Justice out of Law .. No man could exercise his power in a more constitutional way , than by bringing the force of public opinion to bear on those who magnify the evil of laws that are bad , by . an administration of them that is worse . We iurther
hail with satisfaction the manly and open course adopted by the men of Sheffield , in calling a public meeting for Monday next , to petition-for the removal from the magisterial chair of Mr Wilson Overend , who sentenced three respect & bW men to three months' imprisonment , forattendin { , as a deputation on an employer . True , the conviction was quashed . Would it have been quashed , we ask , were it not for these expressions of the public , will and feeling ? This is as it should be—the public eye should watch over a public servant , and call him before the tribunal of public opinion , where , if innocent , he will find his safeguard , in those laws ,
which , if guilty , should never for a moment screen him in the wilful' exercise of authority . We ahall devote ' all due attention to these important meetings , and open par columns to a full report of them , and the Trades ' proceedings . We have only to add ; if such should not appear in the "Star , " the fault will not lie with us . We trust these meetings will not be the only ones . A public movement can not brook to panse until its object has been gained ; it loses more in onemontb ' g inaction than it can regain in a twelve months' . energy ; and now that the eye of Power is on cs , we must not betray any weakness or instability , or be guilty of the crime of apathy .
State Of The Couintry. The Misfortunes, ...
STATE OF THE COUiNTRY . The misfortunes , misery , destitution , and disease of Ireland , appear as if they . were no longer to ocenpy exclusively the attention of the legislature , the press , and the public . The evil is at our own doors . We are fast entering upon one of : those gloomy periods of reaction , of panic , and distress , which are inseparable from the maintenance of our existing commercial , manufacturing , and monetary system . Whether we look at the state of the manufacturing districts , or of trade in the metropolis , the prospect is equally ominous , while the pressure , for the time being , iu the money . market , is greater , than it has been known for the last twenty : yearsi : "" " ' [ ^ l ^\ , ... ' /; : " : When the Free traders vauntetl their great dob- j
State Of The Couintry. The Misfortunes, ...
truhi of Corn-Law Repeal , as the partjcea for alt national evils , the certain ptecurso ^^ cheap . hreaa , high wages , andplenty to do , we repeatedly exposed the fallacy of their statements , and the «™» ity that , unless that measure was accompanied by other more sweeping and radical changes , that we should again be visited by . those periodical stagnations of trade which have so frequently chequered the commercial history of this country . ' The facts have Justified the prediction , even sooner than we anticipated . The glowing pictures of the League orators
may now be contrasted with the melancho y realities to be found in all the great ' hives of our manufacturing industry . According to the last returns , out of the 40 , 000 emp loyed in the cotton trade in Manchester , 7 , 000 are entirely out of work , 14 , 000 are partially at work three days , and 19 , 000 four to five days a week . The spinners and manufacturers of the neighbouring towns are not a whit better off . In Rochdale , out of thirty-eig ht mills thirteen are working full time , nineteen short time , and six are entirely stopped . In Middleton , out of eleven mills
five are working full time , tour short t « ne , and two stopped . Royton , with sixty-three mills , has eighteen on full time , forty-one short time , three stopped . Whitworth , with sixty-seven mills . twenty are at work full time , thirty-nine short , and eight slopped . At Todmorden , Stockport , Blackburn , Ashton , and other places , a similar state of things prevails . By specific returns , it appears that in six principal manufacturing towns , containing altogether 382 mills , 212 are working little more than half time , and 4 . 4 have stopped work altogether , leaving only 172 of the whole number in fnl ) work .
Of the 71 , 215 hands usually employed when these mills are at work , 34 , 564 are now fully employed , twenty-six thousand five hundred and ten are half employed , fen thousand one hundred and forty-one are absolutely and totally idle , and all ' : still in employment are threatened with a reduction of wages . The papers speak in a tone of alarhfcas ' 'irell as despondency . The Manchester Cdftrjer says that a very uneasy feeling is abroad ; that-fBririer attempts at reductions have always been the forerunners of disturbances ; and it is not surprising , under the circumstances , that iUhould be so now . .
Mere figures , however , thoug h ^ ttey may convey something like an idea of the extent of the evil , can impart no definite conception of the nature of the misery endured by the poor victims ? w our unjust system . We have been horrified by the reports In the papers as to the wretchedness of the people of ,. Skibbereen , and the natural indignation arouseihy such appalling relations has been freely poureiout upon the heads of the Irish landlords , whose duty , it was asserted to be to have preserved those dependent upon them from such extreme misery . ; We can , however , now find parallels to such cases in the metropolis of the
manufacturing world itself . The Manchester Town Mission has given to the world facts which strikingly exhibit the woful condition of those dependent on the wealthy capitalists of that town . Thirty-four individuals were found huddled together in a house consisting of four small apartments , and forty-one in another of five small rooms , nineteen people being in one instance crowded into one apartment . The inhabitants of these miserable pest-houses have not employment , and they have not food . In . cellars hardly fit for the proper lodging of pigs , human beings waste away under the iron-handed grasp of Famine . In one , a man , his wife and children , were
found without work , the children nearly naked , and nothing to sleep upon except a few shavings spread upon the damp flagged floor . These are specimens of the extreme destitution and suffering which is endured in sight of the palatial warehouses and vast ranges of mUVerected by the cotton lords . The poor artizari and operative is powerless iii the matter . He is the helpless . 'lave of a vicious system If markets-fail at home or abroad , if moneymongers find it profitable to speculate in a way which throws them out of work ; or
if such a turn in the market takes place as attracts the gold , which is the basis of our currency , to other countries , the workmen have , under existing arrangements , no means whatever of escaping from evils they have not caused , or the pernicious and direful effects of a system over which they possess not the slightest contvol . If the downward progress of these districts . is not speedily arrested , we may look for a repetition of the industrial insurrection of 1842 , under more disastrous influences . The
scarcity and high price of provisions must materially add to , and aggravate the misery suffered by the poor at all times from a cessation of employment . Nor can it be wondered at , that despair and desperation should be engendered amongst people , who , in the midst of abundance of real wealth , which they have assisted to produce , find themselves lodged in damp cellars , with shavings for their beds * rags for their clothing , and empty cupboards to meet the . cravings of their own nature , and that of their own families .
The stoppage of business in these districts is ascribed mainly' to the sudden putting on of the screw by the Bank of England . It has almost entirely refused to discount even the best paper , and the discount charged on the bills it does take is nearly treble the ordinary rate . It is also charged with having hastily and unduly , contracted the amount of money in circulation , in consequence of
the large sums drawn from , its , coffers , toipay for foreign provisions . This is deniediiil and certainly the returns do not show the rediictibhet ' notes in circulation asserted , but they do show ' a very heavy drain upon the bullion in its coffers , to pay for the food we have had to purchase abroad . The Free Traders predicted that our foreign customers would take goods , not gold , from us in exchange for their commodities . Here we have another illustration of
their reasoning , and a specimen of the manner in which trade may be expected to be carried on in future . We do not profess to he deeply versed in the mysteries of the money market , or in the use of the slang phrases by which the operations of the speculators therein are described ; but there can , we think , be little doubt of the fact , that the sudden curtailing of discounts , and a simultaneous raising of the rates , has had very much to do with the production , of that stagnation in trade which now exists , and which threatens to deepen into a regular panic .
The conduct of the Government on the subject is most suspicious and alarming . It was mooted on Monday night by Lord G . Bentinck , in a speech of decidedly an alarmist character . The Chancellor of the Exchequer was forced into along explanation , in , which he contrived to blink the real fact at issue . Taking advantage of the statement , that the Bank had contracted the amount of its paper circulation , he we . nt on to prove , elaborately , that it had not done so . Gra ting that it has not , is the difficulty got rid of ? i ^> > tue complaint of the mercantile men
is , that the i , suaI discounting of bills has been sud denly and vioi wtlv remitteu ' This contraction , or almost denial , of ' thc «? nal facilities , came upon the mercantile commu . n like a thunder-clap , and has almost paralysed trs < k ever since « Yet , notwithstanding the necessii /* & r having this subject promptly and decidedly instigated and settled , the Government suffered i , " earfy a week to elapse without the debate being iesu . ^ frequent Cabinet meetings being held in , the me . ^ nt m This shows here is " something rotten-in \ ° state of Dennark , " and that the financial blundJ ^ Si naturfli to
State Of The Couintry. The Misfortunes, ...
the party , has already " put it in a fii . " " If isuch things are done in the green treej what will be done in the dry ?'' . |( ftat tfi 4 end of the first year of the Whi g * in office we find ( he country rapidly approachiiig a state of industrial and monetary disorganization , what may we riot expect When they have been four or five years longer in power ? The only consolation under such a prospect is the meagre ' one , that their mismanagement must , long before that time , lead to their igtiomihious expulsion .
Meantime let the working classes remember that , at the present moment , they are accessory to their own . degradation , slavery , and sufferings . The money they have invested in the' savings' banks is now being used hy the Government for the purpose of keeping up the price of consols . The huge edifice of political Oppression and social injustice is , at this moment of ife peril , propped by the . oppressed and thc wronged . .. the slaves are forging their own chains , and putting into the hands of an incapable , untrustworthy ministry , and the trafficking , gambling speculators , who prey like vampires on the heart ' s blood 6 t the industrious classes , the means by which the whole imposture can be sustained . .
In the face of this fact and its disastrous bearing upon the permanent fate of ' . the . operative classes , we urge upon "their attention the propriety , nay , the imperative necessity of their seeking some other investment for . their savings which shall be more secure in itself , and more beneficial to them asindividuals and to their order . We are delighted to observe that one portion o the working classes are awakening to a perception of the importance of this subject , and showing , by the large amounts now weekly sent into the Land Company and the Labour Bank , their determinationthat they at least will not be accessories to the suicidal policy which ha hitherto crushed their class to the dust . ' Let
Labour s Bank be the rallying point in future , and the security the broad ' acres , welltilled , fields , and . happy homesteads of our native land , and a ¦ great step will have been taken for ultimate , complete emancipation from the gripe of an infernal system , by which , moneymongers , stockjobbers , capitalists , landlords , mill-lords and traders , all thrive at the cost of honest industry . Let the
labourer become his own banker , his own landlord , his own employer , and the reign of true freedom and independence will be established . Until then the natural result of unsound principles , vicious institutions , selfish gambling , and imbecile rulers , will continue to afflict society in the fearful shapes of famine and pestilence , political disorganization and moral degradation .
Parliamentary Review.. All The Propositi...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . . All the propositions for amending the Government scheme of Education ( which our readers will find in full on our second page ) in the Minutes of the Committee of [ Council , shared the same fate ^ as . ^ 1 tibanr , combe ' s motion for referring the whole " subject to a committf s of inquiry ; and the measure with all its defects , both in principle and , detatfs , has received the sanction of overwhelming parliamentary
majorities . Yet is difficult to conceive on what intelligible or honest grounds the Whig Ministry resisted some of the amendments—Sir W ; Clay ' s , ' for instance , which provided that parents who had conscientious objections to having their children taught the creed and ritual of the . Established Church , should have the advantages of the ; new schools , and that their offspring should not' be cora * pelled to attend the special religious lessons , was one upon which the slightest regard for-political consistency should have forced unanimous supportfrom
the Treasury Bench . Sir "W . Molesworth ' sihotion for justice to our Roman Catholic fellow-subjectS i stood upon the same broad and equitable foundation , but it , too , was negatived by the votes of those whose previous speeches—whose speeches' ontthat very occasion—bound them to pursue the contrary course . It is quite clear . that the Ministry , on this important matter , are prepared to shamelessly abandon all principle whatsoever , for the sake of conciliating the support of the Church and the Wesleyan Methodists at the approaching
General Election . Let them take care that they do not overshoot their mark . The acceptance of any measure of Education with " thankfulness' ' by men like Sir Robert Jnglis , tbe bigoted- > but honest defender of things " as they are" in Church and State , the conscientious but intolerant worshipper of "the wisdom of our ancestors , " is . not calculated to produce confidence in the people at large . However well it may suit the purpose of Sir R . Inglis and his friends to preach up the necessity and virtue of " standing in the old ways , " the
masses have not the same interest-, they feel that a radical change is necessary for them . A Ministry which openly allies itself with the doctrines of finality and the opponents of progress , cannot expect long to remain in power . In truth , the present Administration is neither inherently strong in or out of Parliament . Its only hold of power rests upon the peculiar state of parties and the country at the present moment .: it is merely a stop-gap . As soon
as the . necessity for progressive action arises , the Whig negation will be swept away without ceremony , despite of all the paltry contrivances and tricks by which the Premier and his associates , are attempting to retain office . The pressure of other subjects on our columns this week prevents fuither allusion to the important question of National Education ; its permanent interest viill , however , justify recurrence to it on future occasions .
The other business of Parliament , up to the moment at . which we write , has been of a comparatively trivial description , if we except subjects already frequently noticed . The Army Service Bill occupied the Peers , on Monday night , till past twelve o ' clock- Ministers had the qualified support of the Duke of Wellington ; and the proposition for limiting the term of enlistment . may be now said [ to .. lie
virtually law . In the Commons SirC . Napier-introduced a bill for improving the mode of service in the navy , which the Secretary to the Admiralty permitted to be read a first time , though giving no great hope that it would receive the Government support at future stages . Certainly the soldiers and sailors cannot complain that they have been overlooked this session .. In one shape or . another their condition has occupied nearly as much time as the Irish Question itself .
A Short Debate, On A Motion Of Dr Bowrin...
A short debate , on a motion of Dr Bowring ' s , for the establishment of a decimal coinage , incidentally brought out some peculiar features of the English character and of English legislation . It is admitted by all practical men that a decimal ' coinage would materially simplify accounts , and wonderfully facilitate the transaction of business , whether on a large or small scale . But the Chancellor of the Exchequer , while bearing his own testimony to that
fact , says he dare not attempt it on account of the Wind and prejudiced adherence of the English people to old customs ! Trembling at the idea of a possible revolution if the time-honoured half pe ncej pence , and sixpences of this realm were tampered with , Sir C . Wood could only assent to one great experiment npon the vis inertia of English prejudices and prepossessions , , and promised a new coin , —a two shilling piece—by way of feeler !
The Proposal Of The Government On Monday...
The proposal of the Government on Monday night , to lend £ 620 , 0 »? 0 to three Irish Railway Companies , injorder . to enable * them to keep labourers at work , gaverisetpa , convei ;^ ' of great importance , as to the " monetary state oi the country . Lord George
Bentinck Made A Statement On : The Subje...
Bentinck made a statement on the subject , which called forth from the Chancellor of the Exchequer » long apologetic , and explanatory speech , whichwgi , ' after all , by no means calculated to efface the ominous impressions produced hy the remarks of the Protectionist leader . The most singular part of the matter is , that though the debate on the subject was adjoiirned till Tuesday , in order that it might be fully and promptly discussed , the Government permi tted the House to be counted out at an earl y period of the ' evening , and that oh Wednesday it adjo urned an hour before the usual . time , having been occupied by business of far less importance . In the meantime Cabinet meetings have been frequent during the week . It is evident there is a screw loose some , where . In another column , the reader will find this topic treated at such length as precludes the neces . sitv for further remark here .
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S5p We Beg To Remind Our Readers Of The ...
S 5 P We beg to remind our readers of the notice which , appeared in the Star oi April 10 ib , respecting a fe-a . tray embellished with a view of O'Comiorville and other ornaments put up for public ballot at Bilston ; the proceeds to be applied for the benefit of the reteran patriots , and widows and orphans of the political victims of class . usurpation . The generosity of the donor of the tea-tray and thc patriotic exertions of the Bilston Democrats should command an equally generous and universal response on the part of . the Chartist public . THB BilLOT FOB THE O'CONKOBVILLE TEA / TBAT , OU behalf of the Widows ' , Orphans ' , Veterans' , and Vic .
tims' Fund—To the Chartist PuMic—Friends : We earnestly implore you to consider the object to which the proceeds of the above ballet are to be applied , and we f « el confident but little argument will be necessary to induce you to give i : your support . What true Demorrat but would feel consolation and pride in having done his share in placing those who have suffered , and arc still suffering , for tho active part they " or their relatives have taken on the battle-field of liberty ot comfortable oircumstarices . and beyond the reach of tyranny and oppression 1 ' How small an' effort it necessary to accomplish this desirable object ! The small sum of 6 d . from each Land member and Chartiit ( who can afford it , j would yield a sufficient amount to place these victims on the Land , where they would
enjoy the fruits of their o > vn labour , and possess thsit freedom which they have laboured to win fer us , We are sorry to say the abovenamed project , although responded to by several individuals , has not , thus far , bten taken up by any locality . This unaccountable apathy in so meritorious a cause we deeply deplore , and earntstly beg of the leading men in each locality to place ft prominently before their meetings , and send in their united subscriptions to Mr L : nney , Bigb , street , BiUton . as early as possible , Thomas Aimokd , Secretary to the Ballot . P . S . — The time of balloting will be duly announced in the -Star . g ^* Wc cannot afford room for long lists of the names of ' subscribors to the above ballot .
Information Wanted . — Such of our readers / who may know anything of James Service , a shoemaker , whopub . lished " The Caledonian Herd Boy , " . a poem ; " Crispin , or the Apprentice . Boy ; " "The Wild Harp , " &< :,, would oblige by communicating , for tbe in . the information of a correspondent , such particulars as they may know about this individual , or bis works , and where they may bti obtained , Address J , D . D , > 30 Kirby-street , Hatton Garderv . J , Sweet begs toacknowledge the receipt of 252 signatures for the National P .. tition from Failsworth . Also , - ' fbe . . sum of Is . 3 d . from Mr Hall , Is . 5 d , from Mrs Dennis , and 8 J , from Mr Osborn . Mr Sweet requests those persons who have either money for the Conven" tion , or petition sheets , to . forward tho same imme . ¦
. diately . ' . .. Polakd ' s Regenekatiok , —Julian Harney has received 63 . from Mr G . Cavil ! , for the fund of the Polish , Committee . ' . " . '" Liverpool —Instead of 15 s . CI ., in last Saturday's Star , for theO'Cenncr Repayment Fund , the sum should have been 13 s . 63 , Mr-W . Brook , Leeds . —We know no better means than procuring the "Labourer" of Mr J . Cooke , Meadow . : lane ) Leeds . We don ' t supply it , nor does Mr M'Gowao , except to the L'indon booksellers . T . ' WniTttr , Ley lands , Leeds . — . Your son ought to hate made ' a proper transfer . The documents are of no , use to . jou ,. unless he had done so . We believe he , made application . We most hold back until you settle
the dispute . He did not give us notice of his intention i _ tp transfer , ; - .. . . . , The Committee oi Engineers ' beg to ' acknowledge tbe - , _ receiptof , 2 s . 8 d ., for the'Dsfence . Fund for bur Newton friends , subscribed at the Whittington and Cat , Londop . r-JoEt Woobe , Bran : h Secretary . P . S . The read" erijoftbe Star are respectfully informed that theeen" ' trail-rape !) of . the Steam-engine Makers'Society are ' ' publishing ; a verbatim report of the trial at Liverpool , " having engaged' a ' reporter especially for the purpose , It is in the press , aad will be ready for circulation on ¦ Saturday next .- ¦ Mr C . Mitcheii , Newpitslege . —Our agent at Aberdeen is Mr It . Findlay , 147 , Gallowgate . Mr W , Fletcheb , Day brook , —We do not deal in hand .
kerchiefs . We do not know the price . Mr Gaskell , Hyde , and Mr Ricka ^ , Burnley . —We shall send them to the enre of Mr Heywood , Manches * ter , in a day or two . In the course of a week we hope . .. to be able to supply all our agents who have net received the mounted plates . If the subscribers were aware of the time occupied in colouring and mounting ,, they would doubtless exercise a little more patience , . £ We urge the work forward as much as possible . CoabtVsx PoJMS . —Parties holding copies of the above yet un ^' aJd ror ,. are particularly requested to forward the amoonVVv the "Star " office , in postage stamps or money orders ^ on the Old Cavendish-street Branchy London , payable to Mr Ernest Jones , Ratepatiso Ciaoses . —Mr Thomas Slingsby Dan . eambe ' s motion . — That it is the opinion'of this i House , that certain Acts phased iu the reign of his late i Majesty King William the Fourth , intituled , "Acts to I riKend the . Representation of the People in Great Bri- <
tain and Ireland , " having failed to fulfil the just t . .. expectations of the people ; and as such Acts are nott find cannot be final , it is expedient to amend tbe same 3 by the repeal of the Ratepaying Clauses , aud b > other r alterations calculated to prevent all undue influences s in counties , cities , and boroughs , subversive of thee full , free ,. and fair rcpreseutatioa of the people inn Parliamen * . ] %£ T" The enormous length of the Money List , the re-sprint of the Minutes of the Education Committee , and . d other lengthy articles of importance , have so crowded d our columns as to compel us to postpone several no-otices , & c . till our next . . - Mr Clark ' s letter from Peterborough will be attended to ; o . Jolian Habnev has received 12 stamps from Charleses Theobald . His wishes shall be attended to . ' Bilston and ? £ TEBBOBecou . —The Reports from thesese . places are postponed till our nest , in consequence of of press of mutter .
1 EGAL . NOTICE . —Since the Law Department of the Horlhemn Star- was opened , I have received almost daily t'oin-in . plaints from poor men that they have been plumlereiki ; either by Pettifogging Attorneys or Advertising Law-. offices . It was to save poor men from these liarpiesies " that the Law Department of the Star was opened . T < T < 'give gratuitous Legal advice is one of the principapa objects of that department , In no case , therefore , shahal I take even , the smallest fee or remuneration from n n poor man , exCejpt where my professional services shahall render him a ' r & gr man than he was before . Where ire :: client , through ;? my , professional assistance , recoverser property and' becomes ; richer than he previouslysi ;; was , there I shall ' expect a moderate fee ; but evesven ' ¦ that I shall not take till after the property lias beeuee :: . recovered . ' . ¦ , -., . ? : ¦ ¦
It is no unusual thing for those who have got fraudtudm lently or wrongfully into possession of property to se se ; the claims of justice at defiance on account of tlf tlji poverty "f the rightful owner . Where a poor mamai ) claim to property is believed to be good , his poverty wir wii act upon me as an additional stimulus to obtain justkstii . for him . . ¦ . . * ' There is another legal grievance which many pcopliopl " even in good circumstances , suffer from ; namely , tlf , tin heavy expenses they are" put to about Leases , Agregre ments , Conveyances , Mortgages , Marriage Settlcmentient Making their Wills , Ac . All these things are commoniion " madelonger by three or four times than they need to bto bn and the consequence is , the expenses and stamps m an twice or three times as much as they ought to be . I II correct . thisevil a most skilful conveyancer renders n ^ s ni his services , aud upon terms so moderate that the de e :
penses of Conveyances , Wills , & c ., wiUbelessthnnowoss half of their usual amount . .,- ! When clients wish to have papers returned , or privarivai answers to their inquiries , it is expected that they wsy w send the requisite number of pistagc stamps . In stating their cases , let clients simplv state / to / Vwii •» " » . avoid all ; remarks and comments of their ow ow ; MUch , pften , depends upon the time n ' t whieh a thnthii ] happened ; as the timo of a person ' s Birth , Marriafriaj : 1 Beath , Bate of his Will , the Date of the Probate , & o , & a fterefbre to all these , and similar cases , let dates ites ¦ givenlsi-:. \ - :.,. "; . : . . - . Ebsest Jones , ss . Thomas SAONDEBs , jun ., Bfandford . —Unless there fee i « local custom . making three months' notice to quit « its " ficient , your friend ' s landlord must give at least fast n months' notice , to quit ; . and he can only turn yon joi friend out ot ' pbjsession , at the very same peried of t | of tt year , month and day , at which his tenancy co * con
menced . ; . ; .- ¦¦; . ; . ; A Mjsmbeb of the"Land Compani , —Your redress for l for » wrong done you by ' your partner i » by a bill in equ equi for an account ; but the process would be an txpenspensi one , '¦ ' ¦ " ' ¦ " '" ; ' ' - - ' '' ; - ••' - J . L . —Yes . ' A Constant Rkadeb . —If the person to whom your to ' jr Ian lord has let the house would allow him ( your late lane Ian lord ) to send an officer in to distrain , I think be mile mill take your goods ; If not , your landlord will most likst likt proceed against you in the Small Debts ' Court ; tat ; II : most probably your landlord will indulge you will wim reasonable time to ; pay : : ' . .. -h - : J . ? ., Saddleworth . —I suppose it is money or persopersot estate which is claimed from your mother . fleP # ep J J ! ¦ this in time for next week's Star . ' Ah Essex CHi » Wr . ~ It in impossible '' for me to & lio & l-n jou | as ; to the propw coarse" to . be taken , unlfssjtfest : ;
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 1, 1847, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_01051847/page/4/
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