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12 q - THE 8TAE OF FBEEDQM. October % \^
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AswuNDim Project.—-Within the last quart...
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litHit i»«ifi
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r THE THEATRES. SADLER'S WELLS. On Frida...
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Alexander Smith has published a new poem...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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One Of England's Forgotten Worthies. In ...
he performed upon diverse of the foremost , who as the manners terms it , sprang their luff , and fell under the lee of the Revenue But the other course had been the better ; and might right weil have been answered in so great an impossibility of prevailing . Notwithstanding , out of the greatness of his mind , he could not be persuaded . " ' ... « i ,. -. n The wind was fight . The San Philip , " a huge high-carged ship , " of 1 , 500 tons , came up to windward ot him , and , taking the wind out of his sails , ran abroad him . " After the Revenge was entangled with the ban Fmlip , four others boarded her , two on her larboard and two on her starhoard . The fight thus beginning at three o ' clock m the
afternoon , continued very terrible all that evening . But the great San Philip , having received the lower tier of the hevenge , shifted herself with all diligence from her sides , utterly mislikmg her first entertainment . The Spanish ships were filled with soldiers , in some 200 , besides the marines , in soine oOO , m others 800 . In ours there were none at all besides the mariners , but the servants of the commander and some few voluntary gentlemen only . After many interchanged volleys of great ordnance
and small shot , the Spaniards deliberated to enter the Revenge , and made divers attempts , hoping to force her by the multitude Of their armed soldiers and musketeers , but were still repulsed again and again , and at all times beaten back into their own ship or into the sea . In the beginning of the fight the George Noble , of London , having received some shot through her by the Armadas , fell under the lee of the Revenge , and asked Sir Richard what he would command him ; but being one of the victuallers , and of small force , Sir Richard bade him save
himself aud leave him to his fortune . " A little touch of gallantry , which we should be glad to remember with the honour due to the brave English heart , who commanded the George Noble ; but his name has passed away , and his action is an ta memoriam , on which time has effaced the writing . All that august night the fight continued , the stars rolling over hi their sad majesty , but unseen through the sulphur clouds which hung over the scene . Ship after ship of the
Spaniards came on upon the HeYenge , " so that never less than two mighty galleons were at her side and aboard her , " washing up like waves upon a rock , and falling foiled and shattered back amidst the roar of the artillery . Before morning fifteen several armadas had assailed her , and all in vain ; some had been sunk at her side ; and the rest , " so ill approving of their entertainment , that at break of day they were far more willing to hearken to a composition , than hastily to make more assaults or entries . ' * " But as the day increased so our men decreased
and as the light grew more and more , by so much the more grew our discomfort , for none appeared in sight but enemies , save one small ship called the Pilgrim , commanded by Jacob Whidden , who hovered all night to see the success , but in the morning bearing with the Revenge , was hunted like a hare among many ravenous hounds—but escaped . " All the power in the Revenge was now spout , all her pikes were broken , 40 out of her 100 men killed , aud a great number of the rest wounded . Sir Richard , though badly hurt eaily in the battle , never forsook the deck till an hour before midnight ;
and was then shot through the body while his wounds w ere being dressed , and again in the head ; and his surgeon was killed while attending on him . The masts were lying over the side , the rigging cut or broken , the upper works all shot in pieces , and the ship herself , unable to move , was settling slowdy into the sea ; the vast fleet of Spaniards lying round her in a ring , like dogs round a dying lion , and wary of approaching him in the last agony . Sir Richard , seeing that it was past hope , having fought for 15 hours , and " having by estimation 800 shot of great artillery through him , " commanded the master gunner ,
whom he knew to be a most resolute man , to split and sink the ship , that thereby nothing might remain of glory or victory to the Spaniards ; seeing in so many hours they were not able to take her , having had above fifteen hours' time , above ten thousand men , and fifty-three men of war to perform it withal ; and persuaded the company , or as many as he could induce , to yield themselves unto God , and to the mercy of none else ; but as they had ,. like valiant , resolute men , repulsed so many enemies , they should not now shorten the honour of their nation by prolonging their own lives for a few hours or a few days .
The gunner and a few others consented . But obedience to such a request was more than could be expected of ordinary seamen . They had dared do all -which did become seamen , and they were not more than men , at least than men were then . Two Spanish ships had gone down , above 1 , 50 . 0 men were killed , and the Spanish Admiral could not induce any one of the rest of his fleet to board the Revenge again , " doubting lest Sir Richard would have blown up himself and them , knowing his dangerous disposition . " Sir Richard lying disabled below ,
the captain , finding the Spaniards as ready to entertain a composition as they could be to offer it , gained over the majority of the surviving crew ; and the remainder then drawing back from the master gunner , they all , without further consulting their dying commander , surrendered on honourable terms . If unequal to the English in action , the Spaniards were at least as courteous in victory . It is due to them to say , that the conditions were faithfully observed . And " the ship being marvellous unsavourie , " Alonzo de Becon , the Spanish admiral sent his boat to bring Sir Richard on board Ms own vessel .
Sir Richard , whose life was fast ebbing away , replied , that " he might do with his body what he list , for that he esteemed it not ; " and as he was carried out of the ship , he swooned , and reviving again , desired the company to pray for him . The Admiral used him with all humanity , " commending his valour and worthiness , being unto them a rare spectacle and a resolution seldom approved . " The officers of the rest of the fleet , too , John Higgins tells us , crowded round to look at him and a new fight had almost broken out between the Biseayansand the " Portugals , " each claiming the honour of having boarded the Revenge .
" In a few hours Sir Richard , feeling his end approaching , showed not any signs offaintness , but spake these words in Spanish , and said , ' Here die I , Richard Grenville , with a joyful and quiet mind , for that I have ended my life as a true soldier ought to do that has fought for his country , Queen , religion , a id honour . Whereby my soul most joyfully departeth out of this body , and shall always leave behind * it an everlasting fame of a valiant and true soldier that hath done his duty as he was bound to do . ' When he had finished these or other such like words ,. he gave up the ghost with great and stout courage , and no man could perceive any signs of heaviness in him . "
Such was the fight atFlorez , in the August of 1591 , without its equal in such of the annals of mankind as the thin" * which we call history has preserved to us , scarcely equalled by the most glorious fate which the imagination of Barrere could invent for the Vengeur ; nor did it end without a sequel awful as itself . Sea battles have been often followed by storms , and without a miracle ; but with a miracle as the Spaniards and the English alike believed , or without one , as we moderns would prefer believing , « there ensued on this action a tempest so
One Of England's Forgotten Worthies. In ...
terrible as was never seen or heard of in the like before . " A fleet of merchantmen joined the Armada immediately after the battle , forming in all 140 sail ; and of those 140 , only 32 ever saw Spanish harbour . The rest all foundered , or were lost on the , Asores . The men of war had been so shattered by shot as to be ' unable to carry sail , and the Revenge itself , disdained to survive her commander , or , as if to complete his own last baffled purpose , like Samson , buried herself and her 200 prize crew , under the rocks of St . Michael ' s . — Westminster Review .
12 Q - The 8tae Of Fbeedqm. October % \^
12 - THE 8 TAE OF FBEEDQM . October % \^
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Aswundim Project.—-Within The Last Quart...
AswuNDim Project . — -Within the last quarter of a century we have made great progress in locomotion , but certainly we were not prepared for the startling project of Mr . D . S ' . Brown , who proposes to reach America in 48 hours , and to make the voyage to India and back in a fortnight ! Mr . Brown says , " The events of a year in the present age are equal to the occurrences of a century in the past j projects which a short time ago were received with ridicule have long since passed into realities , and no longer excite our wonder ; such has been the case with railways and steam navigation . " Our correspondent
intends to put his theory into practice by vessels of quite different construction to those at present in use , giving' them a greater depth of beam . He proposes to make the under surface of the vessel , which is flat , of two inclined planes ; the effect of this will be , when the ship is in motion , to raise her whole hull to the surface of the water , thereby removing entirely the resistance at the bows , which is stated to be the great obstacle of her progress , being an illustration of the principle well known to every schoolboy who has thrown a stone
slant-Tn / VITT" m ^ T it r \ riiiiifrt / irt r \( - £ I ^ rt ttrfli ' flM . mnffiWM ttr ft r » J- in *» ti li «* rti »! iT mgly on the surface of the water-, making what is vulgarly called a duck and drake . By reducing the angles of the inclined plane speed could be added to the vessel , which could be increased from 30 to 60 miles per hour , and a ship so constructed would be as little affected by the ordinary waves of the Atlantic as a Gravesend steamer is by a Thames ripple . The hull is of a square tubular form ; the deck , bottom , and sides , being of great thickness , and , in order to combine lightness with strength , they are intersected throughout with hollow cells or cavities ,
consisting of a series of central cells , surrounded by another series of smaller cells ; by means of these the w eight of the vessels would be reduced to one-eighth of the amount , according to the number of series employed , and still have nearly all the advantages of solidity ; whilst the form in which the hull is made gives to it the strength of a tube , enabling it to be made of almost any length with perfect safety . If water obtains its wonted superiority as a mode of locomotion , the velocity of a steamship might as much exceed that of a railway carriage as the railway carriage now does the steamship . Unseen rocks could not endanger a ship whose path was on the surface , sea
sickness could not take place where there was no osculation , and the size of the vessel would place her beyond the mercy of the wind and w aves . In conclusion , Mr . Brown hopes that the numerous advantages to be adduced are a sufficient excuse for this at tempt "to add another feather to our wing , " by projecting a ship worthy of the ocean she is to traverse , and the two worlds which she is to unite ; and that the scheme will receive the attention that it merits , and which the importance of the subject with which it is identified has a right to demand . We shall give a diagram , and other particulars in an early number . — Mining Journal .
Electric Clock iron Regent ' s circus . —On Saturday , Mr . Clarke , the secretary of the Electric Telegraph Company , waited upon the Marylebone vestry to solicit permission to erect a small station and an electric clock of ornamental character at the Regent ' s-circus , Oxford-street , of a similar character to that in the Strand facing Hungerford-niarket . The vestry appeared to view the application in a most favourable manner , and appointed a committee on the subject .
Mobster Submarine Telegraph . —The practicability of successfully laying down a submarine insulated wire for the purpose of placing England , and in fact Europe , in telegraphic communication with America , is a question of very grave and serious consideration ; and although we live in an age when the terms " difficulties" and " impossibilities" are well nigh expunged from our engineering vocabularies , there do exist impediments in crossing the Atlantic , a distance of 3 , 000 miles , certainly most formideble , if not of an entirely prohibitory character . The only points of land or rock which could be
made at all available tor securing the wires are the " Three Chimneys , " situated at about 30 dog . west longitude , and " Jacket Island , " 40 deg ., from whence it would proceed to St . John ' s , in Newfoundland , longitude about 55 deg ., leaving long sea spaces of varying depths , encompassed with difficulties , the means to escape from which it is hard to surmise . In some parts of the Atlantic , the plumb line has been let out to a depth of five miles without reaching soundings ; in other portions the depth of the sea valleys varies from half a mile to two miles , and many of the more shallow spots consist of ridges of hard
water-worn , sharp-pointed rocks , which , from the violent action of the sea , would inevitably abrade and sever , in a very short per iod , any kind of metallic rope , however strongly manufactured , or externally protected . Vast masses of gigantic sea weeds , of unknown thickness , form the sea bed , extending over some thousands of square miles , in which the rope , once cm bedded , whether fractured or not , no power that could be placed on board a ship could ever again raise it . With such facts before us , it appears necessary , if telegraphic communication is to be accomplished between the two countries , to look about us
and see if there does not exist a route in which wc may find a little more terra jirma , and unaccompanied by such startling difficulties . A plan has been suggested , and the route partially surveyed , by two young engineers , Messrs . Harrison Brothers , which appears to solve the problem ; and , in fact , nature has placed at our command land stations by which , we have no doubt , the highly desirable achievinent may be successfull y accomplished . They propose to start from the most northern point of the main land of Scotland , proceed to the Orkney , Shetland , aud Faroe Islands , from the most north-westerly of these , cross to Iceland ; from Cape North , in Iceland , to the eastern coast of Greenland ; thence across the peninsula to a DavisStraits
point on ' s , near the Arctic Circle , crossing the Straits to a point near Cape Walsingham . The next and last submarine line would be across Hudson ' s Straits into Upper Canada , the wires then traversing the land to Quebec , from whence it would command the whole extent of the great continent of America . By this arrangement the whole of the submarine line would , probably , not exceed 2 , 500 ; but , being in detached portions , the longest of which , from the Foroe Islands to Iceland , would not much exceed 500 miles , the chances of practical success are greatl y multiplied . In the whole of the route , too , the bed of the North Sea is singularl y favourable for the project . At depths varying from 160 to 200 fathoms it consists of stony , sandy , and shingly bottoms , undulating in
Aswundim Project.—-Within The Last Quart...
hills , and valleys , where , out of a course of any very \ t navigation , and in situations not generally used for tnid Ve the wires would lie secure , performing their rapid , ' silm' ^ mysterious vocation in safety . The length of the line 0 v i ^ would much exceed that by sea before reaching Quebec ] ( l no difficulties are involved in its construction , wheth er car ^ i * posts or laid beneath the surface of the ground , the oidr sideration is the quantity of wire required , and , consemf COi 1 ' the expense to complete tho connexion . The practicabiiiK ' " ' successful results of the submarine telegrap h is now i tl fact , exemplified in the working of the line between PnS ^
and France ; and , if twenty-one mites can be accomplish- ! see no reason why , with a favourable sea bed , and under V advantageous circumstances , five hundred miles could n h successfully completed . The construction of such a line have here described would , indeed , lay the ground-work f *! ^ circling the earth with the means of instantaneou s rotcfe " " proceeding westerly through the Russo- American posscssm ?^' come to Behring ' s Straits , crossing which , by a submarin * V at the narrowest tperhaps 2 o 0 miles Prince
par , near of }\« ? Cape , we land on the coast oi"Russia in Asia , and , cro ' ? Siberia , establish an electric belt , surrounding the giol >(> f * which communications could with facility be made with "' * . !?? principal place in Europe , Asia , and Africa ; and froin ^ r United States , by the Isthmus of Panama , the same res 1 ? would follow with South America . We think cnou « di ' been said to show the practicability of the project , and as ' ^ understand the Danish government are favourable to the schism *
and are willing to rencier every assistance as far as flle > crosses their territories , we have no doubt there is sufficicit enterprise and scientific perseverence abroad to carry out ft plan to a successful issiie . ^ -Mining Journal . v , e
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R The Theatres. Sadler's Wells. On Frida...
r THE THEATRES . SADLER'S WELLS . On Friday and Saturday last week there Avas revived at IT < theatre Lillo ' s tragedy of Arden of Fever sham . The play ? very old , and although called , by courtesy , Lillo ' s , that Vlav wright has but little claim to its authorship , since it was £ put in a new dress by him . The picture of fearful crime that it presents , although the moral is good , produces a painful sen .
sation , and we were not surprised , therefore , that the applause on the fall of the curtain , was by no means unamnious . Tin ' plot of the piece is this : Alicia ( Mrs . Ternan ) has been married by her parents to the wealthy Arden of Fevenham ( Mr Marston ) whom she does not love , her affections having previously been set upon Mosley ( Mr . Rennet ) . Arden is a prey to jealousy , and his suspicions are aroused by seeing Ids wife alone with Mosley . He challenges Mosley to combat , but Moskv whose cowardice is proof against every indignity , refuses . A plot is then formed by Mosley and Alicia to murder Arden but
the courage of Alicia , who had undertaken to stab her husband while he slept , forsakes her at the last moment , and repentance ensuing , she becomes reconciled and attached to her husband and happy in his love . While this reconciliation is taking place , Mosley has agreed with Green ( Mr . Melon ) , another enemy of Arden , to employ Mack Will ( Mr . Barrett ) and Shakebag ( Mr . Harris ) , two cut-throats , to assassinate Arden The latter is several times saved from impending death by some fortunate circumstance . At length Mosley gets the two
cutthroatsto quarrel with and attack Arden in the street . Mosl & rushes in and rescues Arden , He thus gains the confidence of the unsuspecting Arden , who invites him to sup with him . Mosley consents , and with the aidof Michael ( Mr . Mford ) , oneoi ^« 7 e ? i ' fiservants , yhom he had tempted with the hope of obtaining Maria ( Miss Mandelbert ) , Mosleifs sister , he introduces the murderers into the house of Arden , who is presently set upon by them and murdered . The body is hid behind the abbey , but shortly after discovered . The assassins are
arrestedde-, clare that they committed the crime at the instigation oi Mosley and Green , and the participators in , and confidants of , the crime are marched off to execution . In the comic drama ot Young Husbands , the social vices and absurdities of the sickly civilization of our day are lashed with an unsparing hand . This piece has had a long run , and is well worthy the success it has achieved .
OLYMPIC . > A drama , entitled Uncle Tom ' s Cabin , founded on Mrs . Harriet Beecher Stowe ' s novel of the same name , was produced at the Olympic last week , but too late to give us mi opportunity of witnessing it before the issue of our last number . To detail the plot of Uncle Tom ' s Cabin would bo writing only for those who have not read the soul-stirring W 0 Yfc 0 f Mrs . ftwe-and who have read it not?—for , although considerable liberties have been taken with the narrative in order to render it fit for
dramatic representation , it is not dissimular enough to warrant our giving the plot . The piece is well put together , and will acted . Mrs . Walter Lacy ably represented Eliza : George i Hams was well personated by Mr . W . Farren , junr . ; and as ; Haley , the Yankee slave speculator , Mr . Hoskins was excel- lent . The piece was received with great applause bv a house ) crowded to overflowing . Uncle Tom ' s Cabin was followed by ; a musical drama , called the Swiss Cottage , which brought out t Miss Harriet Gordon as Lisette Giersiein . Phillips' comedy of > l the Master Passion , which we have previously noticed , followed , 1 , and the Waterman concluded the evening ' s entertainments .
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Alexander Smith Has Published A New Poem...
Alexander Smith has published a new poem , entitled " A Lifeife Drama , " m the Critic . These are the opening lines of it : " The lark is singing in the blinding sky , iletiges are white-with may . The bridegroom sea Is toymg with the shore , his wedded bride , And m the fulness of his marriage jov , He decorates her tawny brow with shells , hetires a space to see how fair she looks ,
1 hen proud , runs up to kiss her . " 1 he Royal " We . " - ~ Bit Edward Coke is wrong . Not Kingngg John , hut Hichard Cceur de Lion , was the first of our monarchal who adopted this imperial style .-Ate and Queries . Amihtia-man being told ' by a phrenologist that he had th < th < organ of locality very large , innocently replied , » Very likely-y—1 wf five years in the ' local militia . "' " The Viktuous PooK . "_ D r . R maintained that poverty was a virtue . " That , " replied Mr . Canning , "is KtaalW : making a virtue of necessity /'
An Irish lad , having been asked if the man who had jaiua flogged him was his own father , replied , "Yes , sure enouglugl ; ] he s the parent iv me ; but he treats me as if I was his sontoto another father and mother 1 "
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 2, 1852, page 14, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_02101852/page/14/
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