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ton, 3.1847. _^ THE NORTHERN STAR. 3
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^oetrp*
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FRANCE IN '93
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A LESSON FROM FOREIGN HISTORY (no* " the...
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Hark! the onward heavy tread-Hark! the v...
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Kow, the bloody work is done—On they str...
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AN EASTER OFFERING. Britannia's the land...
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ftebfetas
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TOE MAGAZINES. The Labourer. No. IV., so...
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UowitCt Journal, Part III. London: 171, ...
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The Midland florist. Conducted by J. F. ...
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The Poet op IsviBCHr.—One of the Poets o...
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MUic ftrntftments.
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The "preparations for Easter," at the va...
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James Sheridan Knowlbb.—During the past ...
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0xP0RD.-Tbe Hon. T. E. Stonor, son of Lo...
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THESE ARE THE CHAMBERS'S OF 184SJ [We ha...
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IMPROVEMENT OF WASTE LANDSSPADE HUSBANDR...
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tfarfetfe*.
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Drunkenness is stni, as is manliest from...
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jHtfttUanfaf*
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FonMKR Scabcitv.—In 1800, a year of grea...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Ton, 3.1847. _^ The Northern Star. 3
ton , 3 . 1847 . _^ THE NORTHERN STAR . 3
^Oetrp*
^ oetrp *
France In '93
FRANCE IN ' 93
A Lesson From Foreign History (No* " The...
A LESSON FROM FOREIGN HISTORY ( no * " the hatioh . " )
Hark! The Onward Heavy Tread-Hark! The V...
Hark ! the onward heavy tread-Hark ! the voices rude'Tit the famished cry for Bread From a'wildered multitude . They come ! They come ! Point the cannon—roll the drum ; Thousands wail and weep with Imager-Faster let your soldiers number . Sword , and gun , aud bayoaet A famished people ' s cry have met . Hark ! the onward heavy tread-Hark ! the voices rude—Tis the famished cry for B ? ead From an armed multitude . They come ! They come !
Hot with meek submission ' s ham , Sloody trophy they have won . Ghastly glare * it ia the Sun-Gory bead oa lifted pike . Ha ! they weep not now , bat ttriks . Ye , the deaf ones to their cries—Ye , who scora'd their agonies'Til no longer prayers for Bread Shriek in your ears the famished-Bat wildly , fiercely , peal on peal Resoundeth—Down with the Baitde 1 Can ye tame a people now f Try them—fl itttr , promise , vow , Swear their wrongs shall be redresied—But patience—time will do the rest ;
Swear they shall one day be feed—Hatkl the People—Dead for Dsad . Calculating statesmen quail—Proud aristocrat grows pale ! Savage sounds that deathly song ; Hark!—A hasUt Tyrant ! Blindly now they wreak revenge-How rudely do a mob avenge ! Wbatceronetted Prince or Peer "Willnot the baseborn slarelings fear ! Sooth , their cry is somewhat stern : AristoeraU , la Xsnternc ! Ghastly fruit their lances bear—Noble heads , with streaming hair ; No reverence for rank or law : A wilder shout—A basic Roil
Kow, The Bloody Work Is Done—On They Str...
Kow , the bloody work is done—On they stride o ' er prostrate throne ; Royal blood of King and Queeu Streameth from the guillotine ; Wildly on the people goeth , Heaping what the noble wweth—Little dreamed he , prince or peer , Of te & o should be his heritor . Hanger now , at last , is sated la halls where once it wtiled and waited—Wild Justice fiercely rives the laws Which foiled to right a people ' s cause . Ou that Human Ocean floweth , Whither stops it no one knoweth—Surge tbe wild waves in their strength Against all chartered lights at length' - * Throne , and King , and Koble fall -, But tbe People—they hold Carnival ! Sfzkisza
An Easter Offering. Britannia's The Land...
AN EASTER OFFERING . Britannia ' s the land where fell Slavery ' s chain Had bound fast its victims in hunger and pain ; Where no eye would pity , wben no band would save , Then came forth to break it O'Connor tbe Brave . Though tyrants around him their hellish darts hurl'd , The banner of Freedom he boldly uufurl'd ; " The despot's stronghold , ithtre entomb'd is the slave , 111 crush 1 " shouts the champion , O'Connor the Brave . A band ef brave fellows , whsse hearts caught the tound , Arose ftom their slumbers , asd rallied around , Resolved , in defiance of fool and of knave , For freedom to fight , with O'Connor tbe Brave . The tyrants all tremble to hear the dread cry , And priton aad scaffold are rearing on high , From pi ijob aad scaffold our brethren we'll save , Aad stand for our rights with O'Connor the Brave , Oppnscorc , though pale ' ceath yon hostile array , The widows and orphan * are watting away , Though strong is tbe tyrant , and poor is the slave , He shall yet be made free through O'Connor the Brav e The oypreu'd eud carewon have long groan'd 'neath year sway , Bnt the Land and the Charter ( hall sweep yon away , Nor longer as favours our birthright well crave , While life warms the breast of O'Connor the brave . Then ye whose hearts bum with the patriot's true fire , Sin ; songs of load praises on liberty's lire . Go , high the green banner triumphantly wave , And about three times three for O'Connor the Brave . AixxixnzB . Hcisb .
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Toe Magazines. The Labourer. No. Iv., So...
TOE MAGAZINES . The Labourer . No . IV ., so & Aran ,. Edited by Fxasgcb O'Co . tkob , Esq ., and Emibst Jo . tbs , Esq ., Burlsters-at-kw . London ; Northern Star office . Pursuant to previous announcement ? , the Labourer for this month consists of " A Treatise on the Small Proprietory System and the National Land and Labour Bank . " This Treatise is written for the purpose of " showing the mode by which every working man may become possessed of a comfortable cottage , with a sufficient quantity of land to occupy him in producing
all the necessaries of life for himself and family . " We must bear our testimony to the abie and convincing wanner iu which the subject has been handled and the truth demonstrated , and , in giving each an analysis ef this elaborate but lucid { treatise as our restricted space will allow , we feel we shall be better consulting the interests of our readers ! by illustrating our assertion through the medium of quotation , than through critical argument , inasmuch as it is the gre & t privilege of Troth , to be aWe to speak for herself . Mr O ' Connor thus introduces the subject under consideration ;—
I imposed no easy task upon myself in undertaking to recal a large population from old customs and habits , and long-cherished prejudices , to a new state of life . The allurements by which a thoughtless , innocent , ignorant , aad unsuspicious class of husbandmen , were induced to abandon rural occupations for an artificial livelihood , bat convinces me ot the utter selfishness of the rich and ( peculating , and of the friendless and unprotected state of the poor , who are ever madetbeauthors of their own ruin by artful and cold-blooded men , and who , sooner or later , are sure to repent the criminal indifference they manifest in all matters connected with their well-being as a class , provided the promised change holds out projptets of immediate improvement ; then , in such case , individuals abandon the substance to grarp at the shadow ; they forget their duty to society , of which each is a part , and the rulers of society take advantage « f their indifference to perpetuate the results of their own foi : y .
But the duty of a public instructor « far different : — Before I proceed ( continues the author ) to a simple illustration <> f my subject under its several heads , I may be permitted to observe , that I ever have and ever shall entertain , the most unmixed contempt for the mere politician , trfio i * . in general , an upholder and deBOtmter of abates ; a fomentor of feuds , that he may thrive upon dissension ; a propagator of prejudices , that he may make profit of men ' s fears and credulity ; an auailer of wrong , until corruption converts him into a soother of misery ; a mere trafficker in human susceptibility , capable of bring moulded into any shape best suiting the requirement * of the political mechanic—a thing bought and sold , like stock upon 'Change , and alike transferable . The author then proceeds to a consideration of
The differviux Ictaeea a small Proprietary Class and a class of £ mai ~ Farmers—I am opposed to a class of small farmers , holding capricious tenures under landlords , because they are the most defenceless in point Of meant ef defence , and the most exposed to tyranny and cupidity trom the amount of labour expended , and consequent improvement , and to which the landlord sap . poses himself to have the best claim . For instance , there would be no more hazardous property than the right of fifty tenants , holding four acres each , under a landlord npoa a short lease , or at will , because the rapidly improving state of land with so much labour expended upon it , added to the partiality of the tenant for the spot where he had worked , and which he bad improved , would confer aa influence upon the landlord Which no man should possess over another ' s industry and feelings . Such may be termed the
SMALL fJBJf SISTEtt ; whilst the small proprietory system , which means the fee or ownership being vested in the occupant , npon the reasonable condition that he shall pay a stimulated rent , charge according to the value of the holding when he tHs possession of it , places the labourer beyond the reach of rapidity and oppression . We are thence led to consider the position of man asan individual and as a member of society , both in reference to his own advantage and to the general Wod . which , under a salutary system , most ever be Jjoost synonymous terms . We are told how it is in
^ e terest vf the idle to restrain the productive Powers of the industrious , when that industry would Wd to the emancipation of th « latter , —and how « ueh emanci pation can bat be founded on the cultiration ofthe ml and the heme trade , in contradis"oetiento an artificial market and foreign competiooo— the fruitful parent of misery for the working Population . But , as the author happilv observes , the benefits jwnvable from the small proprietory system will not j * limited to the land-occupants alone , they will be Wended to society at large , and , as an illustration , a c omparison is instituted between—
Toe Magazines. The Labourer. No. Iv., So...
The benefits conferred npon society at large by ten farmers and their labourers , and tbOSO that would b » conferred by a population of three-aera occupants , cultivating the same amount of land , 3 , 00 acres In the one case we have ten farmers holding 300 acres each , and employing on an ftver-rated average , fifteen men each through the year , and scarcely ever employing a tradesman , with the exception of wheelwright , blatksmith , and harness-maker , and thoie only at particular seasons , and to no great extent . They are ten cuj . tomers to the shopkeepers in the town or village for manufactured goods of all sorts , and their custom , and tbat of their labourers , constitutes a portion of our hometrade in every department . I allow them to employ fifteen labourers each , every day throughout the year ,
and each labourer ' s family to consist of fire , which allots , seventy-five persons to each farm , or 750 to the tea , added to their small trade requirements . Upon the other hand , the 3 , 000 acres , subdivided Into farms of three acres each , more than any man in the world can cultivate , not only supports in comfort , but enriches , 1 , 000 families , or 5 , 000 human belagi . Here , then , are 3 , 000 acres of land—under a bad and deteriorating system , giving bad and ill-requited remuneration to 150 labourer * and their famUie *—and under a elf-protecting and self-remunerating system , giving employment , and comfoit . and riches to 1 , 000 labourers and their families . The expenditure ofthe ten farmers and their families in the manufacturing and commercial market is much ereater than that of all their labourers , but what is that
when compared to the expenditure of 1 , 008 men and their families , who would have a pride in living w » H 1 Whether would 5 , 000 well-paid , self-remunerated bus . bandmen , women , and children—or 750 slaves , paid at the rate of ssven , eight , nice , and twelve shUlings a week —be the best customers in the markets of Manchester , Birmingham . Sheffield , Northampton , and other hives of industry , where the bees are now starving , whilst the drones are living upon the honey they have made ! Whether would 1 , 000 women going to market with ready money , and a good week's store—or 150 minus of stores going for a bit on credit—be the best customers to the shopkeepers of the neighbourhood f Whose houses would hare most and best furniture , and which would give most employment to carpenters , masons , blacksmiths , tailors , shoemakers , hatters , hosiers , and , iu
short , to every department of labour f Which would produce most ! Which would have most to supply the wants of society after good consumption t Which would add most value to the soil f Which would be tbs best customers to schoolmasters , dancing-musters , and booksellers ! which would be the most likely to require a heavy poor-rate from the farmers t And which would be the most likely to protect us against the horrors of famiue and want ! And which would cost the state least in police-tax and legal expenses , and all the jobbing by whi ; h vicious men are enabled to uphold a vicious system ! And which would most tend to weed the surplus labour market of the idle competitive reserve , upon which capitalists j ' all back as a means of reducing wages —aright which they claim by prescription , and one which the most honourable Minister dares not invade or
weaken ! We feel confident that plain truths like these must tend to remove class prejudice , which has raised its voice against every plan for Labour ' s redemption . The principle on which the [ plan under our consideration is founded , is that of co-operation , and its distinctive result is " free labour" in contradistinction to " slave labour , " * r . d the prosperity ensuing respectively to the individual employed . and radiating thence on society at large . Indeed , this is admirably elucidated by the following words : —
A man ' s time occupied for himself , which affords him the profit that the master or farmer makes of his labour , together with the wages he receives for it , is more beneficial than the mere wages , leaving the profit to master , employer , or farmer , to be deducted . Now , if yon reject , « r do not understand , any portion of this , my treatise upon so novel a subject , bear the one plain fact that 1 have wriUeu well ia mind , —that the man who works for himself on the land has the farmer ' s profit and the labourer's profit ; whilst he works for hire , must work for what is offered , or starve . The security of the plan in all its phases , and the
objections which have been urged against it are treated of in succession , but we can only refer the reader to the treatise itself , since we should be doing injustice alike to the author and to the principles be advocates , if we were to give but cursory extracts from this part of the work . From the minute details relative to the operation of the plan , we are next led to consider its vast importance as " the great social and political lever by which the working classes are to be raised from their present slavish state , "—tbat , without it , every reform most prore abortive : —
Because the land aloae produces the poor man's medium of exchange for all other commodities , and because a sufficiency of land for man to apply bis own labour to , is tlie only raw material which be can cultivate for hi * own benefit . The monopoly of land has conferred a dangerous political power , which the necessities of our increasing population could no longer bear , and those who contended for its destruction rainty hoped to monopolise power for themselves , for even a worse and mere dan-^< = r 0 US purP < WU »— -for 1 thopurpamo ot esnstltntiag England the great slave-labour mart of the world . Let me ask you , working men , if yoa have ever thought of the motives by which free trade speculators in human misery
were actuated , in employing slaves to write against a plan which promises the poor the very results for which , in their humanity , they profess to contendnamely high wages , che » p bread , bread grown by yourselves , and plenty to do for yourselves . ! Ay , ' there's the rub ; " the plenty to do was for them , and not for yon . As I always told you , their pr inciple was deficient in the most important element of free trade—reciprocity . I told yon that their objue * was , to have the power of buying your labour in the cheapest market , by the standard of your necessities , and selling you year bread upon the principle of speculation , in the dearifit market .
The next great feature under consideration is " The National Land and Labour Bank ;"—the reasons for the establishment of which , in connection with the Land plan , are , in Mr O'Connor ' s words : — firstly , to enable me to carry on operations mors speedily ; and . tecondly , to afford the occupants an opportunity of purchasing the fee of their several allotments , vthch would be doubtful in case of mortgage , and all but unpoMihU in case of sale . Suppose an estate to be completed , and the occupants located , the slow process of applying their rents to the purchase of mere land , would have been a very tortious and dilatory one : upon
the other hand , mortgaging would be expensive , and would , sooner or later , place our property and our children at the mercy of some heartless and griping attorney , who , by hook or by crook , being possessed of the ' title-deeds , would fret and annoy the occupants to such an extent as would prevent them from expending the same amount of labour and skill as if they were secure in their holdings—and , again , we should not be able to mortgage foe the full value , which would deprive us of at least one-fourth of the capital expended npon each estate ; aad , most Important of all , the attorney of the mortgagee would keep people , whom I mean to be happy and peaceful , ia perpetual hot water .
If we sold the land a purchaser never would allow an occupant the chance of purchasing , excepting at an enormous sacrifice ; and , further , our operations may be stopped by some difficulty in the way of selling . The machinery ofthe Bank , its management and government are minutely detailed , and the treatise concludes with a stirring address to the working classes , on the principles of co-operation and democracy : — How is it , working men , tbat all combinations ofthe
wealthy , such as railways , mining speculations , naviga . tion companies , baaklng companies , and the like , prosper , while you , or some of yon , are foolish enough to believe that similar projects undertaken by you , who are the prop of all , must fail t How happens it , tbat the Press and the hirelings laud all such project * when undertaken by the wealthy , and denounce them as impracticable when undertaken by you ? It is because the wealthy plunder the poor , and are able to bribe the Press to the support of any project , however silly aad iniquitous . How is it that a combination of all the vices to
whish fletb is heir—drunkenness , roguery , licentiousness , lust , and idleness , concentrated in a « landing army —is able to overpower all the virtue of which you , ai a nation , boast ! How do 100 , 000 hired mercenaries withhold freedom from six million adults calling themselves men ! It is because they are united , and yon are at deadly enmity . Tour motto it" Every man for himself , " —the i « ldiei * sis " One for all and all for one . " In your narrow selfishness you forget year duty to society , and society taxes yon for your indifference , Ton hope to meet the foe singly , and he takes advantage ofyoar folly . Bally , working men ; take your affairs into your own hands ; stand by your own order , and you will soon be free !
A word , and I have done . Who , that could be a freeman , would be a slave ! And who , with a house of his own and 9 labour-field to work upon , the master of hit own Mint , coining his own industry into the medium of exchange for all the necessaries , and even the luxuries , of life , would envy the most perfumed Atfaenstum slave , who crouches before the will of a tauter , perhaps bis inferior in all save subserviency 1 Who would work for slave hire for another that could earn a freeman ' s wages for himself ! Who would be a lodger in a stranger ' s house that could live in a cattle of his own ! Who would hire land of which be may ba diipertested , tbat could purchase a freehold ! Who would crawl underground that could walk on earth ! Who wonld gasp in a factory , tbat could breath * in the open air ! Who would prostitute his wife to insure the countenance
of an overseer , that could provide for her in his own house ! Who weald leave the nurture and breeding of his little children to a stranger , that could preserve for them the mother ' s watchful eye and anxious care ! Who would allow his children to be brougtt up ac brutes , that could educate them as men ! Who would pine and die in a Bastile , that could live in happiness at homa t Who would die of old age at thirty , that might be young at seventy ! There can be but one answer to this stirring appeal —and we are confident that all those , who from ignorance of prejudice opposed the plan and principles propounded in this admirable treatise , needbutread it to alter their opinions , and to become , if honest men , staunch advocates of . the cause it espouses . It should be in the hands of every ; small tradesman , factory-slave aad labouring serf , —it should be in the
Toe Magazines. The Labourer. No. Iv., So...
hands of every member of Parliament , statesman and political oconomist , ~ it is that which has long been wanted , a definite and elaborate , yet plain argument , which meets every objection that ha * Leen orged against the Land Plan , and explains every point in its mechanism , refutes every doubt as to its progress , which even the most hostile political economist could advance .
Uowitct Journal, Part Iii. London: 171, ...
UowitCt Journal , Part III . London : 171 , ( Corner of Surrey-s ' reet ) Strand . We have already given several extracts from the numbers comprising this Part of Howitt ' t Jottntal ; and in our 6 th page will be found a most excellent article front the pen of William Howitt , on the General Fast , also extracted from this Part , mat article needs not a word of commendation trom us ; it mcrils and will have the concurrence and applause of our readers to a man . There are many interesting papers in this part which we should like to quote from , particuUrly the biographical sketch ot Ueorge Sand , but want of room forbids . The illustrations include portraits of George Sand and Jenny Lind , two of the most extraordinary aud admirable women of the present age . Their portraits will be welcomed with delight by the readers of Nowitft Journa l .
The Midland Florist. Conducted By J. F. ...
The Midland florist . Conducted by J . F . Wood . Nottingham : R . Sutton , Printer . London : Simpkin , Marshall and Co . The calendar of kitchen garden operations tor the month of April , contained in this number ot the "Midland Florist" will be very useful to thousand . The other articles will be found useful and interesting to those engaged in the cultivation oi flowers .
The Poet Op Isvibchr.—One Of The Poets O...
The Poet op IsviBCHr . —One of the Poets of the People , also , laaw—thesweetestsingerof them all—Thorn . » 'A Chieftain unknown to the Queen" is again exacting a cruel tribute from him . I wish mueu that some of those of New York who have tiikcn an interest in him would provide there a nook in which he might find refuge and solace for the evening of his days , to sing or to work as likes him best , and where he could bring up two fine boys to happier prospects than the parent land will afford them . Could and would America but take from other lands more of the talent , as well as the bane and sinew , she would be rich . —Correspondent of the " New York Tribune . "
Mart asd Whaiam Howitt , I saw several tiroes at their cheerful aud elegant home . In Mary Howitt I found the same engaging traits ot character we ara led to expect from her books for children . Her husband ' s full of the same agreo . oble inform a tin communicated in the same lively , pet precise manner we rind in his books ; it was like talking with old friends , except that now the eloquence ofthe eye was added . —CbrrwpoitoW of the Neva York Tribune . Thb Cabman ' s IIobsb . — ' He lives at Pentonwil when he ' s at home , " ebserved the driver , cooly , " but we seldom takes him home on account of his ness . " "On account of his weakness ; " reite the perplexed Mr Pickwick . " He always falls clown , when he's took out ofthe cab , " continued the driver .
"but when he ' s ia it , , we bears him up werry tight , aud takes him in werry short , so as he can't werry well fate down , and we ' ve got a pair o' precious large wheels on ; so yen he does move , they run after him , and he must go on—he can ' t help it . "—New Edition of " Pickwick Papers . " Jixglb ' s l ) oo . — " Ah ! you should keep dogsfine animals—sagacious creatures—dog of my own once—Pointer—surprising instinct—out shooting one day—entering inclosure—whistled—dog stoppedwhistled again— Fonto—nogo ; stockstill—called him —Ponto , —wouldn't move—dog transfixed—staring at a board—looked up , saw an inscription— ' Gamekeeper has orders to shoot a > l dogs found in this inclosure '—wouldn ' t pass it—wonderful dog—valuable dog that—very . "—Ibid .
Muic Ftrntftments.
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The "Preparations For Easter," At The Va...
The " preparations for Easter , " at the various places of public amusement , are , generally , on a very liberal and magnificent scale . Jenny Lind has at length con . tented to appear at the Italia * Ofeba , and Mr Lumley left England a few days since to fetch the acknowledged " Queen of Song . " We are fearful it will be only the favoured few who will have the advantage of listening to the dulcet sounds of this transcen-lent vocalist . Jadlle , Lind it not merely a charming singer and great actressbutber character is without reproach ; and for Scandal to be silent where , in too many instances , it delights to do mischief—is almost unprecedented , in the case of those whose abilitiei place them prominentl y before the public . Hans Christian Andersen says of her that she is a " noble woman and a faithful friend , '' and Frederlka Bremer is equally loud in ber praise . The debut of Jenny Lind , therefore—highly lauded , and deservedly ao at the is—will be an event of no ordinary character in the theatrical world .
At the Haimaiket , Mr Webster hat promised an original , grave , astronomical extravaganza , with all the new addenda , by the author of "The Invisible Prince , " called 'The New Planet ; or , Harlequin out of Place . " Thatpriuce of Burlesque , Mr Bland , will , we believe , sustain the principal character ; and we doubt ' not the extravagant * will be a decided hit , as , indeed , pieces of this character invariably are at this " legitimate " tbeatra . The Adiiphi does not promise any novelty ; but a goad evening's amusement may be relied upon , in the original and highly successful drama of" The Flowers of the Forest . " . The grand temt . butlesq . ue of " The Phantom Dancers ; or , The Wili ' s Bride , " will follow , and conclude the entertainment .
At Astlst ' s Mr Batty has put forth a highly attractive bill of fare , having dramatised Lord Byron ' s celebrated poem of "The Bride of Abydos , " introducing hii Egypian camels , elephants , wild ; zebras , beautiful horses , ponies , & c . on a scale of unequalled magnitude . By-tbe-by , Mr Bonn . at Dsobt-lane has engaged an extraordinary troupe cf wild animals , to appear in a mag . nificent oriental spectacle , entitled " The Desert , " and which , like " the poet ' s" usual high-sounding promises , are to outvie and eclipse all and every previous effort ia splendour and astonishment . Bather out of place Mr B . ; but quadrupeds are mere attractive than bipedt .
The Subset and OsecianSalook are not behindhand , tbe performances being unusually attractive . At the former theatre Mrs Daridge hat engaged a dozen real Bedouin Arabs . Probably oar readers may recollect the astounding agility these gentlemen exhibited a few years ago at this theatre and at tbe Adelphi—they all bat realised the great leap ef " jumping over the moon . " Turn wheresoever we will , Ethiopia * Sesbnasebs attract our view . Doubtless , to those who delight ia these performances , usque ad nauseam , abundant opportunities will offer during the holydays to gratify the with .
Vacxhasland Ciejiokke are beginning to "look up . " Mr Wardell , Invigorated by the patronage he received last season , will eater liberall y , and we hope receive the same deserved meature of " golden opinions , " bestowed on previous occasions . —Cremorne opens on Monday , on which occasion Mr Green will ascend with a dizen friends in the Nassau balloon . Mr Ellis has issued a programme of quite a classical character , almost rea . Using to the imagination tbe enchantments Of the " Arabian Nights . " The gardens have been much enlargedand a grand terpslcborean platform erected , so that the
" million" may dance right merriliein the open air , to the sounds of an efficient baud , Iu the evening the scene will be illuminated by 30 , 000 jett of gas . Every comfort has been added to tbe arrangements , and ^ economy , combined with civility , will be a principal , and we may add a very important feature at Cremorne Gardens . Itr Elite is an obliging man , and has had a . host of prejudice and mawwormitm to fight against in establiihing this truly beautiful promenade—at once a recreation and amusement to tbe toiling multitude ; and , if for no other reason , we wish him a renewal of public support .
Last , tbeugb not least , we draw attention to the entertainments pravided at the Polytechnic Oolossecm and Maoame Tassicd ' s . Considerable instruction may be derived from a visit to these interesting exhibitions ; and advise our country friends visiting London during the holydays to lay out a trifle in a really beneficial manner .
James Sheridan Knowlbb.—During The Past ...
James Sheridan Knowlbb . —During the past few days a memorial to Lord John Russell has been in course of signature in Leeds , in favour of a pension being granted to Mr J . S . Knowles , as a reward for his genius and talent as an author . The memorial has received the signatures of many ofthe most respectable inhabitants of tbe borough . [ The metropolis will not be behindhand in joining in this tbe "labour of love , " in endeavouring to secure to a worthy man and truly great writer a suitable pension , to cheer the declining days of one who has so largely contributed to the literature ofthe countryone whose name , we do not hesitate to say . will live "for all time . " ! Return op Mas . Nisbbit to thb Stage . —All lovers of genuine English comedy will be gratified to learn that the stage is about to regain one of its brightest ornaments — our British Thalia , Lady Boothby , or as she is better known to tbe theatrical world , Mrs Nisbett—having relented of her stern determination never to revisit the pale glimpses of tbe foot lights . We cannot but rejoice at this— 'Mrs Nisbett ' sjoyous , silrery laugh , her winning smile , the rich mellow tones of her voice , her pleasant sunny look , and her charming , natural acting hare all bees too long wanting to the mimic world of the stage , where her absence has created a void that none but herself can supply . It forms no email part of our gratification in making this welcome announcement , VJ w ] * ° add that 5 t is * ° enterprising spiritlof Mr Webster , the manager of tbe little theatre in the Uaymarket , that the world of playgoers are indebted for thu unexpected pleasure . Mrs Nisbett appears at the Uaymarket on Monday week , as Constance in the Love Chase , one of Sheridan tvoowles ' s mott delightful comedies .
0xp0rd.-Tbe Hon. T. E. Stonor, Son Of Lo...
0 xP 0 RD .-Tbe Hon . T . E . Stonor , son of Lord Camoys , is to be brought forward on the Liberal side at the next election for thia city .
These Are The Chambers's Of 184sj [We Ha...
THESE ARE THE CHAMBERS'S OF 184 SJ [ We have already shown to our readers the Chambers s of 18 * 7 ; we now refer to the previous opinions of these changeable economists . Whence this wonderful change ?]
Improvement Of Waste Landsspade Husbandr...
IMPROVEMENT OF WASTE LANDSSPADE HUSBANDRY . ( From the Information for the People , No . 12 . ) [ Coittinuecf / roni our last . ] Having thus provided a main drain , with gubraaine flowing into it , matters are prepared for setting off and executing tbe parallel frequent drains in the body of the field . The drains can be executed at any season when the weather will permit , but the spring and summer are most suitable for the work . It is best to execute tlie drains when tho field is in grass , as it can then be done in all weathers in a more cleanly manner . In laying off the drains , the first object for consi deration is the nature of the subsoil . If it consist of a stiff strong till , or a dead sandy clay , then the distance from drain to drain should not exceed from 10 to 15 feet ; if a lighter and more porous subsoil , a distance of from 18 to 24 feet will be close enough ;
and in very open subsoils , 40 feet distance may be sufficient . When the ridges of the field have been formerly much raised , it suits very well to run a drain up every furrow , which saves some depth of cutting . The furrow being thereafter made over the drains , tbe hollow is filled up , and the general surface ultimately becomes level . W ben the field is again ridged , the drains may be kept in the crowns or middle of the ridges ; but U it is intended to work the field , so as to alternate tbe crowns and furrows , then the ridges should be of a breadth equal to double the distance from drain te drain ; and by setting off the furtows in the middle betwixt two drains , tbe crowns will be in a similar position ; so that when the furrows take the place of the grounds they will still be in the mi-Idle , which will prevent the risk of surface water getting access to the drain lrom the water furrows by any direct opening . "
Smalt tributary drains , made with broken stones , and covered with turf , to prevent the earth from filling them up ( called rumble drains in Scotland , ) are in most places falling into disuse , and are _ superseded by drains' made with tiles . Tile drains are peculiarly available over the greater part of England , where there is a scarcity of stone ; and both * here and elsewhere they will soon constitute the only kind of field-drainage in use . The tiles for these drains , which are made at most brickfield * " , are simple in construction . There is a flat tile for the bottom , and a semicircular tile to place upon it , with the concavity undermost . In hard bottomed land , the sole tile is sometimes disused . Tbe tiles measure from twelve to fourteen inches in length ; and being
placed neatly in a row , close to each other , a channel of four inches wide and six inches deep is formed ; the water is admitted by the seams or interstice ? , so as readily to flow away . A little straw , stubble , or loose furze , ia placed immediately over the upper tile , by which the chance of stoppage by the intrusion of earth is removed . The depth at which the tilo train is laid is t » enty-foar or thirty-six inches , as above , which , being covered with ten or twelve inches of gravel or stones , allows a sufficient depth of soil above for the operations of sub-soil ploughing . When the depth of the drain is three feet , and the soil a retentive clay , it is frequently filled up for about a foot with stones above the tilo , and turf laid above the stones , the rest being made up with surface earth .
In cutting drains , three kinds of spades will b » required—a common working spade , one a little narrower , and the third the breadth of the bottom of the drain . The cuttings should be done smoothly and neatly , preserving a / descent throughout ; and the tiles should not be laid till the cuttings have been carefully inspected . The termination of the tiledrains may be led into subterranean mains , or into the shelving banks of open rivulets or sunk ditches : but in ( the latter case , their mouths will probabl . r require to be protected from the intrusion of vermin , « r from external injury . In planning ( lie lines of drains , the straightest side of the field should be selected , the first being laid off as parallel as possible , and the others formed at the distances thought
necessary . In some places , from tho extreme levelness ofthe land , or from obstructions in the subsoil , it will be found difficult to carry off moisture by drainage in the regular manner , and the leading of conver ^ inc drains to a pit in a tow part ofthe field , will be thr only course open for adoption . The drainage of sheep pastures is often not lew necessary than land for tillage ; it improves thgrass , arid , by drying the surlace , renders the grnund more salubrious—dry pasturage being indispensable for sheep . The mode of draining adopted for
hillsheep-walks is verv simple . On the sides ot lulls , open drains a foot ' in depth , and from eighteen inches to two feet broad at the top , arc cut , with a gentislope towards a rivulet , into which thoy ara to dicharge themselves . They are made to slope in different directions , and thus form so many furrow * , which draw off the trickling moisture of land springs , and the superabundant rain which falls . In th < south of Scotland , the sheep-walks have been prodigiously improved by these simple and unexpensiv * drajns .
SUBSOIL PLOUGHING . It has been seen , in treating of mosses , that ground chiefly composed of inert vegetable matter , or peat , may be greatly improved by supplying a due proportion of sand or gravelly material , carted from a < ii & . tance or raised from the subsoil . Tho same thing may be said of all lands which have been deteriorated by repeated cropping . A time comes when the allien and other earthy bases aro found to have been abstracted in the crops , and fresh materials must be added .
The process of earthy restoration may be accomplished by scattering new materials upon the fields ; and this might be easily accomplished in many parts ofthe country , so far as silica or fine sand is concerned , but the readiest and cheapest process in most situations will consist in trenching tlie subsoil , and gradually assimilating it to the mould above . The subsoil , or that portion of the under stratum which lies out of the reach of the ordinary plough , may already be so good as to be available for bringing towards the surface , and in such cases it admits ot easy and profitable management ; but in most instances in our country , the subsoil is hard and stony , and will require to be trenched , and lie for a time in its underground position , belore it is ready
for mixing with the upper mould . The most efficient instrument for trenching the subsoil on a large scale , is the subsoil-plough , invented by Mr Smith of Deanston . When a field is to be trenched , a common plough , drawn by tiro horses , goes before , throwing out a large open furrow of the active soil . The subsoil plough follows in the wake of the common plough , slits up thoroughly and breaks the bottom , and the next furrow of active soil is thrown over it . This large subsoil-plough isakindofnom-rjicfc , breakina up without raising the under stratum ' to the surface . The atmospheric air being by this means freely admitted to the subsoil , the most sterile and obdurate till becomes gradually meliorated , and the common
plough may ever after beVrought to a depth of from ten-to twelve inches without obstruction . For this heavy ploughing most likely three horses yoked abreast will be " required . The charge for subsoilploughing may be estimated at twenty-foar to twenty shillings per statute acre , being one-fifth of what a similar depth wjUh the spade would cost , and , upon the whole , be ' _ as . effectually done . The expense of subsoil-ploughing is no doubt considerable , but its advantages are incalculable . " All who have ever studied or experienced the most common gardening , must be aware ofthe important advantages ot deep working ; and when it can be attained in the broad field of farming at so small a cost , they may easily
believe that the whole will be more than doubly repaid in every succeeding crop , and abundantly even in pasture . When land has been thoroughly drained , deeply wrought , and well manured , the most unpromising sterile soil becomes a deep rich loam , rival ling in fertility the best natural land of the country , and from being fitted for raising only scanty crops of common oats , will bear good crops of from 32 to 48 bushels of wheat , 30 to 40 bushels of beans , 40 to 66 bushels of barley , and from 48 to 70 bushels of early oats per statute acre , besides potatoes , turnips , mangel wnrael , and carrots , as green crops , and which all good agriculturists know are the abundant producers of the nest manure .
L 1 UINO . Lime is the most important earthy substance which is usually applied to land . It is found in the form of rocky material , in which condition it is in comhination with carbonic-acid gas . On being burnt , this gas is expelled , and it assumes the form of a whitish brittle mass , easilyreducible to a powder . On being exposed to the atmosphere in its soft powderj ; eondition , it has a strong tendency to imbibe moisture from the air , and soon becomes as heavy as it wa » previous to burning . It also recombines with itself carbonic acid from the air . The use of this art'ficially-prepared earth in agriculture is well known ; but certain peculiarities in its action have never been satisfactorily ascertained . It possesses the power of decomposing animal an ' vegetable matter , and enters as an element into the
fabric of plants ; in certain oases it only alters the constitution ofthe soil , and in some instances its application will he positively injurious . Speakina of this remarkable fossil , Sir Humphrey Dary observes : — " When lime , whether freshly burned or slacked , is mixed with any moist fibrous vegetable matter , there is a strong action between the lime and the vegetable matter , and they form a kind of compost together , of which a part is usually soluble in water . B y this kind of operation , lime render * matter which was before comparatively inert , nutri live ; and as charcoal and oxygen abound in all vegetable matters , it becomes at the same time converted into a carbonate of lime . Mild lime , powdered limestone , marls , or chalks , have no action of this kind upon vegetable matter ; by their action they prevent the too rapid decomposition of substances already dissolved , but they hare ne tendency to form
Improvement Of Waste Landsspade Husbandr...
soluble matters . It is obviou * from these circumdances that tho operation of quick lime , and marl or chalk , depends upon principles altogether different , tluick . lfme , on being applied to land , tends to bring any hard vegetable matter that it contains into a state 01 more rapid decomposition and solution , so as to render it a proper food for plants . Chalk and texture ofthe soil , or its relatmn to abs . rntion ; it nm ^ wher ! if EL * Ua C * ^ g ^ icntf Quick SnrJr « onllh W S * ' ° Derates ' » the « Utie manner as chalk ; but in the act of becoming mild , it prepares soluble out of insoluble matterT ThT solution 10 ' the ques tim , whether quick-lime ought to be applied to a soil , depends upon the quantitr oi inort
vegetable matter that it contains , 'ibe solution ofthe question , whether marl , mild lime , or -powdered limestone , ought to be applied , depends upon the quantity of calcareous matter already in the soil All soils are improved by mild lime , and ultimately by quick-lime , which do not effervese with acids and sands more than clays . " ' ( To be continued . )
Tfarfetfe*.
tfarfetfe * .
Drunkenness Is Stni, As Is Manliest From...
Drunkenness is stni , as is manliest from tno extent to which the revenue returns prove that intoxicating liquors are drunk , and from the multiplied beer-shops , a national sin , impoverishing many families , and depriving the whole country of food that is thus perverted from a wholesome use . [ Working men , annihilate this " besetting sin , " or wear , for ever , an iron chain . ] A . Cork paper says that two hundred tenants ofthe Duke of Devonshire in thecountv of Wate » ford , have determined to throw up their leases and emigrate this spring to America . The French Chambers have it in contemplation to impose a dog . tax , At present , in Great Britain , there is one in 1 , 585 of the popnlation deaf and dumb , and one in 1 , 000 blind . The full moon reflects npon the earth only about one three-thousandth part of the light of the sun .
The finest cosmetic discovered ' since the creation of the world consists in the following mixture : —Early rising , exercise in the open air , temperance in eating and drinking , cleanliness and good humour . The Inverness Courier mentions a singular feat of a cat , which leaped into Loch Ness , and seized a fine trout , which it drew ashore , and triumphantly devoured . The fortune left by M . Martin du Nord , the late French minister , is estimated at £ 70 , 000 sterling , Tbe cost of the funeral was defrayed by tho State .
For wany years . Mehemet Ali has adopted the system of moving about to different parts of his territories , according to the periodical changes in the temperature . By ' thus continually moving about , and avoiding extremes of heat and cold , the Pacha has prolonged his life to what may be already termed a good old asre . Lord Ashburton stated in tbe House of Lords a few days since , that £ 24 . 300 , 000 sterling were annually lost to the trade of this country by bad debts , in some shape or other ! Mr Cobden is at present in Naples , where Baron de Rothschild , the h' -ad of the house in that city , has given him a banquet , which Prince Oscar . of Sweden , honoured with his presence . On Monday , the bells of Ripon Cathedral rang a merry peal , on the occasion of driving the first pile of * he new viaduct of the Leeds and Thirsk Railway . The necossity of a penny postage is now being canvaswid at Rome .
The public are again cautioned that there are many light sovereigns and half-sovereigns , as well as counterfeit crowns and half-crowns , in circulation . The new model prison for the detention of persons remanded fronVpoiiee offices , and awaiting trial , is finished . It contains one thousand separate cells , to keep persona entirely apart whilst under detention . Out of 3 , 000 barristers named in the Law List , it is md . that not more than 200 aro sufficiently emnloved to earn a decent maintenance .
A paper has been published in Boston . ( TJ . S ., } on 'he phonotypic principle . It is entitled the Anglo-Sacsun , devoted to the difyuziin of nolej and nuz . The paper is able and interesting . The annual income of England and Wales Is estimated at ahou' two hundred millions sterling and fet , of the adult population , no more than forty in the hundred can wri'e their names . A leveller , perceiving two crows flying side by Me , said , " Ay , that is just how it should be ; I hate to fee one crow over another . " The Queen held a drawing-room ( the first this ¦ easnn , on Saturday afternoon , at St James ' s Palace . It has been said of birds that they are the poor man ' s music ; and we may observe of flowers tbat 'hey are the poor man's poetry .
Certain Russian physicians , now in Egypt , investieatincr the nature ofthe plapne , experience no difficulty in finding persons who , for a trifling gratuity , differ themselves to be inoculated with it . The French savant inoculate themselves . There are now in PittsbW , TJ . S ., nine daily ' ewspapers . Fifty years ago , the place was a
wilderness , . A new college , on a large scale , is to bo erected at Leaminston , and arrangements have been made for laying the foundation stone with the customary ceremonials on the Thursday in Easter week . Iler Majesty and the Queen Dowager have each contributed £ 20 towards the erection of a schoolronm for the education of the boys of the parish of Slough , aocordinc to the " National System , " and also a house frr the master . There is an awful increase of infectious disease in the-own of Slico . A remarkable luminous arch appeared in the heavens , at Cambridge , on the 19 th ultimo , and attracted much attention in this and the neighbouring counties . The Earl of Oxford has made an abatement of fifty p er cent , on the rental of all his allotment tenants in Dorsetshire .
M , Soyer s soups have been called the " warmwater cure . " There was , a short time ago , a man named Cain Able . keeping the " Adam and Eve" Tavern , in Norwich . One day last week , therailway train running from Courtrai to Ghent narrowly escaped a serious accident . Some wretches had laid several blocks of wood across the rails ; but the engine-driver saw them in time to stop the train , and have these obstacles removed . A private letter from Madrid mentions that tho Queen and her husband walked for some time on Sunday evening in the promenndi d'Atooha , without being accompanied by any person but an attendant . Sir A . Dunbar , Bart ., the representative of one of the oldest Scottish honse * . died on Monday last , at hii seat . Northfield , Elginshire , aged 15 .
The authorities of Havana have imposed fifteen days'imrtrisonment . on any person calling for an encore , and demanding the presence of an artiste before the curtain at the theatre . Several vices , destructive both to mind and body , are inconsistent with the habit of cleanliness . The deaths in the Cork Workhouse , last week , were 115 . Connected with the house , there remain 5 , 224 paupers ; in hospital , 628 ; extra patients , 1 . 656 . It is a mark ofthe soundest wisdom not to pry into a secret , and when found , of the purest honesty not to reveal it .
Good manners have this advantage over ' cood morals—that they lie more on the surface ; and there is nothing , I own , inclines me to think so highly of the understandings or dispositions of others os a thorough absence of all impertinence I do not think they can be the worst in the world who habitually pay the most attention to tbe feelings of others , nor tho = c tbe best who are endeavouring every moment to hurt them . —Hailitt . The general drill and field days of the army will commence on the 10 th of April when all officers on leave must return to their duty .
I he carriage maker « , smiths , and labourers emoloyed in the Great Western Railwa ) Company's carriage department at Pad'lington , have voluntarily subscribed each a day ' s pay towards the fund for the destitute Irish . The sum amounted to £ 60 . The number of Irish poor landed at Liverpool in February was 26 , 348 . Three of the relieving officers have died of typhun fever , caught in the dissborge of their duties . The distress among fh' > middle * classes in Paris , especially the re * ail trader * , is extreme ; business is almost anniliilatid , ? nd bankruptcies are of hourly
occurrence . A married woman at Fall River , fifteen years old , was delivered of twins ( boys ) last week . The father is seventeen years old . Tliey are all doing well . — Newport ( American ) Daily ; A real admirer for " the Statue" has been found at last . The intelligent fliniloo who sweeps the crossing hy the arch says ,- " He really like de Statty , ' case him berry 'high cast ( e ) . '"—Punch . ins BLBBSIKOB OF JETHEB , A Bladder of Ethet , oh ! fill , fill for me ! L * t those who prefer it feel pain ; But I'll have out my tooth , though a molar it be , And it never shall plague me again . The dentist his foro / ps displays to my eye , I feel no emotions distressing ; Inhaling- my Eth <; r , the wr .- . nch I defy—Oh 1 E'hir iudae . l is a blessing . Punth
. Wo understand tho Caledonian Canal is now open from Inverness to Gairlochy , and will , in a few days more , be opened from sen to tea . THB BMKfl OENKBATION . Juvenile . — " Ah , it ' s ail very well ! Love may do for boys and gala ; but we , as men ofthe world , know ow ollow it is . "— . TuneA . A gentleman in Hull , who proposes to form an Anti " Stay and Corset Company , would wish ladies to be like Thompson ' s Lavinia , who had " no stay save innocence and heaven . "
Jhtfttuanfaf*
jHtfttUanfaf *
Fonmkr Scabcitv.—In 1800, A Year Of Grea...
FonMKR Scabcitv . —In 1800 , a year of great si > ar . city , an act was passed prohibiting bakers from nlf ' ering thoir bi * ad for gale until twenty-four hour * after it was baked . IfLiNOTON Ntw Cattle Mabket , — We rr-jcic * to find accmpiny formed for the purchase and establishment of tliH excellent market , 'filename * of the chief proprietors , amongst whom is S . Guruey , Esq ., area sure guarantee that this great object of relieving or removing the Smithfield niikc-mw , will beatlenL-rli ( wlreved .
New Folick Station at Pimiico— The 1 ) division of police have taken possession of the ik-w station and station houses , recently erected in Ct'ttagc-ri . ' . td , Eaton-square . The new building is both capcci , 'U « and convenient , and affords well-ventilated sinking apartments for thirty-five men . The _ cells are . vlso exceedingly well-constructed , with facilities ; for ventilating them upon an improved principle . Tub Exte . vsivf Fokgekies is Leebs . —Great Yigi « lance hns bien used hy the police for the pur [ i <*\ j of discovering the Messrs Glover , brothers , who a : ; -. nd ehar . ed with committing forgeries to a considerable amount ; bnt ni information free from doubt hns yet been obtained : » s to the quarter to which they have fled . It is , however , generally supposed , tbat they sailed for America , in the llibernia .
BniTisii Museum—Dr Buckland , Dean «* ' Westminster , hns been elefted a trustee ot thr' I ' litign Museum , in the room ofthe late Duke of North « m > herland . We look upon this appointment ; is <> n » likely to advance the general interests of the mvrs-. urn . Mastkr in Chancery . —The lucrative ofiion ofene of the Mast' -ra of the High Court of Chancery is dow vacant , Master Lynch having sent iu his reshjr-atiott in consequence of ill health . EcursB or the Moon . —A partial eclips * of < b 0 moon , vWihle in this country , occurred on 'Wodnes *
day last . The first contact was at 8 h . 3 m . in tha evening ; the middle , 9 h . 6 m . ; and the 1 i :-t contact , IOh . 9 m . by the raean time at Greenwich . Nathan TU . man , a Revolutionary Hero , lately died at Ghateaugay , Franklin Co ., in the HOth yvjar of his age . The Albany Evening Journal says -. — " Mr 13 . was Ethan Allen ' s guide at the capture of Ticondcrosn . He was intimate in tho Fort , ;< . nd conducted Allen directly to Capt . Do la Place ' s room . lie was at Allen ' s side when he told ; hfl astounded officer by whose authority he demanded the surrender of the Fort . "
"Veuylikb a Whale . — 'lhe iVeiu Yorh Tribuw reports the discovery of the fnllowini ; mare ' s nest , —• " It is discovered that the city of London has b »» en sinking gradually for some years : the water iu the Thames is ri-ing in the same ratio . " [ That Uie Thames is rising may be true ; but if London is " sinking" it is very " gradually" indced-l " Oily Mkn of God . "—A volunteer writing 0 : om Parras . Mf-xico , says that he attended service in one of the Catholic Chinches there , and after the core « monies were over , was politely invited into the sacristy by the attending priest , there ha aud his biother officers were regaled with cigars , wii . o and brandy . The priest was talkative , jovial and vsry Cood company . The " boys" will certainly "join his church .
• Arcient ScuLrTiffiE . —A few days since , in opening a passape from the deanery gardt-n to the dark entry , in the Canterbury precincts , and which has long been close' ' , a handsome stone archway was discovered , which had been plastered over to correspond with the wall of the entry . It is of very cle $ ; int proportions and beautifully sculptured . It i * now fitted with a new oaken door , and forms a netir and convenient communication from the deanery to tho cathedral . The Steamship Great Britain . —The breakwater " tethe Great Britain still continues to attract atten *
tion . The sea rolls along her deck in awful grandeur , occasionally breaking as high as Iiur nwatsv The noise of the sea rebounding and meeting is distinctly heard amid the roar ofthe wind and noiso of the breakers on the beach The tides , with the wind at the south , aro expected to bo the jiighedt of the year . Montague Housb . —The Dako of Buccieugb nontemplates pullingdown the family mansion at ^ lutehall , ' and erecting on its site a residence of eor / siderable architectural magnificence . It is said that she works will be commenced early in the autumn of this year .
Falkland . —Thhek Lives Lost . —An acciuent of a very lamentable nature occurred at Fortlmr Lima Works on the afternoon of Friday last , whereby three men were instantaneously called into eternity , whilst a fourth was so injured that he is not expected to recover . The accident was occasioned by the wiling of a huge mass of rock from the face of the quarry in which they were employed . Upwards of two hours elapsed before the bodies of the unfortunate men were got oat . Literary Patroxmje . —We are happy to leavn that the Marqnta of Clanvicardo has presented one » f the sons of Mr John Heraud with an appointment in ; he secretary ' s department of the Post-office . ExTRAOBBWAsr Lamdiso . —Mr Ileslop , of B ;> rmby Hall , near Barnsley , has three ewes that hav »> lambed ten Iambs ; two of the ewes have three lamo . s cpcd , and the other four lambs , all of which are doing well .
Old Bob . —In the Baltimore Prison there is ^ u old neero who was convicted forty years ago of the r .-urder of his master , and was sentenced to be hunt ; , but which was commuted to imprisonment for life . Old Bob , as they call him , seems not desirous of liberty . A Nice Legislator .-B . F . Walker , a sK-raberof the Missouri House of Representatives , has been expelled from the House for indecent and insulting conduct to a female in the public streets . Curious Accident to a Snipe . —At Hentibrd , a dead snipe was found lately in one of tlie Oaatle meads . It had evidently been starved to ri .-i . tli with , food in its beak . The upper part of its io ' i ^ : btl i was jammed into a pieco of hollow reed about : « i i ; xh long , and in tlie lower part , towards the point , was
enclosed a small beetle . Tho bird had no di-uht wen boring into the reed for the bettle , and tin ? sttu ; ip of a reed had broken , leaving a portion fitted « o ti ji jtly round the upper part of the bill as not to be rciiiuve ^ . by any efforts the bird could make . Tbe biiu Sn : been stuffed , with tho beetle within , and tho r « jfl around its bill , as a curiosity . Origin op the Word "News . "— " News" is not , as many imagine , derived from tho adjective New , In former times it was a prevalent practia- N to put N ever the periodical publications of | the day the initial letters of the cardinal F . W points of the compass , thus : —importing i that those papers contained intelligence S from the four quarters of the globe ; anti lrom thia practice it derived the term newspaper .
Mr Keahns' Family . —We are happy to ! i : ; mi that at a meeting of tho committee who managed ! . ) w concert for the benefit of the widow and large family of the late Mr Kearns , it was ascertained that tbe •• oncert had realised a nett sum amounting to £ 2-10 . General Theatrical Fund . —The eighth . 'i . niversary of the foundation of this institution was celebrated on Monday evening by a dinner at the London Tavern . W ; C . Macrcady , Esq ., ooenpied th « ouair , supported by C . Dickens , Esq . About 200 gentlemen were present , comprising all the most celebrated names in the various departments of the divma . Belief ep Highlanders . —The sum of . £ 3 J 0 Masbeen remitted to Edinburgh for the relief ot the Ilighlanders . as the proceeds of a private fancy b ^ wir held at Stratheden House , by Lady Strathedeu and Campbell , with the assistance of her friends .
Alleged Murdeuon thb High Sp . as . —The trial of Captain Thorp , for the murder of Johu Gmlallio , terminated on Tuesday last at Liverpool . andie . suHed in his acquittal . Symptomatic . — " I don't say as how mishu . i drinks , but I do know tho bottle in the dark closst don't keep full . Punning bv Decrees . —MissEdgeworth , hearing a lady say , "I cannot sing , positively , " replied , " Trse , we all know you can sing sir erlativehi . * '
Dreadful Explosion . —A dreadful explosion took ; place in a coal-mine near Mons , on the 22 ml ult ., at a time when fifty men we'O in it . TwtT . tj-sut were killed . An explosion also took place ou the 23 rd , in one ofthe coal-pits of La Graine . in Alsace . Tweuty-four worKmen perished , and twelve arc seriously burnt . Seventeen of the bodies have been got out , but the other seven still remain in the pit , ° it leing impossible to reach the spot where they were lying , in consequence of a portion of the coat-bed being on fire .
East Sussex . —Lord Cantilupe has announced himself as a candidate for the eastern division in place of Mr Frewin , who has signified his intention of retiring from the representation . Berwick . —It is stated that Mr Alwy n , an eminent East India merchant , will come forward at the next election in the Conservative interest . Theological . Error . —Our proof-reader , l > n ' ng a confirmed Protestant old bachelor , allowed one of our items yesterday to speak of the Pacification of the Virgin Mary . Without irreverence we say , that such a slander upon the sex was the last thins that either we or he could ever voluntarily be guilty of . — N . ¥ . Tribune . A Prophecy . —The Heraldis on the tripod- With an agitation of manner corresponding to the astounding nature of the announcement , it lucidly sajs : — "The future is full of something ! " Dreadful , isn * tit ? -A * . Y . Tribune .
The Wbather and the Crops . — 'Accounts from various parts of the country lead us to infer that the fine , genial weather is superinducing health y and rapid vegetation . But we trust none will reranin idle—Nature is over prolific ; and man , especially when famine impesds , should and must do his share Hampstead Heath . —Hampstead has still a goon deal of romantic beauty . I was told it was the favourite skotching-ground of London artists , till the railroads gave them easy means of spending a fow hours to advantage further off . But , indeed , there is a wonderful deal of natural beauty lying in untouched sweetness near London . Near one of our cities it would all have been grubbed up the first thing . —But we , too , are beginning to grow wiser . - * Correspondent of the New fork Tribune ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 3, 1847, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_03041847/page/3/
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