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THE NORTHERN STAK. MmtJUssi.
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Juit Published, IN NOS. AT ONE PENNY EACH,
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tne late 3s a memoir which has just been published of an American clergyman, the author, who is the
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sepnew or vr. uaanmns:, narrates an amus...
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NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. A Magnificent Ste...
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5To erorrfepoimnttft*
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SorriscnAJi.—Mr. J. Sweet begs to acknow...
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THE 101TIEIH STAB SAVCHOAY, MAIT 3, 1S51-
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MAY-DAY. May-flay -was a high festival w...
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THE GOOD TIME. COMING. As wo anticipated...
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THE BULL FllOGr CONCERT AT DRTJRY LANE. ...
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mx W&ittltiv fHtvror,
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DOMESTIC. Parliament has settled to its ...
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Caitssderers' Strike in Glasgow. —Some i...
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THE LABOUR QUESTION Mr. Kydd gave his se...
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MuBDiai seau Tncno.—A frightful murder r...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
The Northern Stak. Mmtjussi.
THE NORTHERN STAK . MmtJUssi .
Juit Published, In Nos. At One Penny Each,
Juit Published , IN NOS . AT ONE PENNY EACH ,
Ad00414
THE EMGBAtrS GUIQE TO THE 60 LflE « LAKfl . CALIF O B N I A , ITS PAST HISTORY ; ITS PRESEKT POSITION ; ITS FUTPHE PROSPECTS : TOIH A HISDTE ASD AOTHSSTIC ACCOUST OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE GOLD REGI 05 T , A . VD IHE SUBSEQTJEXT IMPORTANT PROCEEDINGS . In tie course of the work will be siren UAH BIEEGHONS TO EMIGRANTS TO
Ad00415
The Publication Office of the Works of ERXESI JOXES Is Removed to R . PateT ' s , 47 , Holjwell-street . Strand , Xondon , to wliom all orders must he addressed . POEMS and NOTES to tho PEOPLE , SOW VBBUS 1 US & , Ia Weekly Xumbers of Twentv . four Passes { double columns ) . Pric * Twopence each . NoL ( thisday ) . ttoxTEsrs : —The Xew World , a democratic poem . Ktflts TO TUE People—Why will the Exhibition injure the Shopkeepers ?—A Plot Detected . —Money Jwtes . The llisiuisr of a Democbatjc Movement , compiled from the Journal of a Democrat , ihe Confession of a Demagogue , and tlie iliuutes of a Sj . j .
Ad00416
So . XVIil . of the Xew Series of " TIE ffATMAL USTRUCTOE . " Is now ready . Contents of So . XT 1 I 1 . 1 . The Suovf Storai . 2 . Deal and its Boatmen . 3 . XatiOE . il Evils : their Causes and Remedies Moaey—the Currency Question . 4 . Topics of the Day . 5 . Legal Obstructions to Co-operation . 6 . Sew Books . —The Emperor of Austria daring its Revolutionary Crisis . 7 . Record of Social Progress . The 2 f umbers and Parts of the First Series cf the jTatioiial Instructor that were out of print , have now 6 eea reprinted , aad may be had ou application .
Ad00417
KATIOXAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . Office , li , Southampton-street , Strand . IP HE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE J . herehyannounce the following meetings : — On Sundaj , -May 4 th ; at thri-e o ' clock in the afternoon , the Lambeth locality mil meet at tlie South London Hall , and Mr . Pattinson , the sub-secretary , « ill be in attendance ¦ ± o enrol members . On Sunday evening nest at the Princess Rcval , Civcus street , Marylcbone—Bricklayers' Arum , Tonurldse-strcet , 2 few-road—Crown and Anchor , Cheshire-sweet , fi'acerloo Town . On the same evening at the Rising Sun , Calender-yard , Xong-allcy , a lecture will be delivered . And the Members are requested to meet for business . On the same evening at the Ship , High-street , Wflifechapel , Afr . J . FiuleawiU lecture . Subject : ' England's Scavengers . ' On thesame evening at the City Hall , 26 , Golden-kne , a lecture will be delivered .
Ad00418
TO TAILORS ASD OTHERS . EXHIBITION , 1 S 5 I . 2 u Approbation of Her Majesty Queen Victoria , and JI . 1 UL Prince Albert .
Tne Late 3s A Memoir Which Has Just Been Published Of An American Clergyman, The Author, Who Is The
tne late 3 s a memoir which has just been published of an American clergyman , the author , who is the
Sepnew Or Vr. Uaanmns:, Narrates An Amus...
sepnew or vr . uaanmns :, narrates an amusing incident which took place on boord a steamer . One of the passengers , who bad annoyed his companions by bis theological , peculiarities , suddenly addressed a Canadian gentleman , named B— , Baying , "Pray , Mr . B— -, who do you think wrote tbe JSew Testament f" Mr . B , totally unsuspicious of any trick , and too much of a merchant to appear ignorant , answered promptly , " Doubtless sir , it was Peter . " " And did Peter , think you , Mr . B , write Paul ' si Epistles ? " The Canadian
was dumbfoundered ; but , feeling himself in a marsh , he concluded it best not to go too deep . «« "Why-y-y , " he observed , "by the bye , I think Paul bid live about that time . " "And pray , sir , " eaid the sceptic , " was it Paul or Peter that wrote St . John ' s Gospel ? " Mr . B was a quiet man aud a coward , but force him into a corner , and he would tight with the energy of despair . Turning npon his persecutor , he said calmly , 'Ton speak of the & ew Testament . Mr . S ; St . John ' s Gospel is not in that work . " This was a poser : there was wffT ° V £ * fr- S ¦ but to produce tbe v ^ SSSg" * t 0 * *"" * 3 nd
and ^ m eSKf- ^ «^ y « n influential in the Music Ball , She & W § S « °° 'T held against the recent pSSiSSffi " l ^ S was well filled with fee localEr m" ^ ™ ± lay members of the var ioiirSS ^^ T [ » aad Greaves , Esq ., of Banner Cross A , E 5 ' . * tomacwrdance ^ St S ^^ S ^ S ^^ tta to parliament , were Jmj £ 3 ? j * & **> Cugbob a Btu ^ Ate fishmg for eels * ' said a gentleman to a bor , near Fenwnrf hYm fridge . « Xo , " said the A * L £ 3 ? " ^ ? f *>< - * " " Are yS SS % VU & r faid je toanother . " ffoSaid SJVS wrchlr . "ImMtwgfor what I can catch / ' y
Notice To Subscribers. A Magnificent Ste...
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS . A Magnificent Steel Engraving of the I 8 TERM OF THE CRYSTAL PALACE , Measuring twenty-eight by twelve inches , showing the whole length of the-Transept and body of the Building , for the Great International Exhibition , will be ready to deliver to the Subscribers of the " Northern Star" on Saturday , May 3 rd .
5to Erorrfepoimnttft*
5 To erorrfepoimnttft *
Sorriscnaji.—Mr. J. Sweet Begs To Acknow...
SorriscnAJi . —Mr . J . Sweet begs to acknowledge the receipt of the following sums , viz .: —Fob Wwdlng-ui Fosd . — Charles Saston Gd—Ellen Haughton Gd—George Bullock Gd—Thomas Jennings Cd —George T . iaows ' s List , —Mr . Dawson Is—CrockettSd—Noble 4 d — Mr J . Bull lsGd—Welchman Cd—Britten Is—Godfrey Gd—Gomcraall ls-StmWs Workmen 5 s 7 d—M * . Lemon , City Boot Malters 3 s 2 Jtl—Mr . Mackmam Is—Type Founders , Sharwood ' s —Per Mr . King , sixth collection 4 s Sd—Mr . Philips 2 s—Wheelhouse Gd—Few Friends at Pontifes ' s Shoe-lane , per Murray Is Gd—6 . W . Is—M . Levick Is—Mr . Seville , City Trades of Boot Makers os 7 id —Mr . Heath , Greenwich —Collections Ss 3 d-Mr . Arno ' tt 14 s—Mr . J . Harney 4 s—Alagce Gd . Tnos . BitKEs Declined with thanks .
Dusdee . —The own ts of personal cbai'actcr and capability , referred to by our correspondent , are not suitable matters for newspaper columns . The remedy must be left in the hands of the local committee . J . IUvley . —We must decline inserting the letter . Even if its great length was not an insuperable objection , the fact that it re-opens old sores would be sufficient to exclude it . Let us devote all our energies to the promotion of the good cause . Its pretended friends and veal enemies will , by and bye , be fouud out , without any effort of ours . Cheltenham . — A Friend to Progress complains of the apathy of the old Chartists in this town . Three months ago a locality was formed by a few active Chartists , and a room was taken at 21 , ltegent street , for the accommodation of the members . Y " e trust the veritable Chartif ts of Cheltenham will rally once more and become the friends of progress .
The 101tieih Stab Savchoay, Mait 3, 1s51-
THE 101 TIEIH STAB SAVCHOAY , MAIT 3 , 1 S 51-
May-Day. May-Flay -Was A High Festival W...
MAY-DAY . May-flay -was a high festival with our simple ancestors . The tall Maypole was then garlanded with fresh flowers . The lads aud lasses fooled it merrily on the village green . Out door games and sports supplied a safe aud healthful outlet for the superabundant energy of manhood , and formed part of a hardy and manly education , while the elders looked on ,
enjoyed tho dance and the sports , and seasoned all with the sober gaiety aud pleasant retrospection of age . Such was the cheerful and hearty mode of celebrating the commencement of the merry month of May , in times when there were more holidays in the year than we dare now attempt to reckon , and when people had not forgotten that they laboured to live , and learned that very different lesson that they live to labour .
But the age of utilitarianism succeeded . Political Economy philosophically disclosed the national sinfulness of wasting hours that should be devoted to the creation of wealth , and the augmentation of commerce . Puritanic moralists frowned at the idea of such light hearted merry-making by miserable sinners ; and fashion became too daint y and dandified for such simple and natural relaxations . Then steam and machinery came professedly to multiply products , abridge labour , and increase the wealth and enjoyment of society ; but , somehow or other , they have hitherto woefully diminished the leisure and the power to enjoy it , of the great mass of the people . Holidays to the straggling and toiling millions , have
become" Like angels' visits , few and far between . " May-day was at last abandoned to the chimney-sweep , and to less reputable parties , carefully watched by the new police . It seemed as if Mammon had utterl y crushed the holiday spirit within us as a nation . Not so , however . The instincts of our nature which prompt to relaxation—which make us to feel
that" A thing of beauty is a joy for ever , " though thwarted and suppressed cannot be eradicated . Tlie poetical and the sensuous are as much a part of humanity as tho rational and tho practical , and they will find or make for themselves channels iu any form of civilisation whatever . The phase alone is newthe motive power is ever the same . Thus it is , that even from the very depths of o « r hard matter of fact , pounds , shillings and pence system , there has been evoked a new description of holidavs . The ancient fairs to
which the slow caravans and solitary pilgrims turned their faces in the olden times , were its protot ype ; but the "World ' s Fair in Hyde Park has expanded the idea , and made it appropriate to the age . If any one principle has gained ground more than another of late years , it is that " all men are brethren ; '' and the collection of men of all nations , aud from every quarter of the globe with their handiworks at one view , under one roof , is calculated powerfully to make that principle tangible .
TVc do not pretend to see so much in the way of direct benefit from the Great Exhibition which was inangarated on May-day by Royalty , as onr contemporaries . But reflectively and reactivel y , we can descry in its opening a powerful impetus to this sentiment of the fraternity of nations . In this aspect the conception of such an Exhibition was magnificent , and grandly has it been carried into effect . Kever , perhaps , in history , aid a May-flay sun shine upon such a glorious and overwhelming spectacle as that of Thursday . London aud the Provinces had poured out their myriads—other nations contributed their
tributaries to the mighty tide of humanity which flowed towards the Crystal Palace . All classes were united by one common sentiment and sympathy . The pomp and pageantry of Royal show heightened the rich and glowing display of precious and multiform productions , gathered from all lands and . climes , beneath the transparent roof of an edifice itself the realisation of a fairy tale . Solemn and jubilant music swelled through the long and
symmetrical arcades , decorated by the richest , rarest , and most tasteful productions of human skill and art . The fountains flashed merril y in the sunbeams , and the pale green of tlie yonng leaves glistened under tbe li ght and graceful canopy of crystal , which overspanued the old elms . Amidst such si ghts and sounds the "World ' s Fair' * was right royally inangarated , and one bright May-day , at least , rescued from the dull and plodding prose of modern civilisation .
Butwhy rest satisfied with one ? Why should it not be the precursor of brighter , happier Mar Festivities in future , in which nations may learn more of each other , and the intimacy , now begun , ripen into friendship and mutual co-operatien , beseeming brothers ? The old trusting , loving impulses—the old desire for mutual good will , and for convivial relaxation , which blended squire , pastor ,
yeoman , and peasant together on the village green , and imparted depth and meaning to their simple sports and games—are in us . If our horison has expanded , our means of creating wealth , and producing rare and beautiful things , have increased—our deeds ought to correspond with the enlarged field of action , and the augmented means which are at our command . Let us learn to make labour
healthful and attractive , by surrounding it with the graces and the enjoyments , as well as the reality of life ; and , above all , endeavour to hasten the day when the universal recognition of Human Brotherhood will pat an end io the evil passions , and the waste of hnman labour , which mar onr brightest holidavs at present
The Good Time. Coming. As Wo Anticipated...
THE GOOD TIME . COMING . As wo anticipated , the " small fry " of the Press have followed the Triton , in commenting upon the new phase of Chartism , and it is rather amusing to see how some of them treat tbe subject . The Morning Post , for instance , speaks with contemptuous but dignified condescension of the want of logic , which its hypercritical acumen has . discovered in the
Programme ; and , as a general conclusion , sees no danger whatever in "the ludicrous production , " or indeed any worse result than that " some among the numerous foreigners who are now flocking to our shores , will be rather chagrined at learning that Englishmen , of average calibre of mind , can find something better to do than casting in their lot with Ledrtj Rollin and Mazzini . " From all which it
appears , that the fashionable and ultra-Tory Post has not the slightest fear of the Chartists and . their projects , but , on the contrary , entertains a very thorough and decided contempt for what it styles , "the quantum of intellect and wisdom that is engaged just now on projects for revolutionising our institutions . " As we have no desire to disturb tho lofty and well-bred serenity of Punch ' s " Jenkins , ' ' we shall not attempt to show that his word catching and verbal criticism , by no means so effectually settles the questions at issue , as he imagines . If , indeed , Chartism depended for its success upon the classical and logical acquirements of its advocates , we candidly confess that thev would have little chance with
those who have graduated at the Universities , or mastered Wiiatel y and Mill . But , fortunately for tho world , pedants and pedagogues are not its rulers . Things are more powerful than two ' s , and-though the Chartists , as a body , may not possess the literary polish and mastery of dialectics acquired by those who have undergone a classical training , they have the essentially more valuable power of practically understanding the merits of the subject ; and we buck common sense ,, and a strong feeling of injustice and suffering , against elegant verbiage and dilletante criticism , any day of tho year .
In fact , however , the logic of the Post is as worthless as its political morality . Take a specimen : — On glancing over this queer production , one cannot but be Struck with the extraordinary confusion of ideas that is discernible in it . Thus we find that the first measure to be taken in hand is the " Nationalisation of the land , " which means , it seems , that the State is to take possession of all the land
in the country . The reasonableness and justice of this act of appropriation is deduced in a summary manner from the general proposition that " the land is the natural inheritance of all luaftfed . " Jf this be so , it does not seem a very necessary and palpable consequence , that the State , or any other body , should take possession- of the said land , to tho exclusion of mankind nt large , the rightful heirs thereof .
" The ' only' extraordinary confusion of ideas discernible'' here , is in the critic himself , and not the programme . To us it appears a logical and practical conclusion from the premises—that as the land is the natural inheritance of mankind , the land belonging to each separate nation should be held by the State , as the representative and trustee of tll 0 whole community . Equally notable is the next " mare ' s nest " discovered b y the acute optics of the Pastthat imposing the future taxation of England " on laud and accumulated property will be something like the immense stakes for which Mr . Dick Swivelled , -was wont to play at cribbagc—with himself ! " because the land
itself will already belong to the State . Here again is " a confusion of ideas , " on the part of the critic , who confounds the fee-simple with the usufruct of tlie soil , and the payment of such a portion of the annual product as may be necessary to maintain political and social order . It would , perhaps , be better to call such payments " rent" than "taxation ; " inasmuch as private ownership being abolished by the "Nationalisation of the Land , " the State , as trustee for the community , would receive the only annual imposts upon it , for the general purposes of the nation , whether these have reference to the civil , military , and naval expenditure , or the cost of the education of the people , and the relief of the poor .
While the Post thus sneers at the " scheme propounded by some dozen and a-halfof nameless demagogues , " the Daily News , on the contrary , does " not think tho Times warranted in painting the Chartists so black . Their programme is rather a mild infusion of Socialism . " Even that " mild infusion , " according to the organ of tho Manchester School , " will damage them . " There are no two principles so firmly rooted in the English mind as those of family and property ; . and if we have any fears on the subject they arc merely for the fate of tho preacher or the party that would impugn them .
The misrepresentation and calumny in this sentence is very adroitly insinuated . Chartism , in its nesv aspect , is assumed to ha hostile to the two principles of family and property , when the fact is , that its whole and sole object is to universaiise the possession and enjoyment of both these blessings . By establishing just relations among mankind , the Chartists confidently anticipate that the anarchy and the misery , which necessarily result from our present incongruous , unjust , and imperfect system , will be put an end to . Instead of having a few rich , and many poor ,
they aim at increasing tho sum total of national wealth , by well devised and scientifically combined arrangements ; aud next , they propose to distribute that wealth equitably and beneficially among the people . They wish to give every man a home , a family and property , instead of dooming large masses to a constant struggle with poverty and wretchedness , and depriving hundreds of thousands of outcasts of even a place whereon to lay their heads , or the knowledge , when they rise in the morning , where they are to find a single meal during the day . We retort the accusation
levelled against us . It is not the Chartists , or the Socialists , who are opposed to the principies of family and property , but the combined brigands , who have monopolised the land and the realised wealth of the country , and who hold in veritable slavery the rest of the community ; because the man who comes into existence in a land where the soil , the machinery , the implements of production , the raw material , and the representative of wealth , are all held by individuals , must necessarily become the bond slave of their possessors . His
labour cannot be sot in motion except by their permission . . He must labour at such remuneration as they think fit to award . He must stop labouring when it ceases to be profitable to them , and go into the workhouse , to be subjected to worse than penal diet and discipline ; or if goaded into rebellion against the accursed system which thus enslaves and degrades him , be violates the laws made b y his tyrants for the express purpose of maintaining their supremacy and his subjection—the prison , the hulks , the penal colony , or the scaffold , are ready to punish his temerity .
Gentlemen of the " Manchester School ' . " the masses are sick of a system which , under the names of Religion , Morality , and Social Order , produces such monstrous results as these ; and neither your sneers nor your calumnies will prevent them from trying " To mould a world of other stuff . " But the Daily News professes to see no danger in Socialism . " Our . political institutions , our security , our peace , " are not threatened by it or by the " class which generate it , " but by a class of society at quite the other extreme . "
It is tbe lords of the land ( says the Acws ) that are conspiring against the stability of things and ot ideas amongst us . They it is who are conspiring , socially . as well as politically . And were it possible far likem to succeed in grasping the power ,
The Good Time. Coming. As Wo Anticipated...
and riversine the policy of the country , and limitin g the 8 u' ? nJy of the people ' s food , as well as of niralvsine-the capabilities for giving employment ^ JScheVp food g ives to capital and industry , then , indeed , one might fear tbe rUs ofantt-social and subversive doctrines . Then , indeed , a theory or a religion very like Communism might arise , not merely in the lower , but in the middle and better rnnk £ ofthe commercial classes , which would ask by what right a ' class inimical to them was allowed to monopolise legislative power , and to convert it to the swelling of their poor fortunes .
"We thank thee , Jew , for teaching ns these words . " By what right , wo repeat , in the name of the industrial millions of this country , have the landed , the manufacturing , and the monied classes , all of them " inimical " to labour , because all of them are interested in buying it at the cheapest price , been " allowed to monopolise legislative power , and convert it to the swelling of their private fortunes ? " Have you , gentlemen of the Manchester School , shown any earnest or consistent desire to do away with that cardinal injustice , and to enfranchise the millions , from whose toil , landlords , milllords , moneylords , and
commercial classes all grow rich ? You know you have not ; and while that is tho case , you shall not be allowed to do as the Daily News tries to do , namely , to make use of the labouring classes , as bugbears to frighten the landlords and fanners . The day has gone by when the people of this country could be used as the blind aud insensate tools of either faction . Though the Post may sneer at the logic , and the Daily News defame the principle , a new philosophy of Man and Society has taken deep root among the thinking aud toiling masses of Great Britain—a philosophy adverse to the domination of either landlord or cotton lord . If these two adverse factions like to
wage war upon each other , let them do so ; but they shall have no help from US . On the contrary , we should like to see them realise the story of the Kilkenny Cats , and devour each other , " tails and all . " The Daily News quite mistakes tho causes which produce Socialism , and is as far wrong when it imagines , that anything either the squires or the manufacturers may do , with
the view of propping up the present unjust system , will prevent it from spreading in connexion with the demand for political rights . We may observe , that on the question of the suffrage the organ of the Cottonocracy is as unsatisfactory as it is upon social questions . Even the Whig Globe has clearer perceptions of the real points at issue , which it puts in the following vigorous aud nnmistakeable
manner : — There is » o good in concealing that , rightly or wrongly exclusion from the franchise is looked agon as a wrong and an injustice in a totally different sense from that attached to the non-possession of property , the liability to endure taxation , or any other hardship that presses with peculiar severity on the poorer class . It may not be a reasonable feeling , but of its existence we have no more doubt than of our own . It is a grievance in much the same sense as the exclusion of Jews from Parliament is a grievance . Baron Rothschild , no doubt , already exercises a direct weight in European
politics , to which a seat [ in Parliament can bring very alight addition . But it has been made a point of honour to deny him this trifling distinction , and no one can be surprised at the tenacity with which he and his co-religionists cling to their demand for it . We may add that no small alterations , no chipping and chopping ot household suffrage , can be looked on as anything but temporary ; and that the period may not be far distant when ouv wisest politicians will , hold the same language on tbe suffrage which Lord John Itussell bold on the corn laws , and de . termine to get rid of the question once for all , by making up their minds to concede everything .
This is so excellent , and ae hopeful , that we cannot do better than allow it to conclude for the present our selections from the critismon Chartism , and the late Chartist Convention . Onwakd and We CoNQran . '
The Bull Fllogr Concert At Drtjry Lane. ...
THE BULL FllOGr CONCERT AT DRTJRY LANE . American travellers tell us , with great gusto , of tho very singular enjoyment they derive from the croaking of largo numbers of frogs in swamps at certain hours of tlie night . They are called , we believe , " bullfrog concerts . '' London has just had oneof these concerts on a large scale . The theatre being , however , not n . swamp , \ mt the old house in Drury Lane . On Tuesday last its capacious direieusiona were filled to overflowing by what Cobbett used to call " buU-fvogs " —jolly looking , big hurley farmers—who came
to play chorus to the landlord croakers , who filled , the stage , aud took up the solos of tho concert . Even Drury Lane was not large enough . A supplemental assemblage filled St . Martin ' s Hall , where the same pieces were performed by a different , but sympathising company of croakers . Certainly we must say , that for a set of ruined and desperate men , we never saw a heartier , jollier , or more comfortablc looking lot of " miserable sinners , " and judging from tho ring of their stentorian cheers , we should say they were as yet
exceedingly Bound , both iu mind and limb . However , even bears can consume all their accumulated fat in tho course of time ; and if the farmers find that they have been engaged in that digestive process for tho last two or three years , we do not wonder that they should look forward with alarm to the approaching exhaustion of the supply . The question is , whether they are ri ght as to the cause of their present aud prospective position , and whether the remedy they clamour for would give them the relief they anticipate ?
With respect to the first question , there can be no doubt but the removal of protection necessarily exposed them to an open competition with tho corn growers of other countries , the inevitable effect of which was to reduce prices . It is also certain , that as long as that competition exists , tlie prices of agricultural produce will bo permanentl y depressed , But , Ereo Trade is not tho only cause of agricultural distress , nor is it unattended by compensating results , even to the owners and occupiers of land . During the most palmy days of Protection , British agriculture made periodical complaints of general distress and impending
ruin . Parliamentary Committees and Commissioners were appointed to examine into and report on these allegations , and . numerons blue books were' compiled on the subject . Now the distress was attributed to one cause , anon to another ; but the fact is certain , that agriculture under Protection was Subject to great fluctuation and severe pressure ; and the inference logically deducible from that fact is , that if Protection was restored it would not prevent such fluctuation and distress in future . The agricultural interest , we conclude , therefore , bave mistaken both the real cause , and the effective remedy for the evils of which they complain .
It is of the utmost importance that they should be speedily set right upon both points , because it cannot be for the benefit of any class of tho communit y , that so large and so important a section of the people should remain in a distressed or discontented condition . There is a way out of their difficulties , hut it is not that they are now pursuing . They must cast in their lot with the nation , instead of arraying themselves as a separate and
exclusive class . . That policy may suit the aristotocratic " owners of land , " hut most certainly can never benefit the "occupiers . " Their interests are identified with those of tho producers of wealth in all departments . The system which leaves them the largest amount of the products of their own labour , skill , and capital , must be the beat for them , no matter under what form of Grovemmenfypr by what name it may be called .
The so-called " agricultural interest" appears to have yet to learn this lesson , and at present make common cause withthelandlords , whose essential interest , as a class , is to nse them as sponges , out of which they may squeeze the greatest amount of wealth annu-
The Bull Fllogr Concert At Drtjry Lane. ...
ally , in the name of rent . It is only by the introduction of a totall y different tenure of the soil that permanent securit y aud a fair and just return for the toil of the cultivator can be ensured . That such objects have never entered the contemplation of tho landlord class , is evident enough , from the whole tone of the speeches on Tuesday last . The question was treated as one exclusively between the manufacturers and the landlords , for the mention occasionally of the farmers , artizans , and labourers , was merely ad captandum . The
Duke of Richmond , who presided , distinctly pointed out the enemy they were prepared to fight against , when he said , " permit me to say to tho first cotton spinners of the land , that at the head of the tenant farmers of England , with their hearty and honest labourers following in their wake , I care not for a conflict with one hundred thousand of our opponents . ( Loud cheers . ) " The tone of other speakers was equally warlike , aud proved that the speakers would not hesitate to shed blood to recover their lost supremacy . But when the Duke of Richmond assumes that
the "honest labourers , " and " the respectable operatives in the manufacturing districts , " would fight with him for the restoration of the Corn Laws , for the benefit of his class , he is quite mistaken . Dislike of tbe pestilent and grinding " economy" of " the Manchester School , " by no means implies love of Protection . The labouring classes have had sufficient experience of both kinds e ! taskmasters to know that they are used merely as instruments for creating wealth for both . Their rights , their interests , their enjoyments , are tho last
things that enter into the contemplation of either . Both aro equally hostile to the political enfranchisement of the masses , which would make them a veritable power in the State , enable them to protect themselves , and to take a share in the management of their own affairs . At the Drury-lane Meeting the enact ment of the People ' s Charter was alluded to as even a worse calamity than Free Trade , which , it was alleged , had robbed the agricultural interest of « £ 90 , 000 , 000 sterling in the course of one year . The usual cant about a revolutionary spirit and revolutionary excesses [
was indulged in , by wen who , at the same time , appealed to the worst passions of their hearers , and who would not hesitate to shed blood wholesale , in order to restore the unjust and nationally injurious predominance of a territorial aristocracy . The Earl of Wr . v-CUELSEA called upon every man who possessed the Parliamentary franchise to exercise it b y returning men to Parliament who wore in favour of Protection ; while the Chairman and other speakers said the labourers were and operatives in favour of Protection . If so , why refuse them the franchise ? Is " Protection" "
revolutionary ? " If not , the " most noble and right hen . " patrons of the Morning Post are as illog ical as it alleges tho Chartists arc ; for , certainly in this respect , there is no coherence between premise and conclusion . We see , without alarm , the impending collision between the agricultural and the manufacturing monopolists . WIlOH rogues fall out—you know the rest , What we earnestly advise the people is to take part with neither . If their assistance is implored
let it bo granted upon one condition only—Manhood Suffrage with such provisions for the exercise of tho franchise as may make the representation of the people a reality , aud not a mockery . The party which refuses to concede , or which offers active opposition to that demand , may protest and profess what they please ; but they are not prepared to do justice to tbo industrial classes of Grreat Britain and Ireland , and ought , therefore , to receive no support from thenu
Mx W&Ittltiv Fhtvror,
mx W & ittltiv fHtvror ,
Domestic. Parliament Has Settled To Its ...
DOMESTIC . Parliament has settled to its work grudgiugly since the holidays . Members have not yet got into harness again , and the disposition to play truant has naturally been fostered by * the holiday aspect of affairs out of doors . A brief and bootless debate on the second reading of the Income Tax Bill , was the sole fruit of the first sitting . The second was limited to the reception of a bill-for supplying the metropolis with water , on which we shall have to say a few words by and bye , but was counted out on Mr . Ewart ' s motion for abolishing the hangman , at an early hour . On Wednesday the principal business was
tho issuing of a proclamation and reward for the apprehension of the absconded witnesses in the St . Alban ' s case , and the hypocritical bill for suppressing Sunday trading . The opponents of that measure succeeded in staving oft' the committee for another fortnight—symptomatic we hope of its final rejection . Sorely grumbling , members were compelled to attend on Thursday night on that worn out and threadbare topic , the admission of Jews into Parliament ; and that , up to tho moment of writing , constitutes the doings of tho week , so far as Parliament is concerned , for the Lords merely met pro / ormafos -a few minutes on Thursday .
As to other news , the Great Exhibition has so absorbed public attention , that all interest for the present is merged iu that subject , and the gossip of the newspapers has reference to scarcely anything else . Tho Protectionist demonstration we have noticed separately . In Ireland a great demonstration of Roman Catholics was held in the Rotunda , Dublin , for tho purpose of protesting against the hill respecting Ecclesiastical Titles and Religious Houses , at which a very strong feeling of hostility to the Ministry was exhibited . The return of Sergeant Murphy , for Cork , with his very modified opinions on these questions , however , indicate that Ministers may be able , by careful steering , to carry their small mea-^ aI „ w % st ^^ V »» -U * l . 0 IUU >< * . * wv *
sure . foreign . The Foreign news contain no salient points . for comment . In France , an exciting proclamation has been issued ostensibly by a " Committee of Resistance , " calling upon the people to rise in arms , and exterminate by force of arms the reactionary factions . The belief is , that the document is the production of Buo-IMPAHTISTS , who want , above all things , to hurry the . defenders of the Republic into an illegal position . In this we trust the conspirators will be disappointed—that the Republicans will keep their present vantage ground , and force their opponents to strike the first blow .
Matters are not materiall y different in any of the Austrian , Germanic , or Italian States ; and from the Colonies we have no news of importance .
Caitssderers' Strike In Glasgow. —Some I...
Caitssderers' Strike in Glasgow . —Some inconvenience has been experienced by merchants and manufacturers this week , by the Strike which-has taken place amongst the operative calenderers and tappers , who , to tho number of about 800 , have been out since Thursday week . Their demand from their employers is , that fifty-eight hours a week , with no over-hours , as in factories , shall be the term of labour , viz ., ten hours a day , or from six m the morning till six at night , with two hours for meals , and till three o ' clock on Saturday .-In the associated bod y there are nearly LOW men and boys , of whom about 800 have taken part in the movement ; and although the funds of the union
are but small , some support has been offered by otlier trades , and also by the association of tappers in Manchester , who have had a delegate in attendance at the several meetings during the week . A few of the manufacturing houses employing such hands have acceeded to the demand made , but generally the feeling of the masters is quite hostile to the movement both in its spirit and intention . Mr . Sekoeakt Shbk is cousin * to Cardinal Wiseman , and his confidential agent for matters concerning the Roman church in Ireland . As the accredited representative of the " Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster , ' - ' he sat in the Synod of Taurles where no other layman was admitted .
Caitssderers' Strike In Glasgow. —Some I...
MONIES RE 0 EI ¥ EQ ^ FOK THE Wkek Biiwto T ; , n „ MAVlsr , 1851 ., Bto * . For TODlSfi-DP OF THE L 48 B Cfc . BBoavro w w . bioeb , V ^ Ut \ S . Eagle , Dartford < . Nottingham , per J . Sweet " • n '\ ' Swindon , per H . Hornshy . ' 0 \ s
. 4 $ NATIONAL CHARTER rUMn ncccived by Jons Ab : jdtt . _ Banff ™ - « "' -Plymouth , per A . W . Blockl ^ r fe ^ P £ J - k , cliffe locality , per 3 . Hatthiw 7 s-Fri ™? i e , IOlu « « Mi Ss-II . Ellis and Frtauta . KotuUnm . "' *«* 2 aS Waterloo , Blyth , per J . Uohi « , " n " a ' 7 '; S * £ > Grimsby 2 s Gd-Dundee , per J . GrSnVTfi CV the Phoenix Tavern . Ratcliift-cross U eti ^ klwCK . ls .-Total £ 2 Gs Did . 5 ° ' J If , jf * CONVENTI ON FUNr , ^ Received by John AjxoTr . -Glvmw „ -Bann- perW . Q . \ 60 % ^/ . Jf , „ per J . Twaits Is Cl-A IVfcr ,, uto V ** ^ n ^ 1 to— . Bunttn , ditto Gd-W jJem 11 "« ' > per Ernest Jones 10 s . ~ Total £ i jV ' ltto M- ~ W > FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POn „ Cp ' " ' Received by Jon * AHNOTT . ~ l > . if . « . ? EF UGEfc chffe-cross llaGd-Mr . R . M 00 ™ nil" \ - * e \ n 0 n ,, ' G . J . Harney 4 S . _ Total 18 s ' Bloom * ui ' y i $ &
The Labour Question Mr. Kydd Gave His Se...
THE LABOUR QUESTION Mr . Kydd gave his second lecture n „ , . mating question on Monday evcil ! ° " ^ ink Institution CoirgcMtveet , Citv-Sd "? Br't ' " menced by demonstrating the fait-L . V > < % "buy in the cheapest an ? , « n f tlle d « 0 i ! market . " Sho wing ^ nii"tSL / f , tllc «« 5 yet thrilling natureTthat tg ^ fe ^ nessui production , and toanLJL - : il ^& in the hands of a bJ 2 f'f ' » f 4 the working man was buffl ^ ' ° ^ * I degradation . Such a thK-T , or «> M Radical sense of tho nv 7 ^^ 7 cneo in * ricd out . All tlW relailoBro ? fr , bl 0 to ,, c ^ were mutually depcnuent ° ! « f ^* « wofl it was m the moral , sochl , ' f , ' aD' ) - ' Tluimnhiald ^ enaMU ^ lC f * . ?* carried rat -where the interests of 7 n » ^ % together , and mutuall y " ^ " f ^* ?«»^ then went into a coMfocrwion of ' tho « j ,,- ami : of home and foreign trade ttr ? ' * only an evil , from the manner in vffZT F tion . and distribution of v ? ea \ t \ i « iV * * Every working man would willing WiS two coats , two pair of shoes , and rot V t ? 1 instead of one , if his means allowed u , Jf ' then , was the overproduction ? Why W 1 ' - . n jv viceaim
misery , , QOgraOatlOn CUllutwU < V because the laws necessary for the rc « uhtW v labour were either misunderstood , or wilfulI I lected . Labour was the source of wealth Tl was no peculiar connexion between ' Laiiour S capital , no link that , bound them together ^ a iron one of necessity . The labour of the work ^ men was their private property . Thev sold H i , § man . They only rented it out . It » hind tS same as any otlier description of properly if railroad ran through an estate the proprietor ^ ccived compensation , but if labour was superb
no compensation was deemed due to the hoW They were told that the interests of societv ^ consulted , instead of individual interest . ThattW interests of the few must bo sacrificed to the nlfal of many , lie denied the truth of this . It wasaiw just , unholy , and an immoral assertion . They w e- » told that tin ' s was a settled question , if {{ W , V they , the working men , had no voice in its settle ' ment , and it must and should be rc-oucned * iwii
labour was justly regulated . Political economic were in favour of restricting and rcsjulfltintr mA tion , when they imagined it was or would be in junous to the welfare of society . If ikk t | octria » was correct , why did they not restrict and venhrti machinery when it pressed upon the interests of tho working men . John Stuart Mill , a great authority with the economists , asserted that machinery hnj never , from its invention until the present hour lightened the toil of a single human being , Thev might say that his doctrine would lead to a simp ] , , system of exchange between the inhabit ™*
of this land . He had no objection to interchange with foreign lands their surplus productions , hut ho denied that they should setti away tho productions of the labour of this \ mi whilst its artisans were destitute from ; i nceii of these articles , Free Trade , as now carried out , meant that every man should cheat his fellow wanthat all should live by tbe robbcrv of each other It was , in fact , one universal scramble . No mm , no tradesman , could afford to bo honest—thev were , perhaps , as honest as the system allowed tiiem to be . Working men wore themselves dishonest ; every man worked as much as he could ,
well-bowing , nfc the same time , that the more titer vetiti tbe less work wits tlwro far their neighbour , and thus they sacrificed themselves to fancied present gain , emiing wholly in the benefit of the capitalist . Cobdea and Bright refused protection to the ill . used journeymen bakers , because it was opposed ia their book of political economy . They W ; eni « asserted that , if they protected the bafc ' ers , evcrj other trade would be applying for similar protection . Of course they would ; and Parliament was useless , unless it coukl afford protection to even- class in society . The lecturer then gave a quotation from the celebrated William Pitt , show ins that , unless
Parliament could afford that protection to th » workmen of this country , which must ultimatel y he forced upon them , Parliament was useless , Mil must bo superseded by a system that could give them that protection . lie saw in Free Trade nothing but serfdom and misery ; and , therefore , he was opposed to it , and in favour of a system of regulation . For fifteen years he had been an opponent of this system of free action , and every sueceeding year only showed him its injustice . ' Tho working classes were not as many amr ' . eil , in favour of Free Trade , when properly explained to them . They needed a system of trade rpffulafftl
internally and internationally . Many \ mons ivci ' t fond of dwelling upon the future projects of the working men of this country , lie , too , had hia speculations upon this subject . He had no doubt that tbey would ultimately attain universal suffrage ; and he equally believed , that the first act d a People ' s x ' ariiimicnt would be to abolish tha falsely called Free Trade system , and substitute t system founded upon the harmony and regulation to bo found in all the results of creation . He then gave a most elaborate resume - of tho stibjeeC matter
of the two lectures , dwelt in terms of thriilinj eloquence upon the Great Exhibition as the climax of the Free Trade system , and concluded niniil such a tumultuous degree of applause as is seldom seen at meetings of this description . Mr . Dttui'ORCB was then called to the chair , and Mr . A . Campbku . and other . * , moved n series of resolutions deprecatory of the system of Free Trade and unlimited competition ; also n , resolutiony «* posing the formation of a-Lcague for the protection of labour .
Mubdiai Seau Tncno.—A Frightful Murder R...
MuBDiai seau Tncno . —A frightful murder rati committed on Saturday last , at Silver-well , neif tho Chiverton Arms , on the road between Trors and St . Agnes , and about five miles from the ( omit place . Tho murdered man , William Kendall , occupied a small farm , and lived in the house «' ¦ & his wifc . alone . Titis was his second wife , to if *"" he had boon married about four years . Her iormV name was Teague , and she had a son by her firss husband , called Elijah Teague , and now about seventeen years of ago . This son lived with lis mother and Mr . Kendall until January last , when to went to lodge at a neighbouring bouse with 1 W Grose ; but he still occasionally worked on the firfl for his father-in-law , who was about sc venty-t ™ years of age . His father-in-law had on Satwwy last ridden to Chacowater . and the vounff m « ff ?
on that day working on the farm , emp loyed m threshing and boiling turnips . Ills fatlicN" *' ' was nevermore scon alive ; but was discovered o » Sunday morning dead in his house , sitting m » chair in the parlour . There was a large wound o « r the centre of his forhead , of an irregular ovaiPgtt " ; the bones were broken in , svnd tbe sur geon . wm was called inserted his finger on the right side w tho depth of nearly an inch . Sixty-one jm « m » bone were extracted , and the fissures were om «« an inch and a quarter below the surface w" "' Bknll . A hammer was found on the garden w and this hammer fitted into tlie wound J » l » . man ' sforehead . A white hair was found MtM "\ to the end of the hammer , and the surgeon , »'
microscopical examination , believes it io ' ' human hair , and that in all probability it «»* ° from the deceased ' s eyebrow . An isq'ic ^ « been held on the body , before Mr . John WW "; county coroner . The inquiry commenced on * day , at eleven o ' clock , was continued on ^ f jj and did not terminate until hxtfi < " i % \ i night . The result was , that a verdict of " , murder" was returned against deceased s : so - law , Elijah Teague , who was apprehended "" (> the cot-oner ' s warrant , and has been comnJiK the county gaol at Bodmin to take bis trial <" next assizes . There does not appear in t neC * . j j 0 f anything to show a motive for the comnii" ' the act , but it is stated-in tho aefehbooAooa i there were frequent disagreements bot \ vocn i »* ceased and his son-in-law . , v „; , uh Tnrn no *!!„„ , ! . . »„« . » in the I > f " ,
, „ West indies-the Morning Journal , in Jamaica . * , the Wed Indian , in Barbndow-are ^ JL edited by gentlemen of colour . The pwP " jjj and editors of these journals are , moreover . ^ tinguished members of the leg islatures ot ' respective colonies . „ . _ m h 3 s Pbom 1800 to 1850 the sum of J £ M ^» 0 fc 00 O n * been subscribed towards the funds of the vai ™ missionary societies in this country ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 3, 1851, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_03051851/page/4/
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