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be nullities in Parliamentuntil they can...
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BRITISH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LAND' AND BUILDING SOCIETY. Cn so Advance vour Bent is Saved,—you become your owu land and Householder.
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! RECEIPTS OF THE RATIONAL LAND COMPANY,
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>r r m ^rr,a a y* flAh>T ot inser . t lm...
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MR. GEORGE HENRY ' SMITH, AND THE KIRKDA...
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•PO-BTRAIT OF KOSSUTH, THEHUMAEM CHIEFTA...
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THE lOlTHEBI STAR SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1849.
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A NEW EL DORADO. Almost at our own doors...
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PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. After sitting prec...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Be Nullities In Parliamentuntil They Can...
¦ ¦ - ' "¦ ¦ * ¦ « .. August 4 ,. 18 . 49 . A THK NORTTTttRN STAR . ; v : 4 ; . - __ - — ___ " ¦ can 1 such conduct
British Empire Freehold Land' And Building Society. Cn So Advance Vour Bent Is Saved,—You Become Your Owu Land And Householder.
BRITISH EMPIRE FREEHOLD LAND' AND BUILDING SOCIETY . Cn so Advance vour Bent is Saved , —you become your owu land and Householder .
Ad00411
flKTOIU . —l . O . , - * , M .. . « , JiSQ ., 3 & . V . a . a . UABBELL , BSd ., Ja .. U . O . ASSAMD , . ESQ ., H . V Banters . —The ConKEcrcial IJauk of London ( Branch ) , C , Henrietta Street , Covent Garden . London Of . ce . —No . 13 , Totteahaai Court , XewRoad , St Paneras , Xondon . —Djmel AA ' illiam Hnrar , Secretary . Abeaxced IS Tubee Sicnoxs . Value of Shares and Payments for Investors . Full Share .. .. £ W 0—payment of 2 s . od . $ Week , or 10 s . Cd . per Month . HalfShare .. .. CO - 1 21 — 5 3 — Quarter Share .. .. 30 — 0 74 — 2 S Applicants are requested to state in their form the Section they desire to be a Member of . 5 b SOEVEIOfis ' , Soucitohs ' , cv IIedempiio . v ¥ PFi . —The present Entrance Pee , including- Certificate , Rules . < tc „ is ig , per Share , and 2 s . 6 i for any part of a Share , l ' rice of Hules , including Postage , is . OBJECTS , lat—To enaMe members to build Dwelling Houses . 5 th . —To jpve to Depositing Members a higher rate of In-2 nd .-To afford the means of purchasing both Freehold ^ f ^ J ^ ded by ordinary modes of investment , and Leasehold Properties or Land . ^ -r , ' —To enaole Parents to make Endowments for their -Jri-To advance Mortgages on Property held by £ ^ £ n £ n « "b ^ s «» their AHves , or for Marriage members . ,. 7 th .-To purchaseia piece of Freeh old Lantl of sufficient 4 th . —To enable Mortgagors being membtrs to redeem value to give a legal title to a County Vote for Members of beir Mortgages . Parliament Sucnox L—By joining this section every person in town or country can become the proprietor of a House and land in his own neighbourhood , without being removed from his fhends , connexions , or the present means himself and family may have of gaining a Uvelihood . Scenes It—To raise a capital by shares to purchase Estates , erect Dwellings thereon , and divide the Land into allotments from half-an-acre upwards , in or near the towns of the various branches of the society . The property to be the IrmajUle freehold ofthe member after a term of years , from the date of location , according ' o his subscriptions . Suction 11 L—Saving or Deposit section , in Avliich members not wishing to purchase are enabled to invest smaU sums , receiving interest at the rate of five per cent per annum , on every sum of 10 s . and upwards so deposited . XB . — £ 503 wUi be advanced to the members of the first Section in November next , -when aU persons who have and may become members for Shares , or parts of Shaves , on ov before the 4 th of November nest , and who pay six months ' subscriptions in advance , er otherwise , win be eligible / or an advance ,
Ad00412
ALSO , qiHE UNITED PATRIOTS' AND PATRIARCHS' BENEFIT SOCIETIES . A . Enrolled pursuant to Act of Parliament Thus securing to its members the protection of the law for their funds and property . Legalised to extend over the United Kingdom , with the privilege of appointing Medical Attendants , Agents , Ac An opportunity is now oiFcred to healthy persons , up to Forty Years of Age , of joining these flourishing Institutions in town or country . Ito-Mwr Office , —13 , Tottenham Court , IfewBoad , St Paneras ( thirteenth house eastward from Tottenham Court-road ) . Disia WmaAM Kufft , Secretary . Patrons . —T . S . Ddxcombe , Esq ., M . P . T . Waklet , Esq ., MP . B . B . Cabbeix , Esq ., M . P . F . O'Gosxoa , Esq ., JLP . L . J . Haxsabd , Esq . In the Short space of ¥ ive years these societies have paid the following benefits to their members . ; - STUOUBI OF BLA 1 MS . £ S . d . Sickness and Superannuation .. .. ,, ,, 3 , 486 14 7 Accom-hments .. .. ,. ,, „ 1 , 003 0 0 Funerals " .. .. .. .. ,. ... 901 4 9 LossbyFire .. .. .: ., ., 55 2 0 £ 5 , 449 H ;¦ ' Present Capital funded in the Bank of England .. - .. £ 2 , 136 1 ° 5 These Societies are ia six divisions or sections , for the Members to receive the following Benefits according to their Subscriptions- — Fibst Division . Fodkth Dmsroy . - ¦'¦ - -. ¦ Kntranca according to age , from 5 s . to 10 s . Monthly Con- Entrance , according to age , from 3 s . Gd . to 8 s . 6 d . tributious for Sickness aud Management , 2 s . 7 d- Monthly Contribution ~ lor Sickness and Management ' . Is . 4 d , £ S . d . Allowance , in Sickness , per tveek .. .. 018 0 , £ s . d . Member ' s Funeral .. .. .. .. 20 0 0 : Allowance in Sickness , per week .. .. 0 9 0 Ditto Wife's or Nominee ' s ditto .. ... 10 0 0 : Member ' s Funeral .. .. " .. .. 10 0 0 We ' sLying-in .. •• »' 2 0 0 Member ' s Wife or Nominee ' s ditto .. .. 500 XossbyFh « . from .. -- £ 5 0 0 to 20 0 0 Wife ' s Lying in ... .. .. .. I 0 0 Superannnation , per week .. .. .. 0 C 0 ^ Loss by Fire , from .. ' .. £ 5 0 0 to 10 0 0 Secosd Bivisios . Superannuation , per week .. .. .. 040 Entrance , according to age , from 4 s . 6 d \ , to 9 s . Cd . Fifth Division . Monthly Contribution for Sickness and Management , Entrance , according to age , from 3 s . to 8 s . Monthly Con--S . In . trlbutSon for Sickness and Management , lSi Id . Allowance in Sickness , per Aveek .. .. 0 15 0 Allowance in Sickness , per week .. .. 0 7 0 Member ' s Funeral .. .. .. .. WOO Member ' s Funeral .. .. 600 Ditto Wife ' s or Nominee ' s ditto .. .. 8 0 0 Ditto Wife ' s or Nominee's ditto .. , 300 Vue ' sLsing-in 115 0 Wife ' s Lying-in 015 0 loss hy Fire , from .. .. £ 5 0 0 to 15 0 0 LossbyFire .. .. .. ? .. . 500 Superannuation , per week .. .. .. 0 5 0 Superannuation , per week .. .. " ! 0 4 0 TmuD Division . Sixth Division . Entrance , according ; to age , from 4 s . to 3 s . Monthly Con- Entrance Money .. .. .. . 0 3 0 trimitionforSickncssandManagement , ls , Td . Monthly Contribution .. .. [ . o 1 0 AUowance in Sickness , per week .. .. Oil 0 Allowance in Sickness 77 " .. .. 0 7 0 Member ' s Funeral .. .. .. .. 12 0 0 Member ' s Funeral .. .. .. 2 10 0 Ditto Wife ' s or Nominee ' s ditto .. .. 6 0 0 No Levies 5 n this Division . "Wife ' s Lying-in .. .. .. .. 110 0 Xoss by Fire , from .. .. £ 5 0 0 to 10 0 0 Levies according to the demands on each division per Superannuation , per week .. .. .. 040 quarter . N . B .-The difference in the two Societies is , the Patriots have an Accoachment benefit , the Patriarchs have not that benefit , therefore do net pay lenesrorjt . gaf * Applications for Agencies requested from all parts ofthe coun try ; information for appointment of Ag & cies can he obtained by letter , enclosing a postage stamp . Blank forms and information for the admission of country members can be obtained bv letter , prepaid , enclosinc three postage stamps , to Djxiel AVit . t . mm ttcrrr , General Secretary . 18 , Tottenham Court . New Road . st . ta ™
Ad00413
GOLDEN HAT MART . A Good and Fashionable Hat is of the utmost importance as regards Personal A ppearance . THE PUBLIC WILL DO WELL TO VISIT ECKERSLEY ' S CELEBRATED HAT MART , Where they may be suited in every respect both as to Price and Quality , AT ECKEItSLEVS , -25 , CSOWX-STHEE T , HALIFAX . Obseeve !—The Large Golden Hat over the door .
Ad00414
HUNGARY AND THE COSSACKS I ¦ gar EvEnr person atishixg to usdeestaxd the ORIOIS OF THE MHH 1 TT . HDSOAuIAS STRUGGLE , SHOULD HEAD 3 ? 0 . IU . OF THE " DEMOCBATIC nZVIEAV . " SOW READY \ mil THE MAGAZINES FOR AUGUSr , Ko . lH . of THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , DISTORT and LrtBUATORE . Edited hy G . 3 DLIAN HARNEY .
Ad00416
KUPTUaSS EFFECTUALLY CORED "WrTHOnT ATRCSS :: i D li . CtOTHREY Laving been eminentl y successful in the cure of ruptures , now offers his remedy to the public In every case of rupture , however decperate or long standing , a cure is guaranteed without the tise of any truss whatever . It- is easy and simple in use , perfectly painless , and especially applicable to both B 6 K 5 of all ages . Sent free on receipt of 6 a ., by Post Office order or stamps , hy Dr . Hesby Guiheey , 6 , Amptonwreet , Graj ' s-inn-road , London . At home daily , Ten till One . "" ¦ D L ? l ^ a l f , red tes & no , dal 5 ft « all the most emi-X itL . t ^^ ' F ^ a 8 15 ™ 11 hundreds of patients who Have been cared ; and his discovery beino- n « 5 nt thp t ^ -JS ^™ « SSLt 3 r ^ 2 ffl 5
Ad00417
OS" SALE , - A FOWt-ACRE PAID-UP SHARE . - * - * - . Terms reasonable . Applications , Post paid , to be addressed » .-, v ,. n t > - * t , ess ? " ** * w ^ fis & a & £ 3
Ad00418
VHE REAL . CAUSES OF THE L Poverty and Degradation suffered by'the masses l all European countries is—private property in land ie shutting out ofthe Avorking classes from the advanisesof national credit ; a restricted and usury-breeding irrency ; and the want of an equitable system of exchange mong the wealth producers . Believing these facts , the clectic Cleb , meeting at 72 , Newman-street , earnest !} ivite public attention to the political and social "REFORMER , " Price , One Penny . Published every week by A / ickers , Holywell-street , - Edited by J . }> . O'Beiek , B . A , ; ¦ ho also developes the same views in lectures every Friday vening , at the Institution , John-street , and at 72 , Ne \ ylan-street , on Sunday evenings , at eight o'clock
Ad00419
G OMERS TO . TV 3 F BRANCH OF THE * --5 National Land Company . The shareholders of this branch aie requested to attend a general meeting on Sunday evening , August 5 th , at the Bricklayers' Arms , Tonbridge-street , New-road , on important business .
! Receipts Of The Rational Land Company,
! RECEIPTS OF THE RATIONAL LAND COMPANY ,
Ad00420
. L' . US IT . BE . A . J ^ avLA , * a-UUlKM / AX ; August 2 , 1849 . SHARES . £ s . a , £ s , d . Nottingham .. 0 2 0 C . Mowl ..-. . 0 1 0 Lynn .. 0 12 0 J . Yigurs .. 0 5 0 Rochdale .. 19 8 — Birmingham .. 0 7-3 £ 2 18 11 G , H . Chatwin ,. 0 2 0 nohh MONIES RECEIVED FOR THE | PURCHASE OF MATHON . G . 1 L , Leeds .. WOO P . S ., Leamington . 2410 0 J . B . jParringdon 100 0 0 £ lSi 10 0 TOTALS . Land Fund ... 2 18 11 Expense ditto , „ , 0 10 Mathon ... ... 134 10 0 Loan ditto ... ... ... 0 10 Transfers ... ... ... ... 0 10 £ 137 11 11 iy " . Dxxoy , C . Dotle , T . Clark , Cor . See . P . M'Giuih , Fin r Sec .
Ad00415
TOE CHEAPEST WIUOS EVER PUBLISHED . Price Is , 6 d ., A new and elegant edition , -with Steel Plate of the Author , of PAINE'S POLITICAL WORKS . Uow Beady , a 3 Jew Edition of NR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS . \ THE LABOURER MAGAZINE . Vols . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , may- still be had , neatly lunind . price 2 s . 6 < L each 3 b . 4 ,. the Jfumher containing Mr . O'Cosxok ' s Treatise on the National Land Company ;" No . 30 , the one conta 5 nIng"MB . O'Cossob ' s Treatise * On the National Land and Labour Bank connection With the Land Company : "Have lately been reprinted , and may be had on application . Price 6 d . each . - ¦ ' . Imperfections of the ' Labourer Magazine' may still be bad at the Publishers . Just published , Kos . I ., H ., and ill ., Price . ' . --. : SirPESCE Each , of THE GGurfflOHWEALTiL Sold by J . 'Watson , Queen ' s . Head Passage , - Paternoster row , London ; A . Heywood , Oldham-street , Manchesterr and Love and Co .. 5 . Nelson-street . Glasgow . And hy all Booksellers in Town and Country .
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>R R M ^Rr,A A Y* Flah>T Ot Inser . T Lm...
> r r m ^ rr , a a y * flAh > T inser . lmr address until we ^ KEE ^ EriS ^ , ^ v subscriptions by the xr ^^ f 5 ^ S * £ S 5 to > committee at Stock-Mb . Mathias Scbagg , secrerarj wv . ™ . . .. _ . port , has received one shilling from »• morris , oflmtmstle for Mr . John West . e „ . J . Sacknowledges tt . Dreceipt of the ^^ S sent herewith , viz . :-Foe the Victim Fom . -liomMr . Burrin , IsCd ; Mr . Richardson , 6 d ; Mr .-Brown , »>•? » ln 0 Colonel Hutchinson , 3 s . Foe Macvamaba ' s De » 3 ce Fd . vd . — Mr . R . Hawksley , Cd ; Two Friends , Is ; Mr . Chipindalc , 6 d . Pon CufpAY ASB Others . —From the Colonel Hutchinson , 5 s ; King of the French , 7 d ; Yictoria Tavern New Lenton , 3 s ; Hancliffe Arms , Is ; Seven Stars , 5 sGd ; Eagle Tavern , Is 6 d . TiibKibbdalb CuAitTisTl ' WsOSEfts . —We are very sorry thai press of matter prevented the publication of the ¦ letter of Messrs . Leach , White , Donovan , and West , in laU Saturday ' s Star . It appears in this day ' s paper , in our 7 th
page . iSf- The following letter arrived too late for us to comply with the writer ' s request . We . trust that his colleagues , or , ' at any rate , some of them , will yet follow his sensible course ; better late than never : — "Leae Harney , —Will you oblige me by omitting my name , when you publish the letter of the Manchester Council in the Northern Star , as I cannot , after your judicious remarks in the last number of the Star , conscientiously subscribe to the contents of the before mentioned letter . Hoping you will grant this request . —I remain , yours , ill the cause , Joh . v Jackso . v , secretary . — P . S . For the satisfaction of aU parties , you can make this public through the medium of the Star . J . J . —Heyrod-street , Ancoats .
M . K . HEV . WOOD . —we cannot answer your question , The CosiMUSicATio-vs from Dorking ; R , Brook , Huddersfield ; D . Robinson , Paisley , < tc , must stand over . Chabterviixe , Falkirk , and Bbistol . —It being impossible to find room for . the letters from those places , we have forwarded them to the land Directors , Poetry . —Several poetical contributions have come to hand , for which we cannot find room . We hear that William Wiiispear , one of the victims ofthe "Powell " plot , who was sentenced to two years' imprisonment , has received a free pardon , aud the fine ( £ 10 ) remitted , on his entering into sureties to keep the peace for five years-P . B . Hallett must apply to the clerk . The Editor has nothing to do with the advertis ements .
Mr. George Henry ' Smith, And The Kirkda...
MR . GEORGE HENRY ' SMITH , AND THE KIRKDALE PRISONERS . Last week I handed the letter , of George Henry Ssirrn , which appears in this week ' s "Star , " to the printer for insertion .,. It was set up in type , as was also a letter Tronvth ' e Kirkdale Prisoners , but both were withheld for want of space , and so much were our' . columns pressed upon , that the " Parliamentary Review" for the week did not appear in the First Edition . I state this much for my own
satisfaction , and now I beg to state that I have received a most impertinent letter from Mr . Smith this week , threatening to bring an action for libel against me for the publication of the complaints of ihe Kirkdale Prisoners . My answer to that is , that he may do his best —or rather his worst—and if I had not promised him to publish his reply , and if that reply was not in type , not a word of it should appear . Feargus O'Connor .
•Po-Btrait Of Kossuth, Thehumaem Chiefta...
• PO-BTRAIT OF KOSSUTH , THEHUMAEM CHIEFTAIN . We have succeeded in procuring a life-likeness of the noble Kossuth . It is uoav in course of progress , and specimens , to Avliich a fac simile of the autograph of the Chieftain Avill be attached ; will be in the possession of our Agents on the 18 th inst ,
The Lolthebi Star Saturday, August 4, 1849.
THE lOlTHEBI STAR SATURDAY , AUGUST 4 , 1849 .
A New El Dorado. Almost At Our Own Doors...
A NEW EL DORADO . Almost at our own doors , and within the confines ofthe home empire , a region has been discovered , the wealth of which far exceeds the value of all the gold placers of California . Strangely , too , this almost illimitable wealth has , hitherto , been considered a grievous drawback-from the natural -value of the country in which it is found . Everybody has heard ofthe " bogs" of Ireland . According to the best authorities one-fourth of Ireland is bogand numerous have been the plans for its reclamation from-a state of sterility , all of which have been abandoned on account of the cost and the supposed hopeless nature of the undertaking .
"Wonderful , however , are the . powers , great the virtues , et modern science . These . dreary and valueless wastes have been discovered to contain a great number of articles of the utmost value . B y a cheap and easy chemical process the bog is converted into carbonate of ammonia , soda , vinegar , naptha , candles , camphine oil , common oil , gas , and ashes ! The 0 ' Gorman Mahon threw a new light on the Irish question on Friday se ' nuighfc , when he introduced this subject . It was a welcome relief , even from its novelty , to the oft-repeated platitudes , empty declamations , impracticable suggestions , and querulous complaints which usually go to make up an Irish debate . It is , indeed , quite a novelty , and a high treat at the same time , to find the House of Commons considering practical business .
Apparently aware that the scepticism of ignorance is not easily removed , and that nothing short of ocular proof will serve the purpose with the majority of those ignorant ofthe magical changes effected by science , the 0 ' Gorman Mahojt provided himself with a candle , made from the bog . It was pure as the purest wax—in fact , a superior kind of spermaceti , and when li ghted gave a beautiful clear -white flame . It was curious to see Ministers and Members handing round the discovery , and to watch the doubtful , puzzled , yet half-convinced air with which they listened to the recital of the facta we are about to recapitulate .
An eminent chemist , named Owen , has , in conjunction with a Mr . Ruys , turned his attention to the chemical composition of these bogs , during the last year or so , and has discovered that they will produce all the articles we have already enumerated . He called the attention of the 0 ' Gorman MAHONto the subject , with the view of having it brought before the Government and Parliament , for the bene- ? fit of Ireland . That hon . gentleman seemed to think that such marvellous statements required corroboration , and , therefore , called on Lord Ashley ; for his testimony on the matter , whereupon his lordshi p rose and
Gave his cordial testimony that a more religious or highminded man than Mr . Given it had never been his good fortune to know . The statement just made by the hon , ' member , however incredible it might appear , was not a theory , and Mr . Owen sought no reward save : that of promoting the welfare of Ireland . The statement which he had to make to the House was as follows : —The extraction of 100 tons of peat in Ireland would cost 8 { . ; the labour of Chemically converting it would cost about S { . more ; and the product would be the following substances : carbonate of ammonia , 2 , 6021 bs ., value Zil . 10 s . 2 d . ; sodaj 2 , llSlbs ., value 81 . 16 s . Gd . ; vinegar , GOOlbs ., value 11 . 10 s . : naptha , thirty gallons , value 11 . 10 s . ; candles—that was , the stuff of which candles were constructed—GOOlbs ., value 17 ? . 10 s , : camphineoil , GOOlbs ., value 51 . ; . common oil , SOOlbs ., value 3 L Gs . 8 d . ; gas , to the value of 81 ., and ashes to Hie value ofH . 13 s .. ; total value , 9 K . 16 s . 8 d „ It appeared , then :
from this calculation , that for 1 CL expended in raw material and labour—or take a wide margin , and say 201 ., a return of more than 9 ltt . would be realised . And these were not mere theoretical results .. Mr . Owen had already operated upon hundreds and hundreds of tons of peat ; and he was ready to stake his character and his fortune upon the accuracy of his experiments ; and the advantage was not confined to the extraction of the substances in question from the peat . When- the superincumbent layer of that substance was cleared away , the soU beneath was found to be fruitful beyond all expression , having been for ages absolutely saturated with ammonia . He did not wish , entire , as was his confidence in Mr . Owen , that the House should accept the statement which it had just heard without a certain degree of reservation ; but if only onahalfof the results which he had indicated were to be realised , the effect would be most extraordinary and beneficial .
The essential value of this statement is , that it is . not-a speculative one , but the result of actual experiment ; and , also , that the calculation , as to the price of the various articles , is in every -instance considerably below the present market price . _ This , however , is judicious , because if capital should be largel y attracted to this manufacture of bog into so many articles of general use , the increased supply would inevitably cause a fall in their exchangeable value . By the present calculation , the oil from Irish peat can be given , at 40 / . a ton , which now costs the manufacturers of this country 957 . a ton . The iodine which now costs 17 * . a ton , could be purcheWfor /»/ and there would , be au equal reaction in other
A New El Dorado. Almost At Our Own Doors...
Here then , at the . moment when it is most needed—when ' English capitalists are looking to Ireland to see in what Way they may most safely invest money , aud at the same time benefit the country , we have a , discovery which—if vigorously carried out—will do more iu five vears to banish pauperism , disease , idleness , and misery from Ireland , than all the exertions of Cabinets or Parliaments could do for a century . Only think of fifty square iaSfia of candles lying under the feet , ready for r of tho iodine and the --=. . .. ,,,., ¦ .,, ¦
.,-bnr tolaynothing Star' The every-day demand for the whole of thW articles , and the manner in which an increased consumption might be promoted in other countries , by their exportation at reasonable prices , opens at once an almost inexhaustible market , m which tne capitalist and the labourer may each immediately reap a rich reward . Speaking of the exceedingly moderate prices by which a return of upwards of 350 per cent , is to be gained upon the outlay in this matter , we may mention , that Mr . O'Connor states that he should be glad to give 5 / . for tho ashes—for agricultural purposes — which are set down at
1 / . 13 s .. only . , ¦ < .. ,, But , in addition to the large and profatahle Labour market which the discovery opens up for immediate occupation , there must be taken into account the immense accession of fertile territory which these chemical processes will place at the disposal of the Government and the peop le—the insane and cruel crotchets of the Emigration-mongers are effectually demolished . There will be no need , for centuries to come , to expatriate the population to foreign shores , in search of that bread which can be created at home h y ' . their own honest industry . It will be as real an augmentation to our arable surface , as if a slice of Australia ,
or New Zealand , or Wisconsin , fifty square miles in size , had been cut off , brought over , here and snugly joined to our own shores . The question-presents itself in ' ¦ a shape which is sure to attract so eminently practical , and , withal , so speculative a race as Eng lishmen . We noticed particularly the earnest attention which Mr . Bright paid to the details ofthe statements we have given , and also that close conversation succeeded between that hon . member and Lord Ashley at its close .
The Queen is about to be received with triumphal arches , flags , shouts , and all the usual unreasoning clamour and silly pageantry which accompanies royal visit ? . Poor Paddy , forgetting his potato rot—his rebellion—his expatriated friends—aud the decimation , of the population—will throw his ragged arms about and vociferate lustily in acknowledgment of the honour conferred upon him . We have no wish to detract from the
ceremonies or the popular enthusiasm with which a Royal yisit should be accompanied , and especially in the case of a Queen who has by her judicious public conduct , and especially by the excellence of her domestic virtues , acquired the personal respect of every class of the population . But we do say , that whatever honours may , or ought to be paid to her as a Sovereign , a thousandfold greater are due to the man whose intelligence , scientific knowledge and persevering industry , has thus opened up for Ireland a source of immediate and permanently increasing prosperity .
Parliamentary Review. After Sitting Prec...
PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW . After sitting precisely six mouths , Parliament was prorogued on Wednesday . The hurried and helter-skelter style in which it rushed through business during the last three weeks , Aras the very antipodes ofthe listless , lazy , do-nothing spirit in which it dawdled through the first three months . Previous to its opening great things Avere expected ,, from it m the way of Financial Reform . If nothing very large could be immediately effected , it was , at least , believed
that the Financial Reform party would make a vigorous fi ght on behalf of the famous ten Million Budget of Mr . Cobden . There was noise and vapouring enough made about it out of doors , and , according to the newspaper organs of the party , tho foundation was certain to be laid for an improved and reall y economical financial system .. What is the result ? The popular party , par excellence , in their own estimation , have , utterly broken down ; they have achieved nothing , either because they were not in earnest , or because they were ignorant ofthe manner in which
their energies could have been successfull y directed towards the accomplishment of the end in view : Mr . Cobden , himself , made a hesitating half-hearted speech , in which his out-door budget dwindled into a very ordinary motion about reductions as soon as they -were practicable , his supporters caught the infection , and so during the Session the Taxation Question has been really shelved—there have been " talks" about it , but that is all , and of these talks not a few originated from the Opposition and Tory benches . One of the latter concluded with a division in favour of economy—a victory which its professed advocates have yet to
achieve . Yet if the ei ghty members or thereabouts who are supposed to constitute the Radical party in the House of Commons , were in earnest , nothing would be more easy than for them to enforce real economy , and effect immediate and genuine reductions . Such a large section of the House , by availing itself of every legitimate and constitutional mode of stopping all other business until the money question was fairly gone into , would soon bring any Government to its knees . Instead of doing as was done this Session , voting the Supplies piecemeal , and waiting patiently till near its close for the annual statement ofthe financial
condition of tho country , they might have insisted that it should have precedence of all other business , and if they were sincere in their belief that 10 , 000 , 000 Z . could really be saved , they ought to have shown that sincerity by proposing these reductions , ' and resolutel y dividing the House upon them in every possible shape and form . This , however , they have not done and consequently we are fairly justified to say that their Parliamentary campaign has been a complete failure . ¦ Their exertions in favour of a moderate and limited amount of Parliamentary Reform have been characterised by the samewant of earnestness and determination , and of course with the same results . If Mr . Cobden meanstomaintain
his position as a . leading public man he must show more courage and generalship than he has done this Session , There is already a very general impression abroad , that the Anti-Corn Law agitation " used him up , " and that having , succeeded with his one favourite crotchet , he has not another valuable or practical idea in his head . Be this true or false it will become tlie duty of the party of which he is one of the leaders , and of which Mr , Joseph Hume is the nominal head , to deliberate seriously during the recess as to the meaws whereby their energies can be more practically and successfully directed next year . .
The Protectionist party , first under a kind of Triumvirate , and latterly under tr leadership of Disraeli , has as comple ' teiv broken down as their Free Trade oppr ynent ^ Lord George Bentinck ' s eaiw : tness , energy , perseverance , and industry , infused ' a degree of animation and vigour *; nto that party last year , which , at least , »' ade it respectable . But with the great Pi ^ ectionist Chief the galpmc fluid which sirred it into activity , has departed . ^ The dilletanti Marquis of Granby prosy old ^ Mr . Hermes , and epigrammatica ! sarcastioM r . Tjjsn AE ^ ^^^^ . j . ^^^^ bolcUncl sincere man , whose own deep and unquesti ^ ningfoith in his politic al creedf warmed other's mto sympath y andrespect . At present irotectionismis a nullity , and the Members who professedly . represent itmustbe content tc
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be nullities in Parliament , until they can find another " cry ; " or—what is better—another " cause '' worth working for . Indications are not wanting that this may be the case . The fact that low prices of agricultural produce must , in future , be the rule in this country , is clearly perceived by the more advanced of the party . They see , also , the inevitable corollary , that it will be impossible with a diminished income to bear their former heavy local and public burdens . The great majority of them need not be dependent upon Court favour , or Ministerial patronage ; and , if they form an independent Country party , and fight for economy in the National Expenditure , they will be useful to the nation , and do good service to themselves . ., ¦¦ : - ¦ ¦ -: „„¦ . .- „ P .. i : ^ -, w ^ v find
As to the Peelite party , it appears to be . m a state of decomposition .. It is rumoured that , during the recess , some Ministerial alterations will take place , which include the displacing of some of those now . in office , and the addition of a few of the more prominent members of Sir R . Peel ' s last administration . Now that the question of Protection is finally settled , the others , if they cannot bring their minds to go
over to the Whigs , and play second and third fiddle to what they consider inferior men , had better fall back upon the Country party , where their practised administrative habits , and powers of debate , Avould no doubt make them readily welcome , As for the Chief , himself , it seems at present that he is quite serious in his intention to decline all future responsibilities , and be content with the Ministerial character he has already written for
himself in the page of history . This brief g lance at the policy and position ofthe various parties in the House of Commons , is necessary to point out how much of the blame for the barrenness of the Session just closed is due to the Government . It is quite clear from the analysis we have hastily presented , that they had no serious opposition , no real obstacles to contend with , as far as Parliament was concerned . Lord John and his Cabinet had all the ordinary influence
which patronage and power ever confer on their possessors . They had a remarkably ductile and industrious Parliament , willing to do anything they were told to do , and quite delighted when anything like work was set before them ; the times demanded large practical and constructive measures , but the curse of incapacity is upon the Whigs—they can neither create nor take advantage of opportunities and means for promoting the public advantage and
prosperity . With the single exception of the Navigation Law , the Session , so far as Ministerial measures affecting the general condition of the empire are concerned , may be truly written nil , Even that solitary measure , which was a remanet from last year , was in danger from the lukewarmness of the Government , and had they not been spurred on somewhat sharply by the Peelites , the probability is , that it would
have been made an " open question , " and so hung up for another and another Session . On the policy ofthe change we give no opinion beyond this , that if Free Trade is to be the ruling principle of legislation in this country , it is better that it should be fully and fairly tested , in order that its advocates , in case of failure , may have no excuse to fall back upon . That is their position uow , and that is almost the single act b y which the Session of 1849 will be remembered in
history . As to the Irish policy of the Session , it has been a series of blunders ; not quite so expensive as the former blunders of Russell & Co ., but quite as hopelessly wrong and melancholy in their consequences . Yet great things were promised and expected ; the attention of the country and of the Government had been painfully called to the magnitude of the misery , and the destitution of Ireland , arising from defective social and political institutions . After having disbursed in one year Ten MILLIONS sterling , as the penalty for our former
neglect of this paramount question , it was supposed that during the recess Ministers would have prepared some measure , or measures , having in view the future permanent improvement of that country . When Parliament met , however , it was found , the Ministerial brains were addled , and could hatch nothing . They proposed , as soon as Parliament got into working order , their usual resort in such cases of mental destitution ; having no ideas of their own , they think it is just possible
they may find some by calling a Committee of Members to their assistance , theyinthemeanwhile continuing to receive thepay for the work they do not perform . Everybody will remember that was Sir Charles Wood's way of discharging tho duties of Chancellor of the Exchequer ; to one Committee he entrusted tho Navy and Army , and to another the Ordnance : the drudgery of going into details was too great for that most worth y Baronet , and so he pocketed the salary , while the patient and unrepining Committees fagged through the
work . : In like manner . Lord John , having nothing to propose for Ireland , suggested the appointment of Committees of both Houses , which was agreed to . But apparently impressed with the notion that the case was after all too urgent to wait for the results of a protracted inquiry of that kind , Lord John directly after his motion had been acceded to altered his mind . Without giving the Committee of the Commons time to inquire , he rushed into its room with a plan out and dried , and desired them to pass resolutions in its favour , and
recommending it to the adoption of the House before a single word of evidence had been given . The advantages of this trick in Lord John ' s estimation , were that . it shifted the responsibility of any blunders in the plan to the shoulders of the Committee from his own —the Committee , however , were willing to do anything he required them—they , therefore , most good naturedl y did ' / Jeddart justice" to Ireland , They reported . first and inquired afterwards ! Such was the origin of the famous
Maximum Rate and Rate in Aid Bill , which according to Lord John was the onl y , and the very thing that Ireland needed . It was to produce an almost magical change in the country—the influx of capital , the extension of agricultural improvement , the employment of Labour , and hosts of other material social and moral benefits were ' certain toflow from this vaunted measure . It was , in short , to open the . floodgates of prosperity upon poor old Ireland .
The House of Commons spent mj > : ny weary weeks and months on the various st ; ages of this wonderful Whig bantling , and . at last it was . sent up to : the LordsJ who summaril y cut out all its essential clauses , an < J sent it back to the Commons resembling itself in nothing but the name . Well , Lord John quietly acquiesced in this visual strangulation of his offspring—nay , like- "Mr . ; Toots , ho was rather pleased that he coi ald do anything to oblige the Upper ' House ; ? . S to the loss of his dai ^ ling measure , it was " not of the slightest consequence , thank you !" Indeed , when he came to think of the matter , he reall y did not see that there was any necessity for it . He "is himself quite satisfied with the present Poor Law in Ireland" !!
But , in the name of common sense , if he was so , whywasteso much of the time of Parliament with a Bill which was useless ? This is however , in short , the secret of the sterility ofthe Session . Ministers do nothing during the recess ; when Parliament meets thev rush into the House of Commons with all kinds of crude undigested Bills , which absorb the greater , part of . the Session in licking into shape , and are at last hopelessly abandoned as irredeemable , or thrown overboard by the Lords , on the plea that there is no time to consider them , It would be far better to put a stop to the farce altogether than to exhibit the Representative System of Government in suqU a ndiculousj . aua , $ fte sam . time , < fa
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grading position as such conduct unquestionably does . One Irish measu re has escaped the dreary limbo into which so many of its brethren have fallen—the Encumbered-. Estates Bill . Much good is anticipated from it ; but remembering that a Bill with the same object was passed last year , which entirely broke down , or , rather , was so impracticable that it was never worked ; we confess that our anticipations are moderate—doubt predominates over hope . ¦ , in grading position as
unquestion-A volunteer measure , introduced at the - stance of the . commercial interest by Lord Brougham , has been carried , by which the laws relative to Bankruptcy have been classified , amended , and reduced to a code . Practical men say it is a great improvement in ah important department of the law , in a commercial and manufacturing- country . With this Bill ends the list of the achievements of Parliament and the Government for 1849—art exceedingl y small quantity of bread for such a monstrous lot of sack ! Were we to chronicle their sin g of omission , and the number of im < portant measures rejected , Ave should try the patience-and exhaust the forbearance of the reader .
But if Parliament has been standing : still , tho people have not . We believe that public opinion out of doors is fast ripening on many important questions—home , colonial , and foreign—and Avill , ere long , make itself heatfol and obeyed by the drowsy occupants of Downing-street and St . Stephen's . During the recess , Ave hepe to see the process of public enlightenment earned on steadily and judU ciously . In that alone is there aay hope of effectually preventing the recurrence of such , a miserable , barren , and purposeless Session as that to AA'hich Ave now bid fareAvell with as much pleasure as Ave get quit of a nightmare ., LORD PALMEESTON'S 'GREAT SPEECH .
ENGLAND'S FOREIGN POLICY . TO THE EDITOR OF THE . fJOKinERN STAB . Dear Sir , —I occasionally read the more important debates in the Houses of Lords and Commons , and never have I been so astonished as of late . I hear nothing but of Lord Palmorston ' s great speech ou our foreign policy . Ihave read it ; and at the risk of being ridiculed—and ii » the face of critics and commentators—pronounce the speech in question not great ; it is crafty , Avordy , and cunning . First , can any of its admirers inform me on what principle England ' s policy is based ? Refer to his lordship ' s speech , and see what he proposes in the favour
case of Hungary and Austria . Is he in of Hungarian independence , and the entire separation of Hungary from Austria ? Assuredly no , his policy is Austrian ' supremacy . "It is of the _ utmost importance that Austria should remain great and powerful , & c . " Such are the words of Lord Palmcrston ; and he only regrets the Hungarian struggle because it will weaken the power of Austria , and lie continues eloquent about the loss sustained by Austria . Again : "It is , I say , devoutly to be wished that this great contest may be brought to a termination by some amicable arrangement between the contending parties , which will , on the one hand , satisfy the national feelings of the Hungarians , and ,.
on the other hand , not leave to Austria another and a larger Poland within her empire . " No one , I think , can mistake the meanir . g of the above passage , spoken , too , at a time Avhen savage Cossacks are burning cities , sacking towns , and shooting prisoners of Avar in cold blood . Such language would have been admissible on the threshold of a rupture , but is worse than mockery , Avhen war and extermination is the Austrian and Russian policy , and the Hungarians , to a man , are in arras to defend nationality , and ensure separation . His lordship is large in hope : " Her Majesty ' s government have not , in tho present state of tho matter , thought that any opportunity has as yet presented itself that could
enable them , Avith any prospect of advantage , to make any official communication of those opinions Avhich they entertain on this subject . I . say official , as contra-distinguished from opinions expressed in a more private and confidential manner ; but , undoubtedly , if any occasion Avereto occur that should lead them to think the expression of such opinions would tend to a favourable result , it Avould be the duty ofthe government not to let such an opportunity pass by . " Oh , how ; humane and noble ! If tho battle be dreadful , the slaughter great , the sacrifice of life on both sides immense , so that both parties are in doubts as to the issue ; Avhen all has been done that can be done — the crops
ruined—industry destroyed—famine staring the governments of both armies in the face , England Avill step in to reconcile Hungary to Austria ; and this is the lofty policy of a * great nation , of which Lord Palmcrston is the official exponent . England is the official laAvcourt of Europe , and the Whig Ministry the judges . We are to preach peace and humanity as the pretext for non-intervention ; and when oceans of blood have been shed , we are to step in and patch up ' , despotism , and " this is to maintain peace , and count for something in tho transactions of the ivorld . " May the common sense of a great nation save us from such a monopoly ! Humanity it is not , it Avould be better named imbecility , ending in the
ascension of despotism , and the prostration of Democracy . Oh I but what a sujerb speech t Yes , superb in humbug and cunning : — " Opinions , if they are founded in truth and justice , will in the end prevail against the bayonets of infantry , the fire of artillery , and the charges of cavalry . " ( Loud cheers . ) An excellent motto for the lintel stone of Exeter Hall . His lordship is quite ri ght—in the end opinion , founded on truth and justice , will prevail ; but Avhat of the time that elapses between the beginning and the end ? That is the time for diplomacy . When truth conquers error , the Foreign Office will not be Avanted ; his lordship will not then be in Downing street . Most men believe in the poAver of opinion in the endbut
; what should be the policy of an avowedly intelligent people , in their connexion with Other states , which nations , like themselves , are yet m a transitionary state from darkness to li ght , from despotism to freedom . Reason and justice speak together and answer— "Aid those Aviioare struggling to be free . " Does the British government favour such policy ? Decidedly no . Her ministers arc ever on tho side of despotism . I speak of deeds not words . In the colonies they are cruel ; in promises to the people plausible and treacherous ; in their foreign relations leagued Avith despotism . Lord Palmerston ' s famous speech is neither more nor less than a set-off against Brougham and Aberdeen in the House of Lords-tho debate in tho House of Lords , originating from a series of reso . lutions proposed by Lord Brougham ; his lordshin
being the advocate of Russian absolutism , and condemning , in well-set phrase , the foreign polievof Palmcrston —in which debate Lord Lansdowne confesses that England Avas not too exact in demanding of France what Avere her intentions as regarded Rome ; it was sufficient that France desired to restore order . Cold , audacious villany . A fine phrase— " restore order ' *» which moans , shooting the Roman people , and ; usurping papal supremacy . It is rumoured , too „ that the Austrian troops now in Italy will be withdrawn and supplanted by French soldiers . The policy is plain ; the Austrian troops so withdrawn Aviin 0 ui the Austrian army , to fight against Hun « arv *
wtucii in reality means that Franco , under Louia Napoleon , will be leagued with Russia and Austria , against the Hungarians . Of course Lord Palmer * ? on regl ' , sucl 1 a 'Policy ,, but caimot prevent it . Oh I no ; the properHime has not yet arrived for official interference . I suppose the proper time will be Avhon Hungary is Polandised , and the Cossack barbarians are safely established in the heart orEurope , with Turkey m their grasp , and giving half of the civdised states of the continent over to absolute despotism . _ If English merchants , and journalists , statesmen and peace-makers submit to allow such results to take place unopposed , may the Cossack marauders maive to there is
a crusaue . angiana ; Avealth enonsh m London to repay them , and if once the g reat oitv paid a heavy ransom to a foreign foe , our states men would become more in earnest in their doinsrs and her Majesty ' s subjects demand something mor « potent thanlengthy speeohosand weak protestations I rejoice to observe the healthy tone that pervades your metropolitan meetings ; the occasional tAvaddle about peace is easily accounted for , and it i 0 ok , well to find a Quaker moving the first resolution at the recent meeting in tho London Tavern , which peaceful : resolution regards tho Hungarian struiT gle with sincere admiration , " which is followed in « Thirii by r r , Dudle r Quart ' s resolution-,. i . ! u ^ S J lsh government do immediatelv recognise the independence of Hungary '' -which latter- resolution , if adopted by the- English govern ment , would be a declaration of war against Austria and ltussia dcr
. -un existing circumstances a most aviso and politic resolve , although , in QuaS phrase not < f compromising individual opinions on the subject of war . " The ° Quakers are quite consistent in supporting : such resolutions , for no one supposes they woulu fight ; they are too rich and K . ^ V - tlfla 8 hare of tne fcto of the eSh to be otherwise than peaceabl y disposed ; the as-ZZV , TPlh r of ™ ch nSn , howovef : S ?/ ™ glyforth PPPWssed but noble Hungarians . The sympath y felt for the Romans and Hungarians is all but universal . W . ^ d , . Keighley , and other towns in the West Riding important and influential meetings nave been held , and the speeches and resolutions have been of the right sort . At the Todmorden monster camp meeting a resolution Avas unanimously adopted in favour of the Hungarians and Romans ,
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 4, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_04081849/page/4/
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