On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (9)
-
since Avhich meeting I have lectured to ...
-
LETTERS TO THE WORKING; CLASSES. LV. " W...
-
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR, ESQ., M.P. ,. SlR '...
-
the parties to be located. By this moans...
-
TO THE EDIT O R OF THE SOUTHERN STAR. Si...
-
( Et)rtrti0t Intelligence.
-
isiretTiEU).— me unnrust jovmcn cefti me...
-
City of London Election .—On Friday tho ...
-
pariianmnt—e twelve anji^grMHSteA. - - -...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Parliamentary Review. After Sitting Prec...
since Avhich meeting I have lectured to attentive imdiences inEalifax , Holmfirth , Bradford , « fee ., and am justified in saying that if this interest in forei gn politics can be kept efficiently alive it will one day produce great results . It not only strengthens the mind and sharpens the intellect of the democrats hut it encourages a love of freedom at home , and prevents politics from sinking into an nnmeaning and stagnant sameness , lly own idea of a true pouticiaii is , that he should be full to the brim of all kinds of knowledge necessary for the government of his own country and the civilisation of the world and , assuredly , adiscreet conception of forei gn politics is no unimportant part of such knowled ge . Faithfully yours , Oldham , July 30 th . Samuel Ktdd . & J ! £ & ^ S # lteiK I i ^
T . S . —I return to the north of England , and any town or district desirous that I shall visit them must write immediately , and address to Sir . John Hudson , Dawson ' s-court , " Westgate , [ Newcastleupon-Tyne . 1 cannot he longer than a fortnight in the north , so early correspondence is important . S . K .
Since Avhich Meeting I Have Lectured To ...
August 4 , 1849 . , TtT 1 r -KO-tiTTftiffft f vV : « -S- ^ state ^^^ t ^^^ ZTr " " ffjj ? = ? r ^^ "V- !! SL ^ -J ™! j » ^^ - ??^~ . __ ^^ ^ g ^^^
Letters To The Working; Classes. Lv. " W...
LETTERS TO THE WORKING ; CLASSES . LV . " Words are things , and a small drop of ink Falling—like dew—upon a thought , produces That -which inafces thousands , perhaps millions , think . " bve ojj . T ? £ R FOR HUNGARY . Brother Proletarlvxs , — Still more unfitted than I was" last week to address you , I must nevertheless do so . Thursday lias come again , and- —so far as ibis Avcek 13 concerned—I must write now or never . Well , -write I "will : Under ] present circumstances , it would be the most difficult for me " to abstain from , writing—hardly death itself could silence my tongue or prevent the use of my pen . The battle-cry of Hungary , which might rouse even ftedeadfivmthenslunibcrs , is more than sufficient to inspire me to again address you in behalf of that-country—p hysical debility ¦ notAvithstandrag .
Glory to our heroic brothers—manfully are they battling for their own and mankind ' s freedom ; and despite the might of brigand barbarism , they are battling victoriously . Even the truculent Times admits the signal overthrow ef the Ban Jellachich ( which you were informed of in last Saturday ' s Star ) . "In forming the plan of campaign , " says the Times : — "It had been presumed that Jellachich -would succeed in taking Peterwardein , and would then march north , defeating Perczel , until he met the Russians between Pesth and Szegedin . He made the attempt , and failed . Peterwardein held out . Twice he advanced up the north bank of the Theiss , once to
O'Beese , and once to Hegyes , and was repulsed . Subsequently beseems to have been more signally defeated . On the 12 th of July the camp of Jellachich was about a league from the Francis Canal , in a strong position between Verbass and St . Thomas . On the 13 th a courier arrived with the decorations rcccutly bestowed on the Ban and his comrades in armsbv his sovereign , and the ceremony of distribution was celebrated with extreme enthusiasm . On thefollowing days severe actions must Lave been fought , and the imperial army severely bandied ; for on the 18 th we find Jellachich driven backtoTitel , a small position near the confluence ofthe Theiss and the Danube , whilst throngs of fugitives were escaping into Syrmia . The garrison ofPeierwardehihad been relieved , and the siege
raised . In later accounts It is stated that the above splendid -victories were gained , not by J 3 em , but by . Gcrox , an English " general in the service of the Hungarians . Some reports read as though Bbsi had come to the assistance of Guyox . Whether , hoAvcva , the victories Avere . gained by Bem , or Guyox , or by both coniointly , matters little . [ No matter their
names—no matter then- country — whether Magyar , Pole , or English—honour to the brave avIio fight for Justice That even a solitary Englishman should be found iu the ranks of Freedoms defendersliav , honoured with the command of Liberty ' s warriors—is certainly gratify ing to me , and must he to you . English soldiers are too seldom seen fig hting the battles of Right against 31 io-ht Honour to GuroN . '
The Times also admits the splendid victories gained b y Geok gey , in the nei g hbourhood of Waitzen , and acknowledges that the Hungarian general completely oat-manoeuvred the Hussions . In one of these conflicts two Hungarian regiments attacked ( says the Times ) a sir-fold Russian force , and for a long time maintained the unequal combat , nntil they -were at length cut off to a man ! Georgey , establishing himself in the rear of the Russians , has cut off their communications with Gallicia . In the north-west , Georgey ' s brother carries on a guerilla warfare with great success , and continues to intercept transports of provisions and other necessaries intended for the Russians .
On Hie 20 th of June , Bem took Bistritz . "When the Russians again entered Hungary , Bem cselidmed ;—" Eools ! I have driven them out of the' country with the aid of 3 , 000 men only , and now , AA-hen I have 40 , 000 AA-ar riors , they begin Avith ns again 2 " Commenting on these most important events , the Times confesses , that " it is evident the plan ofthe campaign as it was begun by the Imperial armies , has been dislocated by the skill aud vigour of the Hungarian commanders , and that doAvn to the latest dates the fortune of war was in favour of the latter . "
Only a fcAv Avcefcs ago , the Times confidently predicted the utter destruction of the Hungarians , enclosed in the net of Austro-Russian armies . 2 * o \ v the times acknowledges that the net is broken and the snarers are themselves ensnared ; may they perish to the last man . The Times is mi ghtily afraid that the Turks -will take a part in the struggle against the Russians . If the Sultan and his councillors arc not thorough fools , the fears of the Times will be realised . Now on sever may the Turks conserve their empire and crush their relentless foe . "Woe to them if they
reject this opportunity ! [ National salvation or ntter ruin is the doom of the Turks , as they shall noAV bravely strike at , or slavishly crouch to , the Moloch of the North . Oh for one hour of Charles the Twelfth , to redeem Pultowa's fatal field , liberate Finlaud , and restore the ancient glory of the Swedish name ! Scham £ l ! ScHAMTi , ! Why tarry thy warriors on the ' . mountain ' s side ? DoAvn , down , like an avalanche upon the vales and p lains , and sweep to perdition the defilers of Georgia , and the would-be polluters of thy free Caucasus ! Last—not least—0 ! for
" That sound that crashes in the tyrant s ear—Kosciusko J " to rouse from their sleep of slavery the long suflering millions of Poland . Still more emphatically than for Turkey , fate ' s : oracle , saith , NOW OR . KETER , is thehour to redeem Poland . It is stated that the Russian reserve of 80 , 000 men has left Cracow for Gallicia . These barbarians are already wanted to fill np the gaps in PasKEWIOh ' s forces . In their rear , may the Poles arise ; take signal vengeance for their wrongs , and re-establish their nationality and freedom .
Let me now call your attention to the following atrocious proclamations of the Austrian miscreant , HavnaiL pnhushed at Pe sth on the 19 th . 20 th , and 24 th . of Jnly , as folloAvs .-" TO THE EfHABl MSTS OF BCTA AND PESTH . ¦* v *^ ^^* tfS & 3 i s ; » HK £ t ^ k- * *^ £ re far different from what they were when we lelt
Vou a short time ago . Doomed to deatlt is every per-W no matter of what rank or sen—doomed to »« mum froth , on the sjotof the crimf . is everyone ritA » U assist the cause of the rebels by words , or by deeds , or fa revolutionary dress ; doomedto instmt death ts Z eUoZvl' * JaLt oinadtanyoftnj * Mim , or of S 33 f our alUes ; doomed to instant death u every T fJho enters into traitorous comniunication uith the ^ 4 t £ saa ? s = ! KS ? JStfBS & ffBSSM
Letters To The Working; Classes. Lv. " W...
by the state of siege , which are referred to the jurisdiction of the court-martial . In the present those provisions are laid down which appear necessary for the maintenance of tranquillity and order in these cities , too deeply shaken in theirmoral foundations by the intrigues of the rebellious faction . 1 . All inhabitants of both cities are to dehVer up within the space of forty-ei ght hours , at the arsenal of Buda , all arms and ammunition of what ever 59111 in their possession . The municipalities of both cities are to appoint a responsible committee of respectable inhabitants for each district , which from the day after the expiration ol the above term ' is to proceed , in the company of military indivi-Ifr the , of 8 iegC . yA
duals , to search all the houses , to seize and deliverup all the arms found , and to arrest the concealers who , upon being convicted of the fact by courtmartial , are immediately to be thou In an uninhabited or unlet house tlie sentence of death is to be inflicted on the house inspectors , or Acute ovmers , it being the duty of such persons to visit their houses . 2 . For the maintenance of order in the streets and public places no group of more than ten persons will be suffered . The military patrols [ have orders to fre immediatel y upon such groups which do not disperse at the first challenge . 3 . Meetings of political clubs are strictl y forbidden , under pain of trial by court-martial . 4 . Amenable to the same
jurisdiction are all those who keep taverns open after nine , or inns and cafes after ten at night ; who without permission of the commander ofthe city post up placards , sell prints or pamphlets in the streets , or give such to others for distribution , or expose portraits or husts of anv persons implicated in the rebellion . 6 . Lastly , such as presume to wear ihe uniform of the National Guard which demonstrated its rebellious spirit , or , as was mentioned in yesterday ' s proclamation , wear badges of the Magyar republic in tricoloure d ribbons , red plumes , and so forth , either in their hats or anywhere else , will be without further ceremony tried by court-martial and shot . "
" Scarcely arrived within vour walls , I quit them again with tbe greater part of the troops , . in order to advance with our victorious arms further to the pursuit and destruction of the rebellious enemy . I do not , however , depart without expressing that expecfcation . which I decidedly entertain with regard to your behaviour , and the disappointment ' of which will be followed infallibly by tbe most deplorable consequences . I expect that-you will zealously endeavour to maintain tranquillity and order in bosh tbe cities . I expect that all points of my \ reclamations of the 19 fch and 20 th will be observed by you as strictly as if you Avere urged continually thereto . I expect , finally , that during my absence
you will touch not a hair of one of my officers or soldiers that stay behind , nor of those of the brave army in alliance with us for the holy end of re-establishing order . If you heed not my warnings , " if even a part of you should venture , with audacious insolence , to transgress my orders , then annihilation will lie your lot . Then , making aUjMyfor one , and one for all , will I regard your lives andprejyerlies as forfeit , in atonement for your crimes . Your fair city , inhabitants of Pesth , which is now partially touched with the traces of just punishment , will
then be reduced to a heap of ashes , a monument of your treason , and of-its castigation . Believe me that I am a man of my word , whether to punish transgression or to reward merit . The disloyal inhabitants of Brescia who , like yourseh-es , repeatedly deceived by the ringleaders of the insurrection , set about fresh treason , may serve as an instance whether rebels have to expect any indulgence from me . Reflect upon the chastisement which visited that city , and beAvare lest , by neglecting my warnings , you force me to inflict the same upon you . "
The Times , the Chronicle , and the rest of the Absolutist journals / so ready on all occasions to invent imaginary charges of "terrorism , " against the democrats of all countries , have not one word in condemnation of the above atrocious documents . Thefact is , they wouldglory in recording the fulfilment of every hellish threat uttered by Hayjjatj ; and , mark you , Brother * Proletarians , were you to imitate the Hungarians in struggling for your ri ghts after the manner they are struggling for theirs , the horrible Times , and similar journals , would be the first to counsel your subjection to HaTjSAU terrorism .
On the last day of the Session , ( Wednesday , August 1 st ) , Lord Nugent called the attention of the Ministry to the first ofthe above proclamations ( the second and third Avere published in this day ' s papers . ) In reply , Lord Palmerstox "thought it Aras uuneces" sarv for him to say that her Majesty ' s Go" vernment , in common with everybody else , " must have read the proclamation , as it ap" peared in the newspapers AA-ith the deepest " pain . Ho need not say anymore on that " point . ( Hear , heai-. ) In reply to the ques"tion put to him , he had to state that the ' Government had no ofiicial communication
" ofthe proclamation in question , and therefore he had no ofiicial knoAA'ledge as to " whether it was genuine or not . " [ Nor have I any ofiicial knowledge of the genuineness of the said proclamation , but I no more doubt its genuineness than I doubt my OAvn existence ; and I am sure that LordPALMEitSTOJJ might truly say the same . In reply to a subsequent question from Lord Nugent , as to whether the Government would interpose its good offices to stop tbe perpetration of such horrors , Lord Palmebstox merely said , "That her Majesty ' s Government must " reserve to themselves a proper and legitimate
" discretion , to act in accordance with what "they might think fit , as circumstances " arose . " What cold , contemptible sentiments are these ! Is it thus men should speak of such monsters as Hayxac f Mark the Hyena—iie proclaims Death to every one , of whatever rank or sex—instant death on the spot , to all who shall dare to assist the cause of those whom he calls " rebels , " by Avord or deed—to all who shall insult his Austrian and Russian saA'ages ; or even Avear the Hungarian tricolour , or a red feather . This fiend of hell decrees Death to all who shall refuse or neglect to deliver up their arms , and to all
house-OAvners and house-letters of even uninhabited houses , in Avhich arms may be found concealed . He ordains that groups of ten persons shall be fired on by his cut-throats . Finally , when about to leave the city to march to the aid of the defeated brigand Jellachich , he threatens the native inhabitants with Annihilation , if only apart of them should dare to transgress his decrees . He declares he will make all pay for one , and one for all , ivith their property and fives , and reduce their fair city to a heap of ashes , as he did Brescia ! Where are the thunders of Heaven , that they blast not this miscreant , and smite him to the
lowest depths of perdition ? " Justice has fled to brutish beasts , And men have lost their reason" — if such a diabolical monster shall be allowed to continue in existence . Is there no Ehud . to carry a message from God to Hyena Haynau , to tell Mm the Devil is tired 61 waiting for him ? Latouu and Lambekg , though blackhearted traitors and villains , were , it must be confessed , angels of mercy and goodness , compared with the destroyer of Brescia-, the most worthy representative of our " ancient ally , " and most worthy of the admiration of Aberdeen and the Chronicle , Brougham and the
Times . Ask yourselves , as men , as beings possessing human feelings , Avhother the carefullyworded , diplomatic replies . , of Lord Palmerstost to Lord Nugent ' s questions , Avere answers worthy of him as a man , a Briton , and a representative of this nation in the European Commonwealth ? Ask yourselves , Avhether there can be any fitting answer save one to Haynau s proclamations , the answer which should'be shouted' . forth ' by ' every ' . civilised nation , by every man worthy ofthe name of man , the response
of" Cry havoc ! and let slip the dogs of ivar . ? ' ' War to the death against a poAver w hjch has p laced itself vyithout the , bounds of humanity , and is , therefore . , self-outlawed . . The mark set on Cain was to save him from death , but the mark of blood-reeking infamy self-set on the Austrian despotism , should doom that despotism to the banded hostility and vengeance of all . mankind . ¦¦ ''' . ' " ' Such being my views of this question , I have unhesitatingly advocated , not merely the recognition of Hungarian independence , but aWWAR on the part of this country , in aid ofthe Hungarians , and for the purpose of crushing the horrible Austrian despotism . My appeal in that sp irit to the great meeting at
Letters To The Working; Classes. Lv. " W...
the London Tavern met with a hearty and unanimous response from the people ; the resolution I proposed at the overflowing meeting at the John -street Institution Avas enthusiastically adopted ; and on Monday last I tested the immense meeting in the Marylebone Riding School , and ono and all responded to my demand for WAR against Russia and Austria , by direct show of hands and the most unbounded applause . The Marylebone meeting AA'as indeed a glorious gathering—a demonstration of public feeling AA ^ hich effectually gave the lie to the Absolutist journals , and Avas , in fact , a severe censure on the disgraceful apathy of the Whig Government . ^ . . ~ ==
The Times of Wednesday , August 1 st , contained the following in its first editorial article : —
" Our Marylebone Radicals have caught the warfever from Iiehrd- Bolus , Mazzini , Kossurn , and the heroes of Baden ; and meetings are therefore , to be held to raise the public feeling of ; this cnunt , y to the point of ebullition . Lord Dudley Stuart and Mr . Jvtus IIarkbt , Mr . Moxckto . v Muxes and Mr . Hetheiu . vgtox , in conclave assembled , have had the glory of adding another point to the People ' s Charter . Hitherto the purport of that instrument was supposed to be confined to the domestic interests of this kingdom ; but wherever it has received the sanction of the Legislature it will be found to have a foreign policy perfectly consistent Avith it .
jlMtoraity with all democracies , and Avar to all governments , is the motto of these statesmen ; and we are bound to assure them that the propagandist doctrines of the revolution were not more boldly professed by the French Convention of 1793 . Mr . Julian Harney , Avhose name is not unknown-at other Chartist meetings , and avc think at the Rational Assembly in John-street , if not at tho Old Bailey , on the Chartist trials , put the question to the meetiug in a manner which admitted no equivocation : — " Ho called upon all present who were " . for the government of this country going to war " Avith Austria and Russia , for the Hungarians , to "hold up their Lands . " { " ' Nearly every one present , " says the reporter , " obeyed the call . He then put the
• ' contrary- question , and not a hand was raised . " )' . "We are not surprised that such a meeting should have received the name of this journal with execration : for , as the unAvavering friends of peace and temperate freedom , we disclaim the applause of noisy belligerents and domestic anarchists . Of the two classes of offenders , \ A * e hold the latter to be the less guilty , inasmuch as it is less odious to set fire to your own house than to burn your neighbour ' s . But the truth is that foreign war and intestine revolution go hand in hand . The passions of tho people at home and abroad are inflamed by the same poison . That has been the curse of Italy and the disgrace of Germany , nnd it would seom that amongst the political dregs of this country some indications of the same spirit may be detected .
The Times' Editor intimates that Julian Harney ' s name is " not unknown at other Chartist meetings , " and he thinks " at the National Assembly , John-street , if not at the Old Bailey . " No doubt the Times AA'ould like to make my acquaintance at the Old Bailey , but I AA ould rather decline that honour . I think I can do the Times—or rather those whom'the Times vrovftd . mislead—more service b y making the Riding School the scene of my public addresses .
The jfmes talks of the foreign policy of Chartism being perfectly consistent Avith the Charter . Would the Times have a foreign and domestic policy inconsistent Avith each other ? The consistency I admit . The domestic policy of Chartism is summed up in the golden sentence , "Do unto others as you Avould others should do unto you , ' and its foreign policy is the same . Hence , Chartists
sympathise Avith the Hungarians , and AA-ould aid them Avith the armed forces of the State , Of course , I preach "Fraternity with all Democracies ; '' but neither I , nor any other person aa-Iio took part in the Marylebone meeting , ever proclaimed , " Weir to all Governments . " I should rejoice if Avar was proclaimed against all despotisms ; and I liA e in hope that such a crusade will . yet be commenced , and be carried to a final and glorious issue .
In mixing up "Lord Dudley Stuart and Mr . Juliax Harney , Mr . Moxckton Milnes and Mr . Hetiieringtoit , " the Times plays the low trick of attempting to excite odium against the movement in favour of Hungary , in the eyes of those to whom anything savouring of Chartism is offensive it also hopes to fri g hten such men as the Members for Marylebone and Pontefract from associating Avith Avorking men and avowed Chartists . The Times well knows that a very serious difference of opinion on Chartism divides " Lord Dudley Stuaiit
and Mi-. Monckton Milnes , from "Mr . Habxey and Mr . Hethekington ; " and so far from " adding another point to the Charter , " no one introduced Chartism in any shape or form at the Marylebone gathering , Avhich , though attended by an immense number of Chartists , Avas not a Chartist assembly . It was not as a Chartist , but as a man , that I attended that meeting , to protest against the injustice done to my fellow-men of Hungary ; and to appeal to my fellow-countrymen , to give their powerful aid to the oppressed , against the oppressor .
It is the Times that has assisted the royal incendiaries of Europe in setting fire to our neighbour's house , and the consequence is ,: that Hungary is in flames ; the " noisy belligerents and domestic anarchists '' desire to put out the fire by putting down the incendiaries . The Times boasts itself the unwavering friend of peace and temperate freedom . Its OAvn columns testify that it has preached a Avar of extermination against the friends of liberty in all countries . Iu its love of "temperate freedom , " tho Times is very like the Tsar Alexander ; it has , " No objection to true liberty , Except that it would set the nations free , "
and , therefore , it app lauds all despots and cutthroats , from Nicholas to Louis Napoleon , from Kadetzsiu to Paskewicii ; and has applauded all acts of tyrannical vengeance , from the massacre of the Paris Proletarians , to the shooting of Boiiekt Blum by the assassin agents of our " ancient ally . " Neither the " political dregs , " nor any other description of " dregs , " can produce any
character so infamous as that of tne Times ; hence , the execrations uith which its name Avas received at the Marylebone meeting , and every other meeting held to protest against its lies , and misrepresentation of the sentiments ofthe English people . The Times may affect to , despise public censure , but the extract I have given above sufficiently shows its ill-disguised rage and vexation .
I again appeal to you to hold public meetings throughout the country , for the purpose of calling on the Government to recognisethc independence of Hungary , and to enter into an alliance defensive and offensive Avith that State . In p ermitting the destruction of Poland our fathers AA'ere guilty of a crime only second to that of tho triune despoilers of that country . If Ave ahW Hungary to share the same doom , the blood of that nation will be on the head of England . 'for basely permitting a cr ime she might have prevented .. "
Hurrah for the Hungarians I While I am writing intelligencG has arrived of new victories gainedf by those heroes . Georgey has again defeated the Bussians ; captured the fortress of Kaschau , and ; it is reported , has crossed the . Theiss , aud effected a j unction with Dembinski . The Russians are noAV most perilously situated . It is believed that Gallicia is ripe for revolt . Though the Hungarians should be continbe
ually victorious in the present campaign , not too confident that one campaign will end the struggle , or that they can do . without the aid of England . The final victory ofthe Hungarians , would be the utter ruin of Austria , and would probably revolutionise and dismember the Eussian empire . The Tsar and the Kaiser will , therefore employ all their forces rather than be beaten . Should they be hard pressed , you may anticipate that the King of Prussia will send his armies to the assistance of
his brother brigands , Avhile Louis Napoleon will send fifty or a hundred thousand troops to garrison Germany , and keep the German people in subjection . In return , he will bo
Letters To The Working; Classes. Lv. " W...
saluted " Emperor ' , Vby the «? Holy Alliance . " To prevent such a consummation there is but one course : English Intehyention , based ON THE RECOGNITION OF HUNGAllY ' S INDEPENDENCE . L'AMI DU PEUPLE . August 2 nd , 1849
To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. ,. Slr '...
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . ,. ' v J . meeting of the Gallon Charter Association , held , in the Mechanics' Institution , on the evening of the 24 th Julv ,. the subject of your announcing your intention of retiring from public life was taken mto consideration . It was with feelings of deep and heartfelt regret that the Association heard of your coming to such a determination , after your ™ Ji ? f ^ fl ^ V so , IonJ 5 * tried , atle , and untiring adl ? £ S ft 1 U the eai , se of Chartism , an 3 the rights and liberties of the people . Such a determi-? h lS , soon after your recent triumph in Avl 3 ™ , < . Com m 2 ns ' when , by your eloquent address , you forced from the Vst minister of tho nZiSr , ^ tirae tod arrived when , on ^ S ? o sh 0 ul < i "e greatly cnlarged-a concessit" Vh'M n ? v er before gave to ' any other mem-XproSnt ^ 3 t ° n C ° - , that y ° « 1 , etircmcnt Sl ^ Smn ? ¦ a natl 0 aal l 0 SS ' aS thel , ( J [ S > t 0 riri . ?? CX ° - ' . movoracn t taking place in the vfrlinrlf' bj' Un Ration of ' the middle ' and woiking classes . The . association' feel deeply you should come to such . a conclusion through the unjust and ungenerous treatment you have and are daily ZT an £ tT a dlS ! l « : ected few ; but they humbly IS " ' J ? vcss » »» h that you may reconsider you nntontion , and that you may , under all the circumstances , see the necessity of altering your determination , and still continue to act as a father and leader to the toiling millions , as this association are firmly of opinion that under your leadership alone Ave shall obtain that great boon—the Charter —for which you have so long and nobly stru «< Hed .
• I am , Sir , in ; behalf ofthe association , ¦^ . ¦ : . '• ' ' ; Your obedient servant , , a - ' - ^¦ ' - - : William Mackie , Sec . 10 , Tobago-street , ' Calton , Glasgow , ,. ^\ Julyr 27 th , 1849 .
TOFEARGTJS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . . SiH ,-rMy confidence in your honour and integrity induced me to take a , " four-acre share in the Land Company : I , like many others , have been unlucky at the ballot , and , consequently , as yet Ima-c had no return for the money beyond the gratification of doing good to othera . I am now out of a situation , and see no prospect but a gloomy one for the future . I have managed to save a few pounds , Avhich Ihave received in a very' straightforward manner from your manager , Thomas Price , Esq ., with which I I intend , along with my Avife and hoy , to proceed to South . Australia , in about two weeks . You Avill , perhaps , say this is a poor alternative . I think so ,
too ; for'I had a deal rather live in my own country , if I could see allyour benevolent designs carried ou t ; but all my hopes have fled for the present—Avhat the future may bring forth we know not . "But while the grass grows , the horse starves ; " so that I ' must be otf as soon as I can conveniently . My interest in the Land Company I confidently leave in your hands , to do as you may think best for the avcIfare of the Company . Wishing you perfect health and strength to go on , in spite of all the " landsharks" that oppose your progress , I remain , Avith much gratitude . Your , admiring humble sen » ant , 30 , Erasmus-street , Derby . Saul . Hall .
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Respected Sib , —I , with many , others , have been grieved at ; the conclusion you came to concerning the Land Company . I hope you will not give us up in the' hour of trouble ; by trouble , I mean—you know that there arc tens of thousands of your wellwishers longing for freedom , avIio now are bondslaves , and Avbo , by your noble principles , may be freemen . Sure'I am , it is for tbe want of an understanding of those tilings that makes men act and do as they . do . Believe me , sir , it grieves me to see you so used by those for whom you have spent your time , your interest , and your property . But , dear sir , let not all suffer for those who ' have become your enemies as well ns ' their own . I have visited
two of . thc estates , and 1 assure you I felt highly delighted to see them . There scorned quite a spirit of content Avith those avIio see the value of having such homes provided for them . Would that many more good and great men like yourself would come forward and undertake the cause you have espoused . Let them visit the bouses of-those avIio have been placed on the Land , and arc determined to try , and try again . Let them compare those miniature farms and houses with the tens of thousands of acres of Avaste land held under government . I quite agree with you ,, sir ^ - " If the . Land Avas put in proper order , . wo should Avant ' hands to do it . " Men ought to think for themselves , instead of ffoinsr to l ) 0 t-
houses > and crying out , "Wo Avant-reform . " True , it is reform that is Avarited , but it- ought to begin at homcV . if they were to place their money , as I have done , in confidence , with" you , Ave should SCO the Land Plan carried out in triumph ; but , sir , I fear to trespass on your time in looking over this . I did intend to have Avrittcn to you last Aveek , but illnest prevented mo . Do notgive up those th . itwisbyou . and the cause well . You must expect , kind sir , in so large a family to . haA-e some rebellious children ; but desertrtot those Avho feel grieved at the conduct of those that have lifted up their heel and their tongue against you . Go on ami prosper , dear sir , and thou sands yet unborn will bless you .
Wishing you the'blessmg ofthe Almi ghty , Yours , very respectfully , 1 , Iligh-street , Camberwell . A . D
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Siiti—It is Avitli feelings of regret that I see you have given notice that you intend shortly to retire from public to private life ; I trust that you will , on reconsideration of this matter , sec the necessity of altering this resolution . If you have made up your mind to retire , I am certain that most of the members will , leave the Land Company . You are no doubt aware that tho members , on the faith of your managing their affairs , as you would haA e done your own , put the utmost confidence in you , and not the Company itself ; and , lam sure , as far as you have been concerned in the management of the afiairs of the Company , they haA-e not been deceived , on the contrary , they have been greatly benefitted , for no
man would have come forward and stood the insults which have been so unjustly and shamefully heaped upon you ; and all this you have done and borne , not only Avithout pay , or any remuneration Avhatcver , but been greatly out of pocket by it , Avhich is an honour to your noble and generous heart , and a reproach to those who have had the benefit and good fortune to be placed upon the Land , and grumbled at being too avcII provided , for . How many ofthe unlocated members Avould be but too happy to bo in their situation , Avith all the faults , ( if any there really be ); but sonic people are never content , and so it seems with them . ' If I do not trespass upon
your valuable time I would propose ( amongst others ] my humble scheme , viz ., that you should hold all the powers Avhich you have hitherto held . in managing the affairs of the Company . That the Company should consist of about 20 , 000 members , which , perhaps , may be the case after the dissatisfied ones have retired ; that these 20 , 000 _ should be divided into three sections , and to-pay sixpence , nine-pence , and one shilling per week ; this would give the following income , ( ortakc the average at three acres , t . e . ninepencc-j would ' comc to nearly the same ) : — : . : ; ' '! : > : . ' ' : . ; ' . ' iWeeidy .: .- Yearly . GOGTihejiiborsat ' Cd-per ' week ! 1 BIJ 13 10 or 8667 1 !) 4 GG 67--- ' ditto . htOH . ditto ; 2 B 0 18 " 7 „ 13017 IS 4 C 6 GG . ditto « t-ls- [ ditto . 833 6 0 ,, 1733112 0 20000-. :. . v-- . r - ' -. £ 750 13 5 £ 39047 1 ) 8 Thus in two years every member . would be paid up , AVh'ich ' wbuld create a capital-of £ 78 , 094 19 s . 4 d . I avouW propose that as soon as you got a sufficient sum ih , hand which would purchase an estate , to do ao , and have members located upon it . as soon as possible , and tb sell the estate outright . Toil Avill , perhaps , remember this was ' [ ' your first proposition . -nnd which ought not . to have been departed from , although the intention' was good ; tho tenant to have a lease for . a long ( but certain ) number , of y ears , and at a fixed rent ; Mali ' s daily bread js of more importance tohim and' his ^ family than a vote , that Avill come , at all events , by ' snd by ; this , I believe , Avas your intention for not . selling them . As soon-as the location is completed upon an estate so bought , lot it be sold ' to any party Avishing to purchase it upon the Company ' s conditions ; by this means of buying and selling you would need no more capital , as each estate would return you more than Avhat it cost you . Upon the principle of selling tho- estates the existence ot the Company depends , as no capital which the Company can raise , or any interest in the shape of rent , ' will ever locate the Avhole of the members in a reasonable period . It is now that the labouring class wish to be placed upon the Land , ' and not to Avait for some years , as some of them would certainl y have to . do upon the old plau ; . ofkeDping possession of the estates in the Companys hands . As regards the bonus system , that alone damned the plan ; the poorer members saw clearly'that their prospects were blighted . Instead ofthe bonus I would propose the ballot , oi some , other mode equally as fair , to the members ; for instance , let-us suppose that an estate is bough ! and thirty members are to be located upon it ; non let each district ballot for one member amongst the paid-up ones , and let the parties ' names who hav ( been balloted for ho sent to tho Directors , and i tt TfcS , v i ; " ' ' «>« g ' > oiit- the districts mm members balloted for than are required for the location , let the Directors ballot all tho parties ovei again , and the thirty who arc first diwn will b <
The Parties To Be Located. By This Moans...
the parties to be located . By this moans they will get the exact number required , fairly and honestly . I think if the Directors Avere acting upon these different modes , viz ., yoa to have the " managementto raise the capi tal by weekly payments , as before stated—to buy estates , and tb sell them again—to give tenants long leases , fixed rents , and the ballot similar to the way which I hare mentioned , it » ould revive confidence in the members ; it avouW go on more prosperous than c \ -cr , and the members would see some reasonable chance of there being made independent labourers for life . If vou think the above remarks Avorth a place in the ' Star , you Avill ° bllge , J . av . ' U . S ., A Member of the Company . Xewcastlc-upon-Tync .
TO FEARGUS ' . O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Mv Deau Sm (—It appears from the statements made in the Star that you have entertained thoughts of retiring into private life . It is not to be wondered at that such should be the result , owing to what you have endured from real enemies and pretended friends ; but , to make a long story short , 1 tell you , in the most unmistakcablc language , that you cannot act thus—your true friends are very numerous , and they will not let you go , and , by the Lord Harry , I am determined you shall not go . " Come Aveal come avod , " you must be at our head , or clse . it will be woe unto us all . I am not disposed to give Johnny Russell mid his cloud of confederates a sweetmorsel of congratulation by letting
O'Connor , our chief , retire iu the present state of great emergency . No , no ; this Avould be food for the daring - scoundi'els , who usurp all power and annihilate everything pertaining to justice and ri ghteousness . Tho subject I am writing- upon is very disagreeable , and I cannot dwell upon it ; I must therefore conduce by reminding you , ' -my dear sir , that your offspring are so numerous that I cannot count them , and having so large a family you must be sympathised Avith ; but still you must provide for them , and knowing as I do that vou arc an affectionate father , and not , willing . that any should perish , I beseech you as a son to devise such means as you consider best for our welfare , and I , for one of your numerous progeny , and . many more of my brethren , Avill Avork as hard as we can in order to make your task easier , and give you every consolation
that lies in our power . There are many of our brethren very self-willed an d very per verse , but 1 and a great many of your sons have coine . to tho determination to separate from them , and I have no doubt by our united excrtions . 'Svith our dear father O ' Connor as our guardian , we shall not only prevail against our dissatisfied brethren , but also trample upon that reptile , Russell , avIio elevated himself to the position he now stands in by acts of , a cunning and deceitful character . Now , my dear sire , I conclude , by expressing a fervent hope that this brief letter , in conjunction with many others of my brethren , -will not be unavailing , and then harmony , peace , and concord will prevail . I am , my dear Sire , Your very affectionate son , Thomas C . Cook . Edinburgh July 30 ,
AN ADDRESS TO THAT PORTION OF THE LAND COMPANY WHO HAVE ENTIRE CONFIDENCE IN MR , O'CONNOR . In looking over the Star of the 21 st inst ., and reviewing the different resolutions passed at the different meetings in reference to the Land Company , there is none I so much admire as those passed at Buhrcll . They say : " That as ive have full confidence in Mr . O'Connor , avo think it Avould be advisable to have nothing to do Avith the law , but let all tho property belong to him . " " That there be bonus and ballot , so that there may bo one chance for the poor , members , and two for those who h . Tvc money . " All well disposed members have entire confidence in Mr . O'Connor , but not in
those who have tho controlling power of the law . I fondly hope that our brethren at Bulwell Avill be well supported , and that their sentiments may be triumphantly - carried at the forthcoming Conference . St . Paul states : " That he fought with beasts at Ephesus ; " and truly Mr . O'Connor has fought with many beasts in Great Britain . Such being the case , it requires all lovers of O'Connor to come forward and declare their attachment to him , and in testifying their sincere 1 oa c and confidence , they cannot do it in a more distinguished manner than by supporting the resolutions of our brethren . it Rulwoll in the Conference new at hand . I am persuaded that if these resolutions arc carried out , and their stringent regulations laid down and promply adhered to , that the noble Land Plan of Mr . O'Connor will not only prosper , but it will prove to he a two-edged sword to all tho enemies of Freedom — for bv such means
tho grumbling reptiles will have quickly to take their departure—the lying Press Avill have less food to subsist on , and tho do-nothing government will be lulled into repose . Tho number of individuals now interested in this noble- scheme is of no small magnitude ; therefore , as their number is such as to entitle it to thcnnmc of Legion , let us , with one voice , to support the resolutions referred to . I approve very much of tlie advice given to the members , by Mr . Isaac Wilson — that is , " to have no more money spent in getting tho Company registered , and let the deed , with all the stamps , bp made a present to the Attorney-General , to be placed in some prominent situation in the House of Commons , so that the government may always be reminded that they bare received a largo sum of money from the working classes for stamps—at tho same time knoAving that they intended to prevent the Company being registered at all as a Joint Company . "
In conclusion , I have one remark or two to make , in reference to the last resolution made by our brethren at Bulwell . In the first place they say : " And wo think that houses might be built for £ 50 each , till the allottees could turn themselves round , Avhen they might alter them to suit their own purposes ; and we think many oi those that have made complaints , have lived in houses which cost little more than £ 50 before they Avont on their allotment . " Ihave two objections to this last statement : the first is , that if ' a good , commodious , and comfortable house is built at first , it saves any further outlay at any future time ; my next objection is , that
knowing , as I do , that Mr . O'Connor is interested all all times for the poorest of the poor , I consider it something more than superfluous to embody such sentiments , as Mr . O'Connor has , from the commencement of the Company , attended to this departpartmeiit in the most praiseworthy manner . In conclusion , lot me entreat all who have entire confidence in Mr . O'Connor , to come forward and . give him that cordial support Avhich his distinguished patriotism so highly merits at our bands . I am , brethren , yours respectfully , Thomas 0 . Cook , A Four-Acre shareholder .
Edinburgh , 30 th of July , 1849
TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Deak . \ sn Honoured Sm , —It is Avith pain and regret that we read in the pages of the Star of July 21 st , yourfirm . determination of retiring from public to private life . From the first of your making that statement to the present , avc had the idea , and Avas strong in hopes , that you Avould not persist in carrying it out ; but when avc read your speech , delivered at the Standard Theatre , Shorcditch , on the 15 th of July , which says , that you have grown prematurely old through your energies and efforts in advocating our cause , -and that it Avould probably be the last occasion of your ever appearing on a public platform , our hopes completely left us ( as avc are sure they have done ' others , ) and avo emphatically
request that A'ou will-retract . your assertions , and continue to be the champion of liberty , and guide our once-shattorcd vessel to a safe and sound anchorage . '"' - '•" ¦ That you have grown prematurely old through your energies and efforts in the cause cannot be denied , and we speak the language of hundreds besides ourselves when we say , that such Avas our opinion Avhen avc saw you at the camp meeting of Lancashire and- Yorkshire , on the 15 th of July , and ive confess that our inward man failed us on your making your appearance , to find you had so materially altered . The cause may be ' attributed ( avc think ) chiefly to ingratitude , and we look upon those guilty of it , as being guilty , of a crime of great
magnitude , by those avIio have had so mucn done for them , and Know not Iioav to appreciate such goodness , but by grumbling that more has not been done for them ; and we think it necessary that y ' ou should , Avatch with a strict eye these continual grumblers , and , at the first opportunity , dme them from the land they have so greatly dishonoured , and let other aud better men take their places ; for there are hundreds that would be proud to change places with them , and Avould feel grateful for such a change . Your services in the House of Incurables have been advantageous to the cause ; and through your exertions ( so temperately managed when you brought our claims before the house , it stands now in a very prominent position before 'the country , avo think ( substantially ) more than ever it did before . The child has now grown to be a man , and now
requires greater care than ever , that it does not choose the avikwo path . There are too many temptations before to loose any of its tutors , and more in particular its principal tutor , and wc sincerely hope that you will not abandon it at the hour of need , but that you will Avatch over and guard it Avith your fostering caro . Should there be- any retirement whatever , avc pray you abandon the house of humbug and deceit , for tbe people place no condence in it ( a great deal more in our right arm ) , and wo presume it has done as much as anything avc know of to deprive you of health . Your services will be as efficient out of the house by making grateful—ay , grateful—electors , and being the means of returning members , as they will bo m the house , and no doubt moro so ; for tho good old cause will receive a greater stimulant from your personal presidency , aad tho pressure from without w »]
The Parties To Be Located. By This Moans...
cause it to receive that respect and attention it demands in the house . When the enemy isadvancin * it is not a fit time for an armv to lose its confmandcr ; and now that a union has taken p ]; ice-or is about to do-of the Russell and Peel parf . v , for the purpose of impeding tho DemoeratiojniovcmeBt and that of " tho Prot ectionists , we think it quite as expedient rhat Democracy—no matter from what quarter it emanates—should join heart and hand and thus make a formidable stand against ' these shallow-minded , trafficking politicians—Peel and Russelland whether
, - they unite or not , wo think it necessary tint the middle and working classes should unite , and take what they can 1 ; ct with thanks , but never to rest until the whole of . our ro quirements are conceded to us ; and for you to leave us at this critical juncture will , we are certain ,, , bo attended with great disadvantage , and Ave again hope that you will still conduct the helm , of tho " good old ship ; " and if life and health permitwhich avo hope will be the case—cease not until yeu have accomplished your end and aim—viz . / " The Charter and no Surrender . "
Heed not tho few grumblers , for they are an insignificant minority , who , as well as tlie tvrannical nullocracy , will have accomplished their ' purpose should you retire , and leave the great ObiCCt Of your desires . J The following resolution ay . is adopted at a meeting of the Democrats , convened for the purpose ,, on Sunday , July 2 !) th , at their room , bottom of the Old Bank , Itipponden : — " That this meeting tenders to Mr . O'Connor its sincere and heartfelt thanks for the noble efforts he has hitherto rendered to the cause of suffering humanity , and regret deeply tho proposal of retirement from public to private life , such havin < r
obtained great publicity through tho press—and acknowledge and appreciate the honesty and abilit y displayed by that gentleman in bringing the association to its present proud position , and that he be required to . Avithdraw his assertions , and continue to preside over the affairs of tho National Charter Association , and likewise take such steps in the forthcoming Conference as will tend to the carrying out of the objects of the National Land Company , as originally proposed . " Signed on behalf of the meeting , •\ ' " Joseph Wrioley , See . Ripponden , July 29 th , 1849 . ¦ •• ¦ = ¦ ¦ . >¦ . ;
My Friends , — I will never ¦ desert ' your order , abandon your cause , lior cease to advocate your principles . . ... ..,. > ... Your affectionate Friend , " Fkahgus O'Connor .
To The Edit O R Of The Southern Star. Si...
TO THE EDIT O R OF THE SOUTHERN STAR . Sir , —I have no wish to intrude upon the columns ofthe Star to gratify a scribbling propensity , but aa the Conference is soon to meet I think it is the duty of every member to make known his "crotchet , " if he ever thought upon the subject to form one . Mv proposition or crotchet is this : —Let each locality give the unpaid-up members one month ' s notice that unless so much per share be paid within that timo that they will be scratched oft the books as members , and in nowise to be re-admitted ; and that all members thereafter avIio shall not keep their payments good every three months shall share the same fate . Each locality would then soon ascertain the
real number of members intending to go on . Then let there be a fund raised- by weekly subscriptions per share ( by act of Conference , ) to purchase the shares of the scratched members as fast as the funds would admit , to keep them from fretting . We will then suppose that all tlie paying members do thenduty ; a sum of money is raised , our Father Feargus buys an estate , builds , and locates by ballot as usual , and Avhen that is done , ( to prevent him from cutting to America or Jericho with tho estate , ) let him turn the estate over into the hands of trustees to sell the rents to the highest bidder . Is there anylaw to prevent that ? Or must avc ask government to let a \ s do so ? The idea of asking leave to allow us to Avind up . the affairs of our Company appears to
me an absurdity . Excuse my ignorance of the laAV if such a law exists to demand it . Why is not every poor man made to send to the Secretary of State to ask permission to kill his fat pig , if he has one . I think it is a piece of injustice towards the paid-up members to call upon them to pay a weekly sum per share , men who strained every nerve in the first instance to help the Company on are now to be taxed , or go back as it Avere , to push tho lazy lubberly hangers-back up the bill ; let the laggcrs pay in their thousands as we have done , and when they have all paid up then will be the time to make all , located or un located , pay a trifle each weekly to help the funds to Avind up' the affairs of the Company , by making us all little farmers , instead of winding up to make us all naun ' crs . It is IikewisR
proposed that paid-up members , avIio are too poor to pay this weekly tax , are to receive interest for their money , but not to bo eligible to the ballot box . Is that justice ? So ; but it is an injustice that never will be suffered avIuIc our noble , of nature lives . W . E ., of Northampton , proposes twelve acres to be the principal quantity of land . . He may have whoroAvith to purchase twelve acres , —thousands have not . lie says , no more bonus , no more ballot , and let them by auction to members only . How very selfish it reads ; it smells very strongly like a crafty enemy . I may bo wrong , but ' his simple plan , and so casi'fy umfmtooa ' , so bothers my brains , as Pat says .- — ' •' That darnation seize me if I can understand it . "
I am , Sir , yours respectfully , Reading . T . M . wor
TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Dear Sir . —Being a paid-up three acre member of the National Land Company , and having read Mr . O'Connor ' s letter in Avhich ho states his intention of retiring from the management of the Company , I feci very sorry that he should entertain such an , idea , after the many proofs of confidence he has had reposed in him by the members . It is no doubt very disheartening to give his time and talents to the forwarding the best interests of the Company , aud that , too , without fee or rcAvard , and receive slander and abuse in return ; but 1 should think it is but from a very small portion of the members . I hope he will yet bo induced to stick to the helm of
the good old ship , until he land his passengers in tho port of honest independence . I have read a letter from Mr . Thomas Major , which appeared , in the Star ofthe 14 th , and as a Conference is to meet I think they should consider it ; that is , —suggesting tlie propriety of placing the members on their allotment according to priority , instead of the ballot ; to this all would cordially agree , as it would be a stimulus to exertion to those who Avere real bona fide members to have their shares paid up ; and that there might be no mistake , let tho resolution of last Conference be rigorousl y enforced with regard to having the books cleared up every three months , unless satisfactory reasons can be given for nonpayment ; and tlie rate of payment towards shares not to be under twopence per Aveek per shave . Thoy
must be poor indeed who would not give thhr towards their own emancipation . Let the bonus go 01 also ; and Avhen an estate is ready for . the reception of allottees take two-thirds of those that have paid bonus , and tlie remainder of them who have not , orare not able to pay bonus , by priority , and by doing this every member would have his allotment secured to him as his time came , instead of a chance by tho ballot . Then , in the words of Mr .-Major , the Lottery Act , and other acts that militate against thepoor working man , in regard to this at least , maygo to the devil , as there is no doubt but the - great ? majority of members , if not all , have full confidencein . Mr . O'Connor , without act s of Parliament to . bind him to his duty , knowing . by past experience that in it he has never failed . Trusting that something may be done thai Avill prosper the Plan , in . de " fiance of all opposition , I subscribe myself , yoars truly , Jaues Stkvej-son .
( Et)Rtrti0t Intelligence.
( Et ) rtrti 0 t Intelligence .
Isirettieu).— Me Unnrust Jovmcn Cefti Me...
isiretTiEU ) . — me unnrust jovmcn cefti menweekly meetingon Sunday ,, in tlie Domocmifcic Temperance Hotel , 33 , Queen-street , Ms .. IJ . isckley in the chair , Avhen the financial position : of the Association Avas taken into , consideration .. On themotion of M > . . Mitchell , s * conded by . Mir ; . "VV . ' . Cavill , the followiag . - ' resolution was agseed ,- io : —" That Messrs . Taylor and Cavill be appointed ) to audit the whole of the Association liabilittas ^ anfi that they b < j brought before tbe s & embers naxfc . ' Sisnday oveninm . at seve-a o ' clock , Avl ^ en every member is caracsvy bes
requested to attend , to consider ^ th * t means , of liquidating the sanw . " It was . thca resolved , " TJ & at a puiblic-meeting ; should be-hebJs to strengthen : tho brave and patristic Hungarians . " Due notice-will be- given . It a \ jss likewise , agreed that all the- membsi's who have , hitherto been , liegloctod to b & called upon by aposiion of the . ckissi collectors , bs > respectfully requested to forAKard : tboir contributions to the Council , wWch will sit every Sunday evening , from seven till ten , to receive tbe same . —By order ef the Council , M . A . BvGKLEV , Chairman . A meeting has been held in the Democratic Temperance Hotel to nominate a candidate-, when Charts Bagshaw was , duly nominated .
City Of London Election .—On Friday Tho ...
City of London Election . —On Friday tho Lord Mayor , Sir James Duke , Avas elected without opposition to represent the City in Xh proceedings commenced at shortly before one o ' clock . The Cholera . —Return London and vicinity , new England and Wales , new Scotland , new eases , 32 ; cases , 502 ; deaths , 25 ft * hi £
Pariianmnt—E Twelve Anji^Grmhstea. - - -...
pariianmnt—e twelve anji ^ grMHSteA . - - -g » ffi & £ ^ Zfr * of e « M e ^ MrlSay ; : ' caseOu * % idealig * J 19 / casesf ? 'Rei & r ^ 29 ? deathK ^ iioik- ^ ? iO ^ P ij puriiuiuguj » ane iwelveau / B ^ Mr ^ r & teA . ? ases ^ WefP © p gS § tfta ^ fl y ^ T- Z ^ , /^ A ^ VA .- 's / H s ( fe . festH fr ? - » v >~~ - ^ y
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 4, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_04081849/page/5/
-