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February 5, 1848. _ ^ _ THE NpRTHERN STA...
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A WIXTER CHAKT . BT 'TUB BELFAST HAN .' ...
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THE LABOURER. No. XIV. Fbbewbt. ¦ A Trea...
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Alnwick. —The working classes of this to...
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. . WINTER WANDERINGS ^¦ !il e n 3 i^ 8i...
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The concilium generate of the university...
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DEATH OF GEORGE BINNS, THE SUNDERLAND CH...
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Away, away, away! And spread thy sunny s...
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Tlnrine" the year 1817, there entered th...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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February 5, 1848. _ ^ _ The Nprthern Sta...
February 5 , 1848 . _ ^ _ THE NpRTHERN STAR 3
Iatfrp.
iatfrp .
A Wixter Chakt . Bt 'Tub Belfast Han .' ...
A WIXTER CHAKT BT ' TUB BELFAST HAN . ' \ 7 ho -sorrows for Spring , is it I ! no , no , Through the sua of her love there are sbadews of snow , And more holy to roe were the fang s of the asp , 2 tjrfn a heart having ice tfnd a hand formy clasp , ^ you ' ve hate let it rage , K you ' ve love 1 st it burn , Pot y « M " hearts that sr aeflnras a beacon wonldtfcrB , r ^ u awaj with year Blwr-toBgued simpering . fjnrr , 54 # r . pb sbe f : ' »* sVw todtfc * n with young Helody ' s win c : Safe it flutter ? idt ' tOyM * passing along , You'd n ^ fce « 3 : Fjiwhet Aa msan * as asong .
rorthefevrrisV . tier * <' ¦ rsnmmerdij sky * " ? Vho signs or who sorrows ? not I , not I ; Is it mourn for the fierce flashing spirit of firs Thst strikes mid-day melody de-ad at her lyre—That quaffs off your floods , and inhumanly sips E ' the last drop of dew from the daisy ' s parch'd . lips ! TLen ye'H chant of her love , and je ' il hymn to th « sheen Of her tresses of flimeand her flounces of green ; Beits" —but her pinion's too brilliantly starr'd To be lumbered with love for s democrat bard .
¦ Js it Autumn ?—away with , her coquettish frown , Oclj kiss ye her lip and it withers je brown ; & nd she sighs and she smiles , and she sobs and she fames . Till the yielding grove flings her its holiday plumes , To be whirled through the floods , to be bleached on the grass . -Qrfiungup with disdain in your face si yon pais . -8 h ! a pretty old pouter brewn AntumE art thou . "Wilh a boon in jour hwoin , and death on jour brow ; 3 ut a-curtain descend o ' er yourself and yonr deeds , y and spun from the foam ol your conqueror ' * steeds .
Then hail to tfcea "Winter—though stem ana severe , I caa love even wrath when I know it sincere ! And your grasp of a hand like a patriot ' s lance , "Hakes the soul of one tingle through every giant ? . Then you come undisguised like tha fearless and trie , % Vifli your heart at yonr lip , and a * ong in it too ; Po r Old Winter ' * a bard sure » brother may tell , And the forest ' s a harp he can finser rig ht well , Oh ! to hearken him there wh ^ n the muse he invofcss , "What a war-whoop ha rings from the tottering oaki ,
Then fcip , tip , hurra ! for his harp and his song , And their true tempest burden rush , rushing along ! Tor we ' re sick , heaven knows , of their lute-risea sighs . And their silver-tongued streams and their sweet azure iMes , And the rest of their eome-ftll-the-tlegant stuff , Ab 4 we turn to thee , Winter—proud , honest , and rsugh—Oh I I'd rather he facing thy cloudiest frown , When you roll in your rajs o ' er the shivering town , Than be mantled in light In the gaudiest bower That ever nursed June her fire-lipped flower .
Is it winter , ha . ha ! ha has lore in his wrath—See his pearls fair as light sprinkle over your path ; Asd your streams only look , peepine out as ye pass , Kith their sweetest of songs from his cages of glass ; But for me let them leap from their precipice home , Shrieking out like Despair from a furnace of foam , hen away , like a bolt , o *« r the red earth and rocks , While the whirlwind falls choked with their carrotty locks , And the heavens ring—not with ' the sign of the rills 'Bat an anthem right meet for a child of tie hills .
Then hurra for the hard of theworld-sweeping win ? , And hurra for the harp ofthe earth-cleaviag sting ! And hurra for ths waltz , and the whirl , and the wheel , Of the uprooted oaks , crossed andtoissdin the reel ! Oh ! I'd bs with thee Winter , by forest and wave . Asd my heart beatin- time to your hurricane stave ; For there ' s something so wild and so fiercely sublime , Ay , and fearlessly true , iii year chant and jour chime . That they ring through my soul like the shent of the free"Then the flood , or the wood , and tie tempest for me : « Basses of Ulstzs .
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The Labourer. No. Xiv. Fbbewbt. ¦ A Trea...
THE LABOURER . No . XIV . Fbbewbt . ¦ A Treatise on ihe Small Farm System and the Banking System by which it is intended to be developed . By FeahgcO'Coxkob , Esq , MP . London : Northern Star Office , 16 , Great Windmill-street , Haymarket ; James Watson , 3 , Queen ' s-Head Passage ; Manchester , Abel Heywood . Co-operation is the great lever of modern progress . Feudalism did its work against despotism ; mnnicipalitiej against feudalism , and . now flo-operation is raising the working classes from under the feet of that middle-class tyranny which has grown out of
the municipal and corporate privileges ofthe middle ages . The value of co-operation is only beginning to be understood by the people—and the magnificent treatise just published by Mr O'Connor will do more to impreis the public with the incalculable value of the principle , than any vrerk of modern or of ancient times witn widen we " are acquainted . One of its Chief merits is . that it deals with practical illustrations ; Mr O'Connor is no mere theoretical politician , but he brings his judgment and experience to bear upon the requirements of the age , and while he points to the terminus , never neglects the means for a safe ? journey .
It is the principle of co-operation that accounts for the rapid progress and ensures the final success of the National Land Company . Without co-operation Zt would be impossible for a poor man to obtain pos-S ' asion of land . Firstly , he would have to purchase it at the retail price;—secondly , he conld not singly f nd the means to purchase even at the wholesale one , [ nor even to meet the law expenses attendant on such purposes . The following proves at once the valne of cooperation at the starting point , the purchase of land : — There are located on O'C-mnorville thirteen four-aere Occupants , five three acre occupants , and seventeen twosere occupants , whose paid up subscriptions amounted to £ 131 . 5 s ., while the expense ef making out title and conveying the prepertyamonnted to £ " & 5 0 end the valuation and survey to ... 42 0 0
Making £ 118 5 0 or within £ 13 Is , of the ' whole amount paid by the occupants . Then we take the next estate—Lowhands . 23 Four acre occupants paid £ 119 12 0 6 Three acre occupants paid 21 8 0 17 Two acre occupants paid 44 4 0 Making a total of £ 137 i 0 ¦ whilethe expease of Baking out the title and conveying tb- property was £ 219 9 s . lOd . ( the cost of stamp duty alone being £ 83 15 s ., ) and the cost of valuation of outgoings , timber , and fixtures was £ 60 , siafeiug £ 279 9 i . 10 J ., or £ 92 5 = ' . lOd . more than was paid by all the allottees .
Co-operation then performs the seeming" magic of enabling a man to obtain for £ 2 12 s ., £ 3 18 s ., or £ 5 -is ., that which , single-handed , he could not purchase under from two to five hundred pounds , so high is the price of land when sought for by the poor . Cooperation , again , is the means by which the expended capital isreproduced , —but first , let as see how that same co-operation reduces the expense , and guides and braces the progress of the Company . 11 actually turns that , which , to an individual purchaser would be a drawback , into an advantage . Many an estate remains unsold , from the fact of being burdened with too large a house—too extensive buildings , etc . But , Low does this stand in reference to the Land Company ? Speaking of the value of such materials , verse than useless to an individual , "but invaluable to a co-operating company , Mr O'Connor
says—Those who are not practised in the nude of estimating the value of old materials to a Company fike ours , or to a landlord in the situatioa I have been considering , tnay be sceptical upon this point ; but perhaps , I may succeed in dispelling the doubt , wh « n I state that I estimated the value of building materials upon an estate of one hundred and twelve acres at £ 3 , 660 ; the value of the materials upon an estate of one hundred and thirty acres at more than £ 2 . 000 ; that the old materials and fences grubbed oa the Herringsgate Estate of one hundred and three acres were worth nearly £ 1 , 000 ; and that the materials upon this estate ( Snig ' s End ) ef one hundred and eighty acres , are worth £ 2 , 000 ; and I m- ' ghi put all down at a higher figure if I was to take icto account the exact difference in value between materials oa the spot , and those whieh I have frequently t » ¦ draw five miles .
Thus , co-operation enables the Company to obtain the Land and materials—it turns that which would fce waste iato value—and farther , it economises the working of the p lan—it chances that into profit Tvhieh would otherwise be a heavy drain on the Company s' resources ; in short , it saves the difference between a retail and wholesale price ; See how the co-operative principle simplifies and expedites the working of the plan : I will kow make the value of eo-operation apparent to aV , by the savings in the single item of horse poweraed to this statement I beg the greatest attention . Perhaps thess arithmeticians ofthe Press , who expect that all the materials composing a cottage should jump together as if by magic , will cock their ears , when they learu that there are two hundred and fifteen tens of materials in a single cottage and out buildings , I will uraijfc . tae table for their instruction ,
The Labourer. No. Xiv. Fbbewbt. ¦ A Trea...
140 tons of Stones . 25 „ Sand and lime for masons . SO „ Rosd stone , allowing a mile to every fifty cottages , that is six perches , as the proportion to each cottage , and five tons to a perch . 5 ,, Timber . 10 „ Slates , lime and sand for plasterers flagging for Kitchen , chimney pieces ) hearth-stones , ranges , stoves and chimney . bars , nails , iron-work , spout , tng . pump , stelnlng well , cement , lead for gutters , aud the little etceteras the tteloing of the well alone taking from four to five tons . _ " Sseae of gravel formaking paths . Making 215 ten * .
» f , r , T : r P . re 3 Ume ' th 8 t tn ° » grammes , ?» ££ ? T mm * ° ' « " •*•»<»* of labour re ! quired for the convers ion of two hundred acres of an old system farm into fifty allotments with fifty cottages , were under the impression that all the materials ia oa ' of those cottages would weigh two or three ' tons ; but you will find that not less than 10 , 750 tons of material , are re qu red for the erection of fifty cottnges . And having had some experience for the past , hired horse power , for the performance of that portion of the work , woulej stand me in two shillings a ton , making the sum of £ 1075 for that labour alone , whereas I can perform the sarae a-nount of labour , and more conveniently , at nne-pence a ton , thereb y effecting a saving in this dtpartment aloaf of £ 13 Si . 93 . a honse . and in this
fialculatlon I make no allowance for the manure made by the horses . But , as my object is to convince you of the value of co-operation , and to prove to you that the securing of that principle , will warrant our giving a bonus to those who furnish the means . I show you that , from the differ . ence between hired horse-power and oo-opsrative horsepower alone , the party renting one of our cottages would not ha the loser of a fraction by laying a benns of thirteen and a-half per cent , ov-. r and above the interest ; that is , ha saves £ 13 8 s . 9 d . by tlie mone > y of the depositor , in the single item of drawing materials to his house , as I estimate the value of a cuttsge at £ 109 ., and the sgricultural operations at £ 5 an acre ; and as largo a saving would bd effected in agricultural operations by the difference between co-operative labour and hired labour .
This saving , and _ consequent profit ( since money saved is money gained , especially to a Company formed for the reproduction of its capital ) , pervades every branch of co-operative economy : I convinced my bailiff * at Xiniter , that the difference between having twelve men and six , to load the carts with stone and sand , which was but ten shillings a day additional , effected a saving and thereby made a profit of £ 5 a day , aa I take care to have sufficient power to load my horses while they are turning , whereas yoa will see a farmer ' s team standing for an hour or twOj'Iosiug him four or five shlllings . merely to save the expense of an additional man ' s labour . While treating of co-operation , I might have shown you a large savin ? in every other departmental building , fer which the Company wouli he gainers by paying twenty or thirty per cent , for s sufficient amount of
money to enable them to carry out the co-operative principle to its fullest extent , but I tbiak I have been suffi . ciently explicit in my details , and that their perusal will convince the greatest sceptic of their accuracy . I might have shown a saving of more than one hundred per cent , in the simple operation ef ploughing ; the hired team conaisting of a man and driver , and four horses , while two of my horses with one man will plough the stiiiest ground , and from the difference of pace will plough a quarter of an acre per day morethas his hired snails . Arsio , no mason will undertake to bclH one cottage at the same rate that ha will undertake to build fifty ; no carpenter will undertake his labour at the same price , while I venture to assert that tho difference between wholesale dealing and retail dealing in timber , would amount to ever twenty per cent , while I am allowed a discount of fifty per cent , npon all my ironmongery .
Mr O'Connor now alludes to a feature in his plan , bearing upon one of the most important and charac teristic features of the times—machinery . The great mechanical inventions of the age , a just s » urce ot pride for man , a true proof of victory ever the inert elements , ef dominion over earth ; this has been rendered the curse of the people , whereas it might be their blessing , lighten their labour , and multiply resources . Possessed by a few capitalists , it became thoir curse ; eo-operaf ion only can make it their bleasing ; and to the idle objection that an agricultural tendency on the part ofthe population would check machinery , and cripple mechanical industry , the following is a striking answer : —
* I wish it to be distinctly understood , ' says Mr O'Connor « that I am highly favourable , not only to the use of every description of machinery ( under certain conditions ) which can be made a substitute for manual labour ; bat further , that I consider the extensive employme-nt of manual labour to those agricultural operations to which machinery never can be profitably applied , as calculated to give the greatest possible impetus , aud to lead to the greatest improvement In useful machinery . I believe , for Instance , that two hundred and fifty allottees located on one thousand acres of land , would use a much larger amount of machinery than tenfermers holding ten thouiand acres of land ; and for the simple
reason , that they would discover that they could realise a larger profit by the application of machinery to some op-rations , while their manual labour might bo more be . neficially devoted to other purposes ; for instance , though Mr Mcchi ' s overgrown thrashing-machine would not repay the expense of erection , it does not follow that a thrashing machine , erected on a more economical principle and used raor < jcoatnm 3 ll y , YfOuldnotpay ; myowa Impression is , that the Small Farm System , extensively acted upon would very speedily lead to the introduction of a large amount of machinery , which would be profitable to the owner and the employer ; to the owner , because constantly employed ; and to the employer , because be would pay that exact amount for its use that he required .
Thus the value of co operation dawns more and more upon us , and it appears as the only agent by which man s tyrant can be turned into his servitor . This same principle , again , operates powerfully for the domestic comfort of the agriculturist . At present , if a man , by a lucky chance , obtains possession at an enormous rent of two or three acres of land , his cottage is generally at a great distance from the scene of his labour , since it is the plan of landlords to discourage and remove a cottier tenantry . We may here mention that Mr O'Connor has elaborately and clearly proved a leasehold sob-division of estates to ba vastly to the gain of ths landlord , and we beg our readera to pay particular attentioa to this portion of the treatise . But , to
resume—Great is the disadvantage of the farmer , whether large or small , who lives at a distance from bis labour-field . I ence undertook to convince Lord Altherp , that every man holding 1 , 000 acres of land who cultivated wheat at lha extremity of his farm , imposed upon himself a tax oi over one pound per quarter , over and above the priee at which the small farmer , whose homestead was near his labour-field , conld grow it . S * Any man wholives a mile , or oven half-a-mile from his labour-field , will not put out as muoh manure , which is the weigh tle » t agricultural work—will not draw home as
much corn , hay , or roots—with two psir of horses and four men ia the day , as the husbandman , whose homestead is in the middle of his labour-field , will perform of any of those several operations within thessme time with a whetlbarrow and a lad fourteen years of age ; while in Showery weather hij attendance w < l . not he so certain ; he musteitherbavebismealsuncimfirtably . crlosemuchtiiEe in going to his cottage to partake of them ; wliilethe man who lives upon his allotment is always free from trespass —ha ? his eye continually over bis crops , and upon his aest , and takes shel ; er fr jm a shower and advantage of
the sunshine . Now , it ia by ca-operation only that the working classes can obtain land and cottages under such advantageousci'camstances—forco-operation is the breaker down of restrictions . Again , this principle alone can develope our resources , and recreate our dormant wealth . For the contrast between a co-operative farm , and that of an ' exclusive , * we reter our renders to the graphic and striking description given by Mr O'Connor of the model farms of the aristocrat , Lord Torrington , and the mid . ' . ' e class man Mr Mechi . Having thus established the principle of co-operation , the reader will fini , in this treatise , what success has attended its application to the Land Company . Alluding to the progress cf that Company , we are told that : —
During the first year eur receipts did not reach ^ 5 , 009 . while in the seeondjear , and that portion of the past which has transpired , tbey have reached nearly £ 100 , 000—some weeks amounting to £ 5 , 000—while the receipts in the Ban -:, whieh was intended as an auxiliary to the Laud Plan , have exceeded £ 12 , 000 in the first eleven months . That :-Tho society now numbers nearly one humlred thousand heads of families , representing half a million of people ; a fact which should convince those who have been ignorant ofthe strong fraternity that exists between the members of the labour order , that tho active ' mind of theindastrious classes ef this country is now steadfastly dirjetfld toward ! the emancipation of labour . So much for the power of co-operation—now for its application : —
The Company has purchased nearly two thousand acres of lared of the best quality ; has erected on * bundrcd and sixty cottagts and three noble gchoolhouses ; and has in course of erection ninety more cottages ; and its members have a right to expect , that , between the pre « ent time and the month of May , all who have been balloted for will be located—the located members numbering between four and five buudred . Besides the sum of £ 23 000 paid f ir the purchase of land , the erection of one hundred and sixty cottages and three schoolhouses , and giving the aid-money to those occupants who have been located , there is now available cash In hand to the ame-unt of nearly £ 50 , 000 , VthUe the Company possesses fifty-seven horses , together witk a valuable stock ef agricultural implements . Mr O'Connor then describes the exact nature of tfe 9 cottages , built , the PYeparattoaa Bato for , U »
The Labourer. No. Xiv. Fbbewbt. ¦ A Trea...
omfortand security of the allottee , and feels authored , by the success of the Company ; and the soundness of its foundation , in propos- ' ns a REDUCTION OFTHE RENT to FOUR PER CENT ., instead of FIVE , as at present . For the reasons why , and the proofs of how this would operate for the profit and benefit of the Company , we refer our readers to the pages of this admirable treatise , Every member of the Land Company ought to study it , and it ought to be a household book with the public at large , as developing the great principle of co-operation , and showing the peop le the yalpe of the land and of their ewn labour .
Another proposition of vagt importanceig a fJurtuer alteration in the individual amounts of rent , throagh the medium of equalisation . Should any one be a sceptic as to the justice and expediency of this , he will cease to be so on reading the exposition of tho reasons , and the conditions under which the change is proposed , as containld in this treatise . We do not doubt but what every one will be convinced—as we have been—and ' having now alluded , at as much length as onr space allows , at the great principle developed by , and the alterations experience demands in , the Land Company , we will proceed to consider the chief ol the se means of reproduction , by which puick and entire location is to be secured . Wealivi ? the Iimoiii * ' La : * d akdLabour Bank- Mr O Connor deals firstly , nith the security ; secondly , with the advahtons offered .
• As regards the former point , we ore . not called on to credit mere assertion , but facts and figures are arrayed before us . If land is the security most sought after by speculators , we have it proved in this treatise , how the estates , purchased with the invested capital , afford far more than tho usual security for the investment — how failure ia impossible , and how the ce-operative capitalist is safe from the remotest chance of danger . Our readers will at once see , that wo should not bo doing justice to Mr O'Connor , were we to enter into details , in this our limited spaeo ; but we beg to point their attention to the means by which the B-mk ia made secure against a ' run ;'—by which its capital is constantly available ; and of the means by which t ' le Land Purchase Department is to be increased . Under this last head we receive the following gratifying intelligence :
Having sees so few contributors to the LanA Purchase Department , perhaps this pnrt of tho great whole may be looked upon slightingly . However the slig ht will be dinprlled when I announce that from this source alone I bare already realised over
TWO THOUSAND POUNDS . And I expect that this branch of our undertaking will bear good fruit for the society , cvblle it will leave a profit of more than one hundred per cent , to the contributors , because no member of the Land Purchase Department will be able to procure the same amount of Land In tho retail market at double the price that I charge for it . And here again the society has the advantage of cooperation . One ofthe moat important propositions contained in this treatise , is that of a BONUS TO DEPOSITORS IN TI 1 E BANK , on a scale unatterapted
by a ny Banking House in the world . A Bonus that would , unuer even ordinary circumstances , as illustrated by a striking illustration , increase the interest of depositors , ( whose monies should have been deposited for 12 months previously , ) to nine per cent ., and secure the Bank against the chances of a run . In two of the investments already made by the Land Company , tho Bonuses , under tho proposed arrangement , would be severally ten per cent ., and tes axd a half per CENT . We recommend tho Dispatch to study this part of the treatise , whether anxious about' security' or * interest . '
We have now alluded to the more salient points of this remarkable treatise , that we consider fie most important work that has issued from the modern press . There is no tangible otjection that bas not been met and refuted—it is the most masterly of Mr O'Connor ' s many masterly productions on this al . ' -absorbing subject;—while we will venture to assert , that even yet the great advantages accruing from his plan , are but half perceived . We recommend the reading of this treatise , by a aood reader , atevery meeting of the members of the Land Company—yes I and at the Chartist Localities too . Mr O'Connor well appreciates the necessities of the agp , and the spirit of | the . people , in the following words :
I believe in my conscience that the longer withhelding the land from its legitimate purposes will lead to a revolution which cannot be stayed by any amount of bloodshed ; while the adoption of the Small Farm System would preserve the several grades of seciety , making the rich richer and the poor rich ; and thus giving all an eqaal interest in the maintenance and preservation of those national Institutions which would then be equally protective of all ; thus making Britain indeed and in truth , tho envy and admiration of surrounding nations ; when every British soldier , atationei in his own sentry , box , in the centre of his own labour . field , would fly to the cry of ' Hy cottage is in danger' with greater alacrity than the mercenary flies to the cry that ' The con . stitution is in danger . ' . Then you may spike your guns , level your maritime defences , and laugh at the threat of the proud invader .
When protection Is not extended in return for allegiance , loyalty is but a fragile thing . Tho effects of free trade , if not qualified by prudent and necessary concessions , will weaken tha loyalty of the landlord class , whea their estates , diminished inV value , are unable to sustain a permaaent burden ; and , high-sounding and mighty as the loyalty of the church now is , take away tithes to-morrow and clerical loyalty would follow them on the next day . "What right , then , has a country to expect unconditional loyalty from those in return for whose allegiance no protection is rendered ? ¦ $ # *
Tame as political agitation has been linco the anticipation of happiness and contentment through social change has been created , 1 would warn the privileged , the monopolist , and all who live upon the depression of wages consequent upon the abstraction of the soil ofthe country from its legitimate purposes—the support and sustenance of man—that any attempt to frustrate or destroy that anticipation would lead to a state of disorder in which tha willingness to purchase would be changed into a demand for restoration ; and that it is utterly hopeless for any English minister or government longer to attempt to support an increasing idle class upon tho diminished resources of the industrious ,
We trust the people will follow his ad ? ice—and rally round their glorious Land Company , their ' truly ' National' Bank , and , by union and oreanisation , deter the envious monopolist from . any endeavour to thwart their progress .
Alnwick. —The Working Classes Of This To...
Alnwick . —The working classes of this town are suffering" severe privations on account of the scarcity of employment . The late Duke of Northumberland employed a fair number of men , but the present Duke has turned all those men adrift upon the wide world , to live as they best may or can . Some of those men are old , having spent the whole of their Jives on the late Duke ' s work ; consequently are unfit for labour of any kind , therefore , as a last resort , they must enter the workhouse , or submit to the fare given out . The workhouse is truly the social dunohill , where the aristocracy throw those who can no longer task for them . All of the working classes seera to be suffering from want of employment ; shoemakers and tailors are not half employed . We may well ask , how long will this state of things last . ? —Correspondent .
Barrhead . —Tbe friends of progress in this place ( Barrhead ) have lost one of the ablest of their advocates in the ' person of Mr John Cathic , block printer , who diedof fever ' on the 22 nd of January . It is now two years since Mr Cathie was chosen secretary for this branch of the National Land Company , and during the past year he held the office of secretary te the district committee of the National Association of United Trades . To these two associations he has been of great service . Our departed friend was conveyed to the grave by a respectable number of his friends and acquaintances ; and when they arrived at his last resting place , one who had helped him in his labours ( Mr Wingate ) delivered an excellent oraticn over his corpse , testifying to his worth as a public man , and eulogising his labours on behalf ol the people .
Loss of the Screw Steamer Aram and Five op her CRBW .-On Sunday , by the arrival at Liverpool ofthe packet-ship Susquehanna , Captain Dunlevy , from Philadelphia , intelligence was receiveo ot a serious collision between that ship and the » uxlll' \ rTscrew steamer Aram , Captain Easterby , by wnicn the latter vessel was so seriously damaged that sue sunk , and six of her crew were drowned Ihe disaster occurred on Monday evening week , at seven o ' clock , off the southeast coast of Ireland , at » ut forty miles below Tuskar . The ship , which for some days previously had been contending with strong east wind ? , was at the time of the collision atandm ? to the northward , close-hauled , with the wind about E . N . E ., andth * weather being very cloudy , prevented the steamerfrom being seen till they were in
close contact . After the vessels got clear of each other , Captain Easterby , of the Aran , finding his vessel in a very dangerous state , ordered the boats to be got out . when seventeen persons , including himself and the first and second mates uot into them , and weie shortly afterwards taken on board the Susquehanna . It was then found that six of the crew were missing . Every effort was made by Captain Dunlevy in searching for them , and , after lying to near the spot till daylight next morning , no trace ot the vessel or the poor fellows , who might have floated on spars , being visible , the ship bore away fer this pert . The Aram left the Mersey on Saturday week , bound for Malta and Constantinople , to which ports she was a regular trader . She was a superior vessel , rigged as a three-masted schooner , with auxiliary otonm nnwer . on the screw nlan . and only arrived
from the Clyde sixteen days ago , where she had been receiving new machinery . The names of the crew who hwebeen lost are as follows : —Mr Livingstone , chief engineer ; Mr Hardy , second engineer ; Robert Logan , fiieman ; J . Selsby , seaman ; — LewiS i ditto L . Quia , engmeer ' s'Jboy ,
. . Winter Wanderings ^¦ !Il E N 3 I^ 8i...
. . WINTER WANDERINGS ^¦ ! il n i ^ ? . bein wwatiTO of remarkable ot , }!? 5 t * dur a five ***» ' i ° ^ ney between the * . »«?•« is * " * and BuffiU ° - undertaken under Ttecuhar circumstances in the month of December , WILLIAM LYON MACKENZIE , TBS CA . VABMV ' BBBBL , ' F w ! - ' ^ !!? a ay ? Tr To „ roDto - an ( i member «* LegiBlav ure of Upper Canada .
( Fe / om the Toronto ( Canada ) Globe . ) { Co : yihidedfmnovtt'twttiiiui > her . ) I got a fresh horse nes * Ancaster , from an old oom . rade—a noble animal , wbr did me neelUnt servicepursued my journey in a cencessicw parallel to the Mountain Road above H , irai ?» n , . UIl I came near to s house well lighted up , and wbwe a guar * was evidently posted to qaestloo wayfarers—and , a , it then acemei Jhe safest eourso , polled down t &» worm fmttr , and tried to find my wa , through the Mhbreok aw * Stanford Woods , a hard task in daylight , ittt far www in the dark .
For several weary hours did I toli ' th ' rough tiw primeval forest , leading ray horse , and ur . able to get oat or findspa . h The barking of a dog caught n * v when near daylight to a solitary cottage , and'its inhabit , a n . grn , punted out to m « T . venty . MHe oreek , wlrare it was fordable . Before I had ridden a mile , Veannrtoa small hamlet , which I had not known fcefore—entered a house , and , to my surprise , was instantly called ij n ^ , l ' , ^ ° » I "ally hesitated town ; not a * all liaiog the manner of him who had acWaseed ir . tr , though I now know that all was wull Intended !
Quite carelesel y , tb appearance , I remounted my horse ' and rode off very leisurely—but turned the first angle and then galloped on . turned sgaio , and gallsped stflll faster . At aoujc ten miles distance , perhaps-, a farm newly cleared , aud sitaited in a by-plaee , seemed * a safe haven . I entered the house , called for br » afcfs « t , and found In the « wner a stout Hibernian farmer ,, aa Orangeman from the north of Ireland , with a wHi and five fine curley-headid children . TSe ream of a Bal ! - anoe marked 'Charles Waters , maker , ' had been bung up in a conspicuous place , and I soon ascertained that said Charles resided in Montreal , and that my enteutainer was his brother .
I toils breakfast very ranch at my leisure , saw tny horse watered , and fed with oats in the sheaf , aud them asked Mr Waters to ba so kind as to put me iu tbe way to the Mountain-road , opposite Stoney-creek , whick be agreed to do , but evi iently with tbe utmost reluctance . After we had travelled about a quarter of a milo la the woods , ho turned roun'I at a right angle ; and said that was the way . ' Not to tbe road , ' said I . 'No , but to MrMcIntyre , the magistrate , ' said he . Htre we came to a full stop . He was stout and burlcy ; I , small' and slight made .
I soon found that he had not even dreamed of me aa a rebel ; his leading ides , was , that I had a habit ef borrowing other men ' s horses without their express leavein other wards , that I was n horse-thief . Horses had been stolen , and he on ' y did his duty by carrying a deubtfulosse btfore the nearest justice , whom I inferred to be one of McNab ' s cronies , as he was a now man of whom I bad never before heard , though a freeholder of that district , and long and intimately acquainted with its affairs . This was a raai puzzle . Should I tell Waters who I was , it was ten to one but he would seize mo for tbe heavy reward , or out of mere party zeal or prejudice . It I went before his neighbour , the new-made justice , he would doubtless know and detain me on a charge of high treason . I asked Mr Waters to explain .
He said that I hid come , in great baste , to his house , on a December Sunday morning , though it was on no public road , with my clothes torn , my face badly scratched , and my horse all in a foam , that I had refused to say who I was or where I came from , had paid him a dollar for a very humble breakfast , been in baste to leave , and was riding one of the finest horses in Canada , making at the same time for tbe frontier by the most unfrequented paths , and that many horses had been recently borrowed . My manner , he admitted , did not indicate anything wrong , but why did I studioudy conceal my name and business ? And if all was right with me , what had I to fear from a visit to tho house of the nearest magistrate 9 On the Tuesday night in the suburbs of Toronto , when a needless panic bed seized both parties , Sheriff Jarvls Mt bis horse in his haste—it was one of the best
in Canada , & beautiful animal—aud I rode him til ! Thursday , wearing the cap of J . Latimer , one of ray young moB , my hat having been knocked off in a sklr « raish in which one or two ef our men were shot . This bonnet-rouge , mj torn , home-spun , sorry slippers , weary gait and unshaven beard , were assuredly not much in keeping with tbe charger I was riding , and I had un fortunately given no reply whatever to several of his and and his good wife ' e home questions . My chance ti » bo triud and condemned in the hall where I had often sat in judgment upon others , and taken a share In tbe shapeless drudgery of colonial legislation , waa now seemingly very good—but I did not quite despair
The escape from Waters in that dense forest was entirely hopeless—to blow out his brains , and him acting quite conscientiously , with his fivo pretty children at home awaiiiug hU early rsturn , I could h » vo done it with ease , as far as opportunity went , tor he evidently had nn suspicion of that , and my piatel was now loaded and sure fire . Captain Powell , when my prisoner ten days before , and in no personal danger , had shot the brave Gapt . Anderson dead , and thus left eight children fatherless . No matter ; I could not do It , come what might ; so I held a parley with my detainer , talked to him about religion , and tbe civil broils , Mackenzie , party spirit and DrStraohanj and found to my great surprise aud real delightthat , though averse to the obj . ct ofthe revolt , he spoke of myself in terms of good will . Mr McCabe , hia next door neighbeur , had lived near me in 1823 , at Q leenston , and had spoken so well of myself andfamlly to him as to have interested hira , though he had not met me before .
'I am an old magistrate , ' said I 'but at present In a situation of some difficulty . If I can satisfy jou as t ¦ who I am and why I am here , would you desire to gain the price of any man ' s blood V Ho seemed to shudder at the vtry idea of such a thing . I then administered an oath to him , find with more solemnity than I had ever done the like when acting judicially . ] he holding up his right hand as we Irish and Scottish Presbyterians usually do . When ho had ascertained my name , which I showed him on my watch and seals , in my pocket book and on
my linen , be expressed real sorrow on account of tbe dargoraus situation in which I stood , pledged himself te keep silence for twenty-four hours , as I requested ; directed TOO how to get into the msin road , and feelingly urged me to accept his personal guidance to the frontier . Farmer Waters had none of the Judas blood In his veins , that's certain . His innate sense ef right led him at once to the just conclusion to do to his fellow creature as he would be done by . I perceived from hiremarhs , that be had previously associated with nay name the idea of a much larger and stouter man than 1
am _ , When I was fairly out of danger he told tbe whole story to bis neighbours—it was repeated and spread all over—ho was soonseiz . d and taken to Hamilton , and there ' thrown into prison , but afterwards released . Sometimes I venture to indulge a hope that tho iron rule I once contended agninst is quietly passing a ivay ; and tha her Majesty will , one of these days , allow me tho hnih gratification , of which I should asiuredly avail my « e'f , of taking one other breakfast with Parmer Water < and shaking hands with bis family . Wo wouldn't say a word upon politics—no ); . a word .
When I was passing the house of two men , Kerr and Sldey , who were getting ready , I supposed , to go to church , I asked some question as to the road , again crossed the Twenty Mde Creek , and at length ro-entertd the mountain path , a little below where a military guard was then stationed . While in sight of this guard , I moved on very slowly , as if going to meuting , but afterwords used the rowela to some advantage in the way of propellers . Some persons whom I passed on tbe road I knew , and some I didn ' t . Many whom I met evidently Uncwme , and well was it for me that day that I had a good name . I could have been arrested fifty times beoro I reached Smithvilla , had tho governor ' s person and proclamation been generally respected . # * # * [ A portion of the newspaper ( from which we copy this account ) is here illegible . ]
I turned short towards St Catherine ' s , when I got to Smithville , and Boomed to have taken that road down bill at full speed . Imtead of doing so , however , I turned a corner , put my horse very quickly in tho stable of a friendly Canadian , whose sire was a United Empire Loyalist , entered his hospitable abode , he being still at church , beheld my pursuers interrogate a woman who bad seen me pass , and then ride furiously onward by tbe St Catherine ' s Road , and then went quietly to bed , and rested for some four hours , had a comfortable supper with the family , and whnt clothes I required . A truity companlon was also ready t % mount his horse and accompany me tbe last forty miles , to Buffalo , should that attempt prove practicable .
Samuel Chandler , a waggon-maker , resided in the Western States , but I Jo not know where . He was fortyeight years of age when he volunteered , without fee or reward , to see me safe to Buffalo—hud a wife and eleven children , ana resided in Chippawa . He is a native of Enfii-ld , Sonn ., and had no connexion whatever with the civil broils of the Canadians ; but when told . in strict confidence , of the risk I ran , he preferred to hazard transportation , or loss of life , by aiding my escape , to accepting the freehold of 8 , 000 acres of laud which would have been the reward of my betrayers .
Other circumstances afterwards excited his feelings , and ho joined the party takes at the Short Hills , of whom Linus W . Miller , John Grant , John Vernon , himself and others were tried before Judge Jones , at Niagara , sen . tencid to suffer death , but banished to Van Diemen ' s Innd . Chandler soon escaped in a "eankeo whaler , , nil * d round the world , and when he reached New York , on his return to his family [< ftor 1 bad got out of Rochester prison , ] I was in no condition to aid him , which I very unavailingly regretted . A more trusty , faithful , brotherly-minded man I have never met with ; may heaven reward Lord Durham ' s family for saving his life . Vfhy is it that mean and greedy knaves roll iu wealth and affluence , while whole-souled n 9 blos of Nature , like Samuel Chandler , who would disdain , a
. . Winter Wanderings ^¦ !Il E N 3 I^ 8i...
dishonest action , have to toil on their weary way through the journey of life ! It was about eight o ' clock on Sunday nipht , when Chandler and I left Smithville . We turned our horses ' heads towards Buffalo , crossed the Twenty , ventured t j take a comfertable supper with n frlei . d . whose house was oa our way , crossed the Welland Canal and the Chippawa river , steering cl . « ar of the officials in arms in these parts , and got safe into Crewlnad before daylight . We soon awoke Mr C , left onr horses in hia pasture , and he immediately accompanied us on our way to tbe XJagaru river on foot .
On inquiry , he fonnd tfhat all tho boats on the river ( jsiospMrboSe oi the ferries , which were we ) l guarded , ) had been ffciawl and taken core ef by the officers of go « mm » n » . » - 'J 9 ) jBro was bnfi one exception . Capteln Mcfifoo , « i Bertie , who resided on the banks of the Niagt «» v opposite tbe head of Grand Island , waa be . lle > ed « 9 have kept one of Ms boats locked up be : > id 6 his carnages . I hrsiiated not & moment in advising Mr —— , to & tar > the difficulty J woe in to him , In case he had a Vent , for , although he h © d bad ne knowledge of , or belief and participation ja , the outbreak , yet he was well knoTttifcv be a strictl y uprljrlvt man , benevolent , not covetous , a member of the Methodist Episcopal Churen very religiauo- , and in all he sa 5 d or did , very sincere .
The brother * 3 ) e Witt are censured for giving up te > Churl , s II . (¦/&& had been himself a-faKitire ) , and to e cruel dealti , three-of his father's judges ; and the poor and gallant Scotch Hi ghlanders ; whora a mammoth brlbo of £ 30 , 039 ' could net tempt to- betray the heir to tho Crown , when , a wandering fugiiirtHn'tbe nativeland of his royal ancestor * , are held in honour . The Irish peasants whorefbtrofl to give up Lord 33 war < 8 Fitzgerald to his country ' s oppressors , for gold—the poor sailors nho enabled ArohiberM Hamilton Rovf & nto'oscapefrom Ireland and an untimely fate , with tho- proclaimed reward on a handbillllm their boat , and' the three bold jBurljshmefl who soTOd the life of the doomed Labedtoyere , have the merited applause of an admiring world . A ? o those noble citiz ' -iao of Upper and 2 ower Canada , whom wealth could not tempt to give np ,- nor danger deter from aiding and oaving their fellow men , though many of them were opposed to them in politics , and at a time of the strongest political excitement—ava thoy fcssdesetvlngof tho meed ^ f public approbotien ?'
Mr Samuel M'Afee is now over sixty years of ) age , and , I think , he is of the Now-Hampshirp family of that n « OB , who played their part like men in J ! OTi Our movement had proved a fsliare , and he knew it . He was wealthy—had a large-family—and risked everything by assisting me , jet he didi aot hesitate » rno , not * von for a moment . A * well as I can now remember . It was about nln & on Monday morning when X reached hie farm—which was one of the finest on tho river—an excellent breaisfast had been prepared for us , and I was much fatigued ; and also-hungry . But there wa * a military patrol on ' the river , and before sitting down to a repast , I thought it ssfa to step out and see if tho const tvas clear . Well for n > e it was that I did so . © Id Col , K- rby , the 0 Ustom-house offictr , opposite Black Rock , and his troop of mounted dragoons , iu their green uniforms , and with their carbines ready , were so does upon us . riding up'by the bank of the river , that had II not then observed their approach they would have caught me at breakfast . <
Niua men out of ten , in such an emergency , wouldhave hesitated to assist me , and ! te escape by land wao > . at that time , evidently impossible . Mr M ' Afae lost no * a moment—bis boat nas hauled across tbe roud , an * launched in the stream nith all pessible speed—and ba and Chandler and I were scarcely afloat In it , and ou * a little way below the bank , when tho old Tory colonel ,, and his green-coated troop of horn , with their waving plumes , were parading in front of his ( Mr JI'Afee ' sJi dwelling . How we escaped here is to me almost a miracle . I bad resided long in the district , and was known by
everybody . A boat was in the river , against official orders . It v / as near the shore , and the carbines of the military , controlled by the collector , would have compelled us to return , or have killed ssfor disobedience , Ths Colonel assuredly did not see us , that was evident ; he turned round at the moment to talk to Mm M . and her daughters , who were standing in the parterre in front of their house , full of anxiety on our account . But of his companions not a few must have seen tbe whole movement , and yet we were allowed to steer for the head of Grand Island with all tbe expedition in our power , without interruption , nor was- there a whisper said about tho matter for many months thereafter .
In an hour we were safe on the American shore ; and that nig ht I slept andtr the venerable Col . Chapin ' shospitable roof , with a volunteer guard . The excitement which then prevailed in Buffalo baffl s my powers of description . My opinion as to what should be done was asked by many , but was not followed , I was for crossing at once to the Canada side with plenty of arms , but this was overruled by those who know less of the people . Navy Island was tben selected as a ren . dezvous , and I was one of twenty . six who took possession of it . After the waste of time there , and its evacuation , I again counselled an immediate crossing near Buffale , which Mr Van Rensselatr , as he has stated , successfully opposed . I am heartily glad that we failed .
Having known , by painful experience , what It is to be a fugitive end a wanderer , seeking shelter from the enmity of those who thirsted for mj life ' s blood , God forbid that I should ever again be a party to , or the advocate of , any change that would deprive the unhappy African race of the only city of refuge that is left them from the vengeance of their cruel oppressors on the North American continent , and disturb the tranquillity of the Old and New Worlds , to extend tho dominion and power of thearistoraticslaveholder , under the plausible appearance of increasing ' the area of freedom . '
The Southern States—and they form the governing section of the Union , are filled with feudal barons , who hold the Boil in perpetuity . Tho native-born labourer and his unhappy offspring are thfir slaves ! In Britain and Ireland we find twenty-seven millions of people , not one man in several hundred of whom owns a foot of the soil in tbe land of his nativity ! A person born in the United Kingdom finds himself on a social and polltlcal equality , at least , with other colonists , the moment he reaches Cansda . He ie not brand . d as a' foreigner . But , un ortunately , the Canadian has no share in the control of national affairs . He is a mere colonist .
In the Western and Northern states Europeans are , os a class , distrusted in politics , and kept perpetually in the back-ground . Their birth ploces prove a perpetual injury to them . By the Btateand Federal Constitutions they are declared to owe a double and most inconsistent a'legiance , and a numerous and not unpopular party are most anxious to place them on a far lower p latform than < wen that which they now occupy . In the Republic they number , like tbe Africans , more than three millions . My wish would be to see a home provided for the European immigrant on this Northern Continent , in whieh without being lefluced to the equivocal t mpnrary condition of a mere colonis ' , he would find himself p laced on an equality with his native neighbours , and never find the place of his childhood and the memory cf
hU earlier years a bur to his success in life , or political 8 'id social enjoyments . \ Long after . ' my eacspe to this side , tbe gallant Colonel Lount was enabled to reach the frontier , but with very great difficulty . A boat was either obtained from this side or built , but the ice above Buffalo obstructed its passage . He was soon recognised by some soulless wretch of tho house of Iscariot , who got tho 2 , 000 dollars from Sir Prancis Head . Sir George Arthur soon after ordered my much injured comrade for execution at Toronto , with Captain Matthews . Thirty thousand signatures for pardon , or a milder punishment , to the venerable legislator , were , as lord Durham tells us , quite unavailing—he suffered a painful and an ignomi . ni up death .
Mr M'Afee has sold his farm in Canada and purchased a property at Bellefount , Stevenson County , Illinois , where his family now reside , I wrote to him last month , inquiring if I might namo him in the narrative , and ho hnd no objection . In lis letter to me of the 15 Sh ult ., he fays;—• The breakfast begun and not finished In December , 1837 , we wish you would come to Illinois and finish . We will give jou chicken Giens—prairie chickens , and sweet potatoes . Several Tories were vicious eneugh in those times to take my life . Old Colonel Kyrby took
every means in his power to annoy me . Is it not strange that neither ha nor any of hia troop that were in plain sight of us saw us or tho boat ? There seems to have been something providential in that . Had it been discovered at the time that I took you over , it would , in all probability , have ruined me , I afterwards saved his ( Col . K . ' s ) building from the torch of incendiarism and himself from assassination . A plot bad been laid to burn all the buildings of the Tories on the lines . I heard of it , and exerted successfully nn Influence which I possessed to prevent its being carried into effect . Thus it was that I repaid their ill-Bill . '
Ai for as J know , I am tho only person who was re . sident in Upper Canada when the civil dissensions broke out inti acts of open violence ten yours ago , who must not re-enter any part of the British dominions . This exception is not owing to any act of mine , unconnected with the political strife of that period ; for on tho appearance of Sir R . Bonnyeaatle ' s book , I distinctly Offered , by letter , addressed to Mr Secretary Stanley , to go at onco over to Teronto , and stand trial on any charge that had besn made by Governor Head ( in his demand made for me upon MrMnrcy ) , or that might bo made by any other person , relative to the part I took in the death of Colonel Moodie , & c no matter who mig ht be the juCge or jurors .
Neither is it owing to a neglect on my part , or on the pnrt of otbe ? s on my behalf , to apply for a reversal o £ the outlawry , that I am thus made an exception , nor to any belief on the part of tbe British Government that I am friendly to a renewal of ihe trouiles . Purhaps my continued asseveration that ihe British and Colonial governments were , both directly and indirectly , fill as much to MewiO as those of v . $ who rose in op ^ os'ta , is a
cause . I think so still , and that an impartial history of the last twenty years wnld more than prove tl . But there woald ba folly in rousing a feeling here against England , to be used by the agents of our southern slaveholders in aid of their detestable warfare againefc kbe independence of the Republic of Mexico . Now York , Sept . 15 , 1817 . W . L . M .
The Concilium Generate Of The University...
The concilium generate of the university of Ko nigsberg has declared itself in favour of the admis sion of Jews to profeBsowhijs in i ! is i '^ ssiaa umvor sities ,
Death Of George Binns, The Sunderland Ch...
DEATH OF GEORGE BINNS , THE SUNDERLAND CHARTIST , ( From a Correspondent ) Probably you have beard that George Binns is dead . Notices of his decease have appeared iu the papers of this locality , all written in terms of n-spsct for his m-n . ory , and of esteem for his talents . From the active and noted part which he took inthepeople ' scaus .-, beb caiwa personally known to many of the readers of tfce Stab , and admired by thousands who heard of him tbri ' U >; h its pages . It ia , therefore , probable you will feel dhpostd to inserts notice of bis at & tb .
Mr Bians was a Dative of Sundtrland , one of a family of sixteoa children , members ef the Society of FriundSi His father was a draper , in on extensive line of buuine ^ , and was much esteemed in this town for bis intelligence , intogrity . and usefulness In local affairs , particularly ia all movemests of a benevolent cbaracUr . His mother , too , wae a moat excellent woman , ifr G . Binns was hiflt- » self brought up to the drapery buiiness with bis father , but left it nbont 1837 , when he was between twenty-oae and tweatjr-tw * years of age , and entered into partnership 1 with Mr Willlums , in the newspaper and bookselling business . Previews to quitting the drapery busines " , he had taken a very active part in tbe promotion ofthe temperance cause , and bad engaged iu several publicmeetings of a political character , in which he early
proved himsslf possessed of a high talent as a speaker , and his entljosJaBtie nature made hira most popular wherever he appeared . About this time Mr Binns lost both bis parent » and the management of thebusiness fsr . the maintenance of tbe younger members of tha fauily , devolved apon him j but . as his inclinations were for public life , the- trusters < at the family property wera dissatisfied with h * attention to the business he had 5 a charge , end , therufbre , he quitted it , as stated , to join Mr Williams . From 1887 * to 18 W , hs was incessantly en-. ' Bjjed'Jn the advancement of his views of politieal and ) sociaSreform . He joined the Chartist body at the earliest period , and 7 emained in connexion with them until he quitted England for New Zialand , In 1812 . In July , 13 SS ) he was arrested ot Sundurland , alons with Mr
Williamsj . on a charKC-oPffudition . j . appoiired , in answer to the churge ,. at the following Durhstn assizes , when his trial wae postponed , and he was liberated on heavy bail . His trial ultimately came on in August , 1840 , befora Judge Coltmanj when tbe usual verdict of guilty was found , and'he was sentenced to six months imprisonment in Sbrbam prl » on . Comparativel y speaking , be > had not to-complain of the-privations which others bao > to suffsr at that tiino . in ether prisons , for similar alleged off * nc « s . He was treated , in fary respect—as were hiefellow prisoners ; Mi- Williams and Mr Byrne , of New-Castle— with the greatest liberality . jn January , 1841 , he was liberatod ( . when he was honoured with a triumphal entry into hls-native tewn , thousands upon thousande
taking that means of testifying tbelr esteem for his character , and their disapproval ofthe unjustifiable proseoutlon which had been got up-against him . Shortly after his liberation , he re-entered tho drapery business , joining a Mr . fbbn KilvintoB , who was established ia businesshimselfat the time . This-nas a most unfortunate connexion . From the conduct of his partner he became involved indebt . No longer able to feel that self-respect which' he prized so highly , he resolved to emigrate , and endeavour , by care , industry , and enter * prise , to save as muoh as would enable him to return to Sngland , pay all whom he owed , and resume azain that career of public usefulness iu which he had acted so distinguished a part ..
Shortly after his arrival la New Zealand , he became assiitaat to a Mr Jkmes Wil i-ims , merchant and ship * owner of Port N nl « on ,. for whom be superintended & whale fishing establishment . With this gentleman he continued doing well until the disturbances with the natives took place , when the affairs of his master became involved , and that ptraon left the colony , Mr Binns sustaining a considerable loss by him . This new reverse of fortune , intorfvricg as- it did with Sir Sinus ' s ardent hopes of return to his-native country , produced a Bftleffoct upon bis spirits , and probably strongly contributed to cause a severe eold , caught about that time , to beepmefrxed , and to terminate , as it did , in consumption , , H ^ di « d after an illnees-ef upwards of three years .
I omitted to mention that when in orison he composed a small poem— 'The Doom of Toil . ' It was highly popular , and had a large sale . Of his talents ass speaker and writer , you are as well able to judge as myself . I will only add what J " , from most intimate know-?« % « of him , can best say , that ha was a thoroughly traa » hearted man . He inspired all who-knswhim with sentiments of warm attachment , and his death has Iod to expressions of regret and sympathy from men of all ranks and of all opinions In this town . [ We must express onr sincere regret to learn the me * lancholy intelligence conveyed in the above communication . Ws nell remember George Binns as a handsome , high-spirited , talented , true-hearted man—every inch a Democrat . Poer fellow , ' After life ' s Stful feverhe sleeps well . '
The poem— ' The Doom of Toil , ' we do not remember tohaveseea . The lines given btlow have once before appeared in the Stub , but they will h » ax re-publication . As the last address of the deceased patriot to his native land , tbey will possess a melancholy iuterest to those who knew him personally or by report . Thanks to our cor » respondent for enabling U 4 to pay this last tribute of respect to a man whom we always admired , ] LINE 3 BY MR GEORGE BINNS . Written on board ef the ' Bombay , ' on her passage to New Z-salanel . Ausust . 1312 .
Away, Away, Away! And Spread Thy Sunny S...
Away , away , away ! And spread thy sunny sails , Tbe rising sun of day Has woke the swelling gales ; The land wo ' ve left behind Has vanished like a dream , The ties that one ? could bind Lie broken on tbe stream . Splendid halls of learning , Dazzlinj many an eye ; Lamps of wisdom burning , Lighting up her sky . Gems of rainbow s'ory Gilding England ' s crown , Themes of future glory
And fabulous renown ;—All and every wonder Her glory and her might , Loom like clouds of thunder Upon my troubled sight . Sail on ! we will not shrink , Though ocean bo our grave , Though our requiem as we sink B ) the murmur of its wave . For beside tbe splendid balls Of base oppression ' s pride , U . v memory recalls The ruin by their si- ' e ; The soldier who was slain At tho shrine of human lust , The weeping widow ' s claim Oft trnmpltd in the dust ; The tiller of the soil
Upon whose cheek appears . From unrequited toil , Deep channels of his tears ; The drops of blood that stream From the wearied limb , Yet fiil withal to gain A harvest-homo for him . Away ! my bark , away \ Where nothing palls the sight , Mid sunny things of day And silent things of night ; "Whtre , on tho buruwhed wav « That kisses yonder sky , Thegoldensun doth bathe Its beauty from mine eye , — Where stars , at evening ' s gloom Emit tkeir shining light And yon unclouded moon
Hulf eiiasetfi back the night ; Where daring sea birds fly Along the billows' path , Or , mounting to tha sky , Look klonn upon their wrath ; Where none like me ore sad—No eye conceals the tear , "Where human V carta are gUd And happy faces cheer . Away ! brave ship in pride , Aud cleave the stormy flood , Whs . ro sleep b- neath its tide The noble and the good , Bear , bear nn to a land ,
Where hirelings cannot land The law-protected band Of rudamaraudii g fraud ; Where Heaven ' s blessings sweep Tbe uoiwrs . il main . And millions do not weep To feed a robber ' s gain ; Where Famine ' s iron maw Ne er bu rits to the grave , Ne er crushes ' neath its law , Ne ' er buries ' neath its wave . Blow ! all ye breezos , blow ! Roll ! all ye waters , roll ! What matter though wo go To Indus or the Polo ! Press on ! press on , my bark ! Though mountain billows rise , Though starless nights are dark
And tempests Iaeh the skies ; "We'd better hear the thunder And see the lightning ' s flash , — Our shrouds be rent asunder , ^ Our timbers creak and cras . v—Than see tho storm of feeling 'Gainst tyranny rebound , Or mark the moth r kneelm ? , Her famished children round , — Than find amWst the ftw , With p louty at command , No spirit 0 * "n and true , To save my native land .
Tlnrine" The Year 1817, There Entered Th...
Tlnrine" the year 1817 , there entered the public Blnughteihonsesof Paris , 82 510 ox . n , 21 , 090 COWS , fS , 377 caWea , , 503 , 113 sheep , 239 goats .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 5, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_05021848/page/3/
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