On this page
- Departments (3)
- Adverts (2)
-
Text (12)
-
tion would have returned to their allegi...
-
33nrtl-n pwttg
-
THE MARCH OF INTELLECT, nr Robert M'Quee...
-
iUDicto*
-
THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW OF BRITISH AND FOR...
-
The. Operatives Free Press. Conducted by...
-
THE MINER'S DOOM. (From a Poetical Colle...
-
Dr. Kixo, late medical officer to the la...
-
SUNSHINE AND SHADOW; A TAZiB OF THE NINE...
-
VavitM*.
-
Tiik Cheap Dinner.—In 1812, a traveller ...
-
The Seed-bed of Crime.—" Thousands ohds ...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Tion Would Have Returned To Their Allegi...
October 6 . 1849 . ^^ . . . ' THE NORTHERN STl ¥ : ~ ' : ¦ " ' ' ¦ ' » 1 " ^^^^^ - ' ' . . " ¦ " ¦¦ '" ¦ ' . '""" , „ ¦ ¦ ' ! , v . j , , ' ¦ !„ ' ¦¦ ¦ . ¦ . ' , ' . I . V . , '„„ ¦ .,,. ' ¦ ¦¦ " : ''"n . ' . ' - ., ¦ „ ,. i ' . ' 1 SSS
33nrtl-N Pwttg
33 nrtl-n pwttg
The March Of Intellect, Nr Robert M'Quee...
THE MARCH OF INTELLECT , nr Robert M'Queex . ( From the Democratic Review . ) It came—and its step was light as the breath , Of the gentlest zephyr that fawns on the ev ' n—It came with a stillness as silent as death , JJut it breathed a benignity soothing as heaven ; It started—it gaz'd as by stealth , far abroad , at mark'd the deep bondage of vassaliz'd man , U shrunk and recoiTd , and it marvell'd if God Had sketch'dsuch a doom in the primitive plan . It came—there were whisa ' rings abroad on the earth , Peep muttet'd , too deep in a mystified tone , frowns , curses , and threats were heard issuis * forth , °
And tortures and shackles were forging anon ; It smil'd on the fetters—it triumph'd Si scorn , It spurn'd the frail arm rear'd only to bind , Its march-h ymn afar on the echoes was borne , Proclaiming the hast ' ning redemption of mind ! It comes—and its whispers to thunders have grown—All nature elastic bends under its tread ; O ' er ocean and earth its fire-chariots have sown , And the lip of the mi ghty is quivering with dread ; ° Con-option , convuls'd , sees her nostrums turn weak , And nods to O ppression in speechless despair , -As tbe engines roll on , that shall speedily break The chains they had destin'd the millions to
wear . It well come , and the great ones of earth shall turn pale ; The yoke of the bondsman , enfeebled , shall shake ; All tyrants shall join in one desolate wail . And empires' foundations will tremble and quake : Thrones shall crash , and the sceptre , he-clotted withblood , Will shiver to shreds in the hands of its lord , And a voice , fierce and awful , will echo aloud , That" Fbeedom , the Bisihbighi of Mas , is Resiobed . ' '
SONNET TO BYRON . Despite the snarling critics of thy day , Despite of slander since thy race was run , ¦ Thy name , oh ! Byron , will remain for aye , And shine resplendent as the noontide sun . The meed of fame full fairly hast thou won , -And every clime shall feel thy magic pen ; And as the fleeting years their courses run , Thy name increase in glory amongst men . Toll high thou soar'd above the bigot ' s ken ; Bravely thou dared oppose despotic power : For this thou ' rt bated , bearded in their den , Oppression ' s wolves upon thee grimly lower . 2 * o critic spleen , nor priestly hate , can mar The poet ' s fame—it lives alike through peace and war . Mddlesbro ' -on-Tees . George Tweddell .
Iudicto*
iUDicto *
The Democratic Review Of British And For...
THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW OF BRITISH AND FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , AND LITERATURE Edited hy Gr . Julian Harney . No . V . October . London : E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wineoffice-courfc , Fleet-street . Ax important historical document , ¦ which , \ rill lereafter he consulted b y the Historian , Appears in this somber of the Democratic Review . The article—which is from the pen
<) f the celebrated Victor Considebant , one of the proscribed members of the French National Assembly—is an elaborate review of ihe famous " Thirteenti of June " thememojrahle day on which Terror triumphed over Ri ght , and Ledktj Rotny , and his devoted compatriots , were driven into exile . Having described the "State of the Revolution , " Coxsioekaxx next explains the " Usurpation and Violation of the Constitution ; " and thus forcibl y denounces the
JBACTICmU , WAR AGilKST THE ROMAS REPUBLIC . This impious war of the parent Republic against -the noble Republic of Rome , which historically , and -withina year ' s time , will be none the less its eldest daughter in Europe—it is treachery to the Democratic cause—it is surrendering the Herniation into ihe hands of Kings—it is a sacrilegious coalition , ¦ cemented by tbe blood of our brave soldiers , with the Austrians and tbe Cossacks , with Aristocracies and Monarchies , against the People .
History—which will make this act void—will brand it as it will brand those who have accomplished at ; as it will brand those who have suffered it . It will pronounce that after eighteen years of subterranean policy and anti-revolutionary efforts to creep into the party of kings , M . Guizot , in sending his -clandestine armies to fie Sondermmd , in 1848 , was still at a great distance behind the hero of Strasburg and Boulogne , the former Roman revolutionist and the bombardier of Rome in 1819 . And , in 1847 , Guizot , Louis Philippe , and their advocates , bad not before them the articles V . and LV . of a Democratic
and Republican Constitution . The -European Revolution betrayed—tbe People yielded np to the Kings and their executioners—the national sovereignty usurped from the Assembly by an adventurer—toe constitution violated and degraded after six months of insolent provocation by ihe Executive and his satellites , and five months of weakness—to say the least—on the part of the Constituent Assembly ; this is what the restoration of the Bourgeoisie Oligarchy to power , and its shameful alliance with tbe sons of the emigrants , the Jesuits , and the Cossacks have done for France .
Coxsiuerant . next details the course he proposed to the Mountain , to take "For the Defence of the Constitution . " With the fol lowin g sentiments wemost cordially concur : —
THE CONSTITUTION ASD " THE ilAlOBlTY . " If the majorities are omnipotent , sacred , holy ; if their will makes right , if their vote legitimates everything , justifies everything , of what use is the Constitution ? But no : the Constitution is the fundamental compact , tbe arch of principle * , theinviolable guarantee of minorities , of tbe rights of all . The Constitution , in its spirits and principles , is tbe key-store of the -arch , the law of laws , tbe condition on which citizens submit to secondary lawsf > on which minorities ac-• cept the government of majorities .
If tbe Constitution is violated by those who are entrusted with its protection ^ there is no longer any legal government If majorities , in trampling it under foot , trample under foot the guarantees of minorities and the rights of all , their right perishes , their authority is destroyed . They , themselves , break in pieces , as far as they are concerned , all Judicial obligations . The people , every fraction of the people , every individual falls back on his original liberty . The conscience of each becomes tbe sole rule of his duty ; and the violators of the Constitution , preserving a power which they possess only on the condition of the Constitution , are merely a fraction of the people— that is , a tyrannical faction .
Co > 'sn > EKAKi ' s accormtofthe / 'Afiarr at the Conservatory , " differs most widel y fiom the ly ing and calumnious reports published at the time in the journals , French and English . Replying to the calumniators and scoffers , he says : — Their lying narrations , their grotesque bulletins , the factious rage , tbeassanltsand thesarcasmswhich they scatter , as if from overflowing hands , since their victory of Force over unresisting Right , prove how ranchit embarrasses them . In fact , to be obliged to involve Right and the Constitution when they have trampled them under foot , to be constrained to wear the mantle of hypocrisy , after such gaps have heeu tora therein that aU the world can see through , most be painful even to those Used to it .
Here is my reply to their fury and their insults ; it is short , but let them seek to escape it : — EitJicr our descent into ike street . was a pacific manifestation or it v : as not : if it was pacific , cease tiour furu . If it was an insurrection , ceaseyovr insults , for MVtf oeforc , in our times , have political chiefs , legislators , ohn seen to descend publicly into tlte street bkfobk IHE VICTORY TO GIVE , THEMSELVES , THE SIGNAL OF THE COMBAT . . .
As for mysdf , when I went , wearing my scarf , to take that place at the head of a manifestation where my duty , as a representative chosen by the city of Paris , most imperatively called me , I knew that we would be treated as factions men by the government , and tbe majority . For them the violated Convtitn tion—the will of a sovereign Assembly scornedflagrant nsarpation—aU , are nothing . But to defend the Constitution by a peaceful protestation of tbe National Gnird , and of faithful Representatives , fhat h frightful and criminal .
It is not the ltsstrue . I repeat , that an Executive Government , and a majority , both violators of the Constitution from which they derive their authority , are nothing but a very small fraction of the people possessing an usurped and tyrannical power ; and if all those who wish tbat the Constitution should be respected , and , like us , regard it as violated , bad done thetrduty on the 13 th , as we did , that small fraction of the people in revolt against the Constitu-
The Democratic Review Of British And For...
tion would have returned to their allegiance on the Uth or else would hare been deposed in fact as in The entire article occupies some sixteen pages rf tte JtowL We can make room only for the Mowing additional paragraph - fel ? n e i ° ly C ? USe - wiUsoon tr ' mm Ph- 1 have never Wr fX ^ r * ? Uh « certitude , calmer H ™ - . Tl » e universal deliverance of the feSft 2 rt ' ?™ ^ s of the hour have ? « e *?? awards tion would have retarngd tn » t . ot . mu-: . .. T
Sw S ^ JJ" «»>* , egotists gther than fl ^^^^ ETS 8 Xp . v ttam 3 , an « l a »* of conciliation will follow u , ot this we Phalansterians can assure each other . Ihe less blind , while they calumniateus ; feel already inattuey must adopt and realise our idea * , or else « l ? y ??? * $ h 7 e hare & ained ground even since the I birteenth of June . They think they are taking trom us our ideas ; it isonr ideas that take them , lhey are the only active aud lasting forces . Let our adversaries use them j we can wish them nothing more salutary .
An excellent article b y " One of * the Men of the Future , '" is devoted to the "Peace Congress , and Democratic Progress . " From the continuation of the Letters of " Terrigenous , " we take the following : —
HOW THE LAND CAME TO BB APPROPRIATED . m " One tells us that when mankind suffered a particular person to occupy a piece of ground , they by tacit consent , hbiiaqujshed their Right to ir ; and as the piece of ground , they say , belonged to mankind collectively , and mank i nd thus gave tip their right to the first peaceable occupier it thenceforward became his property , and no one afterwards had a right to molest him 1 ! " * "Fine notions truly!—so very generous—so very honest—and above all so very just > The high tone of morality and honesty pervading this " account " of one of the "best writers" on the subject—the great moral lesson inculcated in each sentence—is so very excessive— = o very , very extraordinary ! Of averiryitwasaverynicednctrineto send forth to theworld , for although it might in some way account to the people how it was that Land was held by
such a very few individuals , and in such a great number of acres , to the exclusion of all the rest , yet it must be remembered that , like a two edged sword , it cats two ways , telling people in so many words ( although unintentionally of course ) that any spacs of ground , or any house or anything else , which anybody thought was unoccupied and unappropriated , or rather that thing which he should like to be his own , he had nothing to do but to enter thereupon , and if unopposed , to swearthat it was his , —for the real owner or owners , had given up , relinquished , forfeited , their right by not being present to oppose the individuals entry thereon ! What a preposterous ideal—what a monstrous doctrine ! Some people , and some landed property , would , methinks , be in a state of very great insecurity , were this doctrine acted upon by the landless millions ! Pale ? , himself , raises the following objection to taii monstrous doctrine : —
* The objection , to this ' account , ' is that consent can never be presumed from silence , where the persons whose consent is required , knows nothing about the matter ; which must have been the case with ( mind !) all mankind , except the neighbourhood of the ploxewhere the appropriation was made 1 And to suppose that the piece of ground belonged to the neigbourhood , and that tbey had a Just power of conferring a right to it upon whom they pleased , is to suppose the question resolved and a partition of Land to have already takeniylace !"
This objection surely is decisive enough—besides it goes a very long way , tor it makes all men proprietors of the earth atone time , and thus admits the universal title originally ! But still tbe " ol » ji ction , " or the reverend divine himself , might have gone a step further . He might have reflected tbat all then living , was not all that should live ;—tbat if the Land was then necessary for all mankind , it would be as equally necessary for aU to come ;—tbat as mankind held it jointly originally , and on that accoontthe consentof all then living was essentially requisite before a single appropriation could take place , tbat the consent to such appropriation of every man then to oeborn , was as absolutely essential , and must be obtained , before tbe individual title
to it could have the least semblance of validity ! If the revereao divine had thought of this , or proclaimed it—if he had reflected upon the matterthe affair would have been settled at once , and he might have saved himself the trouble into the bargain of giving us his own strong account of the matter with which be afterwards favours us , and for the making way for which , I presume , was the reason that he gathered these " accounts" and then placed the " objections" after them to destroy them ! The man who could see , and set forth , that the cement of all mankind living in many ages back was necessary to render a single act ofappropiatton a valid one , could not fail to see that the consent of every individual to bb born was < w indispensably necessary !
A brief but well-written article on " British Slavery , " is followed hy a continuation of the exposition of the "Princip les and Projects of Louis Blanc , " from which we extract the following : —
CNLWITED COMPETITION—ITS BEARING ON LIBERTY / . Competition , that pits the rich against the poor , the crafty speculator against the simple artfzan , tbe nailed warrior against the unarmed hind , the vigorous athlete against the shaking paralytic . And this incessant disorderly collision of weakness with strength , this oppressive anarchy , this invisible tyranny of circumstances , which no palpable tyranny of man ever exceeded in cruelty . . . . this is what is called Freedom ? Wbatfreedom to develop his intellectual life has the poor man ' s child , who , turned aside by hunger from the road to school , hastened to sell soul and body at the next cotton-mill , to eke out with a few daily halfpence his father ' s scanty gains ? "What freedom to secure the conditions of his toil bas the workman who perishes by the mere protrac tion of the debate ?
"What freedom to secure his existence against the risks of a homicidal lottery , has the operative wbo , in tbe confused clashing of so many individual efforts , is reduced to dependence—not on his own provident wisdom , but on each of the disorders naturally engendered by competition : on a distant failure , on the cessation of a demand , on the discovery of a machine , on the closure of a workshop , on an industrial panic , or on a stoppage of work ? What freedom to sleep elsewhere than on the pavement bas the unemp'oyed aud homeless artizan ? What freedom to preserve her chastity unstained has the poor man ' s daughter , who when work fails has no other alternative but starvation or dishonour ? Let us not play with words like sophists or rhetoricians ; let us probe these questions to the bottom .
Who is the slave ? The slave is one who , lacking raiment , food , and lodging , sleeps on the steps of a vacant palace . The slave is tbe wretch who is punished for imploring with outstretched hand the succour of the rich : —the houselets wanderer imprisoned for daring to rest by the way side . The slave is tbe unfortunate whom hunger condemns to theft , till society c / mdtmns him to the hulks . The slave is the father , who fends his young son to breathe the poisoned air of some deleterious manufacture : —and the son , who sends his old father to end his days at the hospital . The slave is the poor man's child sent to a factory at sis years of age ;—and the poor man's daughter , who barters her virtue for bread at sixteen .
The slaves are those who , as at Lyons , inscribe on their banners " To live working , or die fighting ;' —and who , having done so , fight and die . * * * * But , it is objected the poor man has the right to ameliorate his position . And what matters this right , if nine times in ten , it is unaccompanied hy the power ? What matters it to thesiek man who is left to perish , that he has the right to be cured ? It is with these pretended rights that the people are abused . Right is but the metaphyseal and dead protection which has been wrongfully substituted for the real and living protection that the
people have a right to claim . Right , pompously proclaimed in the sterile charters , has but served to mask the barbarity of individualism , and of the abandonment of the poor . It is by defining liberty as a right , tbat politicians have brought themselves to regard as free , men groaning in tbe double bondage of hunger and of ignoranee . Let us declare it then , once for all : Liberty consists , not only in the conceding to every man the Right but also in giyinghini the power to develop his faculties under the empire of justice , and under the Eoarantee of law .
And this , be it observed , is no vain distinction ; its sense is profound , its scope is immense . For let it be once admitted that man in order to he free , needs the power to exercise and derelope its faculties , it follows that society owes to each of its members that instruction without which the human intelligence cannot unfold itself , and those implements of labour without which human activity cannot be brought into play . Now , how can society succeed in furnishing each of its members with suitable instruction , and with necessary implements ? This can be accomplished , as in a future letter I will demonstrate , only bv a carefully elaborated system of Association . # * * Civilisation has another step to make upon the road of progress . The common people , thanks to the diffusion of knowledge and the efforts of the human mind , have successively ceased to be slaves—to be serfs—to be vassals ; they must now cease to be hirelings . Three specimens of ultra-democratic poetry , precede a continuation of the history of " The
The Democratic Review Of British And For...
Hungarian Struggle , " embracing the glorious period between the first of January , and the first of June , 1849 , when "for a moment victorious , free , and independent , Hungary defied her implacable foes , " " and the Hungarian tri-colour floated triumphantly throughout the length and breadth of the land . " An address by the Editor , chiefly on the deaths of the Martyrs Sharp and Williams , concludes the contents of this number o f the Democratic Review .
The. Operatives Free Press. Conducted By...
The . Operatives Free Press . Conducted by Working men . Cambridge ; J . Nichols , Fitzroy-squave . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row . We have received Nos . 1 and 2 ( September-October ) , of a new " monthly journal of Labour , Politics , and Education , " conducted by Proletarians ; and—strange but true—published in that sink of ( intellectual ) iniquity , Cambridge ! What next ? Talk of "reaction J" Old Mother Church will look upon this as reaction with a vengeance . We shall not be surprised to learn , ere long , that the banner of heterodoxy has been raised even within the walls of orthodox Oxford . Indeed it will be a shame to the democrats of that
place if they allow themselves to be outstripped by the innovators of the rival " seat of learning . " S urely this comes of seting up Byron ' s statue in the University . The saints had farbetter have let well alone , and permitted the statue to have found its intended repose in Westminster Abbey . London was alread y lost , but Cambridge was yet orthodox ; now that holy place seems destined to follow in the wake of the " great metropolis . " Surel y " Thekirk is in ruins , the state is in jars , " when an Operatives' Free Prets is published in the pious and prelatical town of Cambridge . There are some creditable articles in the numbers before us , What will tbe University " nobs" say to the following specimens ?—
CONTENTMENT . We are sagely exhorted to be contented , and to feel grateful to our rulers and masters for being permitted to live at all . . We arc grateful , very !! No one knows how grateful we are ; but how could they ? for we have not cared to write ourselves down asses , and "our superiors" ( those drones in the hive of industry ) keep us at so respectful a distance , that we cannot even whisper it to them ; —but the good time is coming , when education will
have done its glorious point , and the operative , strong in the possession of mental power , and bold in defence of his rights , which are his inalienabl y shall confront his oppressor , and tell him in language not to be drowned by the music of jingling purchase money , or bushed by tho voice of intimidation , how much gratitude glows in his bosom for all past favours , and how much pleasure it gives him to say , that for the future , he hopes to be able to dispense with all occasions for gratitude .
BBBEWTiny GOVERNMENT . Classgovernment is bad in any shape , but in this form it is most obnoxious . A class of men claim to govern the destinies cf this great nation—rendered great not by the deeds ef its aristocracy , but by the enterprise and genius of its people—because , forsooth , their fathers did so before them . They offer no other qualification . Perhaps they may tell us that they derive those mental qualities which may fit them fpr government , by descent from their long and noble line of ancestors ; even admitting that this might be the case , for the sake of argument , though common sense revolts at the idea , their ancestors were not created nobles , in the great
majority of instances , for their wisdom or their learning but from some scene of violence and bloodshed , in which they acted a conspicuous part . The traditions which their titles carry with them , are not of shining talents , and philanthropic actions ; but of deeds of blood , spoliation , and desolation . An hereditary aristocracy ! Let us complete the farce by following the suggestion of Thomas Paine , by making the office of poet-laureate descend from father to son through all posterity ; for surely poetry , like learning , is hereditary too . The only hereditary system which we can acknowledge is the right of self-government ; it is a man ' s birthright , which no enactment can alienate , or force destroy ,
THE EVIL AND THE CURE . We work in factories under the most stringent regulations . Our producing power is organised to aid machinery in producing those amazing results of skill which are so familiar to our eyes , but so foreign to our possession . We are by no means the . first to raise the question " Cannot we become capitalists as well as producers , and thereby combine in our own selves these two distinct and antagonistic classes of society . " Wherever this principle is at all recognised and acted upon the
result is most cheering . We ask our brethren of the forge , the loom , the plough and tho coal mine , to become intelligent , and let the great question of labour receive the most anxious consideration , for upon it depends our future destiny as a class . Let us not be behind our neighbours the French , who have made considerable progress in the consideration of this question , much more perhaps than we have done ; but let us look our foe fearlessly in the face , and by increased and increasing intelligence and morality , seek practically and for ever to put an end to the secret enemy that devours us .
Although the tone of the writers in this publication is somewhat too moderate for our liking , we cordially welcome their "journal , " and wish it all success in its advocacy of our common princi ples , and our common cause .
The Miner's Doom. (From A Poetical Colle...
THE MINER'S DOOM . ( From a Poetical Collection entitled The Emigrant , and other Poems . B y H . Fawcett , Castle Eden Colliery . Newcastle-upon-T yne T . Dodds , 61 , Grey street . ) Air : — " Msletoe Bough . " Arous'd by the caller ' s well-known voice , Near midnight , calling— "it ' s time , my boys ;" Tbe old and tbe young at the sound arise , And each to his dreary toil quick hies . But little they thought in descending the mine , So more the'd see the bright sunshine . 0 the slaves of the mine , The slaves of the mine !
Now : down the deep shaft , far out of sight , They toil , with a dimly burning light ; Far , far from meadows and rivers clear , They ' re breathing a noxious atmosphere . The dangers they brave , the world seeth not , It sighs o er their doom , but soon they ' re forgot 0 the slaves , & c . 0 sudden and sad is tho miner ' s doom , See ! the clouds which up yon shaft now come ; The alarm is given—she ' s fired ! they cry , To the shaft I to the shaft ! all quickly fly . The mother exclaims , in anguish wild , " My son ! my son ! my darling child l " 0 the slaves , < fcc .
" 0 mother , " yon little mourner doth cry , " Will not father come to me by-and-bye . " " JTo move he'll return , my only joy , Thy father is gone , thou ' rt an orphan boy , Kb more he'll hear thy pratling tongue , Place thee to sleep with a soothing song . " 0 the slaves , & c . The aged father he tore his air , Ko words he uttered , he looked despair ; Bis son was slain , like the mi g hty oak , When shattered by the lightning stroke . Cut off in the flower of youthful bloom , The deep drear mine is his early tomb . 0 the slaves , & e .
See , yonder maiden in silent grief , Ko tears now come to her relief ; They'd fix'd the day to form for ever , The bond , which only death can sever . Ko more his active limbs now move , Ko more he'll smile upon his love . 0 the slaves , & c . Now struggles the miner to better his state , May he triumph in a cause so great . Though yet he may toil in the darksome uuuO , Away ! away ! from the bright sun-shine . Yet kind , and just , and equal laws , Will happiness bring to the miner ' s cause . 0 the slaves , < fec .
Dr. Kixo, Late Medical Officer To The La...
Dr . Kixo , late medical officer to the land expedition in search of Sir J . Ross , in his recent lecture on the undertaking of Sir John Franklin , gave it as his op inion that not a vestige of the expedition would be found . Sir James Ross , it is true , was found after an absence of four years , but Sir John Franklin has been absent about five years ; and there was this difference , that whereas Sir J . Ross had with him but twenty-three men , Sir J . Franklin had 126 , for whom it would be difficult to find subsistence in the Arctic regions . As Ai . uERMi . sic Plotjgemm ? . —At the Lichfield Agricultural Dinner , on Wednesday week , the chairman ( Lord Alfred Paget , M . P . ) begged to announce tbat they had a new acquisition to the society in the person of Alderman Copeland , and he had authority to state that the worthy alderman challenged any member of the society to plough with him —( laughter)—for any amount upoa rc-« emng fourteen day ' s notice , ( Cheers . )
Sunshine And Shadow; A Tazib Of The Nine...
SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TAZiB OF THE NINETEENTH CENTUltr . ' Br THOMAS MARTIN WHEELER , Late Secretary to the National Charter Association anil National Land Company . CHAriisKXXYII . Slaves , toil no more , ' Why delve , and moil , and pine , . To glut the tyrant forgers of your chain ? Slaves , toil no more . ' Up from tho midnight mine , Summon your swarthy thousands to the plain ; Beneath the brig ht sun marshalled , swell the strain Of Liberty ; and while tholordlings view Your handed hosts , with stricken heart and brain , Shout , as one man , " Toil we no more renew , Until the many cease their slavery to the few ' . "
Slaves , toil no more ! Despite their boa & t , e ' en Kings Must cease to sit in pride , without your toil ; Suite of their sanctity , the surplic'd things Who , through all time , have thirsted to embroil Man with his neighbour , and pollute tbe soil Of holiest mother earth with brothers' gore ; ¦ Join bu fc to fold your hands , and yo will foil To utter helplessness ; yea , to the core , Strike their pale craft with paler death . Slaves . toil no move 1
For that these words of truth I boldly spake lo Labour ' s children , in their agony Of want and insult ; and , like men awake After drugged slumbers , they did wildly flee io do they knew not what , until with glee The cellar of a Christian priest they found , And with its poison fired their misery To mad revenge ; swift hurling to the ground And flames , bed , cassock , wine ; cup of the tippler gowned . For that I boldly spake these words of truth , And the starved multitude to fury wrought , By sense of injury , and void of ruth , Rushed forth to deeds of recklessness ; but naught . Achieved of Freedom ; since nor plan , nor thought Their might directed . For this treason foul 'Gainst evil tyrants , I was hither brought A captive , ' mid the vain derisive howl Of some who thought tho iron now should pierce my soul {
Thomas Cooper . While these scenes were being enacted in the North , the League emissaries had produced a similar result in Staffordshire ; labour was universally abandoned , upwards of 30 , 000 colliers were on strike in Hanley , Burslem , Lane-End , Stoke-upon-Trent , and nearly every town in the district . The shops were closed , arid one universal holiday prevailed here , as in the North ; so long as the Charter was Kept on the back ground , so long did the great League masters secretly abet the strike ; bub when Thomas Cooper , Ellis , Richards , and other Chartists defeated the League plot , and made it a purely Democratic movement , then were the terrors of the law launched out against the rioters ; blood flowed
freely in several encounters , which the exasperated people were driven into with the police and military , * still their numbers were so overwhelming that the military , fatigued arid harrassed with marching and countermarching , could not avoid their holding complete possession of Hanley , Shelton , and other towns in tho district ; and , unfortunateb ' , the prudent counsels of the Chartist leaders were not attended to , for , in the madness of revenge they fired the houses of several of the obnoxious gentry in the neighbourhood , including that of the Rev . E . Atk ' ms , and , hrutalised with the wine with which his cellar was stored , many of the rioters fell victims to their madness , and perished in the flames . This state of things could not long exist ; Cooper
left for Manchester , to attend the Convention , and , arrested at Burslem , was fortunately discharged , though ultimately he received two years' imprisonment , and narrowly escaped that transportation to wliich Ellis , and many other goodmen were doomed , for a presumed participation in this destruction of property . Hundreds were condemned to various periods of imprisonment , and proscription and terror fell with annihilating influence upon the Chartist body , who had to bear the whole wei ght of magisterial and government prosecution , combined with League malice and persecution . Thus ended the League drama , bringing destruction upon thousands , who , though not blinded to its treachery , yet thought themselves powerful enough to turn it to
their own holier purpose ; experience proved the fallacy of this hope , and the oppressors of labour again triumphed . On the Sunday following , the 10 th of August , Arthur Morton , after three years' absence , again arrived in Kjonuon ; misery and disappointment sat heavy at his heart , for he had been no idle spectator of these exciting events . Fortunately , for his personal safety , he was unknown ; and , thus taking no responsible position he escaped that danger in which too many of the active spirits in the Chartist movement were involved ; circumstances , however , had introduced htm to some members of the Executive Committee , and being about to start for the Metropolis he was charged with a confidential communication to the Secretary
of the Metropolitan Delegate Committee , at that period , next to the Executive Committee , the most important organised body in the movement . On inquiry he was conducted hy a friend to a long narrow room , up a flight of stairs , in that portion of the town called tho Old Bailey , opposite the celebrated Newgate Prison . The clock had just struck three , and the chair being taken , about fifty delegatesanswered to their names—the room , capable of holding about 200 , being densely crowded with spectators . Communication after communication was received , detailing the posture of affairs in the North , and the dispersion of the members of the Executive Committee . Reports were also received of the various meetings which had been nightly held
in the metropolis , and arrangements made for their continuation . The most unbounded enthusiasm prevailed , which even the reverses , throughout the country , seemed onl y to increase . Aware of the necessity of an accredited head , a pro tern . Executive of five persons was elected until such time as the fate of their late leaders should become known , and an address passed , couched in terms of the most daring defiance , to tho government . William Outlay was a prominent actor in this body ; appointed by acclamation to the newly-formed Executive , he for the first time attracted the attention of Arthur Morton , who gazed with unfeigned admiration upon the high intellectual forhead and animated features of this diminutive Son of Africa ' s
despised and injured race . Never during his residence either in the West Indies or America had he met with such an intelligent specimen of the coloured race , horn in England . Though the son of a West Indian and the grandson of an African slave , he spoke tbe English tongue pure and gramatical , and with a degree of ease and facility which would shame many who boast of the purity of their Saxon or Norman descent . Possessed of attainments superior to the majority of working men , he had filled , with honour , the highest offices of his trade society . Was an auditor , and one of the Executive Committee of the Ancient Order of Druids ; and had that day been elevated by the unsought voices of his fellow-men to the highest office
in the Chartist ranks , who knew that in the hour of danger no man could be more depended on than William Cuffay—a strict disciplinarian , and a lover of order—he was firm in the discharge of his duty , even to obstinacy ; y ^ fc in his social circle no man was more polite , good-humoured , and affable , which caused his company to be much admired and earnestly sought for—honoured and respected by all who knew " him . Alas , poor Cuffay ! the enthusiasm of the moment—the madness of the hour—hath driven thee to pass the remainder of thy days under the ban of society—a transported felon—yet am I proud to acknowledge that I was once honoured with the felon ' s friendship—that I shared thy noble enthusiasm , and that fortuitous circumstances alone ,
in all probability , saved me from sharing in thy fate . I acknowledge that it was madness that brought thy fate upon thee ; but it was a noble , a god-like madness—a spark of that electric five which shoek the dynasties of Europe to its extremest bounds—that caused the olden power of monarchy to tremble and bite the dust—that created , by its magical breath , a race of free men and free institutions , and caused Old Time almost to suspend his fli ght to gaze in admiring wonder upon its glorious march . Yes , Cuffay , should these lines ever meet thine eyes in thy far-distant home , yes , my friend , though thou hast fallen—thou hast fallen with the great and noble of the earth . In every land the dungeon encloses the bodies of the
free . But their spirits yet float in the air , anxiously searching an abiding home . In every land the earth is red with the blood of those who , like thee , were afflicted with this glorious madness , and their yet wet blood cries alouu to Heaven and their fellow-men for vengeance . The noble structure of freedom , which seemed to rise in such grand and fair proportions before the eyes of an astonished world , is swept from the face of the earth , and all lands again groan in darkness and in misery . But faint not , mine old companion , the darkness of the present time will but render more intense the glowing
li ht of the future . The experience now learnt will but sharpen our weapons for tho conflict that must again , ere long , rouse the world . But we digress from our tale , —Arthur Morton speedily became intimate with Cuffay and other active London democrats , and assisted in keeping alive that spirit of enthusiasm which existed in London during this period , and which was the more beneficial to the cause persecution and imprisonment had so thinned the ranks in the northern Rttd midland counties , that Chartism mig ht bo said to sleep the sleep of death . The establishment , by Mr , O'Connor , of the Evening Star newspaper , tended greatly to promote the spread of Chartism in London ; and the
Sunshine And Shadow; A Tazib Of The Nine...
appearance of several female orators on the Chartist platforms , by attracting curiosity and the strictures of the press , also gave increased publicity to Chartist principles , and made it a subject matter ofcommon conversation . Whether tho labours of these female orators were beneficial or not to the cause we leave others to decide . During his attendance at the London meetings Arthur was particularl y struck with tho enthusiasm , good sense , and propriety displayed by the numerous females who attended these gatherings , and argued well for the future success of the movement from this , to him , auspicious event . ( To be continued . )
Vavitm*.
VavitM * .
Tiik Cheap Dinner.—In 1812, A Traveller ...
Tiik Cheap Dinner . —In 1812 , a traveller called at the White Hart tavern , at — . , in Hampshire , and ordered them to get him a dinner worth his money . The landlord thinking this would be a profitable customer , set before him a most excellent repast , consisting of ail the delicacies of the season , to which the traveller did ample justice . When he had finished , the landlord presented his "little bill , " and the traveller tendered him a sixpence . "Ho wis this ? " replied the host , " your dinner comes to 15 s . fld . " " No " answered the other , " I expressly ordered a dinner worth my money , and I assure you this sixpence is all the money I have in the world . " The landlord , finding that ho was
victimised , thought it was useless to argue the matter any further , and consented to be the loser , on this condition : viz ., that the guest should go and cheat the landlord of the Red Lion ( his enemy ) , of a dinner , likewise . "My good man , " said the other , "I cheated him of a breakfast this morning , and he gave me five shillings to ' pay you a visit . " A Muff holds a lady ' s hand without squeezing it . A spoon meets a lady ' s lips without kissing them . Laconic—Over a door in Tanter-street , Staffordstreet , Birmingham , is tho following : — The public good Is here intended ; New boots made , And old ones mended .
SHBBtDAN ' s "Pizarro . "—Mr . Pitt was accustomed to relate very pleasantl y an amusing anecdote of a total breach of memory in some Mrs . Lloyd , a lady , or nominal housekeeper , of Kensington Palace . " Being in company , " he said , " with Mr . Sheridan , without recollecting him , while 'Pizarro' was the topic of discussion , she said to him . 'And so this fine "Pizarro" is printed ? ' « Yes , so I hear , ' said Sherry . 'And did you ever in your life read such stuff ? ' cried she . Why I believe it ' s bad enough , ' quoth Sherry ; ' but at leastmadamyou must allow it ' s very
, , loyal . ' ' Ah 1 ' cried she , shaking her head— ' loyal ? you don't know its author as well as I do . ' " The New York Literary World , in a chapter on names , observes , " Shoemakers' spouses should be Peggies ; gamblers' ladies , Bets ; and Sue , would be just the wife for an attorney ; Sophies should bo of a sedative disposition , and confectioners' wives should always be Patties . Sometimes a namewiW excite remark . All the papers copied the marriage of Henry Apple and Sarah Apple , but we could see no impropriety in the making of two apples into one pair . "
Exhibition or Abis anii Manufactures or mi Nations . —The arrangements for the monster exposition in London of arts and manufactures of all nations , projected by Prince Albert , are going on vigorously . It is proposed to be held in the year 1851 , and tbat premiums to the extent of £ 20 , 000 should be given for inventions or improvements . An erection in Hyde Park is talked of , a mile and a half long . Tenacity op Life . —An advertiser in tho Times , of Thursday , tells Emilie that her "desertion has broken his heart , " but he gives his address "for a iveek longer " to the lodgings where he means to be ! Emilie , we see , responded amiably on Friday , so that it is to be hoped the wound is healed by this time .
Proper Names not Proper . —One of the penny imitators of our weekly Pasquin warns people against assuming the name of Smith after it has been tarnished by Louis Philippe and Mrs . Manning ; but what are they to do who already bear the name—if name that can be called which individual designation is none , as little as the Gentile name of the Romans ? A rich man can procure a change of name , or acquire the right to add another to his own—as Mr . Bernal became Mr . Osborne , and Dr . Kay is Mr . Kay Shuttle worth ; but a Smith of moderate means must remain Smith to the end of his days . " What ' s in a name ? " asks the love-sick girl ; but men of the world know that there is much in it , although the distribution of names has been
peculiarly fortuitous . Some anomalies in the history of names are very fantastical . We have never learned why the Participazio family of Venicewhere family surnames first appear in regular use —at one time adopted a practice of alternating that name with Badoer , and ultimately adopted the latter , wholly dropping the ori g inal name , nor why the ducal Candiano became ganuto . In England we have had similar anomalies : one son in a family suddenly appearing with a new name unexplained . Names have belonged to families and races from time immemorial , like some ancient names in Italy , the Giustiniani for instance ; they have been derived from places , as an endless number of English family surnames ( we do not mean baronial titles ) ,
like Pendlebury , Ashton , Hyde , Kent , Devonshire , ( fee . ; from nameless places , ns Stiles , Fieldsend ; from offices , as Constable , Tipstaff ; from trades , as Butcher , Smith , Taylor ; from personal peculiarities , as Longshanks , Strongith ' arra . These last have often been burlesque perversions , as a big man gets called Little , and a little man Large . Nicknames in early days and "free" wore often broad enough , often annoying from more triviality , sometimes indecent . The most philosophic of men cannot like to be called Rawbonc , Shave , Cow , Golightly , Waddle , Body , Peebody , Lighibody , Cuckoo , Chin , Sneezum , Potts , Penny , Pinches , Gotobed , Popkins , Bugg , or Chawmuffio , to . say nothing of names which are equivoques or outspoken indecencies , or names polluted by criminal associations , which must be brazened or slurred over . It must have a bad moral effect to be called by a name which habitually raises a stare of wonder , a
sunpressed smile of ridicule , or a blush of shame . In France a man may by custom take the name of the land he possesses ; in some countries a man may take his wife ' s name after his own , and then to drop the half of the joint name is a licence not unused . In this country John Bull is John Bull to the end of the chapter , unless he can buy the royal leave to be called Front-de-Bceuf , or some other Norman appellative . It would bo easy to pass o general law , by which , under proper checks against trivial or improper . changes—such as due notice and a moderate fee —persons bearing objectionable names might alter them , and record the change at the general register office . —Spectator . Naturalists tem , us of one advantage which instinct has over genius , evinced in the construction of a bird ' s nest , inasmuch as the first nest built by a bird of any species was as perfect as nests constructed at this day are .
PunoA-EOBv Taught by the " English Churchman . "—In a review of a book entitled " Discourses on the Life of Christ , " by the Rev . W .-De Burgh , the English Churchman says : — " We do not agree with the author , where he maintains that believers go directly to heaven after death . It is well known that Bishop Pearson , and indeed all our sound divines , are of the opposite opinion . " A Western PArER records tho marriage of Mr . Timothy Strange to Miss Rebecca True . Well , this seems strange , but nevertheless 'tis true ; it seems true , but nevertheless is Urange .
A DELICATE ANSWER TO A DELICATE QUESTION . " Dear ladye fair , wilt thou be mine , I'll love thee all my life ; , Love , answer me—say , wilt thou bo My happy , blessed wife ?" Now what d ' ye think the maid replied—In such a case , pray , now would you ? She looked upon the tender youth , And said , "I ' m blessed if I do . " A class was reciting a lesson in metaphysicsthe chapter , on movites operatives on the human will—when a mackerel vendor went by , shouting , "Mackerel , fine fresh mackerel ! " Suddenly disturbed by the noise , the master inquired of the class what ; motive the man had for making such a
noise . No answer being given , he said they must be deaf as haddocks , and fiat asjUmmders , not to perceive that it was a sell-fish motive . Blundering Infectious . — Mr , Charles Knight having gone over to Ireland to see that part of " The Land we Live in , " and collect materials for part XXY , " Dublin and its Environs , " tells us of St . Valerie , the seat of Sir Philip Crompton , one of ( lie most charming places in Great Britain ! A Falling off . '—At the sale of the effects of the late Mr . Nicholson , brother-in-law to Mr . Hudson , at York , last week , a portrait of the ex-railway king was put up , and the first bidding for it was sixpence . It was ultimately knocked down to one of the family for ten shillings . How are the mighty fallen !
A Curious Definition . — It is-well-known that clergymen in Scotland often form the subject of comment . Their peculiarities , their failings , their abilities are freely and unsparingly criticised . A minister , resident not quite a thousand miles from this place , whose stock of sermons and ideas is somewhat meagre , and who is , consequently , under the painful necessity of now and again serving up the same dish , was some time ago the topic of conversation between two of bis flock : " John , what do vou think of our minister ? " asked the one . ' " Some folk like him gay an' weel , " evasively replied John , " But what is your ain opinion , John ?" again asked the other , " Weel , if ye man hae my opinion , " said John , "I think that the lad deals in the sma' grocery line , and he has a' the goods in tho shop window , " , •
Ad00315
„„ .,,. " : ''"n . ' . ., „ ,.. If Mankind are liable to one disease more than another or if there are anj particular affect ! ons * of flic human body we require to have a knowledge of over the vest , it is eei . tainly that class of disorders treated of in the new and iiri . proved edition of tbe "Silent Friend . " The authors , i * thus sending forth to Hie world another edition of their medical work , cannot refrain from espressint ? their grati * fieation at the continual success nttendiv . e ; ' inch-efforts , which , combined with the assistance of medicines , cxclu « sivel y of their own preparation , have been the happy causa of mitigating- and averting the mental and physical miseries attendant on those peculiar disorder *; thus proving the fact ,
Ad00316
TIIE POPULAK REMEDY . PARR'S LIFE PILLS
The Seed-Bed Of Crime.—" Thousands Ohds ...
The Seed-bed of Crime . — " Thousands ohds oi i dren /' says a writer in the Daily News , "hei "hehi seven years and fourteen crowd tho streets ofets of I don , samples of them turn up iu plenty at al at all ragged schools , who arc either orphans , found found il or the children of criminal parents , who hano hai sorted them or been removed from the counl counlil force ; these know no friends and have no ot no oik tion . They live on thepav e , and sleep in the gi the g ; A doorway is a luxury which is denied to tu to tU a vigilant police . As to employTOeiit , that , i \ vv
matches , fusees , tapes , fruit , and so forth forth i streets , or hold horses and siveep tho steps steps i nibuscs . Ueyoml these acts they do little little useful in tho way of industry . " We encoi cucom an affecting confirmation of these words oulrds onl 1 days since . In the report of the' death' deathli cholera collected for tbe Reg istrar-Goncral . mcral ,, served the following : — " M . ( eleven years 'years < > parent unknown , a casual pauper , . choki-cholem hours , Sept . 9 th . Taken in from Orang < Orang <;< half-starved , stomach full of blackberries . em « ., tragic in its brevity ! Truly » " powerfully wfully i 1 I volume in a sentence .
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_06101849/page/3/
-