On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (14)
-
THE December 6, 1851. ~tz=^============^...
-
aanfiltr ^ irniapmfin wuDUf &mu0em*m$
-
ASTLEF S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Mt Bittv, t...
-
DBUllY LiLXE THEATRE, iir. Bunu continue...
-
ADBLPHI THEATftE. The return of .Mr. Wri...
-
COURT OF QUEEN' S BENCH, DUBLI N. Tbebda...
-
PREVENTIVE AND REFORMATORY SCHOOLS. A Co...
-
Formal o p the Late Eixg of TLDfOVBB. —T...
-
THE LATE MURDER IS MARYLEBONE. On Monday...
-
Movement wzxHoor Motive.—For all the com...
-
THE GOLD DUST ROBBERY ON THE SOUTH WESTE...
-
Apprehension of a Bank-note Stealer in H...
-
REASONS FOR TATF. FEDERATIVE UNION BETW]...
-
Discovery or Coitkr Mines is (Jubknusd.-...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
The December 6, 1851. ~Tz=^============^...
December 6 , 1851 . ~ tz = ^ ============ ^^ THE NORTHERN STAii 7 ei I '
Aanfiltr ^ Irniapmfin Wuduf &Mu0em*M$
aanfiltr ^ irniapmfin wuDUf & mu 0 em * m $
Astlef S Royal Amphitheatre. Mt Bittv, T...
ASTLEF S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE . Mt Bittv , than whom a more spirited caterer fot As public amusement does not exist , is enjoying a iell merited and legitimate triumph at that famous resort of the million—Astley ' s—with his new and ^ ndiJ Hippodramatic spectacle of Azael , which % far the most complete and gorgeous pro-Ltioa of modern times , and one which bids JL . I 0 eclipse even that patent favourite with Aa public Xizeppa , which hears as many retjseititions . and achieves world-famed popularity The drama of Azael at Drury Lane possessed great merit , but lacked effect save in the one great Teniae scese . The Azael of Astley ' s has all the merit , moreof the original dded
and many , , we to tho « e ( ffeete obtainable onl y within the purlieus of this T „ stestvbtonment—where nothing is wanting which t aste aud liberality can supply in acting , dressing , scenic effects , and mounting , to render the production perfect in its way as a vigorous and instructive drama of the most unobjectionable chiractcr and jn admirable vehicle for glittering display . Azael Eiiould really be witnessed by all . The educated mind will be delighted with the historical truthfu ' - r of the detail , and the uneducated equallv so vrith the brilliancy of the coup d ' oeil , will seek to learn more ; whilst from the great moral lesson taiisht , every child within tbe limits of the metropolis should be taken to see Azael at Astley '? .
Dbully Lilxe Theatre, Iir. Bunu Continue...
DBUllY LiLXE THEATRE , iir . Bunu continues to make the most strenuous exertions to open our fine old national theatre with every possible effect , on the 26 th inst . Not onlv is tlie Christmas pantomime ft fu ij p-epa ,., ^ -, ' bnb ever necessary step has been taken for the succession of nove . ties on the most extensive scale . We hear that Mr . Bunn ' s arrangements will include every branch of the profession , and in the meantune we look forward with Tery considerable interest to the forthcoming programme of the season , in the result of which all lovers of the English stage take so -very livel y a concern .
Adblphi Theatfte. The Return Of .Mr. Wri...
ADBLPHI THEATftE . The return of . Mr . Wright , after hia long ab ? enco from the boards of this theatre , whi .-h his drollery has so often filled with mirth-loving crowds , is a veritable triumph . His indisposition had created a formidable gap in the comp any , and when he appeared on Monday nj ph . in the character of Paul Pry , the greeting which he received had in it something of the character of friendshi p as well as of mere applause . The public really likes a man who has made it laugh so often and so heartily as Mr . Wright . Bis Sr .-t line , " I hope I don ' t intrude , " coming in after the first burst of approbation , was a signal for renewal of the applause , as if the nonon of Wright bein g an intruder was to he repudiated at any expenditure of pulmonary force . As for Mr . Wright ' s condition , he is as irresistibly droll , and seems to he as well as ever , his indisposition answering the purpose of a new lease .
Court Of Queen' S Bench, Dubli N. Tbebda...
COURT OF QUEEN ' S BENCH , DUBLI N . Tbebdav . Asse Domxo v . Freherick Lucas , Proprietor OF THE "IaHLET" NEWSPAPER . —ACTIOS AGA 1 SST the " Tablet" por Libel . __ This was an action brought against the defendant for a libel inserted in his newspaper on the 30 th of August , and purporting to be a letter from Clonard bearing date the 25 th of August , and signed "A Tenant-Righter . " The libel attributed to the p laintiff that she was an exterminator of her tenantry . The damages were laid at £ 5 , 000 , and tbe defendant pleaded a special plea under Lord Campbell ' s Act , that the article was inserted without malice and without gross negligence , and that as soon as was possible after notion brought he inserted a full and ample apology in his newspaper , and had aleo lodged £ 25 in court . The jury gave a verdict for the plaintiff , with £ 350 damages and costs .
Preventive And Reformatory Schools. A Co...
PREVENTIVE AND REFORMATORY SCHOOLS . A Conference is to be held at Birmingham , on Wednesday next , for the following objects : _ A consideration of tbe condition and treatment of the " perishing and dangerous classes" of children and " nvsnile . oSender * , with a view of procuring such legislative enactments as may produce a beneficial change in tbeir actual condition and their prospects . The children whoso condition requires the notice of tbe Conference ,
are" First . Those who have not yefc subjected themselves to the grasp of the law , but who , by reason of tho ? ice , neglect , or extreme poverty of their parents , are inadmissible to the existing school establishments , and , consequently , must grow up without any education ; almost inevitabl y forming part of the " perishing and dangerous classes , " and ultimately becoming criminal . " Secondly , Those who are already subjecting themselves to police interference , by vagrancy , mendicancy , or petty infringement of the law .
" Thirdly , Those who have been convicted of felony , or such misdemeanour as involves dishonesty . " The provisions to be made for these three classes , are" For the first , Free Day Schools . "For the Second , Industrial Feeding Schools , with compulsory attendance . " For the third , Penal Reformatory Schools . " The legislative enactments needed ' io bring such chools into operation , are" For the Free Day-schools , such extension of the present Governmental grants , from the Committee of Council on education , as may secure their maintenance in an effective condition , they being by their nature at present excluded from aid , yet requiring it in a far higher degree than those " on whom It is conferred .
" For the Industrial Feeding Schools , authority to magistrates to enforce attendance at such schools on children of the second class , and to require payment to the supporters of the school for each child from the parish in which the child resides , with a power to the parish officer to obtain the outlay from the parent , except in cases of inability . "Forthe Penal Reformatory Schools , authority to magistrates and judges to commit juvenile offenders to such schools instead of to prison , with power of detention to the governor during the appointed period , the charge of maintenance being enforced as above . " The Conference will take place on the morning of Wednesday , and a public meeting will be held in the evening . The committee will meet at half-past eight , on Tuesday evening , at Dee ' s Royal Hotel , Birmingham , where particulars respecting the time and place of the meetings may be obtained .
Several ladies who take great interest in reformatory schools will be present at the Conference , and tbe attendance of any ladies or gentleman who have paid attention to * this important subject will be esteemed a favour . Tub National Poblic School Association held its annual demonstration on Mondayat Manchester , including a meeting of the general council in the morning , and a public meeting in the evening . Mr . A . Henry , M . P ., was chairman of the council meeting , and " Mr . Cobden , M . P ., Mr . T . M . Gibson , and Mi * . George Dombe , of -Edinburgh , were present . Dr . Davidson read : » paper on the Voluntary ^ Manchester and Salford Local , and the National Public School Systems . The Rev . W . F . Walker , incumbent of St . James ' s Church , Oldham , moved the foUowing resolution : — } i" Resolved—That tbe foUowing be adopted as an appendix to clause vi . s . 3 : — ' That schools already
in existence may become free schools under the direction of their present or future managers , and receive— per week for each scholar educated ia them . Provided , —! . That on inspection they are found in a satisfactory condition . —2 . That the "inculcation of doctrinal religion , " shall not take p lace in them between the hours of— and — in the morning , and — and —In the afternoon . —3 . That the attendance of the scholars on the "inculcation of doctrinal religion , " shall ! not be compulsory . — ¦ i . That the " inculcation of doctrinal reli gion' " shall not be a part of the duty of the teachers under this system . —5 . That no part of the school payments derived from the rate shall be directly or indirectly applied to the " inculcation of doctrinal religion . " * " t The Rev . F . Tucker ( Baptist ) seconded the motion . Mr . Cobden , Mr . 31 . Gibson , and Mr . Simpson , of Edinburgh , supported the proposition , and it was adopted unanimously .
Formal O P The Late Eixg Of Tldfovbb. —T...
Formal o p the Late Eixg of TLDfOVBB . —The funeral of the late Ring of Hanover took place on ihe _ - t » ih ult . On the previous evening , a solemn service was celebrated , amidst the tolling of all the church bells , in the chapel of the palace . At midnight the coffin , accompanied by that containing the remains of the late Queen , who died in 1 S 41 , was conveyed to the palace of Herrenhausen , escorted b y the first dignitaries of tbe kingdom , and bv detachments of the Royal Guard . The inhabitants of Herrenhausen were assembled in the avenue leading to the palace , bearing torches . The pnwic were not admitted to the ceremony of interment .
APresest job the Queen- . —The " Batburst Free Press and Mining Journal" says , that a body tL CoSi % *?*»<*• * * behJ & whom are iatire S JT J thespeakerof tbe Leg is-Queen ^ rE C n , * LT « etermined u P ° n offering * EL % ? ghnd a crown of pure gold " -an S ^ not fp ^ ^^ -y «* * <* g ** P '
The Late Murder Is Marylebone. On Monday...
THE LATE MURDER IS MARYLEBONE . On Monday this most atrocious case was , as far brm ^ nf ? , , , eboDe T I > olicc Couvt is concerned , Drought to a close . —Long before tbe arrival of the government van from Clerkenwell a much greater number of persons had assembled than on any former occasion , and on the prisoner , Thomas Bare , alighting from the vehicle , around which the crowd closely pressed , he was led along Grottopassage by Sergeant Bewley and other police officers to thecell which he had before occupied in the yard contiguous to the outer office , where he remained properly watched until the case was called on for hearing by the sitting magistrate , Mr . Uroughton Between three and four o ' clock the prisoner , who walked quite erect , and with rather a firm step , was brought from his place of confinement , by Mitchell , the gaoler , and put within the teloiis bar , and the utmost anxiety was manifested 'nun
by all presen t to obtain a view of the alleged perpetrator of so horrid and brutal a crime as that with which he stood charged . The prisoner immediately seated himself , and seemed to be very little concerned about the awful situation in which he w as placed . Soon after he was brought in , Mr . Fell , the chief clerk , recited to him the nature of the crime with which he was charged , and then read over the whole of the depositions . They were listened to with the most intense and painful interest , ami as the several witnesses stood up the prisoner kept his eyes steadfastly fixed upon them . MIMrs . Laxning , the landlady * of the house , SB , Sorth-street , where the murder was committed , said { in addition to her former evidence ) , in reply to Mr . Broughton : When the prisoner went out of the house , and I hoard " a screeching , " as I said before , I did not ask him what it was about , nor did he say anything to me .
Mr . Broughton ( to Emma Webster , a lodger at the house ) : Are you sure that you saw no instrument in the prisoner ' s hand?—Witness : I saw none . I was so fri ghtened at what I did observe that I for a time lost my sight . When the statement of Mr . Davidson was road over , describing tbe nature , the number , and the extent of the wounds inflicted upon the murdered woman , a thrill of horror ran through the court . The Prisoner ( to Mr . Broughton ) : May I ask Mrs . Robinson a question or two ? ( This witness ' s evidence went to show that she bad often seen bruises on the person of the deceased , some of whose ribs had at one period been broken by her husband . ) Mr . Broughton : Tes , you are at liberty to do so . Prisoner ( foldingfiis arras , and assuming an air
of great confidence ) . 'Now , what is your proper name ? Witness : My name is Mary Robinson . I am a lawfully married woman and if I had thought of it , I could have brought my marriage certificate here . —Prisoner : Was your husband's other wife dead when you married him ? Witness : I know nothing at all about any former wife of his . —Prisoner : How long have you been married ? Witness : Nineteen years last May . —The prisoner put further questions to witness , who , in answer thereto , said : My son sleeps in one of my rooms . I never made use of that room for tbe convenience of a man and your wife . learn money by needle work , and my husband is in the receipt of some money annually allowed to him by a gentleman in whose service he was for a great number of years . Mr . Fell was , from the voluminous nature of the depositions , more than an hour in reading them .
The deceased ' s mother , an elderly woman , a widow , who had before deposed to the prisoner ' s brutal treatment of her daughter , was here desired to stand up again in the witness box , which she did . She holds the situation of pew-opener at Cromer-street Chapel , and is highly respected by the frequenters of that place of worship . Mr . Broughton addressed tho prisoner to the effect that he was anxious , whiio the mother was present , to mention to him that he had , throughout the proceedings , endeavoured to show that his wife waa a woman of most abandoned character ; but from all the inquiries which had been instituted by Inspector Jackson , as well as from the report of other parties who had been examined , it was clearly shown that the contrary was the case . Prisoner : May I call my daughter to say what she knows ?—Mr . Broughton : I shall not examine her here . You can do as you think fit at the sessions .
It was fully expected that Mrs . Hands , the woman with whom the deceased lodged in Northstreet , would have sufficiently recovered the shook which her nervous system had sustained to attend and give evidence ; hut it was alleged that the state of her mind was such that it was not desirable or proper to bring her forward . Mr . Broughton , after cautioning the prisoner in the usual manner , asked if he had anything to say ? Prisoner : Nothing . —Mr . Broughton : I now commit you for trial at the Central Criminal Court for the wilful murder of your wife . The prisoner was then led back to his cell , and soon after the closing of the court he was conveyed ; n the van to Newgate .
Movement Wzxhoor Motive.—For All The Com...
Movement wzxHoor Motive . —For all the complaint of stagnation in the political world , standstill , dead-lock , and so forth , scarcely a day pagsee without giving birlh to some new " movement . " This week we have Lord Shaftesbury's new movement against the Maynootb grant , a sequel to the Anti-Papal Aggression movement . Having been for some years moving in the direction of Catholic emanc i pation , we are now invited to move ia the direction of Catholic repudiation . 2 ~ ext week wc are to have the New Manchester Reform movemeat , in audition to the other reform movements already going forward , or backward , or not going at all , as the case may be . The uninitiated might have thought , that the process of moving might get
on better if Manchester had lent its strength to some movement already in motion , or about to be in motion . But perhaps that was not the object ? If it had been , Manchester might have had an extensive choice out of all the reform movements in existence or in contemplation , from tbe immortal old Westminster Association to the archetypal idea still -randly lurking in Lord John Russell ' s mind . But the Manchester millocraoy must have its own eddy in the wayward and uncertain stream . These rui ^ ht be enoug h of movements for one day ; but when you look forth into the outward world the brain turns dizzy with tho numberless little eddies that are stirring up the so-called stagnant pool of politics , and not always with the most fragrant
results . Can we forget the Freehold Land movement , which has the special advantage of Mr . Cobden ' s patronage ? Your political managers , like their theatrical brethren , much trust in stars ; and the modest movement for buying up the freehold franchise , with all tho modern improvements and facilities of commerce , has an undoubted advantage in being the one to which Mr . Cobden , after all his practical experiments , financial , Hungarian , parliamentary , & c , finds his sagacity and prudence warranted in trusting himself . Then thero is the Kossuth Fund Movement , which , by the help of new blood and the emulative example of Birmingham , is said to be beginning to move . But we must notdwellonall these movements—the
Aborigines Protection movement , the Teetotal movement , the Early Closing movement , the Socialist Co-operative , Communist , or Associative movement , the Catholic Defence movement , the Irish Redemption of Land movement , Mr . Douglas Jerrold ' s Present-of-Shakespeare-to-Kossuth movement , the Anti-Knowledge Tax movement , , the Anti-Flour Tax movement , the Anti-State Church movement , the Sanitary Reform movement , the Wealeyan Reform movement , the Church Union movement , the Public Education movement , the ManchesterEducatiorfmovement . the Street Orderly movement , the Extension of Municipalities' to all London movement , tbe Anti-Truck movement , the Emancipation of the Jews ( City of London )
movement , Emancipation of the Jews ( J . Russell ' s ) movement , the Street Shoe-black ( C . Cochraue ' s ) movement , the . But we must abstain from attempting to compile a directory of these national institutions . It is already evident that we have quite enough " movements" and to spare , especially for a period of stagnation . [ By the bye , we had forgotten tbe Peace movement , which must not be omitted . There was once , too , a Complete Suffrage movement ; can anybody tell what has become of that ? Is it dead , merged , transmuted , going on , or what ?] Xow , with all this variety of public emotion , we do not know why there should be this complaint of apathy and immobility . It is true tb-cfc some of these
movements can scarcely be called national ; true that some of them , like Lord John ' s Emancipation of the Jews , are rather dead than otherwise , and exercise little more than a galvanic posthumous motion dependent on the industry of the operator ; true that some of them , like the Manchester and Russell Reform ideas , are moving onl y in vitro ; but still enough is left to stir the limbs of the political world , and to save it from the " pins and needles " of which it is so much in fear . At leant we do not see reason why there should be any hurry to get up new movements . England , as Dr . Johnson said when he was told he could not see the
baby yet , " can wait . " There is no hurry ; tbe nation will not expire , although agitators should fail to light some fresh fire . Englaud is not so shortlived that she cannot wait the natural course of events . Eng land can have no childish impatience to tear open every political rosebud . Indeed , agitation itself , we suspect , might profit by a little real suspension , not only because it would give the repose by which strength is restored , but because also an interval of stillness , however brief , mi ght enable some of these sectional movements that cross and binder each other to run into one , and thus to become worth some practical attention .
— Spectator , Dmth 09 Mb . Sapio .-TMs celebrated English tenor died on TiUHfiday last , in rery indigent circumstancee ,
The Gold Dust Robbery On The South Weste...
THE GOLD DUST ROBBERY ON THE SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY . Our readers will remember that at the last Win-Chester Assizes , held in the month of July , William 2 ™ J ^ ? ' . Londoi , » t 00 k "is trial on the oiiarge of stealing tho gold o > t so mysteriouslv extracted from the railway waggons during their transit lrom Southampton to London , or of receivin the same knowing it to have been stolen ; and that " , having been found Guilty on rbe latter charge , he was sentenced to ten years' transportation . Several witnesses swore to having seen Plampin at Win-Chester on the night of the robbery , to his having gone up to London by the mail train the same ni » bt , and to his being there again on the following evening ; whilst the coffee house keeper and cab-driver
in London , with whom the nv-n supposed to be I lampin came in contact , deposed to his being so wrapped up that they could not positivel y swear to his being the man , but believed him to be so . It is now clearly proved that the witnesses must have been mistaken , and that Plampin was not the man seen at Winchester on the night of the robbery . Plampin , it will he remembered , subsequently made a confession , which led to inquiries resulting in the apprehension and conviction of other parties concerned m the South-Western U-. ilwuy robberies . : is recorded from time to time in this journal . The parties implicated in these robberies , whose names have transpired , arc—Plampin , now under sentence of transportation ; Whitcher , transported for ten
years ; Senior , sentenced to seven years' transportation , and since dead ; So-ward , imprisoned for twelve months ; and Winter ( formerly a tallyman in the company ' s service , but discharged previous to the gold dust robbery ) , who bus been successful in decamping , and still remains at large . The man seen at Winchester on tho night of tlie ' robbery , and supposed to be Plampin , it has since been ascertained , was Winter , who carried off with him two of the boxes of gold dust , leaving the third where it was subsequently found , in the hedge near the railway station . Winter went , Ihe d : iy after the robbery , to Senior ' s bouse ( a public-house in London , where these robberies were p lanned and arranged ) , and there saw Whitcher and Plampin . He told them it was all right , and tmnle Whitcher an offer to go down to Winchester , for the box left there . Whitcher would not consent to go down
under £ 20 , but Plampin agreed to do so for £ 10 , and when ho got thero heat once fell into the hand * Of the police . Thus , it will be seen that Plampin was never in possession of any portion of the gold dust , and was therefore wrongly convicted of receiving the same ; and under those circumstances tho solicitors for the prosecution ( the railway company ) are endeavouring to procure Plnmpin ' s pardon , or a remission of his sentence , in which they will be , £ . 0 doubt , succeeaful . Senior , it appears , sold the gold dust that came into his possession for £ 3 , 000 or £ 4 , 000 , and must have secured to himself more than the lion ' s share of the booty , for all thnt he is proved to have advanced to Winter is £ 600 . Of this sum Winter gave £ 200 to his wife , which , it will be remembered , was found in her brother ' s house , and still remains in the custody of the metropolitan police ; and with the remaining £ 400 there is no doubt Winter made off to New York or
some other place of refuse . Senior paid fifty guineas to Mr . Butt to defend Plampin , and it was also arranged that Senior was to pay Plampin's wife 30 s . a week during the period of his incarceration , in case he should be convicted . All these facts were confessed by Plampin , and subsequent inquiry has proved them to be correct . In proof of the cleverness with which tbe whole affair was arranged it may be mentioned that Winter had drawn a map of the railway , marking the exact spot where the box of gold dust Jay ; and further , that a part of the tree under which it was deposited , and which was supposed to have been broken by the box being thrown upon it , was really broken off to servo as a guide to the party who came for the box . Winter was seen in tlie Southampton Docks on the day of the robbery ; but how , or by what means , he got the boxes out of the train , still remans a mystery . —Hants Independent .
Plampin , when he confessed , was asked how he could attempt running such , a risk as that of attempting to secure the box of gold secreted at Winchester for the sake of £ 10 ; he stated that it was his determination , if he had secured tho box , not to have let it out of his possession for a less sum than £ G 0 O . Plampin , it is expected , will obtain a free pardon . The South Western Railway Company have now placed carriages on their lino built expressly for the conveyance of specie . These carriages are built of corrugated iron , and they enclose the specie completely . They are secured by massive belts and locks .
Apprehension Of A Bank-Note Stealer In H...
Apprehension of a Bank-note Stealer in Hungary . — On the 4 th of last October a robbery of English bank-notes , to the amount of £ 1 , 020 , was perpetrated in the house of Mrs . Seelig , of No . 4 , South-parade , Manchester , by a foreigner , named Jacob Alter . The owner of the property is , wo understand , a foreigner , who has been in the habit of travelling about with mercantile engagements of an extensive description , and was a lodger in the bouse abovemenlioned , where Alter also resided , and the latter availed himself of the absence of tho
former , opened his trunk , fingered the notes , and quickly disappeared . Attempts were made to trace the fugitive by the plundered man and his friends , but application was not made in the proper quarter for making an effective pursuit until a month had elapsed , John and Daniel Forrester were then communicated with , and vigorous measures were forthwith adopted with all possible expedition . Daniel Forrester , after hnving made inquiries at Manchester and Liverpool , proceeded to Hungary , where he received tbe most zealous assistance from
the police authorities , which assistance was no doubt the more promptly rendered in consequence of the aid given to the Austrian government some time ago in the case of a forgery committed in Hungary upon that government . It was ascertained that Alter had changed a £ 100 Bank of England note in Yenice on the 4 th of November , in the name of Adam Weiss , and that he bad changed , in the same name , and in tho same city , two £ 100 and one £ 20 Bnnk of England notes , about the middle of October ; and at Pcsth , in Hungary , two £ 100 Bank of England notes , on the 0 th of November , also in the name of Adam Weiss . The plunderer was arrested at Great Kamsa , in Hungary , where he passed by the name of Cohen . Information has been just received of the apprehension of Alter ; but there has been no intelligence as to the recovery of any of the property .
International Copyright . —Accounts from Madrid state that M . E . Baroche and M . Contures , on the part of France , and M . Cordova , formerly Minister at Constantinople , and M . Ochea , of the department of Public Instruction and a distinguished lilteratur , on the part of Spain , are busily engaged in negotiating the bases of a treaty between the two countries for the mutual protection of literary copyright and of artistic , musical , and dramatical productions . No difficulty of any kind has arisen or is likely to arise , and the treaty may therefore be expected to bo signed in a few weeks . At Paris the recently concluded literary convention between England and Franco has been submitted to the National Assembly and has afforded tho highest satisfaction . Tbo French government is now pressing with great earnestness on that of Belgium for a similar treaty .
The Magnetic Telegraph . —Upwards of 200 miles of insulated Wire have already been laid down by the Magnetic Telegraph Company upon a portion of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway ; and the new line of telegraph between Manchester and Liverpool , belonging to this company , will be opened in a week or two . The magnetic telegraph appears to have fulfilled all the favourable anticipations that have been formed respecting it , wherever it has been employed . This telegraph acts with the same velocity as tlie one now in general use , and is far more economical , the electric current being generated by a large permanent magnet in place of a galvanic battery .
. , . A Lckdos Burviso Gnousn . —Many years before his decease , the celebrated Chautrey attended a funeral at St . Martin ' s-in-the-Fields . The grave yard was strewed with human bones , aud the gravedigger was adding irreverently tothe heaps . Chantrey inquired what eventually became of the remains . The sexton replied with a smile that when they Tew too plentiful " they were carted off in loads " to the Thames . " A friend describes the effect of this answer upon the frame of Chantrey
as painful in tbe extreme . His cheeks grew sickly white , and perspiration poured down them . At the moment he looked himself a corpse newly risen from the grave before him . "I will take care , " he said , with a shudder , " that they do not cart my bones to the Thames . They shall he undisturbed under my native sod , " And , accordingly , there are five pounds per annum for ten poor boys of the village of Norton , so long as they will remember industriously to pluck the weeds ana to remove the nettles that deface the gravestone of
Francis Chautrey . u " Kossuth Miliiart Engineering School . —A correspondent says , "According to arrangements entered into by M . Kossuth during his stay in England , a military engineering school has been established , to teach Hungarian officers , resident in London , the art of militarv eng ineering , colonel Thaly , late director of the fortifications at Ivomorn , appointed by M , Kossuth as professor , g ave on Monday last his introductory lecture , in which he urged upon his audience in a spirited and significant manner , the necessity of making good use of their time . On this occasion he was honoured by the presence of General Vitter , other distinguished staff officers , and the military students who intend to avail themselves of the instruction given at this institution ; the practical nature of which it is expected will be attended with great auccese , — Daily Neive ,
Reasons For Tatf. Federative Union Betw]...
REASONS FOR TATF . FEDERATIVE UNION BETW ] -: UN TH 32 EMPIRES OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA . The federation of . 'ill nations and tho union of all peoples can o ] -u-. produce permanent peace among tlic huin . ai . raoo ; and without this peace , demoralizii i . ion , crime , and miserv , can never be made to terminate . To establish the federation of nations and the union of all peoples fc now deemed to be impracticable . And it is impracticable on the principles on which tho human character lias so far been formed .
As has been so ihu , uotitly stated in this Journal ami in othhr publications of the writer , the human f ' . » r :- > f . t . or hns ever been formed on the ciTor ..:: > u > notion that man creates his own pou . vs and qualities and thus forms his own . . ! - > v ; ... 'ier ; and this notion , Opposed to iu ! !'! i .:-l . ^ is an incessant cause of repulsive teHi . ! -:,. disunion , hatred , and anger , between ) .- ¦ n , ,- < nd man and nation and nation ; and tin : perpetual stimulus to contests , wars , uivl lightings .
It is utterly dosrr ;> - ; iiv- of tlie spirit of universal charity arm W . v . ; ; and it inilicts ignorance of their ov . - n nntarc upon all who are thus taught and i ' " - ' . . -.- ? to believe before they possess power .- - > i . reservation and reflection , and before the ' ; - . have acquired a sound or unprejudiced judgment . But with this evrer <¦ •! ' -r . vors removed , and with the knowled ge , derived from facts , —
'" that nature or God , lirsi , and societ y afterwards , are the true mm onl y creators of man ' s powers and o ' li'lities , and directors of his belief , will , and conduct , "—there will bo no difficulty in uniting" cordially man to man over the world , even "Kb all tlie variety of races , colours , and eli ... — .. and in combining all , with one intere > , f . »>> . i one object , into ono federation .
And by this ch .-. n--,- iar more may bo effected for the pevmujioiifc progress , excellence , and happine .- ; -.-i mankind , than lias been attained through .- . JI the past , or thnn can be attained t . lvi <» t > o ; 1 i the future on any system emanating vW > ra t . 1 ic supposition that man forms his own f .-wcrs and qualities , aud ought to be liuulo i ^ penaible for tho will and actions which they create . Instead of its bem :. * ' bevond human means
cordially to unite maw to man aud to induce all nations to federate ! r unite on principles of a just equality . jmi . I impossible to introduce and maintain ;» -: h unions in practice , —it will bo found thai tin princi p les of charity , love , and immv-.: < . ! attraction , which will necessarily arise lrom the knowledge that the qualities and powers or the character of all are derived from God and society , Avill _ * * make tlic union ef' the human race easy of
execution ; m fact , i In .-: union will bo a natural result emaiiaiiuL- i ' vom that knowledge . It is not possible t . bai ; in its present defective development the human mind can yet be expanded to co » i |< r"hentl all tlie mighty consequences to bfc S ' . ttainod from a princi p le of universal union aud attraction , or to conceive the differer-. - • . between the results of tins princi p le-, ano those necessaril y arising from tlic principle of .-isiraion and repulsion .
Why , let it be { ukee of tho leaders of all parties in all countries ; , should men prefer to uphold a false prinoipte-. which necessarily produces feelings of j-M-pocual general repulsion and ' continual ' ; vil (;••> every one , and to reject a true prineiplu , derived from unchanging facts , and whn : ii vt !? necessarily lead to universal union a . n- i » - productive of endless good to all ? Suchauirratux' . - 'i [•(••¦•• A . ediiig can emanate alone from a ci'ud < -. » rg ;;» , iii „ a > t " ou consequent upon early mis-iusi . n . icr . i .-ti , and from the deeprooted prejudices uiiioii such an education inflicts upon young : ud inexperienced minds .
It is impossible t ^ at an error so gross , so irrational , and so nniywaall y injurious to the human race , can be m-icli longer maintained ; for no ono has a r' "> i interest in its continuance , while all hi . * -- -n everlasting interest in its abandonment But when the mind nas been filled with innumerable assoei . iii- " ^ :-if ideas based on a false notion , and iin . '? -j ideas have been ramified through all the combined impressions in every departa-nt -.-f life through many years , —it [[ become- • • most difficult , and therefore a most irk-iiue task to unassociato ideas so long . '' -- ••• i : ited , and which have been settled as fi . uxl princip les which were never expected to be disturbed . ¦
Were it not ?¦ .. this difficulty , the mind could be easily n-r-.-vvd from early errors ; for truth is always - ; - pimple , so consistent , and so uniformly in ; -ccordance with all facts , that tiie " ( un-reindicod mind would , upon a plain sr : u-i n '; , readily understand and receive it . Children at a-n - ; . rl y age , who had not previously been niivm .-striictcd , could soon be taught to compivii- " . " - . — That they had n « ku » w"Icdgc or power _ to make themselves <•' :- » y -if the qualities which they possess . That , of thcinv-l >" -r . thoy could not think or speak any laiipn' : ; - " . <•< " do any act .
That whatever ;<»» vr- they possessed wore g iven to them i-idn . i . u their knowledge by nature or by soci < i y . That for thei * - i » i' - r , f nature and society they can have n- > mwi'U whatever , however much they may su " .. •<< :. ' ft bo superior to their companions or to " > li » ii . That should tl « -ir 1 . 1 ,.. -.-leal or mental qualities be superior i- «¦ i ¦ - - -.- - of some others , the possessors of th' - .-: n . i . erioi' qualities can havo no rations ! . . ! . . im ' ' or any artificial rewards from s ' .-eH * -. because nature lias
already rewarded ' ••" " •• -hove thou' follows ; and that , if artiii'iiai r-wsmls should bo given to any ( but whv-. ' n in ¦ ¦> , rational state of society will never ' - limnght of or required ) they should bo s- .- .-. c-l-.-. ! b tbo least favoured by nature , as i- v .-myciiyiition to make tiie parties more upon ;• just equality . That it is onl y ' .. y mankind being placed on a just equality . ;•• t : u- as it is practicable , that conteutmeiii > ¦ ¦ < u " no created , peace produced , and unit- ' • • ' •• t . ion for the benefit of all maintained . That , very j-H-:. ll y , when placed from birth within g <» - ; - "id intelligent circumstances—that is . " "Ui . n : those external
arrangements when- , iudm-iices on humanity are beneficial , men vilf i ^ - .-ome good aud intelligent ; aud vl .-. m . .. l .-.. ; od within evil and ignorant eircum :,- .... ^ . thoy will almost of necessity becom ' : nmni .-us to society and ignorant . That it there ;' --iv . l-..-.. mcs almost the first dictate of comm-u -mise , that the human race should cr oiv . none but good and superior external fin- instances , and as rapidl y as practicable .-b . ^ W now remove those of inferior charau-: n-m around the population of all nations
That it . will if ter "' ' interest and ponnazteu . happiness < -r '; nil . i-hat , as this ill-trained and mis-taughi . /; -i ^ . - ; iion shall pass away , new arrangem- "i . > • •' ' society should graduall y supersede i ! .-.- r vsenfc j by which there would arise a .- >"• ' aX'i mration of one class ot superior being .- :-- ••' ' " ^ tirul women welltrained and eC u-r-i-i i ' vom birth , p hysically , mentallymoralK " " >(! practically ; equal in
, education , trainii ' i-. i .-. 'id condition ; aud by whom wealth « wi ' '" - " created in superabundance for all , ; v : •¦ pastime and pleasure , bv directing the . .-jn-n-uons , under beautiful and health arrangements , of chemistry and mechanism , to p-M-iVm . like the creations of natnre , all Oi . - < t rational-made beings will ever require i- i heh-perpetual progress and
happiness . That to w « ll- _ " » ocii society , all its members must hi : "' i- ! 'l :- ^ d , to be well-trained
Reasons For Tatf. Federative Union Betw]...
educated , and employed , and united , and that they may be easil y instructed ill a knowledge of the arrangements by which they are to be so well-placed . And thus , before the age of fifteen , m .-ilc and female will be , b y these new arrangements , far better instructed in a knowledge of their own nature—of tho science of society —of tlie essential business of life—and in its practical operations , than any men and women have ever been , or can bo made to be under the ignorance aud errors of tho existing irrational svstem of societv both in lnin-• i i " ciple and practice .
Thoy will also be prepared , by a correct knowledge of their nat re , for universal union , based ou tlio princip le of universal charity and kindness and of puro love for our race . Thus will thoy comprehend the inimitable advantages to bo derived by all nations and peoples from a well-arranged constitution Ibr the permanent federation of nations . There is a happy future for the human race , —a future when all shall be made from their birth to become good , wise , and happy ; —when charity and love shall rcigu supreme over the population of the earth , —and when poverty , sin , and misery , shall be unknown .
\ V hen , also , there shall be an infinite variet y iu tlic goodness , wisdom , and happiness of man , to give pleasure and enjoyment to all . The materials requisite to effect this glorious change iu the condition of luuvuunty superabound , and are ' ampl y prepared ready for use . This full suppl y of materials is the first step gained towards the happy future ,
The next step will lie to iutuse the spirit of universal love aud charity into the character of all , aud thus to unite the human race as one family , and to prepare thorn for tho federation of nations , to an extent , ultimately , which will supersede all limited nationalities . And thus to form one nation , with one language and one interest , and without territorial limits .
The means to create this universal spirit of unity , and to permeate the heart and mind of man with puro charity aud love , have been discovered ; aud now , b y the aid of a free press , and of steam and electricity , may be rapidly convoyed to all peoples ; and this knowledge will terminate auger , hatred , jealousy , contests , aud Avar , and will thus make our earth for evermore a terrestrial
paradise , ever advancing , as knowledge shall increase , to a higher and higher degree of joyous existence . And behold how simple are the means b y which these all-glorious results may bo now attained ! All that is requisite to produce this Exodus of evil from the earth and to transform this globe into a paradise , is to make p lain to the general mind , that the faculties , qualities , propensities , and p owers of man , are forced upon him before birth , without his knowledge , by God or nature ; and that an ' moi'aut or wise direction is afterwards mven to them b y society .
An ignorant direction , when society surrounds tlie individuals with inferior and vicious circumstances ; ( which include persons as well as all other external objects ) . — A wise direction when societ y shall acquire sufficient knowledge to surround the individuals with those external circumstances which are good and superior . And through this kuowindge , vightly applied , society may now adopt measures b y which to ensure a good and superior character , p hysically , intellectuall y , morally , and practically , for every one . And to have such characters formed for all would produce the highest felicity for the human race .
Thus , by the adoption of tho true , instead of a false fundamental principle , tor the base of society , and by gradually superseding all inferior external objects by superior , may the earth be made a paradise , occupied by superior beings , with the qualities which have been attributed to angels , except their wings , And why , in the name of common sense , seeing that all the materials are abundantl y prepared , should not this change from wrong to right , from insanity to wisdom , from universal repulsion to universal attraction , und , consequently , from contests and misery to universal peace and happiness , — bo now commenced ?
Why should not the Parliament of Great Britain , the Congress of the United States of North America , and the National Assembly of France , at once enter fairl y and fully upon the investigation of this all-important subject ; that each assembly may ascertain , for the satisfaction of the population of each of those countries , and , through them , of the population of the world , whether the time has not arrived , in the due order of
nature , when , on princi p les fixed as the laws of nature , all-men from birth , by a new training and education , may bo made good , intelligent , rational , and most valuable to each other ? And when , also , real , substantive , and superior wealth may be produced annually ( regardless of gold and silver , the most imperfect shadows of it ) in superfluity for all , and by moans the most healthy , pleasant , and gratify ing to its producers ?
Also , whether the time has not arrived , in the due order of nature , for nations to conquer peace , by the federation of nations upon terms of a just and beneficial equalit y , somewhat similar to the federation of tho nations , now called States , forming the North American Union ? And whether nature has not been gradually preparing the Empires of Great Britain and of the North American Union
now to commence this federation of nations upon principles of perfect equality and justice , and which will be highly beneficial to every individual in both empires , and will become an example to be speedil y followed b y . France , Holland , Bel gium , Switzerland , and , soon after , by Russia , Italy , all Germany , including Hungary , and by Spain and Portugal : and thence would follow the populations of the remainder of tlie world ?
B y foresig ht and wisdom a few of the leading minds throughout society may speedil y calm the present ferment of irrationalit y which afflicts the governments and peoples of the powers of Europe , and preserve its peace , for the lasting benefit of both these now contending parties . AVhat are either governments or peoples to gain by victory ? An immense loss , whichever party maysucceed .
In either ease it will be a victory against itself ; for should a collision between the aristocratic and democratic principles once commence , it would be a contest between large masses of the people directed by the governments , and large masses of the people directed by those who desire to possess the power of government ; and on both sides the people would be the sufferers . And sufferers for what ? To maintain the irrational principles of aristocracy and superstition : or equally irrational princip les of democracy and superstition .
And who can inform the world of the ; extent of the wickedness and misery inflicted upon the human race by both these irrational modes of training , educating , and governing mankind , through all past time r The federation of nations is a plain , straightforward , and easy mode by which to teraiinate the present insane and Babel-like confusion of society over the world . To federatively unite nations upon a system of equality aud upon principles of strict justice to all , would calm the irrational passions for conquests , terminate the necessity
Reasons For Tatf. Federative Union Betw]...
for armies , permit the extravagant expenditure anil waste which armies create to produce the worst and most inferior circumstances over the world , to be applied to reeducate tho human race and to make them rational beings , and to surround them with those external objects only which should bo superior and would " produce " only beneficial influences npon all .
Iu fact , through tbo federation of nations tho path would be opened to remove all tiie obstructions which now prevent the human race being cordiall y united as one well-trained aud educated fiunily , —which prevent their adopting measures to make the earth fruitful and beautiful , and iu a comparatively short period to convert it into a continuall y improving terrestrial paradise .
Men of mind . '—men of influence . ' —men of humanit y !—men with common sense!—como to the rescue of the human race , from their irrational passions and prejudices in favour of ignorance , superstition , aud cruelty ,- —in favour of everything erroneous , loading to contests and misery , and opposed to tacts ; that they may be emancipated to knowledge , to wisdom , and to every thing leading to permanent , peace and happiness . And wh y this thraldom of humanity ? That men may eternally quarrel about worshipping they know not what , — that man , an atom , may do good to and glorify—¦ what ? The Almighty Power of the Universe ! about which ho knows next to uothiuir !
Let this insane proceeding now terminate in all nations . Lot man open his eyes , tnid see what an immensity of good united man may do for individual man , and generally , as society is now constituted , how little individual man can do for himself when opposed by united man . Let the nations of the earth now say , with their irrational passions aud prejudices calmed for the moment . , what will be the difference in human existence , between tlie present system of universal repulsion , disunion , and contests , and the happy future of universal attraction , unity , and peace , to be effected bv the federation of nations .
And why , — let it bo asked of the wisa ones of tlie earth , — should this future be distant , when all , without exception , would bo benefited beyond all present estimate . ? Why should not Kossuth and his American friend It . J . Walker now pass over to the United States and prepare them for , and propose to them this change ? Why should not Mazzini and his baud of secret conspirators become , at once , open conspirators against the present insane system of falsehood , force , and fear , and advocate the iiational union of Italy , Germany aud Europe generally ?
Why should not Louis Blanc , Cabet , and their ' Socialist followers in France , and Lcdru Rollin and his lied Republican associates , now advocate this rational ttnion of all , for ike permanent benefit of aid f And , above all , — Why should not our steady , calm , far-seeing statesmen , iu the Imperial Parliament of these realms , at tha opening of the approaching session , like men with mind and stamina , at once advocate this system of universal peace aud unity and prosperity , and waste no more invaluable time about childish inanities , but go direct to the work of men desirous of doing permanent good to themselves aud to their race ? Yes—Why ? I wait an answer .
Tlie discovery of tho application of steam on the ocean , and to railways on land , with that of electricity to telegraphs by land and water , has destroyed the isolation of nations . B y these links , and especially by the latter , nations now are or soon will be more essentially united than provinces in the same country have hitherto been . These discoveries , making the federation of nations easy of practice , added to the incalculable advantages to bo derived by all individuals in every country from such federations , will create an irresistible necessity for : vU nations thus to unite .
As soon as this subject shall be taken into consideration by tho statesmen and people of Europe and America , the advantages to all ranks and degrees in every country will be SO overwhelming iu individual and general interest , that no people or government will have any motive left to attempt to continug an isolated existence . But those discoveries , important as they
aro to induce nations to uuite iu a family bond of federation , would have been incomp lete to make this union one iu interest and feeling , without the discovery of tiie meanB to ensure a good , intelligent , aud rational character for all , and to create , with health and pleasure , at all times , a superiluity of substantial , useable , and enjoyable wealth , to be obtained by all without restraint , and without contest or competition . ( To be Concluded in our next . )
Discovery Or Coitkr Mines Is (Jubknusd.-...
Discovery or Coitkr Mines is ( Jubknusd .- * The scientific expedition which was sent out from Copenhagen to explore the great mountain chain which divides the whole of Greenland into two equal parts , arrived at the Danish colony of Juliana Ilhaal ) , in Greenland , on tho 12 th of September . On the following day tho work of investigation watf commenced in ihe mountains . Tlie very first blow of the gicluixe exposed vast quantities of coppet lying almost at the surface . It forms three distinct , brandies , and , to all appearance , is of great depth and vast extent . As the miners proceeded with their labours they dislodged masses of mineral of from 200 to OOOlbs . weight each , and containing pure copper ore of sixty , seventy , and 1001 fas .
weight . The engineers at the head of the expedition state that from the analogy which subsists between the conformation of tho mountains of Gttenlnnd and the Ural chain in Russia , thoy hav « every expectation of discovering mines of gold and platina and perhaps also of silver . Further intel-Ihjerioe from the expedition is looked for with great interest ivt Copenhagen . —J / oni ' fcur , Doc . 1 . Tiik G / tBAT ExiiiinriON . —The Great Exhibition , like many other great combinations which hava sowed their purpose , may be said to have quite passed' away . Its once numerous and busy staff have dwindled down to a mere fragment . Therfl is not a red jacket visible anywhere , the ordinary workmen being quite adequate , if they would only
put a little more steam on , to wheel out , in ; v very short time , the residue of the goods which still oo « cuny the building . Sut judging from the past , tha additional fortnight allowed for removal will not bo too long a period to effect a complete clearance . Some of the articles which we mentioned as having been packed more that a week since still encurnbeK the main avenue . The foreigners are not slow ia ascribing much of the delay that has arisen to tha customs' department ; and , no doubt , if the solidarity of nations were more advanced , and tha principle of commercial nou-interforcnoe leas authoritative , our foreign friends would energetically
swell the cry that has gone forth for a reformation in that quarter . Although the Crystal Palace , witi its "lass sides and covering , was said to bo anytiiiiVir but favourable to the propagation of harmony , its musical contributions arc amongst th « latest in their departure . The large organ in tha eastern end of tho gallery has been removed , and on Monday an ingenious workman was busily engaged in taking to pieces the internal mechanism ofDucroquet's French organ . That in the western gallery . still maintains its position , in the cxpecta * tion , it may be , of sending forth a note of welcome : to the visitors who will be admitted on the 8 th ol
this month . Hartlepool Seaukn ' s Friendly Associatiou .-- * A general meeting of the above body was held ia ; the Long lloom , Dock Hotel , Hartlepool , on thai 27 th Nov . Mr . It . Holmau , secretary to the asso *; elation , in the chair , when a very efficient and , lengthened lecture on the " Past and present oon « ditfon of British Seamen and their future profl « pects , " was delivered by Mr . Robert Young , of , Sunderland . The meeting was also addressed by Mr . T . G . Lucket , who moved the following , resolution , which was adopted , and carried »» " » - mously :- " That we , the seamen of Hartlepool lBI public meeting assemble d , are determined to con-, tinue tho aeltation eo nobly begua in January 1 m « _ ToiiJnSn & the adjacent p . orts , and ne 7 e « to cease witat ing until we Have gained a full audi complete ^^ f ^ f ^ JE ^ TSu ^ lS " tical aud social . " Tbe meeting was veU attend ** J , and after passing a vote of t banks to the CbMfc man , tha business terminate .
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 6, 1851, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_06121851/page/7/
-