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December 8, 1849. THE NORTff ERN STAR. 3
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ON RECEIVING A CROWN OF IVY FROM JOHS KE...
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THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW OF BRITISH AUD FOR...
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The TJxbridge Sp irit of Freedom. Conduc...
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The Progessionist. No. XI. Weekly Series...
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The O p eratives' Free Press. Conducted ...
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. Reynolds's Political Instructor. Edite...
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The Champ ion of what is True and Right,...
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DEATH OF THE QUEEN DOWAGEB. On Sunday la...
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Tub GDAnns Ann the Live.—The Siecle rela...
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V&tttlm
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Irrationality of Monarchy.—If nature doe...
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£ W -2 toJj-rt
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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December 8, 1849. The Nortff Ern Star. 3
December 8 , 1849 . THE NORTff ERN STAR . 3
Ib Mm
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On Receiving A Crown Of Ivy From Johs Ke...
ON RECEIVING A CROWN OF IVY FROM JOHS KEATS . BV I £ IOH HCST . A crown of ivy ! I submit my head To the young hand that gives it—voung , 'tis true . But with a right , for ' tis a poet ' s too . How pleasant the leavesfeel ! and how they spread With their broad angles , like a nodding shed Over both eyes ; and how complete and new , As on my bind I lean , to feel them strew My sense with freshness—Fancy ' s rustling bed ! Tress-tossing girls , with smell of flowers and grapes , Come dancing by , and piping cheeks intent , And thrown up cymbals , and Sylvanus old Inmpishly borne , and many trampling shapes , And lastly , with his bright eyes on her bent , Bacchus—whose bride has of his hand fast hold .
It is a lofty feeling , yet a kind , Thus to be topped with leaves—to have a sense Of honour—shaded thought—an influence As from great Nature ' s fingers—and be twined With her old , sacred , verdurous , ivy bind , As though she hallowed with that sylvan fence A head that bows to her benevolence , Midst pomp of fancied trumpets in the wind , ¦ fis what ' s within us , crowned . And kind and great Are all the conquering wishes it inspires , Love of things lasting , love of the tali woods , love of love ' s self , and ardour for a ' state Of natural good befitting such desires , Towns without gain , and haunted solitudes .
STRUGGLE ON BRAVELY . Oh ! sweet is the fair face of nature when spring , W ^ Uvmgflow ' r-rainbow in glory hath spann e d Bill and dale , and the music of birds on the wing , Makes earth seem a beautiful faery land ;—And ' tis dear to look on first-love ' s spirit wed bride With her sweet eyes just waning in tender eclipse—When the sound of our voice calls her heart ' s ruddy tide , TJp-rushing , in beauty , to melt on her lips . But earth has no sight half so g lorious to see , As a people up-girding its might to be free !
To see men awake from the slumber of ages , Their brows grim with labour , and hands hard and tan , Startup—living heroes—long dreamt of hy sages , And smite with strong arm the oppressors of man . To see them come dauntless forth ' mid the world ' s warring , The midnight mine-workers , and slaves of the sod-Show how the Eternal within them is stirring , And swear they'll no more bow down to a crowned clod . Dear God , 'tis a sight for Immortals to see , A people up-girding their might to be free 1
Struggle on travely—oh ! sons of humanity-Dash down the cup from your lips , oh ! ye toilers—Too lone bath the world bled for tyrants' insanity Too long our weakness been strength to our . spoilers . For Freedom and Bight , hearts of oak , struggle ever And speak ye to others the proud words that won ye ; Tour rights conquer'd once shall be wrung from ye never—Oh ! struggle on bravely , tie world ' s eyes are on ye . And earth hath no sight half so glorious to see As a people up-girding its might to be free ! TJxbridge Spirit of Freedom . Masset .
Ftetotett*
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The Democratic Review Of British Aud For...
THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW OF BRITISH AUD FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , AND LITERATURE Edited by G . Julian Harney . No . VH , December . London : E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wine Office-court , Fleet-street . A condensed history of the trials ofthe Red Republican Chiefs at Versailles , -will be found in this number of the Democratic Review , together with several articles on foreign questions , as , for example , a commentary on the
anniversary of the murder of the patriot Robert Blum ; Kossuth ' s farewell address to his country ; Louis Blanc ' s admirable letter to Joseph Mazzini ; and Mazzini ' s reply to Montalembert . The completion of the exposition ' of Louis Blanc s Scheme of Industrial Organisation , together with articles on the Condition of England Question , the Land , Poetry , ( a specimen of which appeared in last Saturday ' s Star ) , & c , & e „ complete the contents of the Review for December .
The following we extract from Louis Blanc ' s fifth letter on
SOCIAL REFORM . Need I prolong the enumeration of the advantages , that would result from the adoption ofthe new system ? In the industrial world around us , each successive discovery of science is a calamity , first ,- because improved machines supersede labourers , who must wort in order to live ; secondly because they are so many deadly weapons with which the manufacturer who has the ri g ht and the power to use them , arms himself against all who have not" this power or this right . The words New Machine , in the system of unlimited competition ,
mean monopoly ; this we have proved . aow . tne system of association and solidarity admits no natents of invetion , no exclusive esMtauon The inventor would be recompensed oy the State , and Ms invention would be immediately p laced at the disposal of society at large . Thus , discoveries which are at present instruments of extermination would he immediately converted into _ means of universal progress ; instead of reducing the workman to hunger , despair , and rebellion , they would serve to lig hten bis task , . and [ procure him leisure for the exercise of his mtelhgence ; in a
word , instead of facilitating granny , mey woum promote the triumph of fraternity . What could credit be ? A means of supplying the worlar ^ n-witb theimplemente andmaterials of his craft . At present credit is no such thing . They could not , if they would-lend to the poor , without ruining themselves . Banks , therefore , constitutedwith a view to individual interests , cannot infer any circumstances be other than an ingenious cTnSvance for enriching the rich , and enhancing the strength of the strong . Everywhere we find monopoly under the disguise of freedom ; everywheretvranny in the aspect of progress ! The pro-SSf gS & fcn would extirpate all these imqm-SeT The proportion of profit specially and invanabfy set apart ior the extension ofthe social
work-< shon bvthe recrmtalol iresu nanus—n » * « vu .-, vKaUV be credit . What further need then SSu have of banks ? Suppress them . w 3 thegrowih ofthe population be njatter of alarm , so sool as tbe certainty of ahvelihood ^ had accustomed every workman to ideas of order and habits of provident forecast ? . .. _ . } . Li a system which would assemble in each branch of industry , a number of men animated with the same spirit , acting under the same impulse , having common hopes and a common interest , what room would remain , I ask , for these adulterations , those IS lnWr « res , those habitual falsehood ^ SsC OCCUlt frauds , to which at pres ent every manufacturer , every tradesman , is driven by the neceSity of attracting , at any cost , h . s , »« ghbourS customers and gains ? In this respect , then , lndus-SSn wiuld be a very real and a very profnnnd moral revolution , and would make more con-01
verts in a single day , than all the Homines preachers and moralists have made man age . It has been shown how in the existing system , the education of the children of the poorer class is almost impossible . It would besopossible-so easy under ou / system , that it would be necessary to render it not only gratuitous , but obligatory . As every workman woufd have an assured jwejW audisufficient salary , whatng ht would he have to fcpen his children from school ? Many tttoughtnu 2 S St wonld at present be dangerous Sa ^ eldu ^ people-and they are right . But ^«» 2 ovS tTrJr ceivethat this dangerj ^ ucamn ^ i ov ^ wb % mgP roof of the a ^ ty ££ - £ «{ £ ssEg & ssas compassion 5 j ¥ ^ A ^ % the education of * " ffiJ ^ - * 'ibiK - %
discen-Sd " ^ th their lo ^^ J ^ Tgood order . But let the peop le be tg h , to *» ^ books , let them be ^ ug htttat Jygfmost hop . al mos tJ * fiL ^ n ^ ommious trades in curable ; that there are no » g » . h thing 1 S society , but only f *^ h tends to cV worthy of contempt , . but tha * ™™ ^ wean it ruptthe soul-to poison *™ f Selfishness , from fraternit j-to » o ^? children that society And let it a-b ^ JStaSlUdl « talis governed by . ^^^ ^ ous ? Instruction would educational be oan c and is ^»« B £ ! £ b abuses i * sawBsgJgj- ^ iffs SB ^ SS ^ fc- ?^ *~ tnrel How pitiful !
The Democratic Review Of British Aud For...
To recapitulate : A social revolution must hq attempted . First , because the present social order is too full of iniquities , of miseries , of turpitudes , to be able to subsist any longer . Secondly , because there is no one , whatever his position , his rank , his fortune , who is not interested in the inauguration of a new social order . Thirdly , because it is possible , nay easy , to accomplish this necessary revolution by pacific means . In the new world to which this revolution would introduce us , there would still perhaps remain something to do for the complete realisation of fraternity . But all would , at least , be prepared for this realisation , which would be finally accomplished by education . The human race has been too long turned aside from its gaol to admit of our now reaching it in a single day . The corrupting civilisation whose yoke we still endure has disturbed all interests , and
at the same time unsettled all opinions , and poisoned at its very source , the human understanding . Iniquity has become justice , falsehood has become truth , and men have torn each other fiercely in the dark . Many false ideas remain to be destroyed ; they will , let us not doubt it , disappear . Thus , for example , the day will come when it will be recognised that he who has received from God nobler endowments of strength or intellect , owes , in the same proportion , more to his fellows . Then it will belong to genius , adopting a conduct worthy of its eminence , to prove its legitimate sway , not by the magnitude ofthe tribute levied from society for its support , but by the grandeur of the services which it will render spontaneously to mankind . For it is not inequality of rights , but inequality of duties , that should properly result from inequality of capacities .
We add the following extract from the same great writer ' s eloquent letter to Mazzini : —
FEASOR AND ROUE . Was it not at the thought of Borne thus profaned , alas ! by French , soldiers , that in the month , of June , France burned with indignation when the parliamentary debates called forth such tragic echoes in our country , when sacrificing their position , fortune , liberty , and life to the right of protesting , certain representatives of the people decended into the public . streets , when Paris arose unarmed and indignant ; when , without concerted measures , but as it were by a common electrical impulse , Metz , Strasbarg , Iamoges , Perpignan and Toulouse were suddenly aroused to action ; when , at the sound of " Longlive Italy , " in Lyons , thousands of men rushed into the iaws of death ? And what still more
loudly proclaims that the whole of France must not be confounded with the French government in its late transaction , is , that since his tremendous explosion of publio indignation , we have seen , as the consequence of it , republicans everywhere hunted down like wild beasts , the proscription list enlarged , new prisons opened , journals suppressed , and their offices pillaged , literary men led through the country in irons , officers banished or condemned to death , and even whole regiments sent beyond the seas . Oh truly 1 we Democrats have paid dearly for this protest in favour of Italy . We complain not of our sufferings , but rather thank heaven we are allowed to endure them for such a cause . They are indeed expiatory sacrifices , and
blessed be they as they will one day plead the cause of France when she will have to appear before the tribunal of free nations to answer for the invasion of Rome . The protest it is true was a defeat . But why ? Ask General Changarnier , and he will point to his cannon . Now you , my dear Mazzini , who have so long lamented over your oppressed Italy , know how imposing is the demonstration and employment of force under certain circumstances . But does not Universal Suffrage exist in France ? This also is true , and it is not the least of our sorrows to observe through what a course of dark and tortuous policy these two great facts , the Bepublic
and Universal Suffrage , have been forced to pass . However , had it been possible to consult the people by an appeal to Universal Suffrage on the particular question of Italy , would the repl y have been hostile to Rome ? If the following question had been put to those electors who chose the present majority because they believed they were in a manner promoting what was represented to them as the cause of order ; "Itis proposed to go and attack a people who have never provoked ns , but on the contrary , have always declared themselves to be our friends . Itis proposed that republican France should go and destroy the republic at Rome ; do you think this just , and will you have it so ? " does any one suppose they would have answered in the affirmative ?
Fortunately the destinies of the future are not yet accomplished . Thanks to heaven France is a nation that contains within her the power to revive , to renew her youth and vigour , and at the very moment whenleast expected , to rise from the state of abasement in which she is sunk , to the proper level of her destiny . Her mission in history is not yet accomplished : she has the strength to undertake it , and how could she fail to do so now that she has to expiate a deed , which until it is thoroughly atoned for , compels us to hide our faces in the dust . No one needdespair that Francewill redeem her honour and atone for the crimes of her present infamous rulers ; but that can only be , when the Red Flag triumphant , shall proclaim the inauguration of the Democratic and Social Republic .
The Tjxbridge Sp Irit Of Freedom. Conduc...
The TJxbridge Sp irit of Freedom . Conducted b y Woiiein g Meit . December . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s-head Passage , Paternoster-row . " Why has the cause of the People not triumphed ? " " Tbe Condition of the Labourer , " " The People ' s living Martyrs , " and " Foes > to Progress , " are the titles of the principal contents of this number of the Spirit of Freedom . From the first named we give the following extract : — EFFECTS OF " MODERATION . "
What a mournful scene the world presents today ! The torch of liberty has for awhile been drowned in the waters of the Danube and the blood of our brothers ; many a true heart lies quenched in death ; many a noble champion of the people is in exile , and in prison . Milan has been trodden beneath the iron heel of Radetski ; Berlin wears the gyves and fetters almost as tightly as of old ; Hungary lies crushed and bleeding ; where the young life of Italy bleed so purely , and so free , those soulstrangling thugs , the Cardinals , are reigning rampantly , with their inquisition of tortures ; and , all over the continent , proscription and carnage are completing the bloody tragedy . Let us enquire how it is that the cause of the peoplehasnot triumphed ? Why have our great and glorious hopes set in blood ? Our enemies will tell us that Republicanism
is a failure—they wiU sum up the cost of revolution and ask you with a sneering chuckle , what have the people gained by the sum-age ? Trade , say they , is destroyed , and the poor are poorer I Babblers , go hush your miserable sophistry—the people only made half a revolution , thereby digging the grave of their own liberties . Had the people of France , with their oppressors at their feet , effectually fettered the reactionaries , and rendered them helpless till the deliverance of Hie whole people had been wrought out , where then would have been your taunts and sneers ? And why should they not he fettered and tamed ? Think of the atrocity of their crimesthink of the millions slain in hulks , bastiles , factories and mines—slain by these trafficker sin blood , in religion ' s name , each of whom may be dear to us , as the blood that warms the heart of a beggarly aristocrat .
We observe an announcement that a new and enlarged series of the Spirit of Freedom will be commenced on the 1 st of January , 1850 . We are g lad to note the successful progress of these cheap Democratic publications .
The Progessionist. No. Xi. Weekly Series...
The Progessionist . No . XI . Weekly Series . London : J . Watson , Queen ' -head Fassage , Patemoster-row . We notice several good articles in this number ofthe Progessionist , particularly one on the late trials at Versailles , from which we extract the following spirited observations : —
THE TRENCH DESPOTISM . The men tried at Versailles are some of those who are accused of having combined to destroy the government on the 13 th of June . The counselfor our brethren wished to p lead the right of the people to insurrection , but were not allowed ; they walked out of court and our brethren were undefended—and this occurred in France , , Republican France ! France—the land where millions have given up their heart ' s blood to found immortal liberty ! In France the constitution can be violated by the ministers with impunity—the will of a nation can be set at defiance by one man , and a few traitors , who have been elevated to power by the people .
Men who protested against such violation are thrown into prison , and when on their trial are not allowed to plead their right to insurrection against tvrants , who have not respected the laws , but broken them , and violated the constitution . If this be French liberty and French republicanism , let me be for ever subject to English despotism , and oligarchial power ; however hateful , it is infinitely preferable to such a swindle as the French constitution TheV have no constitution but such as \ inolccn chose to allow them ! 0 Frenchmen ! by aU rour past struggles for Ubcrty-by your undying love offatherland-by your attachment to free mstitutions-and byyour hatred of oppression-we
The Progessionist. No. Xi. Weekly Series...
beseech you to awake , to arise , to protest , and to prove to all Europe that you are not to be trampled under foot by a few vulgar tyrants .
The O P Eratives' Free Press. Conducted ...
The O p eratives' Free Press . Conducted by Working Men . December . Cambridge : J . Nichols , Fitzroy-square . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s-head Passage , Paternoster-row . This number of the Free Press contains articles on "The Closing Year , " "The National Eeform League , " " The . Labour Question , '' & c ., & c . From an article on " Man s Mission " we extract the following sensible argument in favour ofthe
BIGHT OF THE OPPRESSED TO OVERTHROW OPPRESSORS . If a thief meets us on the highway and demand " money or life , " we are not very particular as to the means we use , so long as we succeed in overpowering him , and this is unquestionably right . Ascending higher in the scale , if it is right to combat the thief who would take from us that to which he has no right , it is also a duty and a virtue to oppose our strength and influence against the powers of wrong and injustice , wherever they exist . It matters very little whether the thief and
oppresser be on Hounslow Heath , or in the region of Westminster , our duty is the same . He must be " put down , " or else we must submit . Even governments are not—or should not be—exempt from this law . A government should exercise authority and influence for the benefit of the people whose servant it is ; and , when we see it dealing justly and impartially to all , it is our bounden duty to respect and support it . But when a government forgets its duties to the people , demanding " money or life , " the people are unquestionably justified in seeking the overthrow of that government , and in using every means in their power to effect it .
This publication , too , will be enlarged on the 1 st of January . The under-current of Democratic progress is evidently making headway .
. Reynolds's Political Instructor. Edite...
. Reynolds ' s Political Instructor . Edited by 0 . W . M . Reynolds . Part I . London : J . Dicks , Wellington Street North , Strand . The first monthly part of this exceedingly cheap aud good pennyworth of political information fully justifies the praise we bestowed on the first number . The articles by the Editor and his several contributors are first-rate , both as regards the principles advocated , and the ability displayed by the writers . "A New History of England , " together with histories of " The Aristocracy , " and "Human Slavery , " are invaluable contributions to the good work of popular enlightenment . The other contributions on political and social questions are too numerous to specify . We give the following extracts from two articles by the editor : —
A LESSON FOR THE PEOPLE . When we sec thousands and thousands collecting to behold the ginger-bread pageantry of Lord Mayor ' s Bay , and the feudal splendour of a young German Prince who has been fortunate enough to become the Queen ' s husband , and to whom the people are unfortunate enough to have to pay about £ 47 , 000 a year , independently of his royal wife ' s immense revenue , —when we remember that these traditionary specimens of barbaric mummery would not be persisted in at all , were it not for the species of enthusiasm that appears to welcome their appearance , —and when we recollect that they would sink into utter insignificance and perish of pure inanition were the people to display a rational spirit bv
remaining away from them , —we really think that it is the fault of the millions themselves if common sense be thus insulted by the donkeyism of Lord ' s Mayor ' s Day and the flunkeyism of princely processions . But so long as such spectacles shall have the power of inspiring the multitudes with a childish delight , how could we bo surprised if the youth of nineteen or twenty should suddenly leave his father ' s table to indulge in a game of marbles ? And were such a thing known to happen , every one would exclaim in mingled disgust and pity , " You will never make a man of one whose mind is so thoroughly childish ! " Yet those persons of mature years who flock to feast their eyes upon the despicable nonsense of a Lord Mayor ' s Show or the gaud
and gutter of a x ' rince s procession , are equally liable-to have the strength of their minds and the solidity of their intelligence very grievously suspected . Let it however be observed that the middleclasses are even more childish and puerile in these respects than many of the working-classes . Your middle-class man will run a mile to see a lord—a real , living lord ;—and if the . said lord , should only enter his shop , he will talk of the incident for a year afterwards . The men who are the heroes of the tom-foolery of Lord Mayor ' s Day and who don their Sunday ' s best to give a Prince what they call " a fitting welcome , " likewise belong to the middleclass . The Lord Mayor is a member of that class : the individuals forming the committee for the opening ofthe Coal Exchange were members of that class ;—and at ail such exhibitions the wealthy merchants and chiefs of the shopocracy are sure to
have , a finger in the management and arrangements . Then , what of the aristocracy ? Why , at the public strangulation of the Mannings , there were present numerous scions of that oligarchical class . One " noble lord " paid ten guineas for a seat and drove down in his cab at six o ' clock on the fatal morning , alighting in Great Suffolk-street , and repairing on foot to the house where " a window" was reserved for his special behoof . Another " noble lord" entertained seven or eight " honourables" at a champage breakfast in a public-house commanding a view of the hideous scene;—and " gentlemen of fashion" were as plentiful on the occasion as " gentlemen of the swellmob . " Thus did the representatives and scions of the immaculate aristocracy mingle with the multitudes whom , on their return to their Clubs , they denounced as " the rabble , " the " rift-raff , " "the unwashed , " & c . & c .
Now , what is the lesson that these facts should teach the working-classes ? That they would in future do well to abstain from visiting either sights of pomp or sights of horror . By acting in this manner , they will show their intelligence in the one sense and their humanity in the other . Do tho people wish to put an end to trumpery raree-shows and the false , hollow , and barbarian splendour which only stands out in more tremendous contrast with the rags , squalor , and destitution ofthe sons and daughters of toil ? Do the people wish
to put an end to the punishment of death and all its demoralising influences upon society ? I am certain that the response to both queries is in the affirmative . Then , let the people abstain from gathering in crowds to gaze open-mouthed upon the tinsel shows which ought to be despised , and the barbarian scenes which ought to be execrated . By adopting this course , they will prove that their intelligence , and their humanity are alike in advance of the intelligence and humanity of the upper and middle-classes .
CHARTISM . Where is the element of disorder in this system ? —how does it merit to be held up as a bugbear ?—why do the Government and tho press denounce it ? Because the six principles whereon Chartism is based — or rather , which constitute Chartism—are the subline effluence of Truth ; and Truth is dreaded by those who fatten upon the rottencss of political institutions and the corruption of vitiated society . The Government denounces Chartism , because that Government belongs to the Aristocracy and not to the people—because it springsfrom an oligarchy and not from tho nation;—and the Press denounces Chartism , because the newspapers , with a few glorious exceptions , are either subsidized by the Government , or are the property of men belonging to
those classes which have usurped all rights , all privileges , and all powers . Thus the world has been viewing Chartism through a false medium ; and the consequence is that many persons who are naturally well-disposed and even of liberal tendencies , have been-taught to look upon Ciiartism with abhorrence . It has been the study , because it has been the interest , of the Government to throw all possible odium upon Chartism ; and the newspaper organs have artfully contrived , while seconding that view , to associate all infamy , all horror , and all ideas of spoliation , with tho names of Chartism and Chartists , carefully avoiding all calm and dispassionate discussion of the principles , A scented , kid-gloved , and white-waiscoated aristocratic Member of
Parliament would as soon be accused of having brought the pestilence with him from Cairo , as of being a Chartist ; and yet this man might possibly hold the very doctrines enunciated by Chartism , if he were intelligent enough to think for himself , and honest enough to avow the result ofhis thinking . A millocrat will say to his overlooker , " Wc will have no Chartists in our factory ;"—and a rich West-end tailor or linen-draper , who keeps his carriage would discharge his groom or his footman , if he were to overhear either one whispering to his
fellow servants a confession that he was a Chartist . Thus , my dear readers , you perceive that the slur is thrown upon the name , and not upon the ^ rincipfes of Chartism . For the latter are beyond all possibility of attack : no argument can destroy thorn—no sophistry refute them;—and thus those who dread Chartism because it is a system of Truth , have recourse to the dirty , mean , and despicable expedient of dragging its name in the mire , Were the name of Chartism altered to some other ism , still preserving however the principles whole
. Reynolds's Political Instructor. Edite...
and entire , how many thousands of persons would exclaim , " Ah ; this is indeed a g lorious system ! I shall give my instantaneous adhesion to it . All honest and right-minded men ought to support it . " Such ; would be . tho exclamation ; and those who have been taught by influential friends , by habit , by the Press , and by the constant outpourings of aristocratic and middle-class virulence , to look upon Chartism as a monstrosity , and its adherents as brigands , would rush to array themselves under the standard of the same doctrines with another name . But those doctrines shall retain tho name of Chartism—because it is more glorious for the votaries of Truth to conouer prejudices than
to concede any point to the ignorance and illiberality of classes . Yes—the name of Chartism shall be preserved , because many good and great men have already embarked in the cause—suffered in its behalf , and valiantl y fought the battle of common sense against despotism and intolerance . It shall be preserved , because the working classes love it and are proud of it : —and , inasmuch as the real intelligence of the country resides in the masses , those who were the first to appreciate the sublime trutlts of Chartism shall not be called upon to abandon one tl ? ° j ' they have Jearat io admir (? ' uphold , and to demand—no , not even the name ! # * *
What is the mission of Chartism ? A peaceful , legal , and constitutional change in those systems which are invested with too much of ancient feudalism to suit modern civilisation . Chartism docs not contemplate a bloody revolution—does not want it ; its very votaries would be the first to suffer by such an insane course . Chartism does not intend spoliation and general plunder : its leaders and its adherents are too honest and too humane , too just and too generous , to entertain such a barbarous idea . _ Chartism does not seek to unset societv : its
apostles and disci ples are intelligent philanthropists whose object is to remodel , and not to destroy . Those who live by industry , are not desirous to paralyse industry : they will not burn the dwellings which shelter their own heads , nor the corn-fields which feed their mouths . Away , then , with all calumny relative to the Chartists and Chartism : be ye honest , 0 Aristocracy , if ye can—and ye too , 0 Middle-class , if you will—and confess at length that Chartism is truth , not falsehood—philanthropy , not atrocity—order , not chaos !
The portraits [ of "eminent political characters" contained in this part are those of " Sir Joshua Walmesley , M . P ., and Feargns O'Connor , M . P . ; " " George Thompson , M . P ., " "Joseph Mazzini , " aud "Thomas Cooper . " As the cheapest and best of the unstamped weekly publications , the Political Instructor deserves , and must command an immense circulation .
The Champ Ion Of What Is True And Right,...
The Champ ion of what is True and Right , and for the Good of All , Ashtonunder-Lyne : E . Hobson , Old-street ; Manchester : A . Heywood , Oldham-streeet . This publication continues its useful course , advocating the rights , and making known the grievances , of the Factory-workers . The articles by Mr . Oastler and other friends of the working-classes , will well repay perusal .
Death Of The Queen Dowageb. On Sunday La...
DEATH OF THE QUEEN DOWAGEB . On Sunday last , a London Gazette Extraordinary was issued announcing the death ofthe Queen Adelaide , the Consort of the late William the Fourth , in tho following terms : — Whitehall , December 2 nd , 1849 . This morning , at seven minutes before two o ' clock , her lfajesty the Queen Dowager departed this life , at Stanmore Priory , to the great grief of her Majesty and of all the Royal family , after a long and protracted illness , which she bore with exemplary patience . The loss of this most excellent princess will be deeply mourned by all classes of her Majesty ' s subjects , to whom her many eminent virtues rendered her the object of universal esteem and affectfon .
Most of the deceased Princess ' s relatives were resident in the Priory at tbe time of her death , that event having been expected for some time back . Expresses were immediately afterwards forwarded to the Queen and the other members of the Royal Family , as well as to the Lord Mayor of London , and the great bell of St . Paul ' s was tolled , as customary , upon such occasions . We abridge the following biographical notice from the Times and Daily News : — " The late Queen Dowager was the daughter of one of the petty Princes of Germany . Saxe-Meininc ; en is very nearly the smallest State in Europe , not half the size of an English county , with a metropolis consisting of about 600 houses . George , the late reigning Duke of that miniature sovereignty ,
espoused a daughter of the House of Hohenlohe-Langenburgh ; their eldest daughter was the Princess who has resided amongst us for thirty years . The late Queen Dowager Amelia Adelaide Louisa Theresa Carolina was born on tho 13 th of August , 1792 , a period of much anxiety to all Sovereign Princes and their families . In the year 1803 her father died , the Princess Adelaide being then only eleven years of age , while her brother and sister were both younger still . To the guardianship of their mother , the dowager Duchess , these youthful descendants of the House of Saxe-Meiningen were of course confided . They received their education in comparative retirement , especially the two Princesses . The early years of the Princess Adelaide were passed alternately at the ducal palace in tbe
capital city of Meiningen , and at the castle of Aitenstein , a country residence , where the reigning family were accustomed to spend the summer months . Her late Majesty Queen Charlotte—the mother of King William IV . —being herself the daughter of one who ruled a little German State , took a natural interest in all who belonged to her own order , and it so happened that while the Princess Adelaide was yet in early youth the fame of her discretion and her virtues reached the English Court . To the grief of this nation the Princess Charlotte of Wales and her infant child were , in the month of November , 1817 , consigned to the tomb ; the Regent wag childless ; and four of the Royal Dukes , Clarence , Kent , Cambridge , and Gloucester —though all advanced in life—resolved forthwith to
contract matrimonial alliances . The late Duke of York being married and without issue , it was naturally considered that the descendants of the Duke of Clarence , if he should marry , would stand next in succession to the throne . At the especial instance of Queen Charlotte he solicited the hand ofthe Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen , and his suit was successful , "for seldom Princes sue in vain . " The preliminaries of their union having been settled in London , and at Meiningen by Plcmpotentarie . i on both sides , and the Regent in council having signified his assent , the young German Princess , in the twenty-sixth year of her a ge , quitted her fatherland to espouse an elderly gentleman of fifty-three . Her Serene Highness , accompanied by her mother , and attended by a numerous suite ,
arrived in London on the 4 th of July , 1818 , and took up her temporary abode at Grillon ' s Hotel , whither the Regent and the Duke of Clarence immediately went to greet her arrival , though the hour was as late as ten o clock at night . On the 9 th of the same month the Princess was presented to Queen Charlotte , and on the 18 th her marriage took place . The Duke and Duchess of Kent had previously been married at Leiningcn ; but as it was deemed expedient that they should be re-married in England , their Royal Highnesses paid a short visit to this country for that purpose , and their second nuptials took place at Kew upon the day that the Duke and Duchess of Clarence were married ; the same ceremony serving to unite both brothers to their respective consorts . At these
Royal weddings there was nothing of the state or splendour which has marked similar events in more recent times , the only persons present being the members ofthe Royal Family , the Lord Chancellor , the Earl of Liverpool , Lord Sidmouth , and the necessary registrars . This double marriage was solemnised by the Archbishop of Canterbury , assisted by the Bishop of London ; the ceremony took place at three o ' clock in the afternoon ; the moment it was over the two Prelates and the three Ministers of State took their departure , in the evening the Duke and Duchess of Clarence drove up to St . James ' s Palace , where they remained only a few days , and then proceeded for a short time to tho Duke ' s residence at Bushy Park . His Royal Highness soon after came to tho
resolution of spending some time on the continent , and , accompanied by the Duchess , he embarked at Dover in less than three weeks after his marriage , and proceeded by way of Calais travelled onwards to Hanover After the lapse of a year the Duke and Duchess returned to England , from that time forward residing chiefly at Bushy-park . " However happy this union with the Princess Adelaide may have been , the hopes with which it was formed were in one respect disappointed ; He had no heir , one child only , the Princess Elizabeth , having been borne alive , and sho was committed to the grave in a very few months after her birth . With tho execution of two visits to Germany , one
in the year 1822 , and the other in 1825 , it cannot bo said that the life of the Duchess of Clarence was much varied ; but this apparent absence of exciting pursuits resulted not from incapicity of enjoyment , but partly from ill-health , and somewhat , also , from prudential considerations . In the comparative privacy of Bushy-park , therefore , she would have been abundantl y happy but for the feeble state of her constitution , which even then gave warning of the premature old age that has prevented her reaching the ordinary limit of human existence . Since her marriage twelve years had elapsed and her Royal Hi ghness was still Duchess of Clarence ; on the 26 th of June , 1830 , she became Queen of England . ' On the 1 st of August , 1831 the Queen assisted her Royal Consort in opening New London-bridge ,
Death Of The Queen Dowageb. On Sunday La...
and on the day following a bill received the royal assent granting in tho event of Queen Adelaide surviving the King a provision of £ 100 , 000 per annum for life . . Bushy-park and Marlborough House to be assigned as residences for her Majesty during life . " On the 8 th of September , in the same year , tho coronation of the late King and Queen Adelaide took place at Westminster Abbey . In accordance with the wishes of their Majesties , the ceremonial was shorn of tho extravagant pageantry and chivalric absurdities which distinguished that of the previous sovereign , yet the inauguration was imposing and not attended by an enormouse expense . "In November ( the 15 th ) much public consternation was occasioned by the dismissal of tho
Melbourne ministry by the King , and owing to tho public insinuation that the Queen had influenced his Maiesty in the dissolution of the Whig administration , she for the only time in her life suffered in popular favour . " The spring of 1837 was one of mourning . The Queen-Adelaide received the information ofthe demise of her mother , on the 29 th of April , having attained thea ^ e of sixty-eight years . "Beforethe Queen had recovered from that bereavement , the fatal illness of the late King commenced ; symptoms which indicated organic disease of the heart became perceptible , and of a nature never likely to yield to medical treatment . In reference to tho conduct of that illustrious ladj
during the trying illness of the late King , the late Archbishop of Canterbury , at a charitable meeting held shortly after the decease of the King , said that ' For three weeks prior to his dissolution , the Queen sat by his bedside , performing for him every office which a sick man could require , and depriving herself of all manner of rest and refection ; she underwent labours which I thought no ordinary woman could endure ; no language can do justice to her meekness , and to tho calmness of mind which she sought to preserve before the King , while sorrow was preying on her heart ; such constancy of affection , I think , was one of the most interesting spectacles that could be presented to a mind de-Siring to be gratified by the sight of human
excellence . The King expired jn the arms of his exemplary and faithful partner . "Durin g the last seven or eight years Queen Adelaide ' s health—never good—has been rapidly declining , and even before the death of the King she found frequent change of residence necessary to the preservation of life . Soon . after her accession to the throne she visited Germany , on that occasion travelling incognita under the title of Duchess of Lancaster ; and , as well before as during her widowhood , she has been more accustomed to migration than even the most restless members ofthe higher and wealthier classes in this country , for to her repeated variation of abode had long been a matter move of necessity than of choice . Her Maiesty has
visited not only many parts of England and tho continent , but also the islands of Madeira and Malta ; at the latter place the church of Valetta was founded and endowed by her munificence . She likewise contributed to almost every public charity , and to the funds of nearly all the societies engaged in the advancement of reli gion , amongst which are the Society for the Propogation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts , the Colonial Bishopric Fund , the Sons ofthe Clergy , the churches in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland , the Emigrants Episcopial Fund , the churches in Australia and Cape Town ; the cathedral at Adelaide , and that also at Newfoundland ; the London Diocesan Board of Education , the Ragged Schools Fund , the National Society , the
Christian Knowledge Society , the Church Building Society , the Church Missionary Society , the Metropolis Churches Fund . It was the practice also of her Majesty to subscribe largely to all the charities in every place where she happened even for a time to reside . The latter part of her life was one long disease . During the last two or three months her Majesty was so grievously indisposed as hardly ever to have quitted her private apartments . Shortl y before she expired all suffering seemed to cease , and sho retained to the last perfect composure of mind . " A Supplementary Gazette , published on Monday , ordered the omission , in future , ofthe prayer for the Queen Dowager wherever it occurs in the Book of Common Prayer .
Wo have reason to believe that the usual ceremony of " lying in state" will be dispensed with , for the first time during many centuries , in the case of her late Majesty the Queen Dowager . It appears that an objection exists to the ceremony taking place at Bentley Priory in consequence of that mansion not being Royal property . The removal of the late Queen ' s remains to London for the purpose is also thought undesirable on many accounts , not the least of which is said to bo the
great risk of accident from the rush of spectators who would inevitably endeavour to obtain admission to the ceremony . Another deviation from the usual custom with deceased members ofthe Royal family is the omission of tho process of embalming the bedy , which has been dispensed with by express desire of her late lamented Majesty . The second coffin , which is lined throughout with lead , was sent down to Stanmore on "Wednesday . The funeral , it is generally supposed , will take place at Windsor on Saturday , the 15 th inst ., in a most private manner .
Tub Gdanns Ann The Live.—The Siecle Rela...
Tub GDAnns Ann the Live . —The Siecle relates tho following . — " a circumstance took place a short time since in one of our central cities which will furnish matter for a new chapter in the celebrated tribulation of tho National Guard . A citizen soldier on coming to the guard-house in the evening , found that he had forgotten his kepi ( foraging cap . ) He demanded permission from his officer to go home and seek this necessary appendage , in order to protect his head from the cold during the night . Tho officer , however , who knew the difficulty of again collecting his flock when once they were allowed to stray from the fold , refused , but told him that as a patrol would probably have to pass bis house he might avail himself of that opportunity to fetch tho
article . The honest citizen was compelled to resi gn himself to this decision , and at the appointed hour started with the patrol . On reaching his house ho requested his comrades to halt , ana gave a loud knock at the door . It was for some time unanswered , but at length a window was open , and the voice ofhis young and pretty better half demanded who it was that thus demanded admission . The husband insisted that she should open the door without delay , but to this she made a thousand objections—it was late , she had no light , and moreover it was cold to comedown . The husband insisted , and became angry , but at length yielded to the arguments ofhis fair spouse , ana requested her to throw him his hpi . She retired from the
window , and in a moment returned and threw the object in question to her lord and master . Ho pocketed it , and marched off . On the rounds of the patrol being finished , they returned to the guard house , when our hero took the kepi from his pocket and p repared to make himself comfortable , but no sooner had he seated himself by the fire , and begun to compose himself for a nap , than his comrades begun to laugh . On demanding the cause of their merriment one of them said , " Why , my dear , how many campaigns have you made that you should have so suddenly been made an officer ? " "I an officer ! " said he ; " what do you mean ? you see by my worsted epaulettes that I am only a simple
chasseur . " It would appear , however , by your kepi , " said his tormentor , " that you are a captain in the regiment ofthe line . " " In tho line !" said the husband , "what a stupid joke . " " Parlluel why then look at your kepi , and you will see that what I say is true . " The unfortunate husband took the kepi from his head , and there found the cause of the disinclination of his spouse to let him into the house . The kejn was that of the captain in a regiment in garrison , in the town . The suite of the affair may be divined . The husband ran with all speed to his house ; he found his wife alone , who accused him loudly of calumniating innocence . Nevertheless , atrial and a judicial separation have been , it was said , tho result of the adventure .
.. Combat with a Tiger . —Baitavia , Sept . 29 . — From tho Residency , Romhang , a communication has been received of a rare instance of tho intrepidity of a nativo , which has been crowned with an extraordinary fortunate result . This native , named Wiro Dipo , went at nine o ' clock in the morning of the 1 st of August to tho forest situate near th « Dessa Dagan , intending to search for Areen leaves to make mats of ; and he bad provided himself with a hatchot fit to 9 Ut grass and light wood . Shortl y after his entrance into the forest , he discovered , at a short disfctnee behind him , a tiger of the largest kind roady to spring upon him . Without awaiting the leap , Wiro Dipo himself attacked tho monster , and gave him some wounds with his liffht
weapon , which caused the tiger to tail down roaring dragging his assailant down with him but the last succeeded in raising himself , and in giving a number of blows to the tiger , who expired under them . Wiro Dipo came without any wound out of this battle , and it is believed that this nearly inexplicable circumstance may be ascribed to the rapidity and intrepidity with which Wire Dipo anticipated the leap of the tiger , and to the fear which thus must have caused to the tiger , tho timorous as well as cruel nature of this kind of animal being sufficiently known . The skin of the tiger was measured afterwards , and it was then found that its length from the nose to the beginning of the tail was five feet two inches , and including tho tail eight feet five and a half inches .
A Government Contribution to Science . — A letter has been addressed to the council by Lord John Russell , offering to place at the disposal of the Royal Society , for scientific purposes , this year , £ 1 , 000 , and probably tho same amount in successive years . It is quite unnecessary for us to say , that the offer has been accepted . Governments subsidies to Science and her sisters are not sufficiently numerous to make an announcement like this uninteresting to our readers . The money given is not the sole good : the measure marks progress , while it aids it .-rMhenmm ,
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Irrationality Of Monarchy.—If Nature Doe...
Irrationality of Monarchy . —If nature does not make one man lord over "his brethren , ho can never come to bo their lord , unless they make him so , or he subdue thorn . If he subdue them , it is an act of violence contrary to ri ght , which may consequently be recovered . If they make him lord , it is for their own sakes , not for his ; and he must seek their good , not his own , lest he degenerate from a king into a tyrant . He , thereiore , who would persuade us that the dominion of every nation does naturally belong to one man , woman , or child—at a venture —or to their heir , ( whatever he or she be , as to age , sex , or other qualifications ) , must prove it good for all nations to be under them . But as reason is our
nature , that can never bo natural to us that is not rational . Reason gives equal power to those who have equal abilities and merit : it allots to every one the part he is most fit to perform , and this fitness must be equally lasting with the law that allots it . —Algernon Sydney ' s Discourses concerning Government , 1698 . A Provident Dutchman . — " What is the matter with you ? " said a gentleman to an old Dutchman , as he crossed tho Strand . " X got the rfreumatiz , " was tho answer . Tho gentleman advised him to rub himself with brandy until it penetrated well . " Oh , man I dosh petter , than that ; I drinks te brandy , and then I rubs my legs with tho _ . in . »
pjitiu . When an Oxford student was under examination in the schools , he was asked to point out " which were the greater and which were tho lesser prophets ? " This was a '' stunner " to Hopeful , for a moment . He , however , soon rallied , recovered his self-possession , and answered with the most cucumberish and icebergish nonchalance , " I never like to make invidious distinctions . " The imperious necessity of rhyme is well illustrated in the following touching epitaph : — "Under this stone , aged three score and ten , Lies the remains of William . "Wood-hen * * For lion road cock—cock wouldn't coma in rhyme . "
An Editorial Apology . —A Hoosier editor gives a very good reason for want of editorial matter , thus : — " A little , ' circumstance' in our domestic affairs , which is not likely to occur oftener than once in a year or two , must apologise for any deficiency in the editorial department . Payment of Members . —May , paid Mi \ Francis Anderson ' s salurie for being Parliament man for the towne of Newcastle , 128 dayes , the last Parliament , at 13 s . 4 d . por day is £ 85 6 s . 8 d . —Munkijial Accomts of Newcastle . A METROPOLITAN HOUSEKEEPER advertised l'CCCntly for a wet nurse . A young Irish girl offered herself . " How old are you , Bridget ? said the dame . " Sixteen , plaise ma ' am . " "Have you over had a baby ? " "No ma am , but I am very fond of them . " " Then I ' m afraid , Bridget , you will not do forme . It is a wet nurse I want . " " O , please ma am , I know I'll do ; I ' m very aisy to teach . "
A Free Church minister in Glasgow , ono Sunday morning , gave out as the morning lesson , the fourth section of the 119 th Psalm ; and while his congregation were looking out the " portion" in their Bibles , the Doctor took out his mull , and , seizing a lusty pinch with finger and thumb , regaled his nose with the snuff . He then began the lesson : '' My soul cleaveth unto the dust ! " The titter that ran round the church , and the confusion of tho poor prie » t , showed that both the congregation and he felt the Psalmist ' s " pinch . " The burning of the dead , instead ofthe burial , is advocated in tho Builder , by " Lc Feu ; " and , certainly , to inurn the ashes of the departed is more graceful and more wholesome than to give their bodies to the worms .
The First Look . —A man s look is tho work of years . It is stamped on the countcnace by the events of his life ; nay , more , by the hand of Nature ; and it is not to be got rid of easily . There is , as it has been remarked repeatedly , something in a person ' s appearance , at first sight , which we do not like , and which "ives an odd tinge , but which is overlooked in a multitude of otkerVircumstances , till tho mask is thrown off , and we see this lurking character verified in the plainest manner in the sequel . We are struck at first , and by chance , with what is peculiar and characteristic ; also , with permanent traits and general effects . These afterwards go off in a set of unmeaning , common-place details . This sort of prima facie evidence , then shows what a man is , better than what he says or does—for it shows us tho habit of his mind , which is the same under all circumstances and disguises . —Hazlitt .
An American wigut , Fowlhouso , has applied to his state legislature for permission to change his name to Chickencoop . There is no accounting for tastes , Young gentlemen who would prosper in love , should woo gently . It is not fashionable for young ladies to take ardent spirits . Rogers ( the Poet ) and the Misses Cushman . — Tho younger Miss Cushman was congratulated one day by Mr . Rogers on a report of her approaching marriage . She denied the rumour , adding that sho did not think it probable that she should ever marry , as she had not met any one of a manly tone of mind ; if she ever married , it would be one of a strong masculine nature . " Indeed , " replied the wit , " then why don't you marry your sister ?"Powell ' s Living Authors of England ( American , )
VICTIM OP A ( PROOF READER . An American editor tells the following story . He was visited by a " victim of a proof reader , " who addressed himself to the editor as follows : — " Two years ago I was in love . I was jilted . Hang details ; the upshot is the main thing . Well , I had tried the young lady and found her wanting ; and I thought I would quote a line of Scripture unto her , as a motto for some bitter and reproachful verses . " So holding a manuscript in one hand high up , and placing the other arm a-kimbo , he read as follows : — " TO ONE FOUND WANTING . " Mene , mem , tekel , ujtiarsin . ' "—ScRino'RE . " Thou art no more , what onco I knew Thy heart and guileless tongue to be ; Thou art no longer pure and true ,
Nor fond , to one who knelt to thee ; Who knelt , and deemed thee all his own , Nor knew a dearer wish beside ; Who made his trembling passion known , And looked to own thee for a bride . What is the vow that once I heard From those balm-breathing lips of thine ? Broken , ah ! broken , word by werd , E ' en while I worshipped at thy shrino . ' Broken by thee , to whom I bowed , As bends the wild-flower to the breeze , As bent the Chaldcen , through the cloud , To Orion and the PJoiadei .
But thou art lost ! and I no more Must drink thy undeceiving glance ; Our thousand fondling spells are o ' er—Our raptured moments in the dance , Vanished , like dew-drops from the spray , Are moments which in beauty flew ; I cast life ' s brightest pearl away , And false one breathe my last adieu !" Here he stopped—his grey eyes rolling in a wild frenzy—and drew a newspaper from his breeches pocket . " Sir , " said he , striking an attitude , " I sent them verses for to be printed into the Literary Steam-boat and General Western Alligator . It is a paper , sir , with immense circulation . A column in it , to be read by the boatsmen and raftsmen ofthe west , is immortality , I say nothing . Just sec how my effusion was butchered . I can ' t road it . I took the paper , a little yellow six-by-eight folio , and read thus .
" to ore pound washing . "' Mere , mere , treacle , 0 'Sariin /'—Sculpture ¦ ' Thou bast no means at once to slew Thy beasts , and girdless tongue to tree ; Thou hast no l ' argent , pure and true , Nor feed , for one who knelt to thee : Who knelt , and dreamed they all his own , Nor knew a dearer wish hetidlc , Who made his tumbling parsnips known , And looked to arm tneo for a bridlo ! " What is the row ? what once I heard From those brow-beating limps of thine ? Brokers ! oh , brokers ! one by one , E ' en while I worshipped at thy shine ! Broker by three ! to whom I lowed , As lends the wind-flaw to the tries ; As bust the chaldron thro' the clod , To onions , and the fleas as dies !
" But thou art lost ! and I no more Mus dirk thy undeceaving glance ; One thouscfc friendly squills are o ' er , Our raptured moments in the dance ! Vanished , like dew-drops from tho sprag , Are moments which in business flew ! I cut life ' s brightest peal a-wag , And false ono , break my bust—adieu ' . " On breaking into a loud laugh at the Utter simplicity of this typical metamorphosis , I found that the strangoi' grew red in the face . He snatched the paper from my hand , and disappeared , making his bow as he retired . Delivery of speech is capricious . Wo have
heard of savages to whom you must call the wholo leg to the ancle the " hip , " or be thought indecent . l ou must not ask after a Turk ' s wife and family , but "tho house , " and in parliament you must not call many things by their right names . A knavish dunce may be "thehon . and learned member ; " the House of Lords is " another place , " and newspapers aro not newspapers j for on a late occasion one of the noble lords said that ho begged to correct an error which occurred in " tho ordinary channels of information . " How would this do in privato j life ? Tell your servant to ' 'takefive of the largest co ^ pper ; . ; particles of the circulating medium , proec < 4 t ' earf-. other place , and procure au ordinary channel-of iik formation . " What would he bring ? " * ? .: ; .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 8, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_08121849/page/3/
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