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LOWBANDS.
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST COOPERATI...
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M MS (ContmuciJ&m the Second Cohttnn}) %...
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AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL. $> : w / j...
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1 VOL. X. NO. 481. UMD(m ~ SATURDAY JANU...
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THE NATIONAL IANDJN0 LABOUR BANK. Reckle...
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LINES UY MALCOLM MACGUEGOR ON THE BtltTH...
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Co #eaaers; & CorrcsBoitUcr. &
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J. SnZET begs to acknowledge the receipt...
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Cftaitfest itttclliffentt*
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SUNDERLAND. The Chartists and members of...
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The Root cp all Etil.—' How long did Ada...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Lowbands.
LOWBANDS .
To The Members Of The Chartist Cooperati...
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST COOPERATIVE LAND COMPANY . My dear Children , Urt * ray intention to nave witt * " fm . f ° thing in addition to my last week ' letter , which w » * pushed ; fining conned j frightful state of poverty and d « tltu " t Seand lovely pariah , perhapsJ » -- ^ ™ heavenly spots the mind can . magme , W <«« , < thv WHTSTLER" hts afforded me such an THE TO THE FOUR
^• "SSpimb HIM opportunity oli W » J ^ derott 1 ^ 1 ° X H ^ V ^ ch I - 2 £ » tar tot . so , ofconrse , he had not , e * n £ e of the same date in the " Star , " and he had not at that time , received the lashing that James Trior , painter , g ave him in last ^ V ' Star ;'' nor , indeed , is it likely that he would be turnea from his MESS if he had . douht
Brig ht and the " Economist" have . no , c alculated upon the danger to their slave trade if , for £ 2 . 12 s . 4 d ., their slaves could purchase their o wn manumission , and at the same time somewhat loosen the rivets in the chains of others , whose labou r would become proportionately more valuable bv dininished competition . This greedy man , like m any others , too anxious to recommend themselves to their masters , has done too much for the money , and has done it in an untradesmanlike manner 5—he is like the devil ' s apothecary—DOUBLY DILIGENT . Perhaps you remember Baron RoHe ' s obser vation , when the informer Griffin stated that the Editor ' s only fault with him was , that he WAS TOO INDUSTRIOUS . " Gentlemen , " observed
? he ' just judge , " perhaps the Editor may think the SAME NOW , as OUR DILIGENCE NOT UNFAIRLY LEADS TO SUSPICION . " Then , in analysing the mechanism and workings of a conspiracy , that just man beautifully remarked , and it is woith repeating , " Gentlemen , in case of conspiracy , the guilty parties generally make choice of the most astute and artful men they can procure to carry out their illegal designs , and you will say , whether unsophisticated men like Pilling , and many others of the defendants , are of that stamp that would be likely to serve such a purpose , or whether it is net jnore probable that they acted of their own free will , and the more especially as all who have addressed you appear rather to glory in the part they hate tsken than to repudiate the charge . "
Never did Judge more completely sacrifice all party and paltry consideration to truth and justice , than did Baron Rolfe in giving expression to the above simple , but searching and sound truth . I shall now proceed to contrast 3 UMMERVILLE with Griffin , as regards his OWN INDUSTRY , and shall prove that Bright and Co . are conspirators , and the Whistler their accomplice . THE WHISTLER , in his first letter after visiting Herringsgate , was nauseously fulsome in his praise of the beauties of the spot , and BIG WITH HOPE in the success of so splendid an undertaking , " the first itep in the right direction the working men had taken . " I mentioned to more than one friend , Mr .
Clarke among the rest , that the source , the MANCHESTER EXAMINER—Bright's paper—was suspicious ; and that he might rely upon it , the OLD SOLDIER was only baiting his trap . In fact , the first Utter was too fulsome ; and it was against my wish , and only in compliance with that of the Directors , that I allowed even the extract to be published . Well , the second letter makes its appearance , and is mainly answered by Mr . Taylor ' s short reply in last week ' s Star , in which he wholly contradicts every assertion made by the DEVIL'S APOTHECARY . Next comes the letter upon which I am now commenting , and from which I select the following extract , as proof of the Apothecary ' s great , if not over diligence : —
" After further inquiries I got a book at the office , for which I paid haSf-acrown , on "The Practical U- n » s ; ement of Small Farms , by Fe & rgus O'Connor , Esq ., barrister-at-law . " At different booksellers ' shop ! -1 tried to get the other publications ot the company , and at last I satdown with such as I could obtain , and read them all . I soon perceived what the obstacles to the registration of the society had been , by tbe great number of great things which the society was to do besides the cultirotion of small farms . That the society was utterly unsound and worthless as a mere business speculation , was soon apparent . And though unsound companies are registered and put under the protection of the law , go far as giving their shareholders the means of rtdress firm their trustees and from one another , 1 doubted if the Chartist Land Company could be so
registered . " To resolve ' . thatdoubt Chancery Lane was visited , and Irom that locality I found my way to the office for the registration of joint stock companies in Sergeants * Inn , Fleet-street . At that place I was told that the company was registered . I asked to see in what form , for what purpose , and who of ita shareholders were registered . A book of indices was handed to me . I found the title " Chartist Co-operative Land Company , " and a number placed against it I reputed the number to one of the clerks , who said , " One shilling , if you please . " Whereupon I paid one shilling , and he , going to a shelf and finding the number on the back of a very tbin book , laid tbe book before me . It was a very thin book indeed ,
containing only four pages , and only one of tbe leaves being written , and very little being written on that leaf-a good deal less than should have been written if the Chartist Co-operative Land Company had been "jilaced under the protection of the law" to " give increased confidence to persons about joining the society , and to secure -due diligence and honesty on the part of the officers . " I shall come to the words atd nMnes which were registered before I quit the kfial I ranch of this subject . But I proceed now as I preceded then . Q . " Is this company legally registered ?" A . ' ; We cannot tell . " < i " If anything is omitted whieh should have been roistered , what will the result be ?"
A . " We cannot answer legal questions here . If anything is omitted , theact provides that heavy penaltie shall beincurred . You must consult tbe act of parliament providing for the registration of joint steck companies . " f . " Can I get the act here !" A . "No ; you can buy it at the Queen ' s printers ; or of the law stationers in Fleet-street " < l . '' What is the title of the act ?" A . * " An act for the registration , incorporation , and regulation of joinst stock companies . "
Ilesting which , I proceeded to tbe office of the Qnceii ' s printers , and paying If . 3 d . for the act in question , took it back to the Registration Office , ihowed it to tbe Registrar , and enquired ifthat was the act under which the Chartist Co-operative Land Company was registered , and he , looking at it , said it was . He added that if the company was not re-E' -teied in conformity to that act , they were liable toail the penalties set forth in it to prevent iteinint ^ euierit . I shall cow quote from those portions Kit * hick refer to the Chartist Land Compasv . "
Now then , reader , what think you of all that disinterested research , and all published in the Journal ° fan Economist , who will vote for anything you askhi min PROPER SEASON , except THE TEN HOIKS' BILL Now observe , he first goes to Herringsgate from Manchester , 200 miles ; he traverEeiihewholep laceYorfullthreehours , onawet , cold , peUiujrday ; he had heard all that he published in to second letter , hut withholds every sentence of it a the first—not a word about the fresh timber , and no w & ter , and bad roads , and drunken plasterers u > £ t hcdraak with in the Beer Shop ; no , he was f "ope-FULL OF HOPE , BURSTING WITH jyi 'E ; he doesn ' t go back to th « BUTTONLESS
UCKGUARD once ; no , the sympathetic , inncus youth goes to London , and gives you an tocount of bis enquiries , bot not a word of truth . No ; " i : <* r- hke , and Castles-like , and Edwards-like , tbe JJ MI SREPRESENTS himself . He did go to the p ° d Office , but he represented himself as a raagis-^ 'e for two Counties , with large landed estates , , lc ! l ue , proposed turning to the same purpose as * Company ' s Land , and wished for a copy of their eVitid all the documents connected with their HIL ANTHROPIC undertaking ; and for a copy of t r -O ' Connor ' s work on Small Farms , stating that fc *« intimatel y acquainted with me , O'Connor , as '' at Herringsgate , ihouch I nerer laid eyes on
To The Members Of The Chartist Cooperati...
the man in my life to my knowledge , although 1 sympathised with him , and made many bold speeches on his case , when he was flogged ; and more than once used language in his behalf which should bare insured a more straightforward course from him as regards anything I was concerned in . So much in proof of the conspiracy , and that THE WHISTLER is a hired spy ; and now to prove him in the concomitant character of INFORMER . He goes to the Land Office , and shame ! 0 shame to tell ! sree three gentlemen with THEIR BACKS to the fire on
a COLD DAY . He asks for the only work the Company professes to sell—the Rules—and he gets a copy—he then asks for a balance sheet , and he gets it , though the Company only professes to print it for its own members . He asks for other works , which he is told are out of print ; and then he asks for others , which the cold gentlemen told him " are suppressed , in compliance with COUNSEL'S OPINION , until the Company was COMPLETELY
REGISTERED . He then buys roy work on Small Farms , but he has prudently abstained from comment upon that ; friend Bright , no doubt , telling him that he had better not WHISTLE AT THE SPADE . Well ; he is rery inquisitive , and goes off to the Registration Office , and pays one shilling , and is banded a very THIN BOOK , just as thick , however , as it would be had it contained the mere PROVISIONAL
REGISTRATION of a RAILWAY COMPANY TO THE MOON ; hut this meddler knows that the poorer class like a great deal being said and written about them , and , therefore , they should understand that provisional registration does not infer the writing of a book , but the mere preliminary step towards COMPLETE REGISTRATION . Well , having paid a shilling , which is no doubt an item in his account per contra John Bright , he asks so many questions that the cold gentlemen in that office ,
like the weaver at Herringsgate , were too busy to gratify his curiosity , though CHANCERY LANE was visited to RESOLVE that doubt , as our critic stiles it . Well , that wasn t enough , bat off he goes to the Queen ' s printer ' s , and actually pays Is . 3 d . for the Act , though they GAVE HIM THE WRONG ONE , and back goes the WHISTLER , "And is this the Act ? " he says ; bursting with anxious solicitude for tbe victims . " Yes , " says one of the gentlemen ; and then " says I" and " says he "—
I have now traced this conspirator , spy , and informer ( if he could make anything bjr it ) , from Bright ' s lie shop through his maze and back again to the manufactory , and I ask any man of common understanding , to come to other conclusion than that he is a slavish tool employed by a slave owner , to do his bidding . Now let me tell him , and the reader , that the Act under which the company is provisionally registered , and will be COMPLETELY REGISTERED , was framed , not to aid informers , but to protect society ; and that , before he could
recover BLOOD MONEY , be should prove wilful neglect , ' , or peculation , or dishonesty , against the officers . I tell him more , that the laws of the rich are not framed for the protection of the poor , and still more , that they are not so framed , any one of them , as to protect society against INFORMERS , for , as has been observed millions of times , you may drive a coach and four through any Act of Parliament , and if so inclined ( which God in his mercy forbid ) I would undertake to prove neglect or noncompliance with Statute Law against every society in existence—but I should not like to return to
society with the brand upon me . And I tell the informer more , that every thing required has been complied with ; and the Company being in existence before being provisionally registered , and tbe law not allowing more than a stipulated amount to be raised on each share , the amount of shares has been altered to meet the law , but not to affect the members . He forgot that , where he hoped to prove neglect , ho was establishing vigilance , as he tells us
that the COLD GENTLEMEN had suppressed some documents , in compliance with the provisions of tbe Statute . And now it is my duty to tell you , that it is your duty to put us and yourselves , as speedily as possible , beyond the reach of this and all other CONSPIRATORS , SPIES , and INFORMERS , by furnishing the Directors , WITHOUT DELAY , with the names , occupation , and place 0 / abode of every member .
I always told you that enrolment or registration would hamper or perplex us—now-you see it . You asked for it . The want of it gave our enemies a handle , and I resolved that I would not be thwarted by charges of dishonesty or concealment ; but if the members had been left to their own judgment , they never would have required security beyond confidence in me , though all their property was vested in me and MY HEIRS FOR EVER ; well-knowing that all their property would be conveyed to my heirs , as their trustees , to execute the several trusts
conuiiioned with them . Thus I have explained all to you . It is now three o ' clock on Wednesday morning . I am the only one up in the house , after having walked and re-walked every field of Labour ' s second estate , and at this hour of calm reflection I am not thoughtless of the stupendous responsibility I have imposed upon myself . I know that , at three to a family , THIRTY-SIX THOUSAND little children
and their parents are , though sleeping , DREAMING confidence in me . I know that I would rot in a BASTILLE before I would forfeit that confidence or lessen their scanty bread by a single crumb . I know myself , and fee ! determined to go on in spite of letter-lord , slave-mast : rs , CONSPIRATORS , SPIES , and INFORMERS ; and I envy not the coldblooded reflections of the cold-blooded monster who , for hire , would write himself down a hypocrite .
I travelled here on Tuesday with REBECCA and my old bailiff and family , who never saw a steamer before ( as he terms the train ) , and already all have conspired against us , except the elements . We have FIRE , AIR , EARTH * and WATER , which they cannot keep from us ; but the owner of the principal stone quarry has forbid his tenant to sell us stone ; and the owner of the barren sand-pit , open to all for a century , will not allow me to have sand , nor will they allow us to have stuff for making roads ; and I learn that the farmers will not send their teams to work , and r oy neighbour
threatens to stop up a HIGH ROAD to prevent access . Read that , WHISTLER , and chuckle ; but read this and tremble ! I can get the best bncks in England for about £ l . 5 s . a thousand—that is , 17 s . a thousand cheaper than at Herringsgate . I can purchase carts and horses , or would wheel the bricks in a barrow . I have FOUND SAND ON THE SPOT , and in six hours from this time , I will have a clay-kiln on fire , burning clay to make roads—the finest material in the world . So , TYRANTS—I DEFY YOU . ' !! INFORMERS — I DESPISE YOU !!!
Chartists ! the man who has scoffed at your prin . ciples has hired a spy to break up the movement that would give to each of Labour ' s sons a nest and labour-field . Slaves ! tbe master who makes money ( Continued to the Sixth Column . )
To The Members Of The Chartist Cooperati...
( ContmuciJ & m the Second Cohttnn }) % 4 % j of your infants' blood , and would sacrifice his seat rather than untrammel them , asks for YOUR VOTES ! Land members ! Bright has hired a tool to ruin your movement , and insolently relies upon your support . Voters ! oppose him ; non-electors ! hoot him from the hustings . Don ' t believe him , if he disowns the «» Examiner , " he is the PRINCIPAL PROPRIETOR ; it speaks his sentiments , and mug be opposed to ) ours , KICK IT OUT OF EVERY HOUSE OF RESORT . The Informs HAS NOT ACCEPTED MY CHALLENGE , he dare not , he cannot , relr upon my countrymen now to MURDER ( ContmuciJ & m the Second Cohttnn }) % 4 £ j of vour infants'blood , and would wwrifiv * i >; s teat
m ? . My children , rejoice in the opposition all are offering me , else I might grow dull , and tame , and inactive . At the next election , the SPIT AND THE LEG OF MUTTON will be our watch word and our CRY , and let confident tyranny presume as t may , I tell you , that , when that time arrives , we will be better prepared and more resolute than our enemies may suppose . Our first duty is to strengthen Buncombe 5 our next is to weaken our enemies . Bright is one of our greatest . Good night . Ever your faithful friend and bailiff , Feargus O'Connor .
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And National Trades' Journal. $> : W / J...
AND NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
1 Vol. X. No. 481. Umd(M ~ Saturday Janu...
1 VOL . X . NO . 481 . UMD ( m ~ SATURDAY JANUARY $ 1347 . Flre ™« ySii « . . ; g ' ¦ ¦ < . , Fire » fclllliig « and Sixpence per Q , lniter
The National Iandjn0 Labour Bank. Reckle...
THE NATIONAL IANDJN 0 LABOUR BANK . Recklessness , want of economy , indifference of the doubtful future during the prosperous present , hare ever been the most unanswerable charges brough t by the wealthy , the wily , and the fortunate against the labouring classes . We are not prepared to defend this wholesale charge in the abstract , while we contend that the want of thriftiness evinced by the many is a consequence of our institutions , both commercial and political , being framed and altered from time to time for the convenience , security , and protection of the hasty made capital of the wealthy , rather than for the accumulated savings of the daily labourer or slowly thriving shopkeeper . For instance , our giant trade and commerce preclude the possibility of the poor man becoming a competitor with the riclfcpeculator , while our monetary system rejects him as an ally from the impossibility of qualifying himself as a partner or participator from his daily or
weekly savings . The Savings Bank becomes his only alternative , the only depository for his daily or weekly parings , and " from the fact of this department bring his only source , the government charges a large profit in diminished i « terest for the convenience afforded by the institution , For instance , the speculator with thousands , or even with hundreds , in the commercial or money market can command the highest rate of profit or interest , while the poor man is reduced to the alternative of being his own depositor without interest , or accepting the highest rate that his gradual savings can command . Hence the man with a thousand pounds may secure four per cent , upon mortgage , the man with a hundred pounds something over thres per cent , in Consols , while the poor accumulator during the process of sating , and who has not a sufficient amount to take advantage of any of these securities , receives no more than £ 2 . 18 s . per cent , secured upon his own industry and the dissipation of his thonghtless fellow-labourer . He is reconciled to this lower rate of
interest—Firstly . —By the fact that it is the only market open to him .- Secondly . —That it presents security . —Thirdly . —That it guarantees the power of with drawal in seasons of necessity , but even this power is restricted by conditions sometimes harsh and inconvenient . - Thus we establish the value of co-operation without industry at one pound two per cent ., that being the difference between the rate of interest received by the poor saver and him who can command a sufficient amount to insure the highest rate of interest . We have been reminded to surfeit that the glory of England consists in the equal opportunity afforded to all in the market of speculation . We admit the fact , while we assert that the sun of England ' s glory would speedily set if all men were mete agents for the transfer of property , and none were producers of property . And it is in order that tbe latter class , which will ewrbetbe large majority , may beamed with the power of co-operation as a means of placing them upon an equality in point of protection with the former clays that we advocate the principle of co-operation , aiid propose to establish the only medium by which it can be efficiently carried out— " ' . The National Land and Labour
Bank . We may be told that Joint Stock Banks , Railway Companies , Mining Companies , Steam Navigation Companies , and all other undertakings introduced to the world with a fascinating prospectus establishing a fictitious amount of shares , and a mere nominal amount of call , present the desired opportunity to the small capitalist . The result , however , of attempting to engraft this fascinating reality upon an unheeded fiction , has been the ruin of thousands ; and the effect has been as follows -. —Many a poor man , jumping at the promise of high interest , and unscared by the phantom of future calls , has paid the required deposit , which an inconvenient call compels him to sacrifice altogether , or preserve as a forlorn hope , at the expense of future contributions , until the society ' s affairs are wound up , and he finds himself liable to all losses ; a few wily concoctors and solicitors taking his crippled child to nurse ; and thus fattening upon his credulity . Hence , we show the simple value of Co-operation without industry , while we assert , without fear of contradiction , that the carrying on the necessary operations of trade depending upon individual industry , is not restricted to three , four , fire , ten , or even fifteen per cent . Indeed , the value of capital can be best appreciated by the enormous amount of wealth that its possessors have been enabled to accumulate out of hired labour .
Let us illustrate this position . A tenant holds a hundred acres of land at one pound an acre , and dear in its present state . It will require £ 500 , or £ b an acre to drain it , and then it becomes worth £ 2 an acre—thus returning the tenant twenty per cent , upon the expenditure of £ 500 , so that , had he given fifteen per cent , for the capital , he would still be a gainer of five per cent , by the transaction ; while , through that amount of expenditure in labour the district shopkeepers would be benefitted , through them the domestic manufacturer and merchant , and , through all , the government . But this source of speculation is stopped by the landlord ' s indifference to benefit his tenant , and the tenant ' s indifference to benefit the landlord ; whereas if it belongedto the occupier the work would be done . But how much more pointedly tbe fact will present itself to the reader , when the capital is applied to enable and encourage the small husbandman to prosecute his own industry . The summary of these observations is that
A Nation ' s Greatness 's better secured by individual prosperity than by commercial traffic , which must restrict industry . The duty of a government is to increase the national resources of the country to the highest state of cultivation they will admit of ; and tho way to insure this national good is , by the application of free labour , and the equitable ( NOT EQUAL ) distribution of its produce ; while the error of the present system is , that those who possess capital have the power of resisting the cultivation of our national resources to that particular standard which insures them the largest monopoly of the produce . We hold it to be an indisputable fact that the application of free labour , which means the labour of the small proprietor to the land , the cultivation of our mines , minerals , and fisheries , can alone developethe national resources , and at the same time establish a satisfactory standard of wages in the artificial labour market , while the higher rate superinduced by well requited industry in the natural market , could be borne by the manufacturer , the merchant , and trader , by the incalculable impetus given to domestic trade and commerce , through the increased consumption of the free labour class .
The industrious man who has contributed a long life s accumulation of property for others must start at theannouncement of our present prime minister : — " That the criminal law is a problem yet to be solved . ''— " That the sanatory conditioa of the people is miserably deficient , " and " Tbat our whole system of education requires deep consideration and improvement . " Now we hold that governments , and governments only , are answerable for the law ' s inequality and imperfections , for sanatory deficiency and educational regulation ; and we further hold that free and well-requited labour would render our criminal law , now a problem , if not obsolete , at least a thing of rare application to an improved and moral society . That the free labourer can best educate his own children , ventilate his own house , and preserve his own and family ' s health . In the free labour mar . ket we estimate a man ' s labour cheaply , very cheaply , at £ 50 per annum , and thus , if we have a million of paupers whose strained labour is now worth £ 10 a year each , the nation loses £ 40 , 000 , 000 per annum , added to an expense of seven millions per annum wrung from the labour of the industrious , for no other purpose than to keep up an idle reserve at other people ' s expense , for the capitalist to fall back upon as a means of reducing and keeping down wages in the artificial market . Here then is a national sacrifice to class gain and individual monopoly . In order , then , to illustrate our plan for creating a free and independent labour class , whose industry shall be applied to the cultivation of our national resources , we propose to establish The National Land and Labour Bank
upon the following principle : —viz . That it shall consist of three departments;—a Deposit Department ; a Redemption Department ; and a Sinking Fund Department ; and we shall now treat of those several departments each under its proper head .
Deposit . The Deposit Department to be open to all who wish to vest their monies upon the security of the landed property of the National Co-operative Land Company . and bearing interest at tbe rate of 3 J per cent , per annum . The capital deposited to be regulated by the fallowing scale . —that is to say , —that for every £ 60 payable as rent-charge by the occupants , over and above the amount necessary to pay the interest of £ 4 per cent , on the Redemption Fund , the directors will be empowered to receive £ 1000 , thus leaving a sinking fund in this department , over and above the compsny ' s liabilities , of two and a half per cent . | Suppose , for instance , an estate producing £ 600 a year over and above the Company ' s liabilities of £ 4 per eent . ( upon the amount
in the redemption department ) to be occupied by the members of the company , who will each have received a conveyance in fee of his allotment , subject , to a rent-charge proportioned to the purchase money and outlay ; upon this estate , conveyed by the trustees as security to the bank , the directors would be empowered to raise £ 10 , 000 , and would be liable to £ 350 a year interest at 3 p e r cent , upon the borrowed capital of £ l 0 , 000 Each depositor of any amount not exceeding £ 10 would be entitled to draw that amount on demand . A depositor wishing to draw any amount from £ 10 to £ 20 , must give one week ' s notice . From £ 20 to £ 50 , a fortnight ' s notice ; and from £ 50 , to any amount , one month ' s notice . The amount of deposit at any one time not to be less than two shillings and sixpence .
Redemption Department . The Redemption Department to be open to the members of the Land Company , and who , whether occupants or shareholders , will be entitled to deposit their funds in that department upon the following conditions : —• That each shareholder may deposit any amount not less than threepence at one time , and for which he shall receive interest at the rate of four per cent , per annum . This fund will be applicable to the purchase of Land or fining do wn of the occupants' rent-charge , at the rate of four per cent ., or twenty-live years'purchase—that is , that a depositor having £ 25 in the redemption Department when he is eligible for occupation , will be entitled to a reduction of £ 1 per annnm from his rent-charge—that is , the member who , if not a depositor , would be liable to a rent of £ 8 a year , will , when he has paid up £ 25 , be entitled to receive his allotment at £ 7 rent . We state £ 25 , but the depositor of any sura under that amount , down to £ 5 , would be entitled to apply his deposit to the reduction of his rent at four percent . The additional half per cent , being guaranteed in consequence of shareholders who deposit their monies in the Redemption Department not being allowed to withdraw more than one-half the amount deposited , and being obliged to give a month's notice before they can draw any portion of their deposit from that department , which however would be equivalent to ready money as a transfer of the deposit less the month's interest ( the lender receiving the interest ) could be effected .
Sinking Fund Department . The funds of this department would consist of two and a-half per cent , in landed property over and above the liability of three-and-a-half per cent payable as interest to the depositors . The profits from this department to be added to the redemption department , and equally applied to the pur chase or reduction of the rent of shareholders who had been depositors in the redemption department ; and to be applied in aid of the location of the poorer occupants , to be repaid by them in easy and convenient instalments . We shall now proceed to consider the LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENCIES consequent upon the deposit department , and the Company ' s means of meeting them . We will presume that , £ 5 , 000 , or one half of the whole sum in the deposit department , was liable to be withdrawn on demand . The Company should , consequently , be prepared with that amount , to meet any contingency , and which it proposes to do in the following manner ; that is to say . by the application of the Company ' s floating capital for carrying on building and other operations , and which would be always vested in a Bank , paying two and a-half per cent , as at present , and would be constituted of funds paid upon account of shares , and not belonging to any of the three departments . The remainder of the funds in the several departments would be applicable to the purchase of land , erection of houses , and location of occupants .
JSxpenses . t The expenses of the Banking Department are amply provided for by the payment of one shilling per year , per share , payable by the shareholders in the Land Company , and the surplus in the several departments to be applied to the benefit of the shareholders upou the winding up of the section to which they belong .
Mode of Securing the BEeans of Meeting Liabilities ,. The Land Company proposes to locate its members upon two acres of land which shall have cost £ 18 . 15 s . per acre , or £ 37 . 10 s .: to erect a house which shall cost £ 30 , and to expend in improvements , and give to the occupant , the sum of £ 15 , making a total of £ 82 . 10 s ., audfor which preliminary expenditure the Company charges £ 5 a-year ; and five per cent upon all monies above that sum expended in the purchase of the Laud and the erection of a house ; that is , if the land costs £ 30 an acre instead of £ 18 15 s ., and the house £ 60 instead of £ 30 , the occupants will pay £ 5 per cent , upon £ 22 . 10 s . the additional price of the Land , and £ 5 per cent , upon the £ 30 , the additional price of the house , making a total increased expenditure of £ 52 . 10 s ., thus making the rent of occupant in the latter case £ 712 s . 6 d . per annum ; the same scale being applicable to any priced land and any priced house in a descending as well as an ascending ratio—that is , if land shall be purchased at a less amount than £ 18 15 s , an acre , £ 5 per cent , in rent shall be deducted from the reduced price of the land . Suppose , then , the occupant , whose land shall have cost £ 30 an acre , and whose house shall have cost £ 60 , and who shall have received £ 15 capital , that occupant will have cost the Company £ 135 , less £ 2 10 s . the original amount paid for the share—thus making the Company ' s expenditure £ 132 10 s . without taking credit for any portion of the £ 15 capital expended in operations of husbandry or other improvements which increase the value of the holding . For this £ 132 10 s . the Society receives £ 7 12 s . Gd . in the shape of rent-charge , or within a fraction of hi per cent , upon the outlay , without any margin for the increasing value secured upon the expenditure of a man and his family ' s labour to that amount of ground . In the case of a man holding four acres of ground , and whose house would cost £ 80 , the Society ' s profit would be reduced to about 5 i per cent , upon the outlay . This scale shows the equity of the standard upon which the rent of allotments has been established , and , perhaps , may be met with the assertion , that it is a high per centage upon the outlay , and which assertion we meet thus—Firstly , —Without eo-oparation the occupants could not procure a single allotment . Secondly , —An individual carrying out the scheme would charge rent according to the retail value , amounting to about £ 15 per cent ., regulated only by the convenience and desi-e of the poor occu pant to have a field whereon to expend his own labour . Thirdly , —The individual would not convey the convenient allotment in fee , and consequently the occupant would be liable to a periodical increase of rent as a tax upon his own industry . Fourthly , —All profits consequent upon saving of rent over interest is divided equitably amongst the several shareholders . Fifthly , —A small proprietary class is the only possible means by which the fair standard of the price of labour can be established in the artificial market . The only means by which poor rates and workhouses can be made unnecessary ; The only means by which the national resources can be fully dereloped and profitably cultivated ; The only means by which famine—sare tbat which is the will of God—can be averted ; The only means that can render man indifferent to foreign production ; The only means that can give an impetus to home trade and home industry ; The only means that can secure a national militia , who will fly to the cry of " My cottage and my country are in danger !"; The only means by which education can be encouraged , health secured , and violation of the laws of society , be considered crime The ' only means by which the arts and sciences of Britain can be made to vie with those of any other nation upon earth . The only means by which the good in each manjnavbe developed , and his evil propensities kept in subjection by the wholesome chastisement of public censure and disapproval . Sj ^ . "" ~ ~~ — -
Lines Uy Malcolm Macguegor On The Btltth...
LINES UY MALCOLM MACGUEGOR ON THE BtltTH OF K FMST C 1 HLJJ .
The Jiop < s of being a mother , The joy of-being a wife , Tbe wish to add another To the running stream of life ; The-pride ! the painful pleasure When the mother seen her child , Nq other heart can metwuve , Jtiseestocyrun wild . Is it son < rt daughter , nurse ? Is it Jikv its father t Can auub a pleasure b » a cuisc 1 'TisGod ' s riiitinction rather ;
And when the little helpless sucks There comet a utreatn of fresh delight , The thought of lambs and chicks and ducks , To babies , the most pleasing sight . All thought of other csrc Is lost , As in her arms her treasure lies , Cheaply purchased atti-. e cost Of labour's pangs and labour ' s cries . The little hand Is soon held up And kitti'd , and kiss'd , and kiss'd again , Sweet Joy still rising in tbe cup , No thought of past or future pain .
And then the father , gently moving , Stands beside tbe bridal bed , Fond at evxr and as loving . As when he courted , woo'd , and wed . Soon the little urchin prattles , Then stumbles , tumbles , falls about . Laughs awl plaja wixh tojs and rattles Till brotber puts her little nose out .
Co #Eaaers; & Corrcsboitucr. &
Co # eaaers ; & CorrcsBoitUcr . &
J. Snzet Begs To Acknowledge The Receipt...
J . SnZET begs to acknowledge the receipt of 19 , for Mrs , Jones , and la , towards tbe debt due to Mr . O'O m nor , from Mr . Charles Merchant , also Is . 2 ^ 1 , from Mr , Kgget , for the Petition Expenses . All persons hold , ing petition sheets and subscription books for the National Petition , are respectfully requested to lose no more time is obtaining signatures to the one , and money for defraying the expenses to tbe other , —which they will pleasu to forward to J . Swest , News Agent , Nottingham . Notice . —Tbe LALooaitt . —We have a great number of orders by us for the Labourer , which we cannot oon . reuieiitly supply , without subjecting the parties send , ing to great expense in carriage . —IN FUTURE ALL
ORDERS FOR THE MAGAZINE , MUST BEGJVEtf THltOUH THE LONDON BOOKSELLERS , instead ot being sent to this office . Mb . A . Leiohtoh . —Uaworth . —Your letter shall belaid before Mr . O'Connor , on his return to town . Several other communications nimt stand arer for his uupec . tion . Tub AMeNDED Rules of the Chartist Co-op ; rative Lund Company are not yet ready . All orders must be ad . dressed to the Company ' s Office , S 3 , Dean Street , Soho . Ma . CtRandison , Linlithgow . — The plate shall be sent . Mb . RoBDBTao » ,. ' , Alva . — Write to the Secretary of the Geneial Post Office , if tbe Post master at Alva , again
detains your parcel . Mb , Dbumkomd , Preston . —Me do Hot print any in time for the Country parcels . W . Hilton wants w » know where he can vvovuyo a copj of Colonel Maceroni's book on " Street Fightiiig . 'j Josem Oregvrt , Helper . —Yes , in full by tlie person taking out the order . A Yebitabie Democrat , and X , Y . Z , — Wii cannot answer your questions . E . H . T . —Birmingham . —Next week . J . IIabkness , Edinburgh . Received . E . Mitchelsos . —Inadmissible . A . Walker and J . Beattie . Received too late for insertion this week . IV . Pjiakeland . Iteceired .
Cftaitfest Itttclliffentt*
Cftaitfest itttclliffentt *
Sunderland. The Chartists And Members Of...
SUNDERLAND . The Chartists and members of the Land Company held a New Years' Festival on tbe 1 st inst . Tho meeting was addressed by Messrs . Irvins and Dobbin , A very happy evening was passed , PRESTON . A special meeting of the Preston branch of the Chartist Co-operative Lind Company will take place on Monday evening next , Jan . 11 th , at Mr . Hool ' s . Temperance Hotel , Lane-streot , to elect auditors and scrutineer , in accordance with the Rules issued by the directors .
BOLTON . A public tea party and festival was held bore in ( lie Chartist Association Room on the evening of Now Year ' s Day , in honour of F . O'Connor and E . Jones , Esqrs . The room was tastefully decorated with evergreens and portraits of patriot * of by-gone days , and thoie of the present . After tea the tables were removed and tbe , amusements commenced which were Kept up until early in tbe morning ,
LONGTON . A few friends to popular government havo recently opened a subscription , which Uaviug already amounted to £ 12 , tliey resolved to forward the same to the Central Registration and Election Committee , to a > d and assist in returning to the ensuing Parliament twelve men imbued with talent , energy , and public principle , sufficient to enable them to amst T . S . Buncombe , Esq ., in effecting the cu . francb . isa . ment of the millions . Books for the reception of subscriptions , of any amount , are still « pen at the house of Mr . Isaac Hammersley , York-street , where the committee meets every Sunday afternoon , at halt-past two o ' clock .
TO THE PEOPLE , Dixon Hotel , Manchester , Jan . 6 th 1847 . Dear Friends , Some very annoying mistakes bare occurred ia the arrangements announced for my lectures , by which great inconvenience , and loss of time have rnsuad . No answers have been sent ma from , Halifax , UocUdale , or the Potteries . Ilence any disappointment whieh may hare boenfett should not bo attributed to negligence on my part . I have always endeavoured to be punctual to att appointment . I regret tbe misunderstanding , as to Sheffield , and will do away with that by lecturing thera on Sunday the 17 th , and Monday the 18 th , if ihese dayg will suit them .
I will also remeiiy the disappointment at Rochdale by lecturing there on Sunday , the 10 th , without fail . I have accepted tho invitations from Aceriugton , and Blackburn , and will lecture in the former town , on Monday , the Iltb , and in the latter , 011 Tuesday , the U'tli . I propos * visiting Preston , on Wednesday , the lSth , as a friend informs n » a room can bo had . 1 can also be at liberty to deliver a lecture In Chorley , on Thursday , the Uth , I hope the above arrangements willpiwesa . tisfsctory to the people , and beneficial to the cause . Answers had better be forwarded in all cases to me if up to Monday , the Uth , at Dixon ' s , Great Ancoat-otreet , Manchester , or to the nbore mentioned places in Lanca . shire it'later . Faithfully yours , in the cau « e . P . M . M'DoDAIl .
Cm LOCALITY . On Sunday evening a meeting oH this body took place , Mr . Caughlnn in the chair . The necessity for more energy and vigour on the p » vt of the Chartist bodv was brought forward by Mr . Tucker , who was of opinion that tho L » ud movement was diverting public attention , trom the Charter agitation . Ho moved the following resolution which was carried : — " That we the members of the City Locality , call upon th « democrats of those places visited by Messrs . M'Grath and Clark during their recunt four , to say whether the interest of the Chartist movement was attended to by them . "
The Root Cp All Etil.—' How Long Did Ada...
The Root cp all Etil . — ' How long did Adam remain in Paradise before he sinned V asked an amiable cara sposa ol her loving husband . ' Till ho got a wife , " answered tae hnsbaad calmly .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 9, 1847, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_09011847/page/1/
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