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<*«¦»*•] f«S 8fAlt Of flElPM. ist ™ •
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INDIA. The Burmah reinforcements were al...
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NEWS FEOM T&E GOLD DIGGINGS. The followi...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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France. (Prom Our Own Correspondent.) Pa...
all inn , ? md washed all the furniture into the sea . Similar da-S "U was done alongthe coast -of ( Posilipb , where the road was ren-Ired impassible by the earth and rubbish deposited by the toirenfe . The road to S . Giovanni a Teduccto was complexly blocked up with fragments of old lava , stones , and earth , while a cart drawn by Iso Iw / es was w th great difficulty prevented by some fohermen , ( 1 j ) ein ( T washed into the sea . At Cartel lama re , the lightning split ! L iehM ^ y and tiHed rtie sentinel who wis stationed theiv .
be-, j ^ p rorating the walls in several places . The -villace of Scau-! nno « as also visited by lightning , and a person severely-humt by JJ . and similar ra < es occurred at Campa « mo near Nola , at Ateifaiu the province of Basilicata , and in several pnr « s of ihe Abruzzi , where irre ; lt damage has been caused by violent storms . * Tc ^ casy . — A letter from Florence of the 25 th , states that Guerrjzzi had made his defence . He spoke tor five hours , during which he was patiently likened to by the court and auditory . After having lied to the accusations of the public prosecutor against some acts
rep cfihis youth . he explained his politoal conduct in 18 tO Hi ? desired that during the disturbances which took place in Leghorn during that year , he used-all Ids exertions to restore order and obedience to the government . The President having askt J him whether he lv- > d ever exercised any public functions in Tuscany , he replied that he had been elected a deputy to the Coumil-General a « id Constitmional Minister of the Grand Duke and a member of the
Provisional Government after the departure of his Sovereign ; and , finally , rhiff of the executive power by a decree of the Constituent Assembly of Tuscany . He added that he was ever loyal to his Prince , anil that he had even entertained the idea of having-been . appointed Km ; of Central Italy , if providence had aided his efforts to free Italy ] and that a new division of ihe Italian States ha 1 been effected . He likewise referrel to Mazz-ni , and blamed'his policy , which he said showed a perfect ignorance of men aud measures .
SPAIN . The Madrid journals of the 30 th u . t . state that the removal of ihe mortal remains of the Duke de Bayleti from the church of San Isidro to that of Atocba took place on that day ; the funeral ceremony was io be performed on the following day . The provincial deputations have been convoked for their ordinary session , which is to open on the 15 th imt . The affair of the Ueraldo , and four other journals under prosecution , was expected to come on in the course of a few days . TURKEY .
A correspondent of the OsL Deutsche Post writes from Constantinople under date Sept . 18 : " The English fleet is expected at Smyrna , to support the negotiations which are now going on'between the Porie and the maritime powers relative to the right of their men-of-war to pass the Dardanelles and Bosphorus . The powers demand free passage through the Straits , that privilege having been granted to the French war-steamer Charlemagne . The excuse made by the Porte is , that the French ambassador was on board the vessel , which hoisted a white flag . To this the reply is , 'We , too , will always have a white flag flying whenever we pass the Strait ** *
A correspondence from Beyroutof the 14 th ult ., states that the Druses had taken up a strong position , and were in possession of arms and ammunition , the camp near Tel-el-Fare * was fortified . On the 10 th ult . three battalJio » s of regular troops received orders to march on Damascus in all haste . Great fermentation prevailed in the districts of Gaza , Naplouze , and Latakia . The patihalic of Bagdad was in a state oif anarchy , arid numerous hordes of Arabs descending from the mountains pillaged the caravans .
UNITED STATES . ( FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT . ) New York , September , 22 . I have but little news to communicate this week . Preparations for the etisuing Presidential election are alone spoken or written of . General Scott is now on a canvassing tour , aud in persuasive speeches is soliciting the " sweet voices" of the multitude . The " little giant , " senator Douglas , on the other hand , has been delivering
some *» o-a-head democratic addresses , in which he highly approves the notions of those who have made up their minds to drive the Britishers right out of the American Continent . He thinks , loo , we ought to have Cuba . How we are to get it he does ridt seem to have quite made up his mind yet ; but he is quite sure that if we don ' t buy it , we should not let anybody else do so . He does not say anything about Cuba free and " independant , except as an applicant for admission into the Union ; perhaps Cuba as a free and independant country is not altogether compatible with Ins "
democratic ' ideas of progress . There seems to be no change in the situation of Cuba . The p opulation continues threatening and sullen , and the authorities watchful and determined . Tiie persons connected with the revolutionary journal , Voice of the People , have been condemned to death by court-martial , and all the American papers , with two or three exceptions , have been excluded from the island- The success of the insurrection is not doubtful , if , as I have previously saidthere be no premature demonstration on the pact of any of
, our citizens . Santiago de Cuba was lately visited by a disastrous earthquake . The cholera still rages at Havanah . The deaths from this scourge during the last month amounted in all to 500 . i »> e hne war-steamer the Pkdrro was wrecked on the bar of Mariol on the ni-ht of the 11 th inst . The wreck of this vessel , which is the one so often mentioned in connection with the expeditions of 1850 —1 , took place under the following circumstances : —On the 11 th , nn American bark signalled from the mouth of the harbour at she at
Havanah for a pilot . When one had gone on board , once bore away for Mariol , a port about 25 miles to the westward This creating suspicion , ihe Pizarro left this port late in the afternoon m pursuit " . It was quite dark , and blowing strongly when the Spaniard reached Mariol , into the port of which the American hark had been seen logo . The captain insisted upon following her into the port at once , contrary to the advice of the pilot . The consequence was that the ship run against the rocks in entering , and became a total wreck . The American bark proved to be a
merchantman with only seven or eight on board . There is no important news from the fishing grounds . The schooner Caroline Knight has been seized by a British cruster , and carried into Charlotte Town . A telegraph dispatch from Quebec yesterday says : —" The Assembl y has placed in the hands of the Governor General the address to the Queen , requesting power to pass a bill for" the distribution of the clergy reserves . This address , after being debated for four days , was fully adopted by 2-5 to 22 . Mr . . Young the Commissioner of the Board of Public Works has resigned , in con-
France. (Prom Our Own Correspondent.) Pa...
sequence of the government having resolved to put on American vessels passing the Welland Canal , the same tolls as are paid by British vessels passing both the WelhmtlandSt . Lawmnce Canals , and to restore the differential duties against direct American trade , by placing higher duties on goods coming that way than those coming by the St .-Lawrence . Mr . llincks , in behalf of the remaining members of the Cabinet , explained to the Assembly that the object of the new policy was to induce the United 'States to grantreciprocity .
Accounts from Brazil * nie-ihai vello ' w fever ^ prevails to a great extent amongst the shipping at Puree , A French steamer from Cayenne has lately been at this port for the purpose ' of procuring provisions for the inhabitants -of Cayenne , who are in a state of starvation . The French commander wished to explore the river / but the authorities would rot . allow him . I have Mexican papers to the 2 nd in . < t . The Republic is in a deplorable condition . The Council of Government has decided that there will be no extra Session of Congres > . The foreign merchants of Maz-dtian have organized a military force for the protection of the contraband trade . Rebolledo is now completely powerless . Ilis
partisans have-deserted him , he himself is secreted in the mountains , and an armed force is in pursuit of him . The Indians have again invaded Zacatecas where they committed fearful atrocities , A great number of persons were assassinated , many wounded , and a number , of women and children carried away captives . Accounts from Matamores to the 4 th inst ., state that -great excitement prevails relative to the usurpation of Cardenas . The National Guard have decided in favour of Pricto , and encamped on the American side of Ilio Grande . General Avalos has issued ajprociamatibn in favour of Cardenas , but the principal cities of Tamanlissas are altogether opposed to him .
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India. The Burmah Reinforcements Were Al...
INDIA . The Burmah reinforcements were all on their way to Madras and Calcutta for embarcation , aud transports were being hired for their conveyance to Rangoon and Mauimain . Emigraj'on from Bombay to Australia was about to commence . Upwards-of 150 soldiers are said to have applied for their discharge from Her Majesty ' s 8 ( jih to proceed to the 'diggings . '
Anot occurred in the city of Benares on the evening of the 2 d ofAuguit . The magistrate was pelted with stones and brickbats , . asAyere also the General and several officers and other Europeans who had to cross the bridge . A couple of companies of the 33 d Native Infantry and the detachment of the 11 th irregular cavalry were speedily on . the spot . The aff . nr was a bloodless one . The armv which will be assembled in Pe «» u in the month of November
will consi .-t of more than 20 . 000 men—that is , six regiments of European foot , 12 regiments of native infantry , and a full complement of anillery , as well as sappers and miters . Turmoil is about to take the place of tranquillity on our northwest frontier : the ever troublesome Momunds and Swattees have again been following their habitual predilection for murder and rapine , and it is expected another force will have to be sent out into th * Swat Valley , to chastise such of them as fall in our wav .
Ihe Afreedies of the passes are also troublesome—uotning new , unfortunately , with them . Along the eastern frontier profound peace prevails . The whole country from Peshawur along to Knrracheehas been deluged with rain , and storms prevailed from the last week in July till Aug . 7 or S . Capt . R . H . Hicks , acting commandent of'the 10 th irregular Cavalry , was during a storm struck dead by lightning , while in the act of-shutting the window of the house in which he was putting up .
From Sciude nothing is heard of but the inundation of the Indus all the way from S'ikkur down to Ghorabarree were completely surrounded with water , and fears , were entertained for their safety . The crops were everywhere in danger of being spoiled , and the people were in a miserable plight .
News Feom T&E Gold Diggings. The Followi...
NEWS FEOM T & E GOLD DIGGINGS . The following description of the diggings at Mount Alexander , in Victoria , so renowned for its productiveness of gold , is taken from an Australian paper of a-recent date : — With respect to Bendigo , little concerning this locality has yet met the" public eye , and on this account I shall commence wiih it . The inquiry , however , is it new-one ,-and from the short stay that from unavoidable circumstances I was compelled to makehaving remained but little over a week—I venture upon it with some diffidence , as I have necessarily to depend more upon the
report of others than upon my own sctnal observations ; still , as my own brief experience has fully borne out . the information received from the intelligent persons with whom I have conversed , I have the less hesitation in making use of that information , and of giving it , as far as my humble dictum goes , the warranty of correctness . In no part of the Victoria Diggings is there more crime , violence , and lawlessness than at Bendigo . I have seen grog shops , those pestilent generators of crime , boldly and uumistakeably open , and business transacted in them as publicly as in a tavern , the landlord standing behind his rude bar , and serving out liq uor without the slightest attempt at concealment . In one place I even saw a glass of ° spirits brought out to a man on horseback , who pulled up at the entrance of the tent , and took his dram without dismounting , in
open view of all who chose to look , whilst around the tent were over tenor a dvmi individuals , none of whom boasted of the most prepossessing style of physiognomy , and all of whom gave token , more or less , of having sacrificed at the bacchanalian shrine . This den of iniquity , I am glad to say , was routed out during my stay by Mr . Commissioner Gilbert . " With a state of things such as this with the law so openly violated , and in such a manner , what could be txpeeted but thai the poison .. from the Upas tree of drunkenness should spread abroad through the divings , generating violence and robbery , and even murder . Thus , then , it
happens that quarrels , fights , and disturbances are by no means uncommon , whilst scarcely a night passes without fearful shrieks , or cries of murder resounding through the diggings , breaking the midnight ' s silence , and giving the only evidence of Some brutal attach * of some planned robbery , or perchance , of some dark deed of blood . Tents , too , hare been , l bailed up , " the valuables taken , and sometimes disgraceful violence used . In one instance , a man was shot through the jaw , in another a digger was knocked down with a bludgeon , a third was slabbed with a knife , ami
several others have been maltreated , and all without provocation , since in neither case , was any resistance offered to the p lunderers . It may be said that nothing of this sort is known to the officials—that
News Feom T&E Gold Diggings. The Followi...
persons travelling through the diggings see nothing of it . This is no doubt true ; for in the day time only toil and labour , and ceaseless industry are -seen- —the bright rays of the mm point out no traces of the deeds thatthe dark " veil of night has hidden , and that the silent stars have alone witnessed—whilst ihe sufferers by these deeds are not a bit too anxious to make any disturbance about them , since it has been unmistakeably hinted that a thirty , feet hole is a certain qu ' ulus-for a . troublesome witness .
I have seen the storekeepers retire to rest , attd have" marked the care with which they have looked to the prim ' mi ' of the revolvers * or the double-barrelled pistols , wliic . h were their invariable compagnahs die lit ; and I have noticed that * durimr the night , the slightest movement was sufficient to awaken them— ihe most convincing proof of any that danger was really apprehended : to the same way universal mistrust affects-the diggers also ; to them the ni ght invariably brings with it caution » ni preparation : and it is by no means safe for the lover of a star-lit walk to approach , as uentlemen keeping lute hours have on more than otte occasion been fired at , in the apprehension that they were marauders .
Most willinglydo * I admit that the evil is much magnified , ' most cordially do I agree that the actual amount of crime committed is not so great as it would be in a town with a similar admixture of population : but at the same time it must be remembered , that tents offer no such protection to life or property us do bricks or stones * and that men dread attack in the same proportion as they feel themselves open to it ; thus every theft adds to the general tin * easiness , as each one knows himself to be as exposed to robbery as he who has . suffered . This will in a irreat measure account for the
ferment , and the feeling of insecurity that at present exist ; and , even though there be absolutely no danger , and supposing even that no scenes of violence have been performed , no acts of crime committed , stili they are apprehended , and men thus see with dread the setting of the sun , as a night of restlessness , if not of vigil , is thought necessary to guard the products of a lucky day of toil . Now , such ought not to be the case . The men who pav the
charge demanded Of them lor the right to work the golden soil become in fact tenants , and may insist upon the recognised Jaim of a tenant , not only to undisputed possession , but to quiet enjoyment . As a landlord , the government is bound to protect them in their work ; and , as asgovernment , to guard them in their homes . This ferment and insecurity nothing but the stationing of a strong police force on the diggings will ever allay .
Any person acquainted with the history of Bendigo , from its first , discovery as a prolific diggings , would naturally have expected that some such scenes as those I have so casually alluded to would have bfen enacted . He would have known thai when the outcry for protection was raised at the Forest Creek , arid'when the attention of the officials was at length called to the subject , some of the wild and reckless desparadoes that threatened to turn the busy scene of industry into a stage for rapine and lawlessness , . found that too close a watch was kept upon their proceedings to-allow thetn to continue their ; -criminal career with the same impunitv they
had previously enjoyed . A shift therefore became necessary , and no . field promised so fairly us the one newly opened at Bendigo , and thither therefore they removed . In this way the Forest Greek was cleared ; and in this'way the daring gaiig that so long held the diggers of Friar ' s Creek in alarm were got rid of . It need scarcely be added , that there was but little danger that the full bearing-tree of villainy would suffer from being thus transplanted . It was removed to a soil fruitful in all the ' aliment necessary to make it flourish . Here were diggers , reaping a plenteous harvest of the precious ore , and quite unprotected . In this way it took root , and now that two commissioners and some dozen constables offer a
feeble guard to the license payer , this shadow of protection gives only a delighful zest—a pleasurable excitement to a marauding expedition that it wanted in the absence of all police . More than one person has assured me , and my own observations lead me to the same conclusion , that the plunderers who manage to keep the whole-diggings in a state of uneasiness are -but few m number ; what is more singular , also , is that they are mostly all well known to the diggers generally , and on several occasions I have had them pointed out to me . whilst u wish has been ex * pressed that the police would apprehend them—on suspicion . Few as these ruffians are , however , they-manage to keep clear of the law , as no danger is to be apprehended , unless they be taken in the fact of committing a lawless act . Of this there is no fear .
since the numerous body of police assigned to these diggings is kept closely round the tents of the commissioners , at the Bullock aud Emu Creeks : the Bendigo , to which the exploits of these gentry are confined , being left after dark to take care of itself * It is welt known that but two or three ruffians may , as long as they continue at large * ¦ keep a town protected by an efficient body of police in a continued state of alarm ; and the history of almost every large city of Europe furnishes examples of the fact . What must be the consequence , then , of a handful of thieves thrown in amongst men dwelling-in tents , and wanting not merely an efficient police , but a police
altogether ? The consequence has been universal distrust , uneasiness , and alarm . To remedy this a police force is lequired , so large us to be able to keep watch in sufficient numbers to enable them to cope with the force that the outlaws can bring into the field . When this is the case , the police will not only have the moral strength given by confidence in themselves as agents of the law , but also the actual strength given by numbers . Thev may likewise depend upon the assistance of the majority of the diners ,
in case of emergency , for I feel assured that there is hardly one dig-jer who would shrink from aiding in the capture of a thief , if he knew that it was a constable that was making the capture . At present a cry of murder will scarcely bring a digger from his tent , for there are so many ruses employed by the midnight prowlers , that a cry for assistance may possibly be nothing mo ' re than a decoy , either to lure him to the fate from which he fancies he is about to rescue another , or to take him from his tent whilst some member oi the gang is engaged in robbing it .
MACT or a Mrrraa prom the Australian diggings . " Junction of Hurler and Forest Creeps , " "Alexander Diggings , 10 th May , 1852 . "Dear Father , —There is no use in bothering you with a long account of our voyypeout ; suffice it to say , that it wa * prosperous , occupied only three tuoulhts . and , owing to the doctor ' s kind attention , my position was peculiarly comfortable . We arrived at Melbourne on the 23 rd January ( midsummer ) . Dr .
S > . and Mr . B . received me very kindly . Through the influence of the latter , and my letters oi introduction , I mis offered ii situation of £ ' 150 a year . Mr , B ., at the same time , suggested tlia propriety of my trying the 'Digging , ' adding , that if I did not succeed he -would still secure ttie place for me . On that hint I acted , and started on ; i visit & a friend , Mr . G f , who keeps large stores near this place . After reconnoitring the place for a fortnight I joined jny first gold digging party , Lieutenaat G ., of the xoynl navy , from sweet Tipperary Mr . C , a son oi the member of the legislative council ; myself , with two working men and twe boys , constituted oar party . We agreed that all the gold ool « .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 9, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_09101852/page/3/
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